JPH07503642A - 縫合糸取り付け装置および方法 - Google Patents

縫合糸取り付け装置および方法

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Publication number
JPH07503642A
JPH07503642A JP5514264A JP51426493A JPH07503642A JP H07503642 A JPH07503642 A JP H07503642A JP 5514264 A JP5514264 A JP 5514264A JP 51426493 A JP51426493 A JP 51426493A JP H07503642 A JPH07503642 A JP H07503642A
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Prior art keywords
bone screw
bone
suture
knot
distal
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メドウズ,ブルース、エフ
オグドン,ウイリアム、エス
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
    • A61B17/0401Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/864Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor hollow, e.g. with socket or cannulated
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/08Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
    • A61F2/0811Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/88Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
    • A61B17/8875Screwdrivers, spanners or wrenches
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
    • A61B17/0401Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
    • A61B2017/0414Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors having a suture-receiving opening, e.g. lateral opening
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
    • A61B17/0401Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
    • A61B2017/044Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors with a threaded shaft, e.g. screws
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
    • A61B17/0401Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
    • A61B2017/0445Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors cannulated, e.g. with a longitudinal through-hole for passage of an instrument
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
    • A61B17/0401Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
    • A61B2017/0446Means for attaching and blocking the suture in the suture anchor
    • A61B2017/0458Longitudinal through hole, e.g. suture blocked by a distal suture knot
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/08Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
    • A61F2/0811Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
    • A61F2002/0876Position of anchor in respect to the bone
    • A61F2002/0888Anchor in or on a blind hole or on the bone surface without formation of a tunnel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S606/00Surgery
    • Y10S606/916Tool for installing or removing orthopedic fastener

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 縫合糸取り付は装置および方法 発明の背景 発明の分野 本発明は、I!形外科の処置において縫合糸を骨に固着するために用いられる器 具および方法に関する。縫合糸は、骨に取り付けた後、たとえば靭帯を骨に付着 するために用いることができる。
従来技術の説明 ある種の整形外科の処置では、靭帯を骨に再付着する必要がある。このような靭 帯の再付着は、たとえば、膝又は肘の処置において生じる。II&合糸を骨に固 着するには、これまで各種のアンカーが用いられてきた。これらのアンカーは概 して生体親和性のステンレス鋼又は同様の無腐食性金属でできている。縫合糸を アンカーに取り付膠す、アンカーを骨に挿入する1通常、従来技術におけるアン カーは、これに縫合糸を簡単に取り付けることができず、十分な取付は強度を与 えるためにセメントが必要である。
裂けた靭帯を骨に再付着する必要が生じた場合、その裂けた端部を骨に固着して 、靭帯が骨本体内で成長し。
それ自身が骨に再付着できるように近くに位置させなければならない、[々の従 来技術は、空間的な制限のある部位で使うtこは不適切である。アンカーを骨内 にuRするために必要とされる手法も、また、空+1tl的な制限のある部位で アンカーが作動する能力に反映している。骨アンカーが、@帯を元の部位に付着 するための配置に不適切であれば、好適な空間を有する近くの部位を使用しなけ ればならない、縫合糸の固着が靭帯の元の位置に近いほど、身体力学にとってよ り良好である。従来の器具の股計上の制限により、縫合糸アンカーの最適なia W力弓曜限を受け、tR帯の効串的な取り付けがなされていなかった。
発明の概要 本発明の一態様を簡単に説明すると1m合糸を骨に固着するために有用なカニユ ーレ型骨ネジ(cannulated bone screw)が提供される・ カニユーレ型骨ネジは近位端と遠位端のある生体親和性本体(biocompa tible body)からなる。
この本体には、カニユーレ型骨ネジを骨内に挿入して保持するための外部ネジ山 がある9本体は、またそれを通って延びる通路を画定し、この通路は中央部と遠 位部がらなっている。中央部は縫合糸を受容する寸法であり。
遠位部は縫合糸の結び目端を受容する大きさである。中央部は遠位部より小さく 、中央部は縫合糸が通るのに十分に大きいが、結び目が引っ張られて抜けない程 度に小さくなっている。さらに1本体には、これを回転して骨中にねじ込むため の外部のドライバー工具とi@偽する手段を画定している。
本発明の目的は、縫合糸を骨ネジにfi!lff1に取り付けることにある0本 発明のもう一つの目的は、靭帯が付いていた元の位置に近い骨に縫合糸を固着す るためのカニユーレ型骨ねじを提供することにある0本発明の更に別の目的は、 その本体が円筒形であフて、軸方向に通路が貫通している中実軸を有する骨ネジ を提供することにある。
本発明の更なる目的および利点は、以下に述べる好適な実施11様の説明から明 らかになるであろう。
図面の簡単な説明 図1は1本発明によって構成されている自己タッピング式カニユーレ型骨ネジの 側面図である。
図2は、図1の2−2線を矢印の方向から見た本発明の骨ネジの側断面図である 。
図3は、図1の骨ネジの遠位端立面図である。
図4は1図1の骨ネジの近位端立面図である。
図5は、外部のドライバーを用いて骨本体中へ挿入した状態の本発明の骨ネジを 示す新面図である。
図6は、図5の骨ネジと管本体の新面図であり、さらに縫合糸が外へ延びている 自由端を示したものである。
好適な実施態様の説明 本発明のg理を理解することを助ける目的として1本発明の好適な実施態様を参 照し、具体的な用語を用いて説明を行う、しかし、これによって本発明の−t1 回が:レリ限を受けることを意図するものではなく1本発明に関連する当業者が 通常考えつく変形、変更、さらに本発明の原理の適用は当然制限を受けない。
本発明のカニユーレ型骨ネジは、[単で、より確実な方法で縫合糸の取り付けを 行う、たとえば、このカニユーレ型骨ネジは靭帯が骨についていた元の位置の近 くに縫合糸を固着するため使用することができ、医師の処置時間を節約する。縫 合糸には予め結び目をつくっておき。
骨ネジ内に通しておいて外部のドライバーに成金させればよく、こうしておけば 整形外科医は単にネジを骨中に固着して、縫合糸をIvl帯に取り付けるだけで よい。
図1および図2を参照すると、好ましいカニユーレ型骨ネジ11が示されている 。カニユーレ型骨ネジは、近位Ia15と遠位端17を有する生体親和性本体1 3からなる。外部ネジ山19が本体上にあり、これが本体を骨内に挿入し。
保持するために用いられている0図1で示されているように、3個のフラット2 0が本体13に長手方向に切りこまれている。各フラットには放射状の面21と 直角をなす底面22がそれぞれ1つずつついている。切刃は放射状の面に位置し ている(図3)。
本体は一般的には、生体親和性材料、典型的には金属で形成されている。好まし い材料はTl−6AL−4V ELIであり、^STM F 13Bの規格に適 合する0本体の表面は、好ましくはガラスピーズによるブラスト処理をして、チ タニウムニッケルコーティングされる。この材料は生体親和性で、ヒトの骨への 埋植に適している。所要の引張り特性を持ち、人体への使用認可を得ている他の 生体親和性材料が当該技術では公知であり、これらも同様に使用できる。
通路23が本体13を通って延び、これには中央部24と遠位部25がある。遠 位部は縫合糸の結び目27を受容する大きさである。中央部24は縫合糸を受容 する大きさとしている。しかし、中央部24は縫合糸の結び目27が抜けないよ うに遠位部25よりは十分に小さくなフている。
縫合糸をカニユーレ型骨ネジに取り付けるM単かつ効果的方法が提供される。縫 合糸はカニユーレ型骨ネジの通路23を通りぬけ、この通路の遠位端がら延びる 縫合糸端に結び目を作る。その後、縫合糸を近位部から引き出すが、結び目は中 央部に当たるところまで遠位部を通って前進する。中央部は結び目の大きさより 小さい新面を有し、結び目が通路を通れないようにして、したがって縫合糸が固 着される。
本体は、さらに本体を回転するための外部のドライバー工具と協動する手段を画 定し、それによって本体を骨中にねじ込む、好適な実施態様では、外部のドライ バー工具と協動する手段は六角形状の近位凹部31である。これに相当する外部 の六角ドライバー51が六角形状の新面45に厩舎する(図41図5参照)、外 部のドライバー工具と陽動するためには他の種々な手段もまた提供される。
たとえば、ドライバーの平坦な・\ンド、即ちブイリップストライバーのヘッド に合う溝を設けることもでき、あるいは回転軸をカニユーレ型骨ネジに連結する 他の適切な手段を設けてもよい。
カニユーレ型骨ネジの好適な実施態様では、自己タッピング式外部ネジ山を使用 して、カニユーレ型骨ネジを骨に固着するための方法を簡単にし、そして縫合糸 を骨に固着する。自己タフピングネジ山は、適切なサイズの骨ドリルによってあ けた孔にカニユーレ型骨ネジを嵌めて固着するように紋針しである1代替の実施 態様では。
骨への穿孔とタッピングを併せて行うことが可能なヘッドを使ってもよい。
図3と図4を参照すると、カニユーレ型骨ネジの遠位端と近位端の立面図が示さ れている。3個のフラット20が本体13の長手方向に切り込まれていて、およ そ120度の間隔で位置している(図1参照)、これらのフラットは3つのネジ 山を深く切り込み、カニユーレ型骨ネジの遠位端に達している。各フラットには 放射状の而21と底部の直径33をも有する垂直状の底面22が1つずつある。
放射状の面にはそれぞれ切刃となるエツジが付いている。
遠位部図は中央部直径35と遠位部直径37を示す、中央部直径35は遠位部直 径37より実質的に小さい、この直径差により、結び目をつけた縫合糸の結び目 が遠位端を通りぬけるようにして縫合糸を通路を通して引っ張ったと°きに、縫 合糸の結び目が骨ネジ先端内部で保持されるようにしている。中央部直径35は 縫合糸が通るには十分大きいが、結び目27が引き抜かれることを防ぐように十 分小さい、#&合糸の自由fiC図6)は通路の近位端から引き出して結び目が 中央部35に当たるまで引っ張り、その位置でしっかり保持する。傾斜部39が 、′a位部と中央部の間に形成され、縫合糸29から引っ張りが結び目に与えら れると結び目27(図2)を圧縮するように鋤<、結び目が圧縮されると加わっ ていた力が消散し、切開抵抗が加わる。
図4は、骨ネジ11の近位端の正面図を示す、この図は、中央部直径35.近位 部直径41、中央部と近位部の間の傾斜部43を示している。外部の駆動工具( drive tool)と協動する手段としては、好ましい六角形状の断面が示 されている。六角形状の断面45は寸法47で、これが嵌合する六角ドライバー (hex−d rivx’er)に相当しており、カニユーレ型骨ネジを回転さ せるために使用される(図5)。
図5と図6を参照すると、カニユーレ型骨ネジ11を骨49中に固着した状態を 示している0図5は、外部の六角ドライバー51をカニユーレ型骨ネジ11の近 位端内に挿入して骨49中にねじ込んだ状態である。結び目27も示しである。
外部の六角ドライバー51には溝を設けて縫合糸をカニユーレ型骨ネジとドライ バーの間を通るようにしてもよく、あるいは孔あるいは通路を設けて、骨ネジな 骨中へねじ込みながら、縫合糸をドライバー内に保持しておいてもよい0代替の 実施態様として、近位端部門部が長手方向の芯を備えており、縫合糸29が溝と 外部の六角ドライバーとの間を通るようにしてもよい。
図6では、カニユーレ型骨ネジ11を骨49内に固着し、結び目27を通路の中 央部によって保持し、縫合糸29の自由端を靭帯又は他の適切なa遺体と連結で きるよう解剖学的に位置決めする状態を示している。
本発明を図面と上記記載において詳細に説明したが。
上記説明は例示的なものであってその特質において限定的なものではないと考え るべきであり、好ましい実施態様のみが示され記載されており1本発明の請神に 逸脱しない限り、上記説明の変更および修正は保護されることが望ましいと理解 されるべきである。
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Claims (11)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 1.縫合糸を骨に固着するための有用なカニューレ型骨ネジにおいて、 近位端および遠位端を有する生体親和性本体を備え、この生体親和性本体に、こ れを骨に挿入しかっ保持するための外部ネジ山を設け、 前記生体親和性本体に、これを貫通する通路を設け、この通路に、中央部と遠位 部とを設け、この中央部は貫通する縫合糸を受け入れる大きさであり、前記遠位 部は縫合糸の結び目を受け入れる大きさであり、前記中央部は前記遠位部より小 さく、前記中央部は貫通する縫合糸を受け入れるのに十分に大きいが、縫合糸の 結び目が通りぬけないように十分に小さくなっており、前記本体はさらに、この 本体を回転することにより、この本体を骨内に駆動するための外部の駆動工具と 協動するための手段をにえている、カニューレ型骨ネジ。
  2. 2.前記本体が自己タッピング式外部ネジ山を画定する請求項1記載のカニュー レ型骨ネジ。
  3. 3.前記本体が円筒形であり、中央軸を有し、かつ軸方向にそれを通って延びる 請求項1記載のカニューレ型骨ネジ。
  4. 4.前記該本体が自己タッピング式外部ネジ山を備えている請求項3記載のカニ ューレ型骨ネジ。
  5. 5.外部のピ駆動工具と協動するための前記手段が、外部の駆動工具を受け入れ るように構成された近位凹部からなる請求項1記載のカニューレ型骨ネジ。
  6. 6.前記近位凹部の大ささが通路の中央部より大さく、前記近位凹部が、外部の 六角ドライバーと協動する六角形状の断面を備えている請求項5記載のカニュー レ型骨ネジ。
  7. 7.前記本体が自己タッピング式外部ネジ山を備えている請求項5記載のカニユ ーレ型骨ネジ。
  8. 8.記請本体が円筒形であり、中央軸線を持ち、かつ軸線方向に貫通する遁路を 備えている請求項5記載のカニューレ型骨ネジ。
  9. 9.前記本体が自己タッピング式外部ネジ山を備えている請求項8記載のカニュ ーレ型骨ネジ。
  10. 10.前記近位凹部の大きさが通路の中央部より大きく、前記近位凹部が、外部 の六角ドライバーと協動する六角形状の断面を備えている請項9記載のカニュー レ型骨ネジ。
  11. 11.骨に縫合糸を取り付ける方法において、a.近位端および遠位端をもつ生 体親和性本体を備えた骨ネジであって、この本体は骨に押入し保持するための外 部ネジ山を持ち、前記本体に、これを貫通するは通路を設けてあり、前記通路に は中央部と遠位部があり、前記中央部は貫通する縫合糸を受け入れる大きさにな っており、前記遠位部は縫合糸の結び目を受け入れる大きさであり、前記中央部 は前記遠位部より小さく、前記中央部は貫通する縫合糸を受け入れるのに十分に 大きいが、縫合糸の結び目が通りぬけないように十分に小さくなっており、前記 本体はさらに、この本体を回転することにより、この本体を骨内に駆動するため の外部の駆動工具と協動するための手段を備えている骨ネジを提供する段階と、 b.前請縫合糸を前記遠位端から前記骨ネジの本体の通路に通す段階と、 c.この通路の前記遠位端から延びる縫合糸に結び目をつくる段階と、 d.前記骨ネジの近位端から前記縫合糸を引き出すことにより、前記結び目が小 さい断面積を有する中央部に接触するまで遠位部内に引き入れることにより、前 記結び目が通り抜けないようにする段階と、e.前記骨ネジを骨内に挿入する段 階と、を包含する方法。
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WO1993015666A1 (en) 1993-08-19
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