JPH08172903A - Method for carrying out large-scale culture of cordyceps sinensis cass. and large-scale culturing substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To mass-produce a fruit body of Cordyceps sinensis Sacc. having uniform form at a low cost by grinding mycelium produced by artificial culture, inoculating the mycelium into a culturing substrate consisting of chrysalis after several days from pupation and growing the mycelium into a fruit body. CONSTITUTION: Cordyceps sinensis Sacc. (e.g. Cordyceps militaris) is artificially cultured by a method inoculating a sterilized culturing substrate of chrysalis system with original fungi of Cordyceps sinensis Sacc. and culturing the fungi under dark conditions to produce a mycelium. Then, the mycelium is subjected to pulverizing treatment, preferably together with the culturing substrate and inoculated into a culturing substrate consisting of chrysalis after several days from pupation (preferably silkworm chriysalis) to grow the mycelium into a fruit body. The pulverized mycelium is grown into the fruit body by culturing the mycelium under dark conditions of 10 deg.C for 30 days to form the mycelium over whole the culturing substrate, carrying out culture at 20 deg.C and 400-600 lux until all mycelia exhibit red color and embedding the mycelium into vermiculite-like soil together with fresh chriysalis which is the culturing substrate and culturing the mycelium.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a method for cultivating Cordyceps for mass production of Cordyceps, and more particularly to a method for mass-cultivating Cordyceps using raw pupae as a culture substrate and a mass culture substrate.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Cordyceps are inactive in the winter when fungi parasitizing insects and spiders in the soil (hereinafter simply referred to as "insects") are active in the winter, but only host insects are active. It is a term named in view of the fact that the parasitic fungus is produced in mycelium and further germinates to grow rod-shaped or other fruiting bodies. And since this fruiting body grows only in natural insects, it is searched and collected in a wide range of fields,
It is used as a raw material for cooking or medicine. As a result, it is difficult to collect the fruiting bodies, and in China, the fungi and fruiting bodies are used as valuable Chinese herbs and health foods.

[0004]

In recent years, the effects of the above-mentioned fungi and fruiting bodies as health foods and the medicinal effects such as carcinostatic action have been elucidated, and the demands as health foods and herbal medicines are increasing. However, the fungus and fruiting body (hereinafter,
Since "caterpillars" are collected and harvested only from those that are produced and grown only in nature, the labor burden of the collection and harvest is large, and moreover, the demand for the health foods and herbal medicines can be sufficiently satisfied. Can not. Therefore, there is a problem from the viewpoint of maintaining and enhancing the health of the entire population because it is not possible to inexpensively and adequately provide the health food and the herbal medicine to the common people who make up the majority of the population. Therefore, the present inventors sought to find a method for cultivating Cordyceps for a large amount at a low cost in order to solve such a problem.

As a result, there are many lepidopteran insects such as butterflies and moths around us. Especially, silkworms belonging to this lepidopteran, which are closely related to human clothing life, have been artificially produced for many years. It is easy to artificially produce a large amount of cocoons because it is an insect that has been hatched and grown in large numbers, and pupae are always produced at the same time when they produce cocoons. We convinced that mass production and commercialization of the Cordyceps sinensis would be facilitated if it could be used as a culture substrate for bacteria. The present invention, based on such conviction, has conducted diligent research and experiments, and in the case of inoculating live pupae with Cordyceps fungus obtained by artificial culture, dried pupae, other culture substrates such as sawdust, etc. Compared to the above, we obtained the knowledge that the steps such as sterilization of the culture substrate can be omitted, and that infection and reproduction of this culture material are good, and it was completed based on this new knowledge, and it is suitable for mass production of cordyceps. The object is to provide a suitable method for large-scale cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis and a large-scale culture substrate.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the method for mass-cultivating Cordyceps sinensis according to the invention of claim 1 comprises:
Artificial culture of Cordyceps sinensis by a predetermined method to generate mycelium,
The generated mycelium is crushed, and the crushed mycelium is inoculated into a pupal culture substrate several days after pupation, and the inoculated mycelium is used as a fruiting body in the culture substrate by a predetermined method. The method for mass-cultivating Cordyceps sinensis according to the invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the culture substrate made of pupae after several days of pupation is a silkworm pupa. The method for mass-cultivating Cordyceps sinensis according to the invention is
A predetermined method of growing fruit bodies on a culture substrate consisting of pupae after several days of pupation is that the mycelium is re-cultured under dark conditions and the mycelium is regenerated under light conditions. The mass-cultivating substrate for Cordyceps sinensis according to the invention of claim 4 is characterized in that the pupa of insects that undergo complete transformation are adjusted to a medium for Cordyceps sinensis fruit bodies in a raw state. The substrate for large-scale culture of Cordyceps sinensis according to the invention of claim 5 is characterized in that silkworm pupae are adjusted to a medium for Cordyceps sinensis fruit bodies in a raw state.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a large amount of a predominant fungus of Cordyceps sinensis is obtained by producing mycelium and pulverizing the mycelium.
A few days after pupation, the culture substrate made of pupae is uniformly inoculated by being sprinkled, and the inoculated original bacterium grows into a large number of fruiting bodies at a constant rate.

According to the invention of claim 2, the pupae after several days of pupation are easily adjusted to a culture substrate without requiring sterilization treatment, and
Since the pupae are silkworm pupae, a large amount of the culture substrate is obtained and a large amount of Cordyceps sinensis fruit bodies are produced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a large amount of the original bacterium obtained by artificial culture is regenerated in a dark and light condition in a raw pupa culture substrate that is simply and quickly prepared. ,
It grows to a large number of fruiting bodies on a stable medium transferred to the soil.

According to the invention of claim 4, the culture substrate is obtained by omitting the sterilization step, and promotes efficient production of Cordyceps sinensis.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the raw silkworm pupae, which are the sericulture effluents, are used as they are as a culture substrate for the original fungus of Cordyceps sinensis without any special artificial treatment, so that a large amount of Cordyceps can be obtained at a large-scale corporate pace. Promote production.

[0012]

EXAMPLES Examples of the method for large-scale cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis and large-scale culture substrate according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to experimental examples and cultivation examples. First, Cordyceps sinensis is artificially cultured by a predetermined method to generate mycelia. This is to secure a large amount of the original fungus for Cordyceps. In this step, the method for artificially cultivating Cordyceps sinensis, which the present inventor separately applied for a patent, is adopted.
That is, a method of sterilizing a pupa-based culture substrate (hereinafter, referred to as "primary culture substrate"), inoculating the primary culture substrate with a fungus of Cordyceps sinensis, and culturing the Cordyceps sinensis at a predetermined temperature under dark conditions. Is adopted. As a specific example, a dried silkworm pupa discharged from a silk mill is purchased, and 1 per 100 g of this dried silkworm pupa is purchased.
After adding 00 ml of tap water and sterilizing this in steam at 120 ° C for 20 minutes by a conventional method, the fruit body of Pleurotus cornucopiae occurring in the pupae of Suzumega that has been collected in the field as a primary culture substrate. After inoculating the strain isolated and subcultured from the above, and culturing in a dark condition at 20 ° C., there is a cultivation example in which the mycelium has spread to the primary culture substrate 30 days after the start of the culture. Therefore, the mycelium may be generated by such cultivation.

Next, the mycelium produced in the previous step is pulverized. This is to artificially generate a large amount of the original fungus of Cordyceps. In this step, the primary culture substrate around which the mycelium is rotated is ground with a grinder. The model of the crusher is properly selected according to the properties of the primary culture substrate. That is, if the primary culture substrate is a dried pupa, a thin type crusher is mainly used, and in some cases, a liquid such as tap water is added and crushed. The thin-type crusher roughly divides the primary culture substrate of dried pupae on which the mycelium is spun with a horizontal screw-shaped feed roll,
This roughly divided primary culture substrate is crushed between two outer and inner thin layers facing each other. In addition, impact type,
Other mills such as roll type may be used. On the other hand, if the primary culture substrate is live pupa, the hammer mill, which is a feed production and preparation machine, can be used as it is.

Next, the mycelium crushed in the previous step is used as an original bacterium to inoculate a culture substrate composed of pupae after several days of pupation (hereinafter referred to as "secondary culture substrate"). The reason why the crushed mycelium is used as the original bacterium is that the secondary culture substrate can be uniformly inoculated. In addition, pupae after several days of pupation are used as the secondary culture substrate because the step of sterilization treatment can be omitted and the efficiency of culture work can be improved. Chrysalis several days after pupation means that pupae from immediately after pupation to 7 days before emergence can be used, and this pupa is a raw pupa that can be omitted sterilization treatment and corresponds to a dry pupa. Raw pupae are beetles,
The term “pupae” such as clams and silkworms is preferable, but raw silkworm pupae are preferable from the viewpoints of mass productivity and labor saving of medium adjustment labor. However, if the beetle or the like is not used in a large amount at present and there is a possibility that a large amount of beetle or the like will be used in the future, the pupa of the beetle or other pupae can also be used. For inoculation, sprinkle the mixed powder of mycelium and primary culture substrate obtained by crushing in the previous step on the raw pupa that is the secondary culture substrate of this step, and make the surface even with the original mycelium that is the mycelium. It is in a coated state. The mixed powder can be liquefied and sprayed on the secondary culture substrate, or the secondary culture substrate can be dipped in the mixed powder liquid.

Next, culturing is performed by a predetermined method until the original fungus, which is the ground mycelium inoculated in the previous step, is formed into a uniform density mycelium on the secondary culture substrate. This is because the germination speed of the fruiting bodies in the next step is adjusted to be constant. Cultivation according to a predetermined method is 8 ° C to 15 ° C,
Preferably, about 30 days after culturing (20 to 40 days) under dark conditions at 10 ° C, primary culture is performed up to the place where the mycelia are spread on the whole live pupa culture substrate, and the culture is started about 40 days after the start of the culture. When the pupa of the pupa were cured, the temperature was switched to 20 ° C. and the dark condition was 400 to 600 Lux in the bright condition (16L8).
After switching to D), secondary culture is performed until the whole mycelium exhibits a vermilion color tone under this bright condition for 30 to 50 days under long-day conditions.

Next, when the secondary culture of the previous step is completed, the fruit body is generated. In this generation operation, the mycelium formed on the secondary culture substrate (raw pupa) is buried in the soil together with the raw pupa and cultivated so that the fruiting bodies germinate.
In order to rationalize the burying work, the mycelium is buried in the soil together with the secondary culture substrate without separating the mycelium and the secondary culture substrate. The soil is preferably soil rich in clay minerals such as vermiculite, and particularly preferably vermiculite soil. In addition, soil rich in clay minerals has less harmful bacteria than soil rich in organic matter, and is suitable for cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis fruit bodies. The pupa culture substrate used up to the previous step is an organic substance,
When it is buried in clay-rich soil, the medium has a nodular structure, which improves air permeability. Cultivation is carried out at an air humidity of 9
Hold at 0% or more and perform at 20 ° C. From the raw pupae thus buried in the soil 3, as shown in FIG.
On the 28th day, 1 to 2 cm of raw pupae, 5 to 5 cm tall
8 cm of Cordyceps sinensis fruit body 2 grew. This fruiting body is picked and harvested with a reaper. Artificial Cordyceps fruit bodies cultivated in this way are natural Cordyceps communis body and morphology and umami components (guanylic acid) collected in the wild,
There is no change in texture (flavor, shade, texture) and medicinal effect, and it can be provided as a vegetable as it is, or as an extract by extracting an extract, as well as a health food such as a drink, a herbal medicine and the like. The pupae are not necessarily limited to silkworm pupae as long as they are suitable for artificial production.

[0017]

According to the method of mass-cultivating Cordyceps sinensis of the first aspect of the present invention, the caterpillar Cordyceps fungus is artificially cultured by a predetermined method to generate mycelium, and the mycelium thus generated is pulverized and then pulverized. The mycelium thus prepared is inoculated into a culture substrate consisting of pupae after several days of pupation, and the inoculated mycelium is characterized by allowing the inoculated mycelium to grow into fruit bodies by a predetermined method. By adopting raw pupae, it can be used as a culture substrate without any special sterilization adjustment, and the cost is low in terms of adjustment labor. Next, since the mycelium produced by artificial culture is pulverized to be the original bacterium, a large amount of the original bacterium obtained from the few Cordyceps sinensis that only grows naturally can be prepared and obtained. Can be uniformly inoculated into the pupa of the pupa, and as a result, the infection of the original fungus is facilitated and ensured, the breeding is homogenized and the germinated fruiting body has a uniform growth rate, and a large number of evenly-shaped fruiting bodies are produced. It can be harvested.

Further, according to the method for mass-cultivating Cordyceps sinensis of the second aspect of the invention, since the culture substrate consisting of pupae after several days of pupation that is to be grown on fruit bodies is a silkworm pupa, a fresh silkworm pupa As a by-product of cocoon itself, it is inexpensive and can be purchased in large quantities, and the mass-produced fruiting bodies are similar in composition and morphology to the fruiting bodies of Cordyceps sinensis that are collected in the wild. It can be provided in large quantities as vegetables, health foods, and Kampo medicines, and as a result, the health of the people can be maintained and enhanced.

According to the method for mass-cultivating Cordyceps sinensis of the third aspect of the present invention, the predetermined method for growing fruit bodies on a culture substrate consisting of pupae after several days of pupation is to regenerate mycelium under dark conditions. It is characterized by the regeneration of mycelium from the culture under light conditions and the operation of fruit body development in the soil, which makes it possible to cultivate a large amount of Cordyceps sinensis and makes it a quiet farmland for farmers suffering from a reduction policy. Introducing new cash crops can contribute to the promotion of agriculture. Further, according to the large-scale culture substrate of Cordyceps sinensis of claim 4 of the present invention, the pupae of insects that undergo complete metamorphosis are adjusted to a medium of Cordyceps sinensis fruit bodies in a raw state. Since the Cordyceps sinensis plants are cultivated and produced on a culture substrate similar to the host, the morphology and traits of the Cordyceps sinensis that are cultivated and produced in a large amount can be retained in the morphology and traits of the Cordyceps oleracea that are naturally growing.

Furthermore, according to the substrate for mass-cultivating Cordyceps sinensis of claim 5, since the silkworm pupae are adjusted to a medium for Cordyceps sinensis fruit bodies in a raw state, the raw silkworm pupae themselves are cocoons. Since it is cheap as a by-product and can be purchased in large quantities, it further promotes mass production of Cordyceps. Cultivation of Cordyceps by demand for raw silkworm pupae can also revive the declining sericulture industry, activating related industries derived from it.

[0021]

[Experimental example] In the cultivation example described below, an extract obtained by hot water extraction of a dried dried peach mushroom fruit body (this extract) was subjected to a taste test by 50 people's monitors,
I got the following results. As a control, an extract (control extract) obtained by hot-water extraction of a dried product of wild Cordyceps sinensis fruit bodies was used. As is clear from the above results, the extract obtained from the Pleurotus cornucopiae fruiting body harvested by the method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae of the present invention, the texture is not inferior to the extract obtained from the wild Cordyceps sinensis fruiting body, and the mass is large.・
It can be seen that even if it is produced by a company, the quality is equal to or higher than that of wild caterpillars.

[0022]

[Cultivation example] 1000kg of raw silkworm pupae discharged from a silk mill
, And then inoculate this raw silkworm pupa by inoculating each surface so as to be overcoated with the original fungus obtained by crushing the mycelium of Pleurotus cornucopiae produced by artificial culture. After culturing for 30 days, the mycelium was spread on the entire surface of each live silkworm pupa. Then, on the 40th day from the start of culturing, since each raw silkworm pupae had hardened, the temperature was switched to 20 ° C., the dark condition was switched to a light condition of 500 Lux, and the culture was continued for 40 days under the conditions. The whole of the mycelium that had been spread over the entire surface of the plant had a vermilion color. then,
The raw silkworm pupae were embedded in vermiculite-rich soil with mycelium formed on the entire surface, and the culture was maintained at 20% humidity with a humidity of 90%. I was able to harvest a strong fruiting body. By the way, the weight of one raw silkworm pupa is about 1.5.
g, the weight of one fruiting body was about 1 g, and 1 to 2 fruiting bodies were generated and grew from one raw silkworm pupa. In many cases, the length of the silkworm pupa in the longitudinal direction was 2 to 3 cm, and the height of the fruiting body was 5 cm to 8 cm.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a cultivation state of fruiting bodies obtained by the method for mass-cultivating Cordyceps sinensis according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Raw silkworm pupa 2 ... Fruiting body 3 ...
soil

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Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A mycelium produced by artificially culturing Cordyceps sinensis by a predetermined method, pulverizing the mycelium produced, and culturing the mycelium subjected to pulverization several days after pupation. A method for mass-cultivating Cordyceps sinensis, which is characterized in that the mycelium is inoculated on the above-mentioned culture substrate and the fruiting bodies are grown on the culture substrate by a predetermined method. 2. The method for mass-cultivating Cordyceps sinensis as set forth in claim 1, wherein the pupa culture substrate that is grown several days after pupation is a silkworm pupa. 3. A predetermined method for growing fruit bodies on a culture substrate consisting of pupae after several days of pupation, comprising the steps of reculturing mycelium under dark conditions and regeneration of mycelium under bright conditions. 3. The method for mass-cultivating Cordyceps sinensis in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the method involves the generation of fruiting bodies therein. 4. A mass-culture substrate for Cordyceps sinensis, which is prepared by adjusting the pupae of an insect that undergoes complete metamorphosis to a medium for Cordyceps sinensis fruit bodies in a raw state. 5. A mass culture substrate for Cordyceps sinensis, characterized in that silkworm pupae are prepared in a raw state in a medium for Cordyceps sinensis fruit bodies.