JPH0768328A - Method and device for working surface treated material by detonation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily and inexpensively work a surface treated material with good accuracy by subjecting the peripheral edge of a surface treated material to molding while applying blank holding force of an equal pressure via a soft elastic material thereon. CONSTITUTION:The blank holding force of the equal pressure is applied by a blank holding cylinder 20 and a reinforcing block via the soft elastic material 19 on the peripheral edge of a plate material P. A film material 18 consisting of a ductile material or a lubricating oil is disposed between the plate material P and a die 16 when the surface treated surface of the plate material P comes into contact with the die 16. Molding is then executed by utilizing detonation. The peripheral edge of the plate material P is worked in the state of restraining the peripheral edge by a high pressure and in the state that a high water pressure or elastic pressure acts instantaneously on the plate material P and, therefore, the surface treated surface is not damaged even if the surface treated surface directly receives such water pressure or elastic pressure. The film material 18 is also disposed to prevent the direct contact of the surface treated surface with the die even if the surface treated surface comes into contact with the die 16 and, therefore, the surface treated surface is not damaged.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for forming a surface-treated material by using a detonation capable of easily obtaining a high impact hydraulic pressure or elastic pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a material, for example, a reflector for lighting, is manufactured by molding a material whose surface is treated by polishing, plating, vapor deposition, coating, etc., it is manufactured by a punch or die mold like a press machine. Is almost impossible. Forming through a film is also conceivable, but it is easily scratched due to local friction. Generally, two or more steps are required because a material which has not been surface-treated is pressed and then surface-treated to obtain a product. Further, there are problems such as a decrease in reflectance due to uneven plate thickness that occurs during press working and a shift of the focus. Even in the surface treatment processing in the post process, it may not be possible depending on the shape.

On the other hand, in a forming process such as a hydraulic press in which a hydraulic pressure is applied to a work piece, the deformation speed of the work piece is slow due to static pressure, resulting in uneven plate thickness due to local friction. However, there are problems such as being prone to damage and taking a long time to process. Therefore, when the surface treatment material is molded by applying hydraulic pressure, it is preferable to apply impact hydraulic pressure at an extremely high pressure and instantaneously in order to prevent generation of flaws.

As a technique for obtaining an impact high pressure for such a molding process, an impact hydraulic pressure generation technique is known. For example, as in the technique disclosed in JP-A-1-157725, a bullet is driven into a liquid such as water for pressurization to generate an impact hydraulic pressure in the liquid, and the pressure is applied to a member such as a plate material. An impact hydraulic pressure generator that applies three-dimensional molding by pressing the member to a mold, a molding apparatus that generates an impact hydraulic pressure by burning explosive in water, and performs three-dimensional molding of a thin plate by the pressure, Is a device in which an impact hydraulic pressure is generated by causing a piston accelerated at high speed by gas pressure or the like to collide with the liquid surface of a pressurizing liquid contained in a container.

However, in these devices,
The shape or size of the hydraulic chamber must be determined in consideration of the behavior of the energy source (explosive charge, high-speed projectile), the degree of freedom is considerably small, the duration of pressure is long, and the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber is relatively small. There are common problems such as simultaneous application of impact pressure over a wide range, restriction of installation site or consideration of safety due to danger, as well as problems unique to each technology. . Therefore, as a solution to these problems, the applicant has proposed a molding device by detonation hydraulic pressure disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-371327.

In this apparatus, the combustion chamber has an inverted conical shape, and the cross-sectional area is set to gradually decrease from one end as the flame progresses, and the other end has a converging portion having a minimum cross-sectional area. The liquid surface of the hydraulic chamber faces the opening formed at the other end. As the flame in the combustion chamber progresses, the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber becomes smaller, so the pressure rises, and the pressure at the other end becomes extremely high. This high pressure is converted into the hydraulic pressure of the liquid in the hydraulic chamber. Then, a processing chamber having a mold is provided in the hydraulic chamber, and a member to be processed such as a plate material is arranged on the mold. Then, in this apparatus, the workpiece is pressed into a molding die having a three-dimensional shape to be molded into a predetermined shape. The liquid pressure chamber may be an elastic pressure chamber having a rubber-like elastic body instead of the liquid.

[0007]

However, when the surface treatment material is processed by using the above apparatus, at least in the case where the surface treatment surface faces the mold side, the surface treatment material collides with the mold to cause scratches. Get stuck. Further, even in the processing in which the surface-treated surface is in contact with the pressure medium, unless the peripheral portion of the material is loaded with an appropriate force (wrinkle pressing force), wrinkles occur and it is difficult to form an accurate shape.

Further, in the conventional wrinkle holding mechanism, the work and the wrinkle holding jig are brought into direct contact with each other during the forming process, and the work is pressed and pressed with a pressure such that cracks do not occur. There is also a problem in that slippage occurs between the workpiece and the work piece, which causes flaws in the work piece.

The present invention solves the problems associated with the above-mentioned conventional methods, and is a method of processing a surface-treating material by detonation, which enables the surface-treating material to be processed accurately, easily and inexpensively. The purpose is to provide a device.

[0010]

A method for processing a surface-treating material by detonation according to the present invention is a film capable of directly or exchanging impact high pressure due to convergent detonation generated by igniting a combustible mixture in a combustion chamber. A method of transmitting impact to a pressure medium through the body to generate impact hydraulic pressure or elastic pressure, and performing molding processing of the surface treatment material by this hydraulic pressure or elastic pressure, in which the peripheral portion of the surface treatment material is passed through a soft elastic body. Molding is performed while applying a constant pressure wrinkle holding force. Further, in the forming process by the detonation, the forming process is performed by disposing the surface-treated surface of the single-sided surface-treated material in contact with the pressure medium.

Further, in the apparatus for processing a surface treatment material by detonation according to the present invention, a combustion chamber having a smaller cross-sectional area from one end to the other end, and an ignition chamber in which fuel is supplied and an ignition plug is arranged. A plurality of guide paths that branch out from the ignition chamber and communicate with one end of the combustion chamber and have the same path length, and are connected to the opening of the other end that is the minimum cross section of the combustion chamber and have liquid or elasticity inside. A pressure chamber accommodating the body and a molding chamber communicating with the pressure chamber are provided, and a molding die for supporting a member to be molded which receives pressure directly through the film body is accommodated in the molding chamber. The molding apparatus using the detonation hydraulic pressure or the elastic pressure is provided with a wrinkle pressing mechanism that presses the peripheral edge of the molding target member during molding via a soft elastic body.

[0012]

When carrying out the processing method according to the present invention by using the apparatus for processing a surface treatment material by detonation according to the present invention, a crease presser for pressing the peripheral portion of the surface treatment material through a soft elastic body. The mechanism applies a constant pressure wrinkle holding force, and when the surface-treated surface of the surface-treated material hits the mold, a film made of lubricating oil or ductile material is placed between the surface-treated surface and the mold to prevent detonation. Perform molding using it.

When the molding process is performed in this manner, the peripheral edge of the work piece is processed in a state of being constrained by a high pressure, and the work is instantaneously applied with a high water pressure or elastic pressure. Even if the surface is directly subjected to these water pressure or elastic pressure, the surface-treated surface is not damaged. Further, even when the surface-treated surface hits the mold, since the film body made of lubricating oil or ductile material is arranged between the mold and the mold,
Since the surface-treated surface does not directly contact the mold, the surface-treated surface is not damaged by the mold.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A method and apparatus for processing a surface treatment material by detonation according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a first processing apparatus used when carrying out the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a mechanism for applying a wrinkle holding force when molding a surface-treated material.

This device has a combustion chamber 1, which has an inverted conical shape that narrows downward, and the passage cross-sectional area in the transverse section is maximum at the upper end 1A and minimum at the lower end 1B. To form a converging portion.

The inner wall of the upper end portion 1A of the combustion chamber 1 is curved slightly upward, and a plurality of hole-shaped guide passages 2 communicate therewith. The plurality of guide paths 2 are converged at the upper side into a disk-shaped dispersion chamber 3. An ignition chamber 4 extending upward is connected to the dispersion chamber 3 so as to communicate therewith. An ignition plug 5 that is operated by an ignition device 6 is provided above the ignition chamber 4, and a fuel supply source 9 and an oxidant supply source 10 are connected via flowmeters 7 and 8, respectively. . In addition, 11 is a pressure gauge for confirming the pressure in the ignition chamber 4.

A lower end portion 1B of the combustion chamber 1 is opened, a pressure chamber 12 is connected to the lower end portion 1B, and a working / forming device 13 for using an impact pressure is provided immediately below the pressure chamber 12.
A liquid or an elastic body as a pressure medium is housed in the pressure chamber 12, and the surface in contact with the plate material P, which is a surface treatment material, may directly face the lower end portion 1B of the combustion chamber 1.
Further, the interface may be formed by a strong and deformable film body.

The mold 16 is housed inside the processing apparatus 13 in a replaceable manner. The processing device 13 can hold the peripheral edge of the plate material P or the like as the surface treatment material to be processed, for example, between the flanges of the pressure chamber 12 and the pressure chamber 12, if necessary. At this time, the surface of the surface of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is made to pass through the film body 18 made of lubricating oil or ductile material, and the soft elastic body 19 is provided at the periphery thereof.
Further, a constant pressure wrinkle pressing force is applied by the reinforcing block 19A. A vacuum pump device 17 is connected to the processing device 13 so as to penetrate the die 16 and communicate with the upper space thereof to form a vacuum in the space. The vacuum pump device 1
7 is also connected to the ignition chamber 4 described above.

In such an apparatus, high-pressure elastic pressure is generated, and processing using this is performed as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 2, a plate material P to be processed
Are set on the mold 16 via the film body 18. At this time, a wrinkle pressing force is applied to the peripheral portion of the plate material P by the hydraulic cylinder 20 and the reinforcing block 19A via the soft elastic body 19. Next, the vacuum pump device 17 brings the ignition chamber 4, the dispersion chamber 3, the guide passage 2 and the combustion chamber 1 to a predetermined vacuum degree. At the same time, the space between the mold 16 and the plate material P is also sucked so as to have a predetermined degree of vacuum.

After that, the pressure chamber 12 is filled with a liquid or an elastic body, and in the ignition chamber 4, the dispersion chamber 3, the guide passage 2 and the combustion chamber 1, a combustible gas having an approximately theoretical mixing ratio is added to the fuel. It is filled with the supply source 9 and the oxidant supply source 10. After completion of such setting, the ignition plugs 6 are simultaneously operated by the ignition chamber 6. Detonation occurs due to ignition in the ignition chamber 4, and the flame is propagated to the upper end 1A of the combustion chamber 1 through the dispersion chamber 3 and the guide passage 2. At this time, since the path lengths of the plurality of guideways 2 are set to be equal to each other, the flames of the plurality of guideways 2 simultaneously reach the upper end portion 1A.

In the combustion chamber 1, the flame progresses from the upper end portion 1A to the lower end portion 1B, but since the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber 1 is gradually reduced downward, the pressure thereof rises and at the lower end portion 1B, extremely. It becomes a high pressure. At the opening of the lower end 1B of the combustion chamber 1, the pressure chamber 1
Since the upper end surface of the pressure medium in 2 faces, the high pressure is propagated to the pressure medium, and the plate material P is directly or through the film body.
Is applied to the metal mold 16 of the processing device through the thin plate 18 with equal pressure to perform processing. After passing through such steps, the plate material as a processed product is taken out, and by repeating the above steps 1 to 3, the products can be processed one after another.

FIG. 3 shows a second processing apparatus used when carrying out the present invention. The same parts as those of the first processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, the combustion chamber 1'is formed in a horizontal shape that expands in the radial direction. The combustion chamber 1'has a shape in which its cross-sectional area decreases toward the center due to the upper wall surface of a part of a substantially spherical surface which bulges downward.

This second processing device is convenient when the size of the device cannot be increased. The operation is the same as in the case of the previous embodiment, after the flame reaches the peripheral portion 1'A which is one end of the combustion chamber 1'from the guide passage 2 and then toward the central portion 1'B which is the other end. proceed. In the process, the pressure becomes extremely high as the cross-sectional area decreases. Then, the high pressure is propagated to the pressure medium in the pressure chamber 12.

Also in this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the plate material P is placed on the die 16 of the processing apparatus 13 via the film body 18, and the soft elastic body 19 is interposed on the peripheral portion of the plate material P. Since the wrinkle holding force is applied by the hydraulic cylinder 20 and the molding process is instantaneously performed by the high pressure in such a state, the surface-treated surface is not damaged even when the surface-treated material is molded.

When it is necessary to mold the surface-treated surface of the one-sided surface-treated material facing the mold side, or when molding the double-sided surface-treated material, the surface-treated surface facing the mold and the metal mold are treated. By disposing a film made of lubricating oil or a ductile material between the mold and the mold, it is possible to further reduce the occurrence of flaws on the surface-treated surface.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, the surface-treated material is processed by the high impact pressure caused by the detonation, so that the surface-treated surface is not scratched and the processing accuracy is improved. Also significantly reduces the processing time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a first processing apparatus used when carrying out the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a method of applying a wrinkle pressing force when molding a surface treatment material.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a second processing apparatus used when carrying out the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion chamber 1A One end part 1B Other end part 4 Ignition chamber 5 Spark plug 12 Main pressure chamber 13 Processing device 16 Mold 18 Membrane body 19 Soft elastic body 19A Reinforcing block 20 Hydraulic cylinder P Surface treatment material (plate material)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An impact hydraulic pressure due to convergent detonation generated by igniting a combustible air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber is transmitted to a pressure medium directly or through a replaceable membrane to generate impact hydraulic pressure or elastic pressure. A method of forming a surface-treating material by hydraulic pressure or elastic pressure, characterized in that the peripheral portion of the surface-treating material is formed by applying a constant pressure wrinkle holding force through a soft elastic body. A method of processing surface-treated materials by using a rudder. 2. The method for processing a surface-treated material according to claim 1, wherein the surface-treated surface of the one-sided surface-treated material is arranged so as to contact the pressure medium and the molding process is performed. 3. A combustion chamber having a smaller cross-sectional area from one end to the other end, an ignition chamber in which a spark plug is arranged for receiving a fuel supply, and one end of the combustion chamber branching from the ignition chamber and extending. A plurality of guide passages having the same path length, a pressure chamber connected to the opening of the other end which is the minimum cross-section of the combustion chamber, and having a liquid or elastic body housed therein, and a molding communicating with the pressure chamber. In the molding device by detonation hydraulic pressure or elastic pressure, the chamber is provided with a mold for supporting a member to be molded which receives pressure through the film body or directly,
An apparatus for processing a surface-treating material by detonation, comprising a wrinkle holding mechanism for holding a peripheral edge of a member to be formed during forming through a soft elastic body.