JP2002300813A - Artificial culture soil - Google Patents
Artificial culture soilInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002300813A JP2002300813A JP2001105310A JP2001105310A JP2002300813A JP 2002300813 A JP2002300813 A JP 2002300813A JP 2001105310 A JP2001105310 A JP 2001105310A JP 2001105310 A JP2001105310 A JP 2001105310A JP 2002300813 A JP2002300813 A JP 2002300813A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compost
- fertilizer
- less
- soil
- mass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、生ゴミ等の有機性
廃棄物を原料とするコンポストを利用した人工培土に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to artificial soil using compost made from organic waste such as garbage.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、生ゴミ、下水汚泥、家畜糞
尿、街路樹等の剪定材、間伐材等の有機性廃棄物を適当
に混合し、これを醗酵させてコンポスト化することが行
なわれている。また、「循環型社会形成推進基本法」が
施行された現在においては、有機性廃棄物の処理方法に
ついて関心がますます高まっている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, organic wastes such as garbage, sewage sludge, livestock manure, pruning materials such as street trees, and thinning materials have been appropriately mixed and fermented to be composted. ing. In addition, now that the “Basic Law for the Promotion of the Creation of a Recycling-Oriented Society” has been enforced, interest in organic waste disposal methods is increasing.
【０００３】例えば、特開平１０−２９７９８７号公報
には、破砕処理した木皮、木片あるいはコーヒー炒煎滓
のような吸湿性に富んだ多孔質担体に、有害微生物の生
育を阻止する作用を有する複数種類の好気性微生物を高
濃度で担持させ、当該好気性微生物を担持した多孔質担
体と、生ゴミ、食品残滓あるいは活性汚泥のような有機
系廃棄物を、撹拌翼を具えた処理容器内で撹拌混合して
有機系廃棄物から堆肥を製造する方法が開示されてい
る。[0003] For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-297987 discloses that a porous carrier having a high hygroscopic property, such as crushed bark, wood chips or roasted coffee, has an action of inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms. Various types of aerobic microorganisms are supported at a high concentration, and a porous carrier supporting the aerobic microorganisms and an organic waste such as garbage, food residue or activated sludge are placed in a processing vessel equipped with stirring blades. A method for producing compost from organic waste by stirring and mixing is disclosed.
【０００４】特開平１１−２７８９７０号公報には、魚
腸類含有厨芥を連続的に醗酵槽に投入して好気的醗酵さ
せ、前記厨芥を連続的にコンポスト化する方法におい
て、前記厨芥とともに５〜２０質量部の副資材（前記厨
芥１００質量部に対して）を前記醗酵槽に投入すること
を特徴とする魚腸類含有厨芥のコンポスト化処理方法が
開示されている。Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-278970 discloses a method of continuously feeding fish intestine-containing garbage into a fermentation tank and aerobically fermenting the garbage to continuously compost the garbage. A method of composting fish intestine-containing garbage, wherein 投入 20 parts by mass of sub-materials (based on 100 parts by mass of the garbage) is charged into the fermenter.
【０００５】特開２０００−１９１３８８号公報には、
生樹木の葉の腐朽葉と、生樹木の枝木の繊維状腐朽物
と、有機系廃棄物の腐朽物とからなることを特徴とする
高温醗酵堆肥が開示されている。[0005] JP-A-2000-191388 discloses that
A high-temperature fermented compost comprising decayed leaves of raw tree, fibrous decay of branch of raw tree, and decay of organic waste is disclosed.
【０００６】このような従来のコンポストは、有機質肥
料として利用することを目的しているため、窒素分等が
ある程度残っている状態で醗酵を終了させて、製品化し
たものが通常であった。また、得られたコンポストの性
状、分析値及び利用方法について、十分な検討がなされ
てはいなかった。[0006] Since such conventional compost is intended to be used as an organic fertilizer, fermentation is terminated in a state where a certain amount of nitrogen or the like remains, and the compost is usually commercialized. In addition, the properties, analytical values, and methods of use of the obtained compost have not been sufficiently studied.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記の
ような有機性廃棄物を原料とするコンポストからなる有
機肥料は、化学肥料と比較して以下のような問題があっ
た。 窒素−リン−カリ等の有効成分が化学肥料と比べて少
なく、しかも製造ロットにより有効成分の含有量にバラ
ツキがあるため、成分保証が難しい。 土壌中で未分解物の醗酵・分解が進み、アンモニアな
どの有害ガスが発生して農作物や植栽の根を痛めたり、
悪臭や害虫が発生する場合がある。 即効性がなく、急激な気象変化等による生育障害に対
応しにくい。 生きた有用菌が含有されているので、保管管理が難し
く、長期貯蔵に不向きである。However, the organic fertilizer composed of compost using the above-mentioned organic waste as a raw material has the following problems as compared with the chemical fertilizer. Active ingredients such as nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium are less than chemical fertilizers, and the content of the active ingredients varies depending on the production lot, so that it is difficult to guarantee the ingredients. The fermentation / decomposition of undecomposed products in the soil progresses, and harmful gases such as ammonia are generated, damaging the roots of crops and plants,
Odors and pests may occur. There is no immediate effect, and it is difficult to respond to growth disorders caused by sudden weather changes. Because it contains live useful bacteria, it is difficult to store and control it and is not suitable for long-term storage.
【０００８】このため、現在、有機性廃棄物を原料とす
るコンポストの評価は低く、その需要もあまり高くな
い。For this reason, at present, the evaluation of compost made from organic waste is low, and the demand for compost is not so high.
【０００９】したがって、本発明の目的は、生ゴミ等の
有機性廃棄物を原料とするコンポストの新しい用途を提
供すると共に、植物の生育に適した人工培土を提供する
ことにある。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a new use of compost using organic waste such as garbage as a raw material, and to provide an artificial soil suitable for growing plants.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明の人工培土は、生ゴミ、下水汚泥、家畜糞尿
から選ばれた少なくとも１種以上と、セルロース系廃材
及び／又は木質系廃材とを混合して醗酵させて得られた
コンポストであって、乾物換算で炭素３０質量％以下、
窒素３質量％以下、炭素率（Ｃ／Ｎ）２０以下、水溶性
フェノール３ｍＭ以下、還元糖割合２０％以下であるコ
ンポストを含むことを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, the artificial soil according to the present invention comprises at least one selected from garbage, sewage sludge and livestock manure, cellulose-based waste material and / or wood-based waste material. And fermented to obtain a compost obtained by mixing and drying.
It is characterized by containing compost having a nitrogen content of 3% by mass or less, a carbon ratio (C / N) of 20 or less, a water-soluble phenol of 3 mM or less, and a reducing sugar ratio of 20% or less.
【００１１】本発明によれば、生ゴミ等とセルロース系
廃材及び／又は木質系廃材とを混合して、炭素、窒素、
フェノール、還元糖割合が上記範囲となるまで醗酵させ
たコンポストを含有することにより、植物の生育過程で
未分解物の醗酵・分解による障害が発生せず、製品の外
観、性状、成分などの品質が一定し、長期保存にも耐え
るものが得られ、充分に醗酵した有機質によって保水
性、通気性、保肥性等に優れた人工培土を提供すること
ができる。According to the present invention, garbage and the like are mixed with cellulosic waste materials and / or woody waste materials to form carbon, nitrogen,
By containing compost fermented until the ratio of phenol and reducing sugars is within the above range, there is no failure due to fermentation / decomposition of undegraded products during plant growth, and the quality of the product appearance, properties, components, etc. It is possible to provide an artificial soil having excellent water retention, air permeability, fertilizer retention, and the like due to a sufficiently fermented organic substance.
【００１２】本発明の人工培土は、前記コンポストの他
に、他の土壌改良材又は一般培土、例えばピートモス、
バーク堆肥、珪藻土焼成粒、木炭、ゼオライト、赤玉、
砂などから選ばれた少なくとも１種を含有していてもよ
い。[0012] In addition to the compost, the artificially cultivated soil of the present invention may contain other soil improving materials or general cultivated soil, for example, peat moss,
Bark compost, calcined diatomaceous earth, charcoal, zeolite, Akadama,
It may contain at least one selected from sand and the like.
【００１３】また、本発明の人工培土は、肥料を含有す
ることが好ましい。この態様によれば、完熟化したコン
ポストに不足する肥料成分を補うことができ、植栽用に
非常に適した人工培土を提供できる。[0013] The artificial soil of the present invention preferably contains a fertilizer. According to this aspect, it is possible to compensate for the insufficient fertilizer component in the matured compost, and to provide artificial soil very suitable for planting.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施形態】本発明の人工培土に含まれるコンポ
ストは、生ゴミ、下水汚泥、家畜糞尿から選ばれた少な
くとも１種以上と、セルロース系廃材及び／又は木質系
廃材とを混合して醗酵させて得られたコンポストであっ
て、乾物換算で炭素３０質量％以下、窒素３質量％以
下、炭素率（Ｃ／Ｎ）２０以下、水溶性フェノール３ｍ
Ｍ以下、還元糖割合２０％以下含有するものである。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The compost contained in the artificial soil of the present invention is obtained by mixing at least one kind selected from garbage, sewage sludge, and livestock manure with a cellulose waste material and / or a wood waste material. This is a compost obtained by subjecting the composition to 30% by mass or less of carbon, 3% by mass or less of nitrogen, 20% or less of carbon (C / N), and 3m
M and a reducing sugar content of 20% or less.
【００１５】コンポストの原料となる生ゴミとしては、
一般家庭、外食産業、食品工業等から排出される食品残
滓等の有機物であって、微生物の醗酵により分解できる
ものであれば特に制限なく用いることができる。The raw garbage used as the raw material for compost includes:
Any organic substance such as food residue discharged from general households, the food service industry, the food industry, etc., which can be decomposed by fermentation of microorganisms, can be used without any particular limitation.
【００１６】また、下水汚泥としては、例えば下水処理
場、屎尿処理場等で発生する汚泥を脱水したものが用い
られる。As the sewage sludge, for example, sludge generated in a sewage treatment plant, a human waste treatment plant or the like is used.
【００１７】また、家畜糞尿としては、例えば牧場、養
豚場、養鶏場等で排出される家畜の排泄物を用いること
ができる。Livestock excreta may be, for example, livestock excreta discharged from a ranch, a pig farm, a poultry farm, or the like.
【００１８】また、セルロース（繊維質）系廃材として
は、わら、芝草、雑草、枯死花卉等が挙げられる。更
に、木質系廃材としては、剪定材、間伐材、流木材、根
株（木の根）、古木、建築廃木材、おが屑等が挙げられ
る。これらの廃材は、農林業、緑化事業等に伴って発生
するものを用いることができる。なお、これらの廃材を
コンポスト化する際には、分解・醗酵しやすいように適
当な大きさに細断又はチップ化してから用いることが好
ましい。The cellulose (fibrous) waste material includes straw, turfgrass, weeds, dead flowers and the like. Further, examples of the wood-based waste material include pruned wood, thinned wood, driftwood, root stock (root of tree), old wood, construction waste wood, sawdust and the like. As these waste materials, those generated in agriculture, forestry, greening, and the like can be used. When composting these waste materials, it is preferable to use them after shredding or chipping them into appropriate sizes so that they can be easily decomposed and fermented.
【００１９】本発明で用いられるコンポストは、通常の
肥料用途のコンポストを製造する場合よりも、更に完全
に醗酵させることにより得られる。すなわち、上記各原
料を均一に混合して、最終的に乾物換算で炭素３０質量
％以下、窒素３質量％以下、炭素率（Ｃ／Ｎ）２０以
下、水溶性フェノール３ｍＭ以下、還元糖割合２０％以
下になるまで醗酵させて得ることができる。The compost used in the present invention can be obtained by fermentation more completely than in the case of producing compost for use in ordinary fertilizers. That is, the above raw materials are uniformly mixed, and finally, in terms of dry matter, carbon is 30% by mass or less, nitrogen is 3% by mass or less, carbon ratio (C / N) is 20 or less, water-soluble phenol is 3 mM or less, and reducing sugar ratio is 20%. % Or less.
【００２０】上記において、炭素含量が上記よりも多い
と、土壌微生物が増殖して異常還元状態になりやすく、
微生物バランスが崩れて有害ガスやフェノール類やプロ
ピオン酸等の低級脂肪酸の生育阻害物質等が発生しやす
くなる。In the above, if the carbon content is higher than the above, soil microorganisms tend to proliferate and become abnormally reduced,
The microbial balance is disrupted, and harmful gases, phenols, and growth inhibitory substances of lower fatty acids such as propionic acid and the like are easily generated.
【００２１】また、窒素含量が上記より多いと、アンモ
ニア性及び硝酸性ガスが急激に発生して植物が濃度障害
を起こしやすくなる。[0021] When the nitrogen content is higher than the above, ammonia and nitrate gases are rapidly generated, and the plant is liable to cause concentration disturbance.
【００２２】また、炭素率（Ｃ／Ｎ）が上記より多い
と、植物の生育において窒素飢餓と酸欠が発生する虞れ
がある。If the carbon ratio (C / N) is higher than the above, nitrogen starvation and oxygen deficiency may occur during plant growth.
【００２３】更に、水溶性フェノールが上記より多い
と、安息香酸やｐ−クマル酸等のフェニール性酸による
発芽障害や生育障害が生じる。また、酢酸やプロピオン
酸等の低級脂肪酸の植物生育には好ましくない。Further, when the amount of the water-soluble phenol is larger than the above, germination disorders and growth disorders are caused by phenyl acids such as benzoic acid and p-coumaric acid. In addition, lower fatty acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid are not preferable for plant growth.
【００２４】更にまた、還元糖割合が上記より多いと、
セルロースやヘミセルロースの分解が不十分であること
が多く、人工培土に適さない。Further, when the proportion of reducing sugar is higher than the above,
Cellulose and hemicellulose are often insufficiently degraded and are not suitable for artificial soil.
【００２５】なお、本発明において、炭素含量及び窒素
含量は肥料分析法により測定した値を意味し、水溶性フ
ェノール含量はＪＩＳ Ｋ０１０２（ただし、分析試料
の調整は肥料分析法のｐＨ、ＥＣに準ずる）により測定
した値を意味し、還元糖割合はＪＩＳ Ｋ８８２４−９
２により測定した値を意味する。In the present invention, the carbon content and the nitrogen content mean values measured by a fertilizer analysis method, and the water-soluble phenol content is JIS K0102 (however, the analysis sample is adjusted according to the pH and EC of the fertilizer analysis method). ) Means the value measured in accordance with JIS K8824-9.
2 means the value measured.
【００２６】また、還元糖割合とは、コンポストの全炭
素に占めるセルロースやヘミセルロース態炭素の割合を
示し、具体的には、分析試料を硫酸で加水分解して得た
抽出液を上記ＪＩＳ Ｋ８８２４−９２により測定した
値である。上記硫酸による加水分解は、Inoko, A., Miy
amatsu, K., Sugahara, K. and Harada, Y.: On someor
ganic constituents of city refuse composts produce
d in Japan. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 25, 225〜234 (1
979)、並びに原田靖生、井ノ子昭夫、菅原和夫、宮松一
夫、井澤敏彦：都市ごみコンポストの有機成分組成の特
徴と腐熟度の判定、土肥誌、53、116〜122（1982）に記
載された方法で行った。The term "reducing sugar ratio" refers to the ratio of cellulose or hemicellulosic carbon to the total carbon of the compost. Specifically, the extract obtained by hydrolyzing an analytical sample with sulfuric acid is subjected to the above-mentioned JIS K8824- 92. The hydrolysis with sulfuric acid is performed by Inoko, A., Miy
amatsu, K., Sugahara, K. and Harada, Y .: On someor
ganic constituents of city refuse composts produce
d in Japan.Soil Sci.Plant Nutr., 25, 225-234 (1
979), and Yasuo Harada, Akio Inoko, Kazuo Sugawara, Kazuo Miyamatsu, Toshihiko Izawa: Judgment of characteristics of organic component composition and maturity of municipal solid waste compost, Toi Magazine, 53, 116-122 (1982) Was done in a different way.
【００２７】本発明においては、生ゴミ、下水汚泥、家
畜糞尿から選ばれた少なくとも１種以上を５０〜７０質
量％、セルロース系廃材及び／又は木質系廃材を６０〜
３０質量％用いてコンポスト化することが好ましい。In the present invention, at least one selected from garbage, sewage sludge, and livestock manure is 50 to 70% by mass, and cellulose waste and / or wood waste is 60 to 70% by mass.
It is preferable to use 30% by mass for composting.
【００２８】本発明において、コンポストを得るための
醗酵方法及び醗酵条件は、特に限定されず、いわゆる堆
積法でも攪拌法でもよい。堆積法は、無通気型と通気型
に分けられ、攪拌法は、開放型の発酵槽上部に攪拌機が
走行する方式や、クレーン方式の切り返し装置が走行
し、堆肥材料を定期的に攪拌し少しずつ移動させる開放
タイプ及び密閉された発酵槽に堆肥材料を投入し内部に
付置した攪拌翼によって攪拌する密閉タイプがある。In the present invention, the fermentation method and fermentation conditions for obtaining compost are not particularly limited, and may be a so-called deposition method or a stirring method. The sedimentation method is divided into non-aeration type and aeration type.The stirring method is a method in which a stirrer runs on the upper part of an open fermentation tank, or a crane-type switching device runs, and the compost material is periodically stirred and slightly mixed. There is an open type in which the compost material is charged into a closed fermenter and the mixture is stirred by a stirring blade attached inside.
【００２９】一般的には約１ヶ月程度攪拌法で一次処理
をして、前述した規定の成分分析値になるまで、堆積法
による二次処理にて熟成することが望ましい。二次処理
の期間は堆肥材料によって異なるが１〜３ヶ月程度であ
る。In general, it is desirable that the primary treatment be carried out by the stirring method for about one month, and then matured by the secondary treatment by the deposition method until the specified component analysis value is reached. The period of the secondary treatment varies depending on the compost material, but is about 1 to 3 months.
【００３０】上記のように醗酵を完全に行って完熟化し
たコンポストは、従来のコンポストのように、使用した
際に土壌中で未分解物の醗酵・分解による有害ガス等が
発生することもないので、農作物や植栽の根を痛めるこ
ともない。また、品質が一定化し、長期保存に耐えるこ
とができる。更に、土壌を団粒化すると共に、ｐＨ等の
緩衝作用、保肥性、適度な保水性、通気性を付与するこ
とができる。したがって、上記コンポストを含有させる
ことにより、植物の生育に非常に適した人工培土を得る
ことができる。The compost which has been completely fermented by performing fermentation as described above does not generate harmful gases and the like due to fermentation and decomposition of undecomposed products in soil when used, unlike conventional compost. So it doesn't hurt crops or planting roots. In addition, the quality is constant, and it can withstand long-term storage. In addition, soil can be agglomerated, and at the same time, buffering action such as pH, fertilizer retention, appropriate water retention, and air permeability can be imparted. Therefore, by including the above-mentioned compost, an artificially cultivated soil very suitable for plant growth can be obtained.
【００３１】また、本発明の人工培土は、上記のコンポ
ストの他に、他の土壌改良材や、一般培土、例えばピー
トモス、バーク堆肥、珪藻土焼成粒、木炭、ゼオライ
ト、赤玉、砂などから選ばれた少なくとも１種を含有す
ることができる。The artificial cultivation soil of the present invention is selected from other soil improvement materials and general cultivation materials such as peat moss, bark compost, diatomaceous earth fired granules, charcoal, zeolite, Akadama, sand, etc., in addition to the above-mentioned compost. And at least one kind thereof.
【００３２】更に、本発明の人工培土は、前記のように
醗酵を完全に行ったコンポストを用いているため、コン
ポスト自体の肥料成分は乏しくなっている。このため、
上記コンポストとは別に肥料を含有することが好まし
い。コンポストと肥料とを併用することにより、コンポ
ストに含まれる有機物による土壌改良効果だけでなく、
窒素、リン、カリ等の施肥効果も得ることができる。肥
料としては、一般に使用されている無機肥料、有機肥料
等を用いることができるが、肥料成分を樹脂等で被覆し
てコーティングしたり、化学的に溶けにくいものにした
緩効性肥料を用いることが特に好ましい。このような緩
効性肥料としては、例えば「グリーンマップ」（商品
名、日本合同肥料社製）等が挙げられる。本発明におい
て、肥料の配合量は特に制限されず、植栽の種類などに
より適宜調整できるが、通常、２〜２０ｋｇ／ｍ3が好
ましく、５〜７ｋｇ／ｍ3がより好ましい。Furthermore, the artificial soil of the present invention uses compost that has been completely fermented as described above, and therefore the compost itself has a poor fertilizer component. For this reason,
It is preferable to contain a fertilizer separately from the compost. By using compost and fertilizer together, not only soil improvement effect by organic matter contained in compost,
A fertilizing effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash and the like can also be obtained. As fertilizers, generally used inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers and the like can be used, but it is recommended to use a slow-release fertilizer in which the fertilizer components are coated with a resin or the like or coated or made chemically insoluble. Is particularly preferred. Examples of such a slow-release fertilizer include “Green Map” (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Godo Fertilizer Co., Ltd.). In the present invention, the amount of fertilizer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately adjusted by the kind of planting, usually, preferably 2~20kg / m 3, 5~7kg / m 3 and more preferably.
【００３３】本発明の人工培土は、例えば野菜、果樹、
造園、苗木植栽、法面緑化、花卉、芝草等の植物栽培の
用途に用いることができる。The artificial cultivation soil of the present invention is, for example, a vegetable, a fruit tree,
It can be used for landscaping, sapling planting, slope revegetation, plant cultivation such as flowers and turfgrass.
【００３４】[0034]
【実施例】以下、実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明を具
体的に説明する。なお、以下の説明において、「％」
は、特に断わりのない限り「質量％」を意味する。The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples and comparative examples. In the following description, “%”
Means “% by mass” unless otherwise specified.
【００３５】実施例１ 生ゴミ４０％、家畜糞尿３０％、剪定枝３０％を使用し
て、攪拌法プロセスでコンポストを製造した。そして、
発酵、熟成期間を調整することにより、炭素、窒素、炭
素率（Ｃ／Ｎ）、水溶性フェノール、還元糖割合のそれ
ぞれの値が後記表１の実施例品に示されるコンポストを
得た。Example 1 Compost was produced by a stirring process using 40% of garbage, 30% of livestock manure and 30% of pruned branches. And
By adjusting the fermentation and aging periods, composts were obtained in which the respective values of carbon, nitrogen, carbon ratio (C / N), water-soluble phenol, and reducing sugar ratio were shown in Examples of Table 1 below.
【００３６】市販赤玉土に、上記コンポストを、０％
（赤玉土のみ）、３０％、５０％、８０％、１００％
（コンポストのみ）となるように添加混合し、生育基盤
とした。The above compost is added to a commercially available Akadama clay at 0%
(Akatama clay only), 30%, 50%, 80%, 100%
(Compost only) and mixed to obtain a growth base.
【００３７】この生育基盤に、肥料として「グリーンマ
ップ」（商品名、日本合同肥料株式会社製、組成：窒素
６．０％、燐酸３８．０％、加里６．０％）をＮ基準で
６ｋｇ／ｍ3となるように加えて、実施例１の生育基盤
材とした。As a fertilizer, 6 kg of “Green Map” (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Godo Fertilizer Co., Ltd., composition: 6.0% of nitrogen, 38.0% of phosphoric acid, 6.0% of Kari) as a fertilizer on the basis of N. / M 3 and the growth base material of Example 1.
【００３８】比較例１ 実施例と同様な原料を用いて、発酵、熟成期間を調整す
ることにより、炭素、窒素、炭素率（Ｃ／Ｎ）、水溶性
フェノール、還元糖割合のそれぞれの値が後記表１の比
較例品に示されるコンポストを得た。COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 Using the same raw materials as in the examples, the respective values of carbon, nitrogen, carbon ratio (C / N), water-soluble phenol and reducing sugar ratio were adjusted by adjusting the fermentation and aging periods. The composts shown in Comparative Examples in Table 1 were obtained.
【００３９】市販赤玉土に、上記コンポストを、０％
（赤玉土のみ）、１０％、３０％、５０％、１００％
（コンポストのみ）となるように添加混合し、生育基盤
とした。The above compost is added to a commercially available Akadama clay at 0%
(Akatama clay only) 10%, 30%, 50%, 100%
(Compost only) to obtain a growth base.
【００４０】このコンポストに、肥料として上記「グリ
ーンマップ」（商品名、日本合同肥料株式会社製）をＮ
基準で５ｋｇ／ｍ3となるように加えて、比較例１の生
育基盤材とした。The above-mentioned “Green Map” (trade name, manufactured by Japan Joint Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) was added to this compost as a fertilizer.
The growth base material of Comparative Example 1 was added in such a manner that the standard was 5 kg / m 3 .
【００４１】[0041]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００４２】試験例１ 前記実施例１の生育基盤材及び前記比較例１の生育基盤
材を用い、それぞれを１／５０００ａポットに８分目敷
き詰めて、供試植物としてカーネーション（Dianthus c
aryophyllus L）を播種した。Test Example 1 Using the growth base material of Example 1 and the growth base material of Comparative Example 1, each was spread on a 1 / 5000a pot for 8 minutes, and carnation (Dianthus c.
aryophyllus L).
【００４３】発芽後、無作為に間引きをして１５本／ポ
ットに調整をして、播種後１００日の時点での地上長と
着花数を測定した。数値は３ポット繰り返しの平均値で
示した。地上長の測定結果を表２に、着花数の測定結果
を表３に示す。After germination, the seeds were thinned out at random and adjusted to 15 plants / pot, and the ground length and the number of flowers at 100 days after sowing were measured. The numerical values are shown as the average of three-pot repetitions. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the ground length, and Table 3 shows the measurement results of the number of flowers.
【００４４】[0044]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００４５】[0045]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００４６】実施例２ 山砂に、実施例１の実施例品のコンポストを、０％（山
砂のみ）、３０％、５０％、８０％、１００％（コンポ
ストのみ）となるように添加混合し、生育基盤とした。Example 2 The compost of the example product of Example 1 was added to mountain sand and mixed so as to be 0% (only mountain sand), 30%, 50%, 80% and 100% (only compost). And a growth base.
【００４７】この生育基盤に、肥料として「グリーンマ
ップ」（商品名、日本合同肥料株式会社製、組成：窒素
６．０％、燐酸３８．０％、加里６．０％）をＮ基準で
１０ｋｇ／ｍ3となるように加えて、実施例２の生育基
盤材とした。10 kg of "Green Map" (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Godo Fertilizer Co., Ltd., composition: 6.0% nitrogen, 38.0% phosphoric acid, 6.0% potassium) as a fertilizer on this growth base. / M 3 and the growth base material of Example 2.
【００４８】比較例２ 山砂に、比較例１の比較例品のコンポストを、０％（山
砂のみ）、１０％、３０％、５０％、１００％（コンポ
ストのみ）となるように添加混合し、生育基盤とした。COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 The compost of the comparative example product of Comparative Example 1 was added to mountain sand to be 0% (only mountain sand), 10%, 30%, 50%, 100% (only compost) and mixed. And a growth base.
【００４９】このコンポストに、肥料として上記「グリ
ーンマップ」（商品名、日本合同肥料株式会社製）をＮ
基準で１０ｋｇ／ｍ3となるように加えて、比較例２の
生育基盤材とした。The above-mentioned “Green Map” (trade name, manufactured by Japan Joint Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) was added to this compost as a fertilizer.
In addition, the growth base material of Comparative Example 2 was added so as to be 10 kg / m 3 on a standard basis.
【００５０】試験例２ 前記実施例２の生育基盤材及び前記比較例２の生育基盤
材を用い、それぞれを１／５０００ａポットに８分目敷
き詰めて、供試植物としてクリーピングベントペンクロ
ス（Agrostis palustris HUDS.var）を播種した。Test Example 2 Using the growth base material of Example 2 and the growth base material of Comparative Example 2, each was spread on a 1 / 5000a pot for 8 minutes, and creeping bent pen cloth (Agrostis palustris) was used as a test plant. HUDS.var).
【００５１】播種後１5０日の時点での、上位１５本／
ポットの地上長を測定した。数値は３ポット繰り返しの
平均値で示した。この結果を表４に示す。The top 15 plants / day at 150 days after sowing
The ground length of the pot was measured. The numerical values are shown as the average of three-pot repetitions. Table 4 shows the results.
【００５２】[0052]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００５３】試験例３ 前記実施例２の生育基盤材及び前記比較例２の生育基盤
材を用い、それぞれを３０ｃｍ（Ｗ）×４０ｃｍ（Ｄ）
×２０ｃｍ（Ｈ）のコンテナに敷き詰めて、供試植物苗
木としてケヤキ（Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino）
を、１本／コンテナで植栽した。Test Example 3 Using the growth base material of Example 2 and the growth base material of Comparative Example 2, each was 30 cm (W) × 40 cm (D).
Zelkova (Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino) as a test plant seedling, laid in a 20 cm (H) container
Was planted in one tube / container.
【００５４】そして、植栽後１２５日の時点での地上長
を測定した。数値は３ポット繰り返しの平均値で示し
た。この結果を表５に示す。The ground length at 125 days after planting was measured. The numerical values are shown as the average of three-pot repetitions. Table 5 shows the results.
【００５５】[0055]
【表５】 [Table 5]
【００５６】[0056]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
生ゴミ等とセルロース系廃材及び／又は木質系廃材とを
混合して発酵、熟成させることにより、炭素３０質量％
以下、窒素３質量％以下、炭素率（Ｃ／Ｎ）２０以下、
水溶性フェノール３ｍＭ以下、還元糖割合２０％以下と
なるように調製したコンポストを含有するので、植物の
生育過程で未分解物の醗酵・分解による障害が発生せ
ず、製品の外観、性状、成分などの品質が一定し、長期
保存にも耐え、保水性、通気性、保肥性等に優れた人工
培土を提供することができる。また、これまであまり有
効に活用されていなかった有機性廃棄物のリサイクルに
も寄与することができる。As described above, according to the present invention,
30% by mass of carbon by mixing garbage and the like with cellulose waste and / or wood waste and fermenting and maturing
Hereinafter, nitrogen 3% by mass or less, carbon ratio (C / N) 20 or less,
Since it contains compost prepared so as to have a water-soluble phenol of 3 mM or less and a reducing sugar ratio of 20% or less, no damage due to fermentation / decomposition of undegraded products occurs during the growth of the plant, and the appearance, properties and components of the product Thus, it is possible to provide an artificial cultivated soil having a constant quality, long-term storage, excellent water retention, air permeability, fertilization, and the like. It can also contribute to the recycling of organic waste that has not been used very effectively.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 2B022 BA02 BA03 BA11 BA14 BA15 BA16 BA18 BB10 4D004 AA02 AA03 AA04 AA12 AA46 BA10 CA18 4H061 AA01 AA02 CC36 CC41 CC51 CC55 FF06 GG48 HH07 LL25 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2B022 BA02 BA03 BA11 BA14 BA15 BA16 BA18 BB10 4D004 AA02 AA03 AA04 AA12 AA46 BA10 CA18 4H061 AA01 AA02 CC36 CC41 CC51 CC55 FF06 GG48 HH07 LL25
Claims (3)
た少なくとも１種以上と、セルロース系廃材及び／又は
木質系廃材とを混合して醗酵させて得られるコンポスト
であって、乾物換算で炭素３０質量％以下、窒素３質量
％以下、炭素率（Ｃ／Ｎ）２０以下、水溶性フェノール
３ｍＭ以下、還元糖割合２０％以下であるコンポストを
含むことを特徴とする人工培土。1. A compost obtained by mixing at least one or more selected from garbage, sewage sludge, and livestock manure with a cellulose-based waste material and / or a wood-based waste material and fermenting the same. An artificial culture medium comprising compost having a carbon content of 30% by mass or less, nitrogen of 3% by mass or less, a carbon ratio (C / N) of 20 or less, a water-soluble phenol of 3 mM or less, and a reducing sugar ratio of 20% or less.
又は一般培土を含有する請求項１記載の人工培土。2. The artificial cultivated soil according to claim 1, further comprising another soil conditioner or general cultivated soil in addition to the compost.
工培土。3. The artificial soil according to claim 1, further comprising a fertilizer.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001105310A JP3698416B2 (en) | 2001-04-04 | 2001-04-04 | Production method of artificial soil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001105310A JP3698416B2 (en) | 2001-04-04 | 2001-04-04 | Production method of artificial soil |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002300813A true JP2002300813A (en) | 2002-10-15 |
| JP3698416B2 JP3698416B2 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
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ID=18958019
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001105310A Expired - Fee Related JP3698416B2 (en) | 2001-04-04 | 2001-04-04 | Production method of artificial soil |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007111036A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-05-10 | Sumika Agrotech Co Ltd | Material for raising seedling of plant and its utilization |
| CN104446905A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州市新巷农艺科技园 | Flower planting soil and preparation method thereof |
| JP2015146797A (en) * | 2014-02-04 | 2015-08-20 | 彬令 大木 | Raising seedling culture medium (bed soil) made of fully organic materials without sterilization using agricultural waste materials and excreta as main raw material, and manufacturing method of the same |
| CN104961516A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-10-07 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil |
| CN108947671A (en) * | 2018-08-12 | 2018-12-07 | 芜湖三月禾园艺设计有限公司 | A kind of microorganism sustained release flower fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| PL422377A1 (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-01-28 | Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy W Poznaniu | Organic-mineral bedding for improving plant growth |
| JP7171106B1 (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-11-15 | クレサヴァ株式会社 | SOIL IMPROVEMENT MATERIAL, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, AND SOIL IMPROVEMENT METHOD USING THE SAME |
| JP7244147B1 (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2023-03-22 | クレサヴァ株式会社 | SOIL IMPROVEMENT MATERIAL, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, AND SOIL IMPROVEMENT METHOD USING THE SAME |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007111036A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-05-10 | Sumika Agrotech Co Ltd | Material for raising seedling of plant and its utilization |
| JP2015146797A (en) * | 2014-02-04 | 2015-08-20 | 彬令 大木 | Raising seedling culture medium (bed soil) made of fully organic materials without sterilization using agricultural waste materials and excreta as main raw material, and manufacturing method of the same |
| CN104446905A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州市新巷农艺科技园 | Flower planting soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN104961516A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-10-07 | 柳州市宝杨种植专业合作社 | Podocarpus macrophyllus nutrient soil |
| PL422377A1 (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-01-28 | Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy W Poznaniu | Organic-mineral bedding for improving plant growth |
| CN108947671A (en) * | 2018-08-12 | 2018-12-07 | 芜湖三月禾园艺设计有限公司 | A kind of microorganism sustained release flower fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| JP7171106B1 (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-11-15 | クレサヴァ株式会社 | SOIL IMPROVEMENT MATERIAL, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, AND SOIL IMPROVEMENT METHOD USING THE SAME |
| JP7244147B1 (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2023-03-22 | クレサヴァ株式会社 | SOIL IMPROVEMENT MATERIAL, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, AND SOIL IMPROVEMENT METHOD USING THE SAME |
| JP2023166949A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-11-22 | クレサヴァ株式会社 | Soil conditioner and method for producing the same, and method for improving soil using the same |
| JP2023166757A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-11-22 | クレサヴァ株式会社 | Soil conditioner and method for producing the same, and method for improving soil using the same |
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