JPH08143387A - Production of fermentated fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To produce a fertilizer for agriculture good in quality in a short time and also to solve environmental pollution problem by subjecting chicken excrement, sludge, beer tailing and wood cutting to heat fermentation under an aerobic condition. CONSTITUTION: 0.05-5 pts.wt. sludge, 0.05-5 pts.wt. beer tailings and 0.05-5 pts.wt. wood cutting are properly compounded to 1 pt.wt. chicken excrement and charged in a fermentation tank, and this mixture is controlled in 40-80% water content range, and an aerobic fermentation bacteria is added. The mixture is stirred while blowing an air of 55-500 deg.C and the mixture is fermented while gradually raising the temp. at a range of 55 to 85 deg.C. A water content is removed while fermenting to obtain a fermented fertilizer having 5-35% water content range.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial field of application] Mixing chicken manure, sludge, beer dregs, and wood chips, whose treatment is a problem as industrial waste, and fermenting them to produce organic fertilizers and soil conditioners in a short time, and also to deal with pollution problems. It also relates to a solution.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Although poultry manure is produced in large quantities in poultry farms, it has a strong odor and is an industrial waste that is extremely difficult to process. In particular, chicken manure, unlike other manure, usually contains wood chips, so that it is difficult to use it as a fertilizer as it is. Therefore, most of them are buried underground. Therefore, the processing takes time and cost.
Sludge is mud obtained from factory wastewater. As a property of sludge, when it is left in the atmosphere, it will be spoiled in one day, and a bad odor will be noticeable. Therefore, there is usually a problem that it must be immediately stored in a closed container, or dried or incinerated.

A large amount of beer dregs are by-produced when producing beer in a food factory. Since this "beer dregs" has a high water content and is easily decomposed, there is no place for disposal and there is a problem in its disposal.

Wood chips are industrial wastes produced in large quantities during the processing of wood. However, wood chips require a large space for storage. Therefore, there is a problem that it takes a lot of money to secure a storage place and it is difficult to dispose of it.

On the other hand, a method for producing fermented fertilizer using a substance similar to the combination of these industrial wastes is also known. For example, JP-B-61-49277, column 4, columns 8 to 41
In a row, pig manure, coffee meal, beer dregs, dairy meal,
There is a description that fermented fertilizer was produced from mirin lees, molasses and sawdust. In this method, chlorella and photosynthetic bacteria are added and fermented. However, until fertilizer is made, 60 to 9
There was a problem that it took 0 days, the manufacturing time was long, and a large amount of industrial waste could not be processed.

[0006]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Chicken manure, sludge, beer dregs and wood chips each have the above problems as industrial waste. It is an object of the present invention to produce an agricultural fertilizer that can be used in large quantities and can efficiently produce high quality vegetables or fruits in a short time. It is also to provide a method for solving the pollution problem caused by these industrial wastes.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The inventors of the present invention have made diligent efforts to develop a method for treating industrial wastes in a short time and effectively utilizing them. As a result, it was surprisingly found that excellent fertilizer can be produced by heat-fermenting chicken manure, sludge, beer dregs and wood chips under aerobic conditions. Furthermore, it has been found that this fertilizer can be used to produce high-quality vegetables or fruits with high productivity. The present invention has been achieved based on such findings.

In the present specification, "fermentation" is a phenomenon in which organic substances are decomposed by microorganisms. In the present specification, chicken manure usually contains 15 to 30% of water, but the water content is not particularly limited. In this specification, sludge is
Usually, it is sludge derived from factories, but it has been treated to the extent that toxic substances such as heavy metal ions do not affect living organisms.
In the present invention, as the sludge, for example, a sludge of a food factory, a chemical factory, a fiber factory, a glass fiber factory, a building material factory, or a combination thereof can be used. In this specification,
Beer dregs are by-products produced during the production of beer and usually have a water content of 70 to 77%. Also, it is of course possible to use beer dregs having a low water content.

[0009] In the present specification, "wood scrap" refers to dust derived from "wood" such as sawdust, but carbonized "wood", that is, charcoal or charcoal scrap is also included. Sawdust is usually produced during the cutting and processing of wood in a sawmill or the like. The method for producing fermented fertilizer of the present invention is characterized in that chicken manure, sludge, beer dregs and wood chips are put into a fermenter and heated and stirred under aerobic conditions to ferment and produce.

In the method for producing fermented fertilizer of the present invention, chicken manure, sludge, beer dregs and wood chips are placed in a fermenter for 55-55.
It is preferred to ferment at 85 ° C under aerobic conditions. The mixing ratio of these industrial wastes is determined by the balance of fertilizer components such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and the water retention of soil when fertilizer is used. As a result, the amount of sludge is preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, beer dregs is 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, and wood chips are 0.05 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of poultry manure. Of course, these ratios can be appropriately changed according to the types of chicken manure, sludge, beer dregs, wood chips, and water content.

Further, in order to make the fermentation effective, the water content can be adjusted to 40 to 80% before the fermentation.
Therefore, water is optionally added first. In addition, aerobic fermentative bacteria are added to the fermenter to effectively ferment these four types of industrial waste. Although bacteria are also contained in industrial wastes, they are insufficient for aerobic fermentation, so aerobic fermentative bacteria are used when fermenting under aerobic conditions. As such an aerobic fermenting bacterium, a bacterium that easily grows at high temperature and secretes a large amount of extracellular enzymes such as proteolytic enzyme and starch degrading enzyme, or a complex bacterium thereof is preferable. Examples of such bacteria include Bacillus bacteria. In addition, as a combination of these bacteria, quick bacteria (trade name) manufactured by Sealac can also be used.

In order to ferment these under aerobic conditions, it is preferable to ferment them at 55 to 85 ° C. For that purpose, first, it is preferable to ferment under aerobic conditions while gradually raising the temperature from room temperature while applying air. This is because there are aerobic fermentative bacteria that exert their effects at various temperatures, and they can be effectively utilized. After reaching 55 ° C, it is preferable to perform the treatment at 55 to 85 ° C while applying air. 55
This is because it is difficult to remove water when the temperature is lower than or equal to ℃, and the fermenting bacteria are easily killed immediately when the temperature is higher than or equal to 85 ℃. Further, the reason why the air is applied is that the fermentation can be promoted aerobically and the water can be gradually removed. Finally, the temperature may be further raised to sufficiently dry the fertilizer. When handling a large amount of industrial waste, the air to be applied is usually 55 to 500 ° C, preferably 60 to 400 ° C. If it is too high, there is a possibility of fire and it is dangerous. If it is too low, it will be difficult to remove water.

In the fermentation, the water content of the fertilizer after drying is 5
It is preferable to carry out up to 35%, preferably 10 to 30%. If the water range is large, the fertilizer produced will
It is sticky and difficult to handle. In addition, when the water content range is small, the manufacturing time becomes long, and when it is used, it tends to be blown off by the wind and its effect is reduced.

As the fermenter which can be used in the present invention, not only the garbage rack system of Sealuck Co., Ltd. but also the one described in JP-A-5-138145 can be used.

[0015]

【Example】

Example 1 50 kg of chicken dung containing 21% of water, 30 kg of organic sludge containing 80% of water, 10 kg of beer dregs containing 12% of water,
10 kg of wood chips containing 40% of water, aerobic fermentative bacteria, and 25 kg of water are put in a waste rack system of Sealuck Co., Ltd. Air at 150 ° C. is introduced while the mixture is being stirred, and the temperature of the mixture is raised from room temperature to 80 ° C. over about 1 hour. Further, the mixture is allowed to stir at 80 ° C. for 2 hours and heating is discontinued when the water content of the mixture has decreased to 25%. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was allowed to cool for 1 hour to obtain fermented fertilizer.
The results of this experiment are summarized in Table 1.

[0016]

[Table 1]

Examples 2 to 9 Under the conditions of Examples 2 to 9 shown in Table 1, the same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain fermented fertilizer. Comparative Example 1 A fertilizer was produced by treating in the same manner as in Example 1 without adding the fermenting bacteria. Comparative Example 2 Fermented fertilizer was obtained by treating in the same manner as in Example 1 without adding organic sludge, beer dregs, and wood chips. Comparative Example 3 A fertilizer was obtained by treating in the same manner as in Example 1 without adding chicken manure, beer dregs and wood chips. Comparative Example 4 A fertilizer was obtained by treating in the same manner as in Example 1 without adding chicken manure, organic sludge, and wood chips. Comparative Example 5 A fertilizer was obtained by treating in the same manner as in Example 1 without adding chicken manure, organic sludge, and beer dregs. Comparative Example 6 Fermented fertilizer was obtained by treating in the same manner as in Example 1 without adding chicken manure. Comparative Example 7 Fermented fertilizer was obtained by treating in the same manner as in Example 1 without adding organic sludge. Comparative Example 8 Fermented fertilizer was obtained by treating in the same manner as in Example 1 without adding beer dregs. Comparative Example 9 Fermented fertilizer was obtained by treating in the same manner as in Example 1 without adding wood chips.

Example 10 Fermented fertilizers selected from Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 were used.
100 g per 1 m ^{2 of} field was sprayed and scrubbed. Field 2.5
Seven tomato seedlings were transplanted to m ² and the progress and results were observed. One week after transplantation, to evaluate the initial effect,
The height (cm) of the seedling, the diameter (cm) of the stem, and the number of dead seedlings were examined. The dead seedlings were appropriately disinfected and the test was continued. After 3 weeks from the transplantation, in order to evaluate the final effect, the tomato steady number, the thickness of the stem, and the sweetness when eaten were examined. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0019]

[Table 2]

Example 11 Fermented fertilizers selected from Examples 1, 6 to 9 and Comparative Examples 6 to 9 were sprinkled and sprinkled at 150 g per 1 m ² . Two weeks later, corn seeds were sown. At the time of germination, there was no difference in the type of fertilizer. Two weeks after germination, seedling height, seedling color and luster, and soil improvement status were examined. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0021]

[Table 3]

Example 12 Fermented fertilizers selected from Examples 1, 6 to 9 and Comparative Examples 6 to 9 were sprinkled and sprayed at 150 g per 1 m ² . Two weeks later, watermelon and melon seedlings were transplanted. After 2-3 weeks, the same amount of fertilizer was applied as an additional fertilizer. After that, the fruits were tasted to examine the sweetness. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0023]

Industrial Applicability According to the method of the present invention, using industrial waste having a problem in treating chicken manure, sludge, beer dregs, and wood chips,
It is possible to produce extremely useful fertilizer. Since the fermented fertilizer produced by the method of the present invention is sufficiently heated, the bacteria contained in the industrial waste are dead and safe. Also,
It does not decay or become sticky even in the atmosphere.
Therefore, it can be used as it is as a fertilizer or a soil conditioner. It can also be easily mixed with other fertilizers. further,
The fermented fertilizer of the present invention is particularly excellent in sustainability, unlike inorganic fertilizer or other fertilizers.

Cultivation of vegetables such as tomato, cucumber and eggplant using the fermented fertilizer of the present invention results in good growth. The resulting vegetables are also of good quality. Further, when the fermented fertilizer of the present invention is used, it is possible to produce sweet melon, watermelon, etc. with good production.

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Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing fermented fertilizer, which comprises producing chicken manure, sludge, beer dregs and wood chips in a fermenter, heating and stirring the mixture under aerobic conditions to ferment it. 2. Sludge 0.05 to 5 per 1 part by weight of poultry manure
Parts by weight, beer dregs 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, and wood chips 0.
05 to 5 parts by weight are appropriately blended and placed in a fermenter, the resulting mixture is adjusted to a water content range of 40 to 80%, and the mixture is stirred at 55 to 85 ° C. while applying air, thereby performing fermentation. The method for producing fermented fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein water is removed. 3. Sludge 0.05 to 5 per part by weight of poultry manure
Parts by weight, beer dregs 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, and wood chips 0.
Appropriately blended in an amount of 05 to 5 parts by weight and put in a fermenter, the resulting mixture is adjusted to a water content range of 40 to 80%,
The fermented fertilizer having a moisture range of 5 to 35% is produced by removing water while fermenting by stirring the mixture at 55 to 85 ° C. by applying air of 50 ° C. 3. Fermented fertilizer manufacturing method. 4. Pouring chicken manure, sludge, beer dregs and wood chips into a fermenter, fermenting under aerobic conditions while raising the temperature from room temperature to 55 ° C., and stirring at 55 to 85 ° C. under aerobic conditions. , A method for producing fermented fertilizer, which comprises fermenting and producing. 5. Sludge 0.05 to 5 per part by weight of poultry manure
Parts by weight, beer dregs 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, wood chips 0.05
~ 5 parts by weight appropriately mixed and put in a fermenter, the resulting mixture is adjusted to a moisture range of 40 ~ 80%, room temperature to 55 ℃
Fermentation under aerobic conditions while raising the temperature over 0.5 to 2 hours, and by further applying air at 55 to 500 ° C. and stirring the mixture at 55 to 85 ° C., the water content is fermented while fermenting. The method for producing fermented fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the fermented fertilizer is removed to obtain a fermented fertilizer having a water content of 5 to 35%. 6. A fertilizer containing chicken manure, sludge, beer dregs and wood chips as main components. 7. Sludge 0.05 to 5 per 1 part by weight of poultry manure
Parts by weight, beer dregs 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, wood chips 0.05
~ 5 parts by weight, and a fertilizer containing water in an appropriate range of 5 to 35% of the total amount.