JPH0784965B2 - Solar cooling system - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling device utilizing solar heat.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an absorption type cooling device using, for example, an aqueous solution of lithium bromide, components such as an evaporator, an absorber, a steam generator, a solar water heater and a condenser are connected by pipes. Then, a pump or an expansion valve was provided in the middle of the pipe to supply liquid for absorbing water vapor and maintain low pressure.

[0003]

The above-mentioned conventional device is inevitably a large-scale fixed facility due to many pipes and equipment. Therefore, it is usually limited to the use as an indirect cooling device which is a supply source of cold water. In addition to solar heat, electric power is also required as a power source for the device. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a compact, movable, direct cooling type solar cooling device that does not require a power source other than solar heat, and that integrates all the functions described above. The purpose is to do.

[0004]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a means for separating a low pressure evaporator and a normal pressure vapor absorption generator, and a low pressure evaporator and a normal pressure separator. It is characterized by having a semipermeable membrane partition as means for separating the condenser.

[0005]

In the solar heat cooling device of the present invention, the semipermeable membrane, which is a partition wall between the low pressure evaporator and the atmospheric pressure vapor absorption generator and the condenser, is the wall of each of the above-mentioned components and at the same time, It also plays the role of piping that connects them.

Water vapor generated by absorbing heat in the low-pressure evaporator passes through the semipermeable membrane, which is a partition wall, and is absorbed by the aqueous solution of solute stored in the upper vapor absorption generator.
The heat taken by the evaporator is released as condensation sensible heat. The water generated by the condensation of the water vapor is evaporated by the sensible heat of condensation and the solar heat radiated to the vapor absorption generator, and becomes water vapor again.

This water vapor comes into contact with the heat radiation plate protected by the radiation shielding plate above the condenser at the same atmospheric pressure, is cooled by the external air outside the heat radiation plate, and becomes water again. This water passes through the semipermeable membrane separating the condenser and the evaporator,
Return to the evaporator again. By adding a small amount of solute in the condenser, when the condensed water brings the aqueous solution concentration below the osmotic pressure equal to the differential pressure between the condenser and the evaporator, the water moves into the evaporator.

As a result, the concentration of the aqueous solution rises, and when the liquid concentration exceeds the osmotic pressure, the movement of water stops. In this way, since the dilute aqueous solution is always present in the condenser, the airtightness of the semipermeable membrane is maintained, the inside of the evaporator is kept at a low pressure, the heat transfer is repeated, and the evaporator is It is continuously cooled.

As described above, by using the semipermeable membrane for the partition wall of the low pressure component and the normal pressure component, the entire solar heat cooling system can be integrated effectively and compactly.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference numeral 1 in the figure is a solar cooling device, which has an evaporator 2, a vapor absorption generator 3, and a condenser 4.

The evaporator 2 whose pressure is maintained at about 10 mmHg is provided with an evaporative cooling plate 21 and a super absorbent resin 22. The water impregnated in the super absorbent resin 22 evaporates under low pressure and low temperature. Becomes water vapor.

This water vapor passes through a semipermeable membrane 31 which is a partition wall between the low pressure evaporator 2 and the normal pressure vapor absorption generator 3, and is impregnated into the super absorbent resin 32 provided in the vapor absorption generator 3. It is absorbed by the saturated aqueous solution of calcium chloride. The vapor absorption generator 3 further includes a solar heat absorption plate 33 and a semipermeable membrane supporting floor 34. The water in the calcium chloride solution is
The heat absorbed from the solar heat absorption plate 33 and the condensed sensible heat of the steam from the evaporator 2 evaporate to become steam.

In addition to this, there is a condenser 4 as a part of the atmospheric pressure. The condenser 4 includes a semipermeable membrane 4 which is a partition wall with the evaporator 2.
1, a highly water-absorbent resin 42, a heat dissipation plate 43, a shielding plate 44, and a semipermeable membrane supporting floor 45 are provided. The super absorbent resin 42 is impregnated with a low concentration calcium chloride aqueous solution. The water vapor comes into contact with the heat dissipation plate 43, is cooled, and is condensed into water. The heat absorbed by the evaporator 2 and the solar heat absorption plate 33 is released to the atmosphere at this time. The water is absorbed by the super absorbent polymer 42 and then returns to the evaporator 2 through the semipermeable membrane 41.

The semipermeable membranes 31 and 41 are membranes of cellulose acetate or the like, and are supported by the semipermeable membrane supporting beds 34 and 45, respectively, and the low pressure evaporator 2 and the atmospheric pressure vapor absorption generator 3 and the condenser are provided. Dividing 4

[0015]

As described above, the present invention divides the evaporator, which has a cooling function kept at a low pressure, the atmospheric pressure vapor absorption generator and the condenser, by a semipermeable membrane so that piping,
It is possible to realize a compact cooling device that does not require a pump and an expansion valve and that uses only solar heat as a power source.

As described above, the structure in which all the necessary components are integrated is suitable for cooling not only fixed objects but also constantly moving objects. Thus, it has numerous applications such as automobiles, homes, payphone boxes and portable cooler boxes. In particular, when the heat of the sun itself causes the temperature to rise, such as in a car, a house, or a public telephone box in summer, the use of the present invention can prevent it.

As described above, the use of the present invention, which is a small heat pump, enables various very effective local cooling devices.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Solar cooling device 2 Evaporator 3 Vapor absorption generator 4 Condenser

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A solute which is not separated from a solute, both as a partition wall between a low-pressure evaporator and a normal-pressure vapor absorption generator and also as a partition wall between the low-pressure evaporator and a normal-pressure condenser. A solar cooling device having a semipermeable membrane partition wall that is permeable but is permeable to the solvent vapor and solvent.