JP4661805B2 - Tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel boring machine (hereinafter abbreviated as TBM), and more particularly to a structure capable of excavating a deformed cross section.

  Conventionally, for example, a TBM is known as a tunneling machine that excavates the entire cross section of a tunnel at once by a mechanical excavation method without using blasting for tunnel excavation. This TBM is equipped with an excavator main body at the tip and a work cart for placing and moving various facilities following the main body, and the excavator main body with the ground around the tunnel as a reaction force by a gripper attached to the excavator main body. The tunnel is excavated while moving forward. After excavation of the tunnel, the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel is protected by spray lining with a spray material such as concrete. The excavation cross section of the tunnel excavated using TBM is circular. This is because the face plate for excavating the face is circular and excavates while rotating the face plate.

  By the way, for example, when excavating a tunnel that requires a horseshoe-shaped cross section such as a railway tunnel or a road tunnel using a TBM, an additional excavation portion as shown by a shaded portion in FIG. As shown by the oblique lines in FIG. 5B, a portion requiring backfilling occurred, and the excavation work and backfilling work and the construction period became longer, which was uneconomical.

  In large tunnels, as shown in FIG. 6, it is common to excavate the advanced guide shaft a using TBM. However, it is necessary to excavate the insufficient cross section indicated by hatching by the NATM method. In addition, there were problems such as a longer construction period.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above technical problems, and its purpose is to enable excavation by TBM alone without using other construction methods even in the case of non-circular irregular cross sections as described above. TBM is provided.

  To achieve the above object, a tunnel boring machine according to the present invention includes a face plate for excavating a circular cross-section included in a deformed cross-section to be obtained, a back plate fixed to the back of the face plate, and Excavation of insufficient cross-sections on the left and right of the circular cross-section excavated by the face plate, which is composed of a cutting edge formed in the outer shape of an irregular cross-sectional shape and excavating buckets disposed on both sides of the back of the cutting edge And a modified cross-section excavating section for carrying out (first invention).

  According to the tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the tunnel boring machine can be formed into a deformed cross section along with a circular cross section by excavation work of the tunnel boring machine alone.

  Further, the irregular cross section excavation part is fixed to the immediate back portion of the face plate, and has a cutting edge formed in an outer shape having an irregular cross sectional shape to be obtained, and excavation parts disposed on both sides of the back part of the cutting edge. And a bucket. The present invention is particularly suitable for soft rock excavation because it is possible to excavate a section with insufficient cross section by the thrust of TBM.

  According to the TBM of the present invention, even if the cross section is irregular, it can be excavated by the TBM alone without using any other construction method, which is economical and can contribute to shortening the construction period.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 show an embodiment in which the present invention is developed as suitable for soft rock excavation.

  The TBM in the figure includes a hollow rectangular tube-shaped beam 1 disposed at the center in the front-rear direction, a face plate 2 that is rotatably supported at the tip of the beam 1 and has a rear skin covered with a tubular skin plate, and a face plate 2. A deformed section excavating section 3 provided coaxially on the rear side of the beam, a fixed sleeve 4 disposed on the rear face of the deformed section excavating section 3 on the outer periphery of the beam 1, and a rear section of the fixed sleeve 4 and the beam. 1, a rectangular slide block 6 disposed on the outer periphery of 1 and connected to the fixed sleeve 4 via a plurality of thrust jacks 5, a sliding chute 7 disposed at a lower portion of the sliding block 6, and a rear portion of the sliding chute 7 The tip is positioned in the center, the rear portion is disposed obliquely upward, and the belt is disposed in the belt conveyor 8 and the beam 1 for discharging the slip, and the rear portion is disposed on the upper side of the belt conveyor 8. It is schematically composed of the discharge of the belt conveyor 9 Metropolitan Ri.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (a), a large number of cutter bits 17 are arranged in a radial arrangement on the front surface of the face plate 2, and the face face of the face plate 2 is excavated with the rotation of the face plate 2, and the excavation shear is removed with a skin plate. It takes in in the beam 1 from the enclosed chamber, and it discharges | emits toward the rear part of a mine through the belt conveyors 9 and 8. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the modified cross-section excavating section 3 is a horseshoe type that is fixed to the outer periphery of the fixing sleeve 4 at the rear part of the face plate 2 via a plurality of brackets 31 and immediately behind the face plate 2 and has a bottom arc. The cutting edge 30 has a modified cross-section, and a pair of buckets 32 that are used for both free-side digging and dragging disposed on both sides of the fixed sleeve 4 at the rear of the cutting edge 30. Is a fixed blade with a knife edge, and excavates the ground into a blade shape using the propulsive force of the TBM.

The left and right slide block 6, the main gripper 14 is disposed via a plurality of jack 12, the end gripper 16 is further provided through the respective support jack 15 is in the rear left and right beams, respectively by the expansion and contraction of the jack The gripper is brought into contact with or separated from the inner wall of the tunnel to obtain a reaction force during excavation.

The FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) is shown the behavior of the TBM, firstly, drilling operation is stopped as shown in FIG. 3 (a), abut against the error Ndogurippa 16 to the tunnel inner wall, the sliding block The main gripper 14 is reduced, the thrust jack 5 is reduced and the slide block 6 is advanced. Then, as shown in FIG. 3B, the main gripper 14 is expanded to abut against the inner wall of the tunnel. on which the 6 fixed, by reducing the d Ndogurippa 16 while rotating the face plate 2, by extending the thrust jacks 5, face plate 2 and the modified cross drilling unit 3 performs drilling one stroke to advance .

  Using the TBM having the above-described configuration, first, a face is excavated in a circular shape by the face plate 2, and the blade edge 30 immediately behind the face plate 2 is caused by the propulsion operation so that a cross-sectionally insufficient portion (a portion indicated by hatching in FIG. 4). Scrape off. Further, the excavated portion and the portion where excavation cannot be performed are excavated by the bucket 32, or the wall surface is corrected and collected at the center side, and sent backward through the sliding chute 7 and the belt conveyor 8.

  The sliding chute 7 collects excavation excavation generated by excavation of a horseshoe-type excavated portion, and rotary feathers 23 are arranged on the front left and right as shown in FIG. The scooped up at the front end of 7 is gathered to the center rear and sent to the belt conveyor 8 side.

  The sliding chute 7 is pivotally attached to the lower portion of the slide block 6 by an elevating jack or the like. When the slide block 6 is moved, the slide chute 7 is raised to prevent the movement of the slide block 6. It is possible to efficiently collect the shearing by grounding when 6 is fixed.

  As described above, for each excavation operation, circular excavation by the face plate 2 and horseshoe-shaped excavation work by the irregular cross-section excavating part 3 at the rear part are simultaneously performed, and the horseshoe-shaped excavation work is performed only by the TBM without using another construction method. A tunnel with a cross section can be created.

  Moreover, the irregular section excavation can be performed by the propulsive force immediately after the face plate 2 without a complicated mechanism, which is suitable for soft rock ground capable of scraping excavation.

  In the above configuration, the face plate 2 is excavated in a cylindrical shape, and the portion where the cross section is insufficient (the portion indicated by hatching in FIG. 4) is scraped off by the blade edge 30 immediately behind the face plate 2 and further freely excavated by the bucket 32. , The burden of propulsion will be even smaller.

  As is clear from the above description, according to the TBM according to the present invention, even a deformed cross section can be excavated by the TBM alone without using another construction method, which is economical and can contribute to shortening the construction period.

It is a perspective view of TBM by an embodiment at the time of applying the present invention to soft rock excavation. (A) is a front view of the TBM, and (b) is a front sectional view of a blade edge portion. (A), (b) is a sectional side view of the TBM. It is a front view of the TBM. (A), (b) is a front view which shows the malfunction at the time of performing a profile cross-section excavation using the conventional TBM. It is a front view which shows the malfunction at the time of performing large-section excavation using the conventional TBM.

Explanation of symbols

2 face plate 3 irregular section excavation part 30 cutting edge 32 bucket

Claims (4)

A face plate for excavating a circular cross section included in the modified cross section to be obtained;
The blade is fixed to the immediate back portion of the face plate, and is formed of an outer peripheral shape having an irregular cross-sectional shape to be obtained, and buckets for excavation disposed on both sides of the back portion of the blade, A tunnel boring machine comprising: a modified cross-section excavating section for excavating a cross-section deficient portion on the left and right of a circular cross-section excavated by a face plate. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, wherein the highest position of the blade edge is configured to coincide with the highest position of the face plate. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a minimum position of the blade edge is configured to coincide with a minimum position of the face plate. The tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bucket is swingable in a plane perpendicular to a direction of excavation of the tunnel boring machine.

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