JP2959141B2 - Absorption refrigeration equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption refrigeration system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a mixture of water and a highly water-absorbing substance, such as lithium bromide, has been used as an absorbing liquid, and water has been used as a refrigerant. While using the latent heat of evaporation as a heat source for freezing, the concentration is reduced by absorption of refrigerant vapor (that is,
An absorption refrigeration system is known in which an absorbing liquid whose absorption capacity has been reduced is heated to evaporate a refrigerant by heating to regenerate the refrigerant, and to condense the refrigerant vapor so that it can be reused as a refrigerant (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 62-62). -73055).

[0003]

Incidentally, in such a conventional absorption refrigeration system, water vapor as a refrigerant vapor is moved from an evaporator to an absorber or from a regenerator to a condenser by spatial movement. Generally, in this case, the presence of condensable gas such as oxygen and nitrogen in the space for moving the refrigerant vapor hinders the movement of the refrigerant vapor and lowers the refrigeration capacity. Usually, the inside of the system has a vacuum structure.

However, in the case of such a structure in which the inside of the refrigerant circulation system is evacuated, a decrease in the degree of vacuum is directly linked to a decrease in the refrigerating performance, so that a special vacuum container or the like is required to maintain the degree of vacuum. It is necessary to take a countermeasure against vacuum, and as a result, there is a problem that the structure of the apparatus becomes complicated or large.

[0005] Accordingly, the present invention provides an absorption refrigeration apparatus that simplifies or downsizes the apparatus by eliminating the need for a vacuum structure in the system, and at the same time, expands the operating temperature range of the absorbing liquid to expand the applicable range of the apparatus. This was done for the purpose of planning.

[0006]

According to the present invention, as a specific means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the evaporator 21 for evaporating the refrigerant is exemplified by FIGS. 1 and 2. And an absorber 22 that absorbs the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator 21 with the absorbing liquid and makes the diluted absorbing liquid a dilute absorbing liquid; and that the dilute absorbing liquid in the absorber 22 is heated by a heating source to evaporate the refrigerant. An absorption refrigeration system comprising: a regenerator 11 for returning the concentrated absorbent to the absorber 22; and a condenser 12 for condensing refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 11 and returning the refrigerant to the evaporator 21 as a refrigerant. In the apparatus, the absorbing liquid in the regenerator 11 and the refrigerant in the condenser 12 are brought into contact with each other via a resin porous membrane 13 having a property of allowing the refrigerant vapor to pass but not the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid. I .

According to the second aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, an evaporator 21 for evaporating a refrigerant, and a refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator 21 is absorbed by an absorbing liquid and diluted. An absorber 22 serving as an absorbing liquid; a regenerator 11 for heating a dilute absorbing liquid in the absorber 22 by a heating source to evaporate a refrigerant and returning the concentrated absorbing liquid to the absorber 22; And a condenser 12 for condensing the refrigerant vapor generated in 11 and returning the refrigerant vapor to the evaporator 21 as a refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant in the evaporator 21 and the absorbing liquid in the absorber 22 are: It is characterized in that it is brought into contact via a resin porous membrane 23 having the property of allowing the refrigerant vapor to pass but not the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, an evaporator 21 for evaporating a refrigerant, and a refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator 21 is absorbed by an absorbent and diluted. An absorber 22 serving as an absorbing liquid; a regenerator 11 for heating a dilute absorbing liquid in the absorber 22 by a heating source to evaporate a refrigerant and returning the concentrated absorbing liquid to the absorber 22; And a condenser 12 for condensing the refrigerant vapor generated in 11 and returning the refrigerant vapor to the evaporator 21 as a refrigerant, the absorber 22 and the regenerator 1
1. In an absorption refrigeration system provided with a heat exchanger 3 for exchanging heat between the rich absorbing solution and the lean absorbing solution between the rich absorbing solution and the rich absorbing solution from the absorber 22 in the heat exchanger 3. And the dilute absorbent from the regenerator 11 are brought into contact with each other via a resin porous membrane 31 having a property of allowing the refrigerant vapor to pass but not the refrigerant and the absorbent.

[0009]

In each invention of the present application, the following effects can be obtained by adopting such a configuration.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the absorbing liquid in the regenerator 11 and the refrigerant in the condenser 12 are in contact with each other via the porous resin film 13, the absorption liquid in the regenerator 11 Refrigerant vapor generated from the liquid easily passes through the resin porous membrane 13 easily even under atmospheric pressure, for example.
Side, which promotes the concentration (ie, regeneration) action of the absorbent.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the refrigerant in the evaporator 21 and the absorbing liquid in the absorber 22 are in contact with each other via the resin porous film 23, the refrigerant generated in the evaporator 21 The vapor is easily absorbed by the absorbing liquid in the absorber 22 as it is through the resin porous membrane 23 even under the atmospheric pressure, and the evaporating action of the refrigerant is promoted.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the heat exchanger 3, heat is recovered by heat exchange between the high-temperature rich absorbing liquid and the low-temperature dilute absorbing liquid via the resin porous membrane 31, and The refrigerant vapor evaporated and separated from the absorption liquid moves through the resin porous membrane 31 from the thick absorption liquid side having a high vapor pressure to the lean absorption liquid side having a low pressure, and the concentrated absorption liquid is further concentrated.

[0013]

According to the absorption refrigerating apparatus according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the refrigerant vapor between the regenerator 11 and the condenser 12 or between the evaporator 21 and the absorber 22 is obtained. Is performed directly through the porous resin membranes 13 and 23, so that there is no need to evacuate the refrigerant circulation system as in the conventional absorption refrigeration system, which simplifies the structure of the system itself and reduces costs. There is an effect that reduction can be achieved. Further, since the regenerator 11 and the condenser 12 and the evaporator 21 and the absorber 22 can be integrated respectively, the effect that the apparatus can be made compact can be obtained.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the heat recovery and the vapor pressure difference between the high-temperature concentrated absorbent and the low-temperature diluted absorbent through the porous resin membrane 31 are utilized. Since the concentration of the absorbed liquid is performed at the same time, the operating temperature range of the absorbent is expanded, for example, as compared to a conventional configuration in which only heat recovery is performed, and
Use of a lower-temperature heat source or higher-temperature cooling water becomes possible, and as a result, an effect that generalization of the absorption refrigeration apparatus is promoted is obtained.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a system diagram of an absorption refrigeration apparatus Z according to an embodiment of the present invention. This absorption refrigerating apparatus Z uses an aqueous solution of lithium bromide (LiBr) as an absorbing liquid, uses water as a refrigerant, and allows the water vapor to pass through when the water vapor is absorbed into or discharged from the absorbing liquid. However, it is performed through a resin porous membrane having a property of impervious to water and absorbing liquid (for example, a polypropylene porous membrane or a fluororesin molded article porous membrane), thereby realizing a non-vacuum structure in the refrigerant circulation system. It comprises a regenerating / condensing unit 1, an evaporating / absorbing unit 2, a working-side heat exchanger 3 and a use-side heat exchanger 4, which will be described later.

The regenerating / condensing unit 1 includes a heating fluid
Regenerator 11 provided with a heating means (for example, hot waste water)
And a condenser 12 provided with a cooling means using cooling water are integrated with each other while being in contact with each other via a resin porous membrane 13. Then, the absorbent is flowed into the regenerator 11 and the water is flown into the condenser 12.

FIG. 2 shows a more specific structural example of the regenerating / condensing unit 1. That is, in this embodiment, the refrigerant passages 1 contacting each other via the resin porous membrane 13
The cooling water passage 14 and the heating fluid passage 15 are located outside the absorption liquid passage 6 and the absorption liquid passage 17, respectively.
A plurality of layers 3, 14, 16, 17 are stacked in layers, and the same type of passages are sequentially connected in the up-down direction to secure a required passage length. Therefore, in this example, the condenser 12 is formed by the three refrigerant passages 16, 16, 16 arranged vertically above and below the three absorbent passages 17, 17,
Reference numeral 17 denotes each of the regenerators 11.

The evaporating / absorbing unit 2 is provided with the regenerating / absorbing unit.
Similarly to the condensing unit 1, the evaporator 21 and the absorber 22 are integrally formed in a state where they are in contact with each other via a resin porous film 23. FIG. 3 shows a specific example of the structure of the evaporating / absorbing unit 2. In the case of the evaporating / absorbing unit 2, similarly to the case of the regenerating / condensing unit 1, the resin porous film 23 is formed. The refrigerant passage 16 and the absorption liquid passage 17 which are brought into contact with each other via the cooling water passage 24 are sequentially laminated in a plurality of layers, and the evaporator 21 is formed by each of the refrigerant passages 16, 16, 16. In addition, each absorption liquid passage 1
7, 17, 17 constitute the absorber 22.

On the other hand, the absorber 22 of the evaporating / absorbing unit 2 and the regenerator 11 of the regenerating / condensing unit 1 are connected via a first absorbent pipe 41 and a second absorbent pipe 42. To form an absorption liquid circulation system. And this first
The working-side heat exchanger 3 is arranged at an intermediate position between the absorption liquid pipe 41 and the second absorption liquid pipe 42. This working side heat exchanger 3
Is the high-temperature absorbent flowing in the first absorbent pipe 41 and the second absorbent.
In addition to performing heat recovery between the low-temperature absorbent and the low-temperature absorbent flowing in the absorbent pipe 42, the absorbent is also concentrated by utilizing the vapor pressure difference between the two, as described below.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of first passages 32 communicating with the first absorbing liquid conduit 41 and the plurality of second passages 33 communicating with the second absorbing liquid conduit 42 are connected to the resin porous membrane 31. Are laminated so as to sequentially contact each other.

Further, the condenser 12 of the regenerating / condensing unit 1 forms a refrigerant circulation system by a first refrigerant pipe 43, and the evaporator 21 of the evaporating / absorbing unit 2 forms a refrigerant circulation system by a second refrigerant pipe 44. At the same time, by connecting these two refrigerant circulation systems 43 and 44 to each other through a third refrigerant pipe 45, it is possible to supply the refrigerant to the evaporator 21 as described later. The use-side heat exchanger 4 is connected to the second refrigerant pipe 44.

Next, the operation of the absorption refrigeration system Z constructed as described above will be briefly described. First, on the side of the evaporation / absorption unit 2, water (refrigerant) is contained in the evaporator 21 thereof.
The absorbing liquid is circulated in the absorber 22. In this case, water vapor is generated by evaporation in the vicinity of the interface of the resin porous film 23 of the evaporator 21, and this water vapor moves through the resin porous film 23 to the absorber 22 side as it is, and Absorbed by absorbing liquid. Therefore,
On the evaporator 21 side, the refrigerant temperature decreases due to the latent heat of evaporation, and the refrigerant is supplied to the use-side heat exchanger 4 to perform indoor cooling.

On the absorber 22 side, the concentration of the absorbing liquid is gradually reduced by the absorption of water vapor, and the water absorbing capacity of the absorbing liquid gradually decreases as the concentration decreases and the temperature rises. There is. For this reason, the absorption liquid is cooled by the cooling water to maintain the absorption capacity, and the regenerator 11 described later recovers the concentration (that is, recovers the absorption capacity).

On the other hand, in the regenerating / condensing unit 1, the diluted absorbing solution sent from the absorber 22 is heated by a heating fluid to evaporate and remove water, thereby recovering the absorbing capacity as a concentrated absorbing solution. This is returned to the absorber 22. On the other hand, the water vapor generated in the regenerator 11 passes through the resin porous membrane 13 and moves to the condenser 12 as it is, where it is condensed.
Is supplied as refrigerant.

As described above, the movement of the steam in the regeneration / condensation unit 1 and the evaporation / absorption unit 2 is controlled by the regenerator 1
1 and the condenser 12 and between the evaporator 21 and the absorber 22 through the resin porous membranes 13 and 23, respectively, even if this is carried out under atmospheric pressure, There is almost no room for the influence of the atmosphere to intervene in the movement of the water, and therefore, as in a conventional absorption refrigeration system in which water vapor is moved in space, the inside of the system is vacuumed to ensure the mobility of the water vapor. There is no need to take such measures. As a result, costs can be reduced by simplifying the structure of the device and the like. In addition, since the regenerator 11 and the condenser 12 and the evaporator 21 and the absorber 22 have an integrated structure, the apparatus can be made compact.

On the other hand, in the working side heat exchanger 3,
Since the low-temperature diluted absorbing liquid flowing through the first absorbing liquid pipe 41 and the high-temperature concentrated absorbing liquid flowing through the second absorbing liquid pipe 42 are in contact with each other via the resin porous film 31, first, 1
Then, heat is recovered from the rich absorbent side to the lean absorbent side. By this heat recovery, the dilute absorbent is introduced into the regenerator 11 in a heated state, so that the evaporating action (that is, the regenerating action) is promoted, and the rich absorbent is supplied to the absorber 22 at a lower temperature. By being introduced, its absorption capacity will be enhanced.

Second, since there is a vapor pressure difference between the lean absorbent and the rich absorbent, the working side heat exchanger 3 moves from the rich absorbent having a high vapor pressure to the lean absorbent having a low vapor pressure. Movement of water vapor occurs, and the concentrated absorbent becomes even more concentrated
(The diluted absorption liquid is further diluted) and introduced into the absorber 22 in a state having a higher absorption capacity. Therefore, in this absorption refrigeration apparatus Z, the operating concentration range of the absorption liquid is expanded by an amount corresponding to the concentration or dilution of the absorption liquid in the working-side heat exchanger 3, and a lower-temperature heating heat source or higher-temperature cooling is performed. It is possible to operate the apparatus by using water. For example, it is possible to promote the general use of the apparatus by promoting the use of solar heat or low-temperature exhaust heat.

When a porous resin membrane is used as in this embodiment, it is conceivable that the corrosion product gradually adheres to the surface of the porous resin membrane and the permeability of the refrigerant vapor is reduced. Such a problem can be easily solved, for example, by using resin-made pipes and heat exchangers for the apparatus.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of an absorption refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a specific structural explanatory view of a regeneration / condensation unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a specific structural explanatory view of an evaporating / absorbing unit in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a specific structural explanatory view of the working-side heat exchanger in FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is a regeneration / condensation unit, 2 is an evaporation / absorption unit, 3
Is an operation side heat exchanger, 4 is a use side heat exchanger, 11 is a regenerator, 12 is a condenser, 13 is a resin porous membrane, 14 is a cooling water passage, 15 is a heating fluid passage, 21 is an evaporator, and 22 is an evaporator. An absorber, 23 is a resin porous membrane, 24 is a cooling water passage, 31 is a resin porous membrane, 32 is a first passage, and 33 is a second passage.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ identification code FI F25B 39/04 F25B 39/04 Q (58) Investigated field (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F25B 33/00 F25B 15 / 00 F25B 15/00 301 F25B 15/14 F25B 39/02 F25B 39/04

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An evaporator (21) for evaporating a refrigerant, an absorber (22) that absorbs refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator (21) with an absorbing liquid and uses the absorbing liquid as a dilute absorbing liquid. vessel
A regenerator (11) that heats the dilute absorbent in (22) by a heating source to evaporate the refrigerant to convert the refrigerant into a rich absorbent and recirculates the absorbent (22), and is generated in the regenerator (11) The evaporator (21) which condenses the refrigerant vapor to produce a refrigerant.
An absorption refrigerating apparatus comprising a condenser (12) for refluxing the refrigerant, wherein the absorbent in the regenerator (11) and the refrigerant in the condenser (12) pass through the refrigerant vapor but absorb the refrigerant and the refrigerant. An absorption type refrigerating apparatus characterized in that it is brought into contact with a resin porous membrane (13) having a property of impervious to liquid. 2. An evaporator (21) for evaporating a refrigerant, an absorber (22) for absorbing a refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator (21) with an absorbing liquid and using the absorbing liquid as a dilute absorbing liquid, vessel
A regenerator (11) that heats the dilute absorbent in (22) by a heating source to evaporate the refrigerant to make it a rich absorbent and recirculates it to the absorber (22), and is generated in the regenerator (11) The evaporator (2) condenses the refrigerant vapor and converts it into a refrigerant.
1. An absorption refrigeration system comprising a condenser (12) for refluxing the refrigerant in 1), wherein the refrigerant in the evaporator (21) and the absorber (22)
An absorption type refrigerating apparatus characterized in that the inside of the absorption type refrigerating apparatus is brought into contact with the absorption liquid through a resin porous membrane (23) having a property of allowing the refrigerant vapor to pass but not the refrigerant and the absorption liquid. 3. An evaporator (21) for evaporating a refrigerant, an absorber (22) that absorbs refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator (21) with an absorbing liquid and uses the absorbing liquid as a dilute absorbing liquid, vessel
A regenerator (11) that heats the dilute absorbent in (22) by a heating source to evaporate the refrigerant to convert the refrigerant into a rich absorbent and recirculates the absorbent (22), and is generated in the regenerator (11) The evaporator (21) which condenses the refrigerant vapor to produce a refrigerant.
And a heat exchanger (12) for performing heat exchange between the rich absorbent and the lean absorbent between the absorber (22) and the regenerator (11). 3)
An absorption refrigeration system comprising: a heat exchanger (3) in which the rich absorbent from the absorber (22) and the lean absorbent from the regenerator (11) pass refrigerant vapor; Resin porous membrane (31) having the property of impervious to refrigerant and absorbing liquid
An absorption type refrigeration apparatus, wherein the absorption type refrigeration apparatus is brought into contact with the refrigeration apparatus via an air conditioner.