JP3239262B2 - How to repel pests - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for repelling pests that damage food crops such as rice and vegetables, flowers and the like.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for repelling pests without using pesticides or reducing the amount of pesticides.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the cultivation of agricultural crops, flowers and the like, there is a case where they are suitable for the damage of pests that damage them during the growth process.
For example, as insect pests against leafy vegetables, Japanese moth, green beetles, aphids, armyworms, etc. are known. However, it is often too late to be aware of the occurrence of the damage. Therefore, application of pesticides is widely practiced to prevent such damage by pests, but as a result, there are many concerns, such as environmental pollution and anxiety about the health condition of workers involved in pesticide application, increase in workers, etc. The problem is happening.

[0003] Therefore, instead of relying solely on the application of chemical pesticides, the use of natural enemies or the application of organic nutrients or microbial materials enhances the biological activity of crops and makes them more resistant to pests. Pest control methods are in place.

[0004]

However, the comprehensive pest control method of enhancing the biological activity of crops as described above is not an effective means in terms of obtaining and applying raw materials and effects. Was something.

On the other hand, as the demand for coffee grows, the amount of coffee extraction residue has become enormous, but at present, most of the coffee extraction residue is treated as industrial waste, and waste disposal is difficult. Has a problem. Therefore, from the standpoint of resource saving and global environmental conservation, attempts have been made to use these for various uses such as special fertilizers, but they have not yet been widely used. The present invention is intended to address such a problem, and the object has been achieved by completing the invention described below.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, as a result of diligent research for solving the above-mentioned problems, repellency against insect pests has been found in coffee extraction residues which have been mostly treated as industrial waste. By using this coffee extract residue instead of pesticides or by reducing the amount of pesticides used in combination, it is possible to avoid environmental pests while repelling pests that injure agricultural crops, etc. And eliminates concerns about the health condition of workers involved in the application of pesticides and the like, and also achieves resource saving and global environmental conservation.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a material using the coffee extraction residue of roasted and ground coffee beans is used in place of agrochemicals.
In addition , by applying the composition to a culture medium for cultivating crops, flowers and the like, it is possible to prevent the damage of pests that damage the crops and the like . Here, the culture medium in the present invention refers to soil in farmland or a planter, agar in a glass container such as a petri dish, a culture solution or the like in hydroponics, and the application is to spray the culture medium surface, and It means to mix in.

[0008] The present invention is also the one obtained by subjecting a coffee extraction residue to a microbial decomposition treatment. The microbial decomposition treatment adds nutrients such as rice bran, oil cake, tea cake, and okara to the coffee extraction residue as common agricultural materials,
The microorganisms are decomposed by adjusting the moisture, temperature, pH, aeration conditions, and the like. The condition is that the water content of the mixture of the coffee extraction residue and the nutrient source is 40%.
~ 80%, preferably 60-70%, temperature 30-80%
° C, preferably 40-70 ° C, pH 5.5-8.0,
Preferably, it is 6.0 to 7.0, and further, natural ventilation or forced ventilation is performed.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In this example, the material to be applied to the culture medium is the same as the coffee extraction residue, and the coffee extraction residue of the coffee beans that has been roasted and ground to a size of about 1 mm to 7 mm is used as the material and applied to the culture medium. To avoid pests. At this time, chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium were also applied.

[0010] In order to confirm the pest repelling effect of the material constituted as described above, outdoor (farmland) cultivated with komatsuna.
No soil, no application, mixing with soil, and application by spraying on the soil surface are compared. Is determined based on the degree of damage calculated using the following equation [Equation 1]. In addition, mixing with the soil means mixing with a hoe or the like into the soil in the range of 10 to 20 cm in the surface layer, and the application rate is to use 5,000 kg with respect to the soil 10a (R) as the culture medium. I do.

[0011]

(Equation 1)

The indices used in the formulas are 0 for no damage, 1 for little damage to one true leaf, and a little more damage to two true leaves. Is shown as 2, and those with more insect damage to three or more true leaves are shown as 3, respectively, and the results are shown in [Table 1].

[0013]

[Table 1]

From the results shown in Table 1 above, it was confirmed that the application of the coffee extract residue reduced the insect damage, that is, that the insect pests were repelled. It can be seen that a more remarkable effect is obtained when spraying on the soil surface.

Next, in Example 2, the material to be applied to the culture medium was subjected to microbial decomposition treatment by depositing and fermenting. The method was as follows: roasting and grinding to a size of about 1 mm to 7 mm. In the coffee extraction residue of the dried coffee beans,
Nutritional sources such as rice bran, oil cake, tea cake, okara, and chicken manure are added to the coffee extraction residue 100 as fermentation promoters.
% Of water and mix, water content 60-70%, temperature 40
-70 ° C., and stored for a while so that the pH is maintained at 6.0-7.0. After 10 days, the mixture is mixed again to sufficiently take in air, and then water is added to reduce the water content to about 65%. Temperature and pH as well as
In addition, a material that has been similarly aged every week for two months and aged is used as a material, which is applied to a culture medium to repel pests. At this time, as in Example 1, chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium were also applied.

In order to confirm the pest repelling effect of the material constituted as described above and the pest repelling effect depending on the applied amount of the material, the material was completely applied to the soil in a glass greenhouse (planter) in which cabbage was cultivated. When not applying, about 1/3 (one third) mixed in the soil and applied, and about 1/2 (1/2) mixed in the soil For comparison, the results are shown in [Table 2]. It should be noted that the degree of damage by Konaga was determined based on the degree of damage similarly calculated using the above-mentioned formula [Equation 1]. Here, instead of using the medium as an outdoor medium, the indoor medium, that is, the soil in the glass greenhouse (planter) is used. If the medium is an outdoor medium, the material to be applied may flow due to factors such as rain or wind. This is because the application rate may be changed due to being blown off.

[0017]

[Table 2]

From the results shown in Table 2 above, it was confirmed that the application of the coffee extract residue subjected to the microbial decomposition treatment reduced the insect damage, that is, that the insect pests were repelled. By slightly increasing the proportion of materials mixed with the pulp, it was confirmed that the application of the coffee extraction residue clearly repelled the insect pests, since the ones that suffered a great deal of insect damage disappeared at a stretch.

[0019]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to surely have a repellent effect against pests, and to effectively utilize coffee extraction residue which has a serious problem in its treatment as industrial waste. Can be done.
In addition, by reducing the amount of pesticides without using pesticides, or by reducing the amount of pesticides, and replacing some of them with materials using coffee extraction residues, the health of workers involved in environmental pollution and pesticide application can be improved. Anxiety about the condition,
Etc. can be solved.

Further, since the material is an organic substance, humic acid, which is a substance that increases fertilizing power (power to hold fertilizer) by decomposing coffee extraction residue in soil, is generated,
As the soil chemistry is improved, the coffee extract residue becomes a food for microorganisms and the soil's biological properties are also improved.Furthermore, by applying the coffee extract residue to the soil, the water retention and air permeability of the soil, and Soil physical properties such as improved drainage will also be improved, which will enhance the physiological activity of crops and provide resistance to pests. It possesses and can greatly contribute to the comprehensive control of naturally adapted pests without destroying the environment.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-116104 (JP, A) JP-A-5-32475 (JP, A) JP-A-6-234586 (JP, A) 103285 (JP, A) JP-A-4-6189 (JP, A) JP-A-10-25217 (JP, A) JP-A-10-46147 (JP, A) JP-A-7-196427 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01N 65/00 A01N 25/00 C09K 17/00 C05F 5/00 C05F 9/00 C05G 3/00 CA (STN) JICST file (JOIS)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] A material using a coffee extraction residue of roasted and ground coffee beans is replaced with agricultural chemicals in place of agricultural crops, flowers and the like.
Is applied to the culture medium to grow
A method for repelling pests, which comprises preventing damage to harmful pests . 2. The method for repelling pests according to claim 1, wherein the coffee extraction residue has been subjected to a microbial decomposition treatment.