JPH0739949A - Surface shape transfer method and device by detonation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the surface shape transfer method and device by detonation capable of transferring microruggedness and suppressing required energy even if a member to be worked is an extremely thin sheet. CONSTITUTION:This transfer device has a combustion chamber 1 which has the sectional area decreasing from one end 1A toward the other end 1B, a firing chamber 4 which receives the supply of fuel and is arranged with an ignition plug 5, plural induction paths 2 of equal distances which branch and extend from the firing chamber 4 to one end 1A of the combustion chamber 1, a pressure chamber 12 which is connected to the opening of the other end 1B, i.e., the min. passage sectional area part of the combustion chamber 1 and houses a pressure medium therein and a working chamber 13 which is communicated with the pressure chamber 12. The surface shape transfer device is constituted by housing a mold 16 which supports the member P to be worked and to receive a pressure via a film body or directly and has a microrugged shape on the surface into the working chamber 13. The pressure chamber 12 is worked of the sectional shape which is the same from upstream down to downstream.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for transferring a surface shape by detonation capable of easily obtaining a high impact hydraulic pressure or elastic pressure, and an apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Small irregularities (for example, irregularities having a size of about 1/2 of the plate thickness) on a plate material which is a work member by a conventional press molding machine.
However, there is a problem in that it is difficult to manufacture and modify a die (a punch and a die), and it takes time to align the die.

On the other hand, if an attempt is made to similarly transfer minute irregularities with a general hydraulic press, it is difficult to obtain sufficient transferability because the surface pressure applied to the workpiece is low.

By the way, it is conceivable to apply a processing method in which an impact hydraulic pressure is applied to the other surface of a member to be processed, such as a plate material, one surface of which is supported by a molding die, to transfer fine unevenness. In this case, it is preferable that the processing is performed under an extremely high pressure for a moment.

An impact hydraulic pressure generation technique is known as an impact high pressure generation method, which is relatively close to the technique for obtaining the impact high pressure for the above-mentioned processing which is the subject of the present invention. For example, a bullet is driven into a liquid such as water for pressurization to generate an impact hydraulic pressure in the liquid, the pressure is applied to a member such as a plate material, and the member is pressed into a mold to form a three-dimensional molding. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-157725
Impact hydraulic pressure generator as proposed in No. 1, which generates impact hydraulic pressure by burning explosives in water,
Molding device that performs three-dimensional molding of thin plates with that pressure, and further, impact hydraulic pressure is generated by colliding a piston accelerated at high speed by gas pressure, etc. with the liquid surface of the pressurizing liquid contained in the container There is a device that makes it possible.

However, in these devices,
The shape or size of the hydraulic chamber must be determined in consideration of the behavior of the energy source (explosive, high-speed projectile), the degree of freedom is considerably small, the pressure duration is long, and In addition to common problems such as simultaneous application of impact pressure over a wide range, risk of installation, restrictions on installation location or consideration of safety, etc., there are also unique problems. .

Therefore, as a solution to these problems, the applicant proposed a molding apparatus using detonation hydraulic pressure disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-371327.

In this device, the combustion chamber has an inverted conical shape, and the cross-sectional area is set to gradually decrease from one end as the flame progresses, and the other end has a converging portion having a minimum cross-sectional area. The liquid surface of the hydraulic chamber faces the opening formed at the other end. As the flame in the combustion chamber progresses, the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber becomes smaller, so the pressure rises, and the pressure at the other end becomes extremely high. This high pressure is converted into the hydraulic pressure of the liquid in the hydraulic chamber. Then, a processing chamber having a mold is provided in the hydraulic chamber, and a member to be processed such as a plate material is arranged on the mold. Then, in this apparatus, the member to be processed is pressed against the mold to perform the processing. The liquid pressure chamber may be an elastic pressure chamber having a rubber-like elastic body instead of the liquid.

[0009]

However, in the case of transferring the fine irregularities by the above-mentioned press molding machine or hydraulic press, there are problems that the manufacturing period of the mold is long and the cost is high. Further, when the impact molding method is applied to transfer the ultra-thin plate, the rigidity of the material itself is low, so that there is a problem that the transfer property deteriorates due to rebound during molding.

Further, since the space in which the member to be processed is placed (particularly between the member to be processed and the mold) is transferred in a vacuum state, if the transfer surface has a sharp shape, after transfer, When the processing chamber is opened to the atmosphere, the processed product (the member to be processed after transfer) and the mold are in close contact with each other, which makes it difficult to peel them off.
Further, in the case of transferring a minute uneven shape, since the processing amount (deformation amount and processing area) is small, most of the impact high pressure acts on the structure supporting the mold, and excessive force may be applied to the device. is there. However, if the impact pressure is higher than a certain level,
It is difficult to secure transferability such as bottom R. These problems result from the fact that most of the impact energy applied to the work piece is reflected on the work surface and only part of it is used for the work.

That is, in the above-described conventional detonation hydraulic pressure molding apparatus, as shown in FIG. 7, the pressure chamber 51 is formed so that its cross-sectional area gradually expands toward the workpiece P on the die. Therefore, when the pressure wave 53 having a high pressure in the converging portion 52 of the combustion chamber collides with the workpiece P as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C and is repeatedly reflected, a shock pressure is applied to the workpiece P. , Each time the reflection occurs, the inner walls of the expanded pressure chambers interfere with each other, and the impact pressure thereof is rapidly attenuated as shown in FIG. In other words, the energy is not used effectively and therefore the initial impact pressure has to be very high in order to obtain sufficient working pressure.

The present invention solves the problems associated with such conventional methods and apparatuses, and provides a surface shape transfer method and apparatus by detonation, which has good transferability and is capable of easily and inexpensively transferring minute unevenness shapes. It is intended to be provided.

[0013]

According to the present invention, the above object relates to a surface shape transfer method, in which a detonation wave generated by igniting a combustible air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber is converged with its progress, and a converging section is formed. The high pressure obtained in step 1 is transmitted to a pressure medium composed of a liquid or an elastic body directly or via an exchangeable medium to convert into a hydraulic pressure or an elastic pressure, and by the hydraulic pressure or the elastic pressure, a workpiece is directly or indirectly processed. In the surface shape transfer method by detonation, in which the member is pressed against a mold having a fine uneven surface, and the fine uneven surface is transferred to the member to be processed, a reinforcing plate is arranged on the pressure medium side surface of the member to be processed. This is achieved by removing the reinforcing plate after the transfer processing.

Further, regarding an apparatus for carrying out the above method, a combustion chamber having a smaller cross-sectional area from one end to the other end, an ignition chamber in which fuel is supplied and an ignition plug is arranged, and ignition is performed. A plurality of guide passages that branch out from the chamber and communicate with one end of the combustion chamber, and are connected to an opening at the other end that is the minimum passage cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber, and accommodate a pressure medium inside. A pressure chamber and a processing chamber that communicates with the pressure chamber are provided. The processing chamber supports a member to be processed that receives pressure through a film body or directly, and accommodates a mold having fine irregularities on the surface. In the surface shape transfer device by the detonation, the pressure chambers have the same sectional shape from upstream to downstream.

[0015]

In the method of the present invention, the pressure obtained by the detonation is converged and becomes a high-pressure impact pressure, which is propagated to the pressure chamber and reaches the workpiece through the pressure medium. The member to be processed is subjected to the high-pressure impact pressure, and is pressed against the minute concave-convex transfer molding die to perform the transfer. At this time, when the member to be processed is an ultra-thin plate, rigidity is increased by stacking the reinforcing plates to suppress the rebound from the forming die and prevent local destruction. In addition, in the case of the above-mentioned ultra-thin plate, it may bite strongly into the mold, so at that time, after transfer, air etc. should be sent under pressure between the processed product and the mold to float the processed product from the molding die. Can be taken out easily.

In the apparatus of the present invention, the pressure chamber has the same cross-sectional shape at any position in the traveling direction of the pressure wave, and the reflected wave is difficult to attenuate. Therefore, the impact high pressure effectively acts as a repeated processing pressure. Therefore, the detonation pressure in the combustion chamber may be lower than the conventional one.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a processing chamber of the apparatus of FIG. The apparatus of the present embodiment has a combustion chamber 1, and the combustion chamber 1 has an inverted conical shape that narrows downward, and the passage cross-sectional area in the cross section is maximum at the upper end 1A and minimum at the lower end 1B. It is designed to form a converging portion.

The inner wall of the upper end 1A of the combustion chamber 1 is curved slightly upward, and a plurality of hole-shaped guide passages 2 communicate therewith. The plurality of guide paths 2 are converged at the upper side into a disk-shaped dispersion chamber 3. An ignition chamber 4 extending upward is connected to the dispersion chamber 3 so as to communicate therewith. An ignition plug 5 which is operated by an ignition device 6 is provided above the ignition chamber 4, and a fuel supply source 9 and an oxidant supply source 10 are connected via flowmeters 7 and 8, respectively. . In addition, 11 is a pressure gauge for confirming the pressure in the ignition chamber 4.

A lower end portion 1B of the combustion chamber 1 is opened, a pressure chamber 12 is connected to the lower end portion 1B, and a processing chamber 13 for using an impact pressure is provided immediately below the pressure chamber 12. The pressure chamber 12 has a tubular shape and is formed so that the cross section at any position in the vertical direction is the same. The pressure chamber 12 contains a liquid or an elastic body as a pressure medium. The upper end surface of the pressure medium may directly face the lower end portion 1B of the combustion chamber 1 as shown in the figure, or the interface may be formed by a tough and deformable film body.

A molding die 16 is housed inside the processing chamber 13 in a replaceable manner, and the surface of the molding die 16 is formed with minute irregularities for transfer. If necessary, the processing chamber 13 can hold the peripheral edge of the plate material or the like P as a workpiece to be transferred between the pressure chamber 12 and, for example, both flanges. A vacuum pump device 1 for penetrating the molding die 16 to create a vacuum in the space between the molding die 16 and the workpiece P in the processing chamber 13.
7 is connected. The vacuum pump device 17 is also connected to the ignition chamber 4 described above. Further, a pressurizing device 20 for sending air under pressure to the void on the mold 16 is also connected via a three-way valve 19.

In the apparatus of this embodiment, the generation of high-pressure elastic pressure and the micro-relief transfer processing using this are performed as follows.

First, the plate material P to be processed is set on the forming die 16. When the plate material P is an ultrathin plate and there is a sharp portion in the transfer shape, as shown in FIG.
It is desirable to dispose a reinforcing plate 22 having an appropriate thickness on the above. In addition, in order to facilitate separation of the reinforcing plate and the plate material after processing, a thinning agent such as a liquid may be applied thinly to the boundary surface between them.

Next, the vacuum pump device 17 brings the ignition chamber 4, the dispersion chamber 3, the guide passage 2 and the combustion chamber 1 to a predetermined vacuum degree. At the same time, the three-way valve 19 is switched to vacuum, and the space between the molding die 16 and the plate material P is also sucked so as to have a predetermined degree of vacuum.

After that, the pressure chamber 12 is filled with a liquid or an elastic body, and in the ignition chamber 4, the dispersion chamber 3, the guide passage 2 and the combustion chamber 1, a combustible gas having a substantially theoretical mixing ratio is supplied to the fuel supply source. 9, filled with the oxidant supply source 10.

After the setting is completed, the ignition devices 6 simultaneously activate the spark plugs 5. Detonation occurs due to ignition in the ignition chamber 4, and the flame is propagated to the upper end 1A of the combustion chamber 1 through the dispersion chamber 3 and the guide passage 2. At this time, since the path lengths of the plurality of taxiways 2 are set equal to each other, the flames of the plurality of taxiways 2 are simultaneously set at the upper end portion 1
Reach A.

In the combustion chamber 1, the flame progresses from the upper end portion 1A to the lower end portion 1B, but since the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber 1 gradually decreases downward, its pressure rises and at the lower end portion 1B. It becomes extremely high pressure.

Since the upper end surface of the pressure medium in the pressure chamber 12 faces the opening of the lower end portion 1B of the combustion chamber 1, the high pressure is propagated to the pressure medium and directly or through the film body. Then, the plate material P is transferred to the molding die 16 of the processing chamber 13 by applying an equal pressure. The high-pressure pressure wave 21 in the pressure chamber 12 is propagated toward the workpiece P as shown in FIG. 3, but after reaching the workpiece P, as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C. Repeated reflection on the workpiece P each time
Apply impact pressure to. Since the pressure chamber has a cylindrical shape and the cross-sectional shape is the same everywhere, the impact pressure has almost no interference on the side wall surface of the pressure chamber in the progress of the pressure wave, and does not sharply attenuate after the second time as shown in FIG. Therefore, the impact pressure effective for processing repeatedly and continuously acts on the workpiece P.

In the above-mentioned transfer step, when the member P to be processed is an extremely thin plate, the reinforcing plate 22 makes it difficult for cracks to occur even in a sharp shaped portion having a large degree of processing.

After that, the three-way valve 19 is switched to pressurization and air is pressure-fed by the pressurizing device 20 between the molding die 16 and the member P to be processed, and then the plate material P as a transfer product is taken out and By repeating the steps from
Products can be processed one after another.

Next, a second embodiment device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those of the apparatus of the previous embodiment shown in FIG.

In the present embodiment, the combustion chamber 1'is formed in a horizontal shape that expands in the radial direction. The combustion chamber 1'has a shape in which the cross-sectional area decreases toward the center by the upper wall surface of a part of a substantially spherical surface which bulges downward.

According to the apparatus of this embodiment, it is convenient when the size of the apparatus cannot be increased. The operation is the same as in the case of the previous embodiment, and after the flame reaches the peripheral portion 1'A which is one end of the combustion chamber 1'from the guide passage 2, it goes toward the central portion 1'B which is the other end. proceed. In the process, the pressure becomes extremely high as the cross-sectional area decreases. Then, the high pressure is propagated to the pressure medium in the pressure chamber 12, and the processing chamber 13
Then, the plate material P is pressed against the transfer mold 16 to perform transfer processing.

In the present invention, since the pressure wave is less likely to be attenuated even after repeated reflection, these reflected waves can be effectively utilized for transfer molding, and therefore the first impact pressure, that is, the detonation pressure can be obtained by the conventional method. Need not be higher than
By the way, in the case of the device of the present invention, despite the high ultimate pressure, its duration is extremely short (up to several tens of μ at the longest).
Therefore, it is not necessary to use a mold as a transfer mold, and a relatively soft material that is easy to engrave can be manufactured.
For example, in the case of transferring a minute uneven shape on the surface of a ready-made article, it is possible to freeze the surface of the article with ice and use this as a mold, and transfer can be performed by an extremely inexpensive and easy method.

[0035]

As described above, according to the present invention, the minute irregularities are transferred to the work piece by the high impact pressure caused by the detonation. Therefore, in the method, the work piece is an extremely thin plate. It is also possible to transfer minute uneven shapes,
In the device, the required energy can be reduced and the device can be simplified.

That is, in the method of the present invention, by using the reinforcing plate for the ultra-thin plate, compared to the conventional method, transfer can be performed without causing local cracks and the impact pressure can be reduced. Since the level depends on the initial filling gas pressure of the detonation device, it has excellent pressure controllability, and it is possible to easily set appropriate transfer conditions according to the size and shape of the workpiece. .

Further, in the device of the present invention, the pressure chamber is formed into a tubular shape, and the reflection of impact high pressure is effectively utilized.
Predetermined processing can be performed by stacking microdeformations a plurality of times, and accordingly, maximum pressure can be kept low and processing with excellent transferability can be performed. Also, unlike the conventional bullet driving type and explosive type, no explosive is used, so the device is not restricted by the setting, and if the method of transmitting the pressure wave to the processed member through the film body is adopted, There is also an effect that handling of a member to be processed is facilitated, continuous processing can be performed, and it can be diverted to a mass production system.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a first embodiment device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a processing chamber of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing how a pressure wave propagates in a pressure chamber of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing how a pressure wave is reflected in a pressure chamber of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing how the repeated impact pressure applied to the member to be processed by the apparatus of FIG. 1 is attenuated.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a second embodiment device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing how a pressure wave propagates in a conical pressure chamber in a conventional device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing how a pressure wave is reflected in the pressure chamber of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing how the repeated impact pressure applied to the workpiece in the case of the pressure chamber of the apparatus of FIG. 7 is attenuated.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion chamber 1A One end 1B The other end 4 Ignition chamber 5 Spark plug 12 Pressure chamber 13 Processing chamber 16 Transfer mold 20 Pressure device 22 Reinforcement plate

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A detonation wave generated by igniting a combustible air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber is converged with its progress, and the high pressure obtained at the converging portion is formed of a liquid or an elastic body directly or through a medium capable of exchange. It is transmitted to a pressure medium and converted into a hydraulic pressure or an elastic pressure, and by the hydraulic pressure or the elastic pressure, the member to be processed is pressed onto a forming die having a fine uneven surface through the film body to form the above-mentioned member on the member to be processed. In a surface shape transfer method by detonation for transferring a minute uneven surface, a reinforcing plate is arranged on the surface of the member to be processed on the pressure medium side, and the reinforcing plate is removed after the transfer processing Method. 2. A combustion chamber having a smaller cross-sectional area from one end to the other end, an ignition chamber in which a spark plug is arranged for receiving a fuel supply, and one end of the combustion chamber branching from and extending from the ignition chamber. A plurality of guide passages having the same path length and communicating with the pressure chamber, a pressure chamber that is connected to the opening of the other end of the combustion chamber, which is the minimum passage cross-sectional area, and that accommodates a pressure medium therein, and a process that communicates with the pressure chamber In the surface shape transfer device by detonation, which comprises a chamber, which supports a member to be processed that receives pressure directly or through a film body in the processing chamber, and in which a mold having fine irregularities on the surface is housed, Detonation surface shape transfer device, characterized in that the pressure chamber has the same cross-sectional shape from upstream to downstream. 3. A pressurizing passage is formed in the molding die for injecting gas between the workpiece and the molding die after the transfer processing,
The detonation surface shape transfer device according to claim 2, wherein a pressurizing device is connected to the pressurizing passage.