JPH0557367A - Method and device for punching by detonation elastic pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To execute punching by converting gas pressure generated by detonation to elastic pressure and pressing a member to be worked against a die by the elastic pressure concerned. CONSTITUTION:A combustion chamber 1 is set so that a cross section of a flame becomes gradually small from one end part 1A as the flame advances, and on the other end part 1B, a converging part having the smallest cross section is formed, and an elastic pressure chamber 12 in which a rubber-like elastic body G is contained faces an opening of the other end part 1B. As the flame in the combustion chamber 1 advances, the cross section of the combustion chamber becomes smaller, therefore, pressure rises, and becomes extremely high pressure in the other end part 1B. This high pressure is transferred to the elastic body in the elastic pressure chamber 12. In the elastic pressure chamber 12, a working chamber 13 communicates therewith, and in the working chamber 13, a die 16 for punching for supporting a member P to be worked is contained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a punching method by a detonation pressure and a device therefor which can easily obtain a high impact pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid for working by applying hydraulic pressure to the other surface of a member to be molded, such as a plate material, one surface of which is supported by a die for punching, under a momentary but extremely high pressure. Several processing methods using pressure are known.

For example, first of all, a bullet is driven into a liquid such as water for pressurization to generate an impact hydraulic pressure in the liquid,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 01-157725 proposes an impact hydraulic pressure generating device that applies the pressure to a member to be processed such as a plate material and presses the member against a die for punching.

Secondly, there is also known an explosive processing apparatus for producing an impact water pressure by burning explosives in water, and pressing the plate material as a member to be processed into a die by the pressure to punch. .. This device is mainly used for processing large parts.

Further, thirdly, an impact hydraulic pressure is generated by causing a piston accelerated at high speed by gas pressure to collide with the liquid surface of the liquid for pressurization contained in the container,
There is also known an apparatus in which a member to be processed is pressed by a hydraulic pressure into a mold and punched. The device is used for processing relatively small parts.

[0006]

However, the methods of punching by impact hydraulic pressure by the above-mentioned first to third devices have common or unique problems as follows. .. 1. All or part of the inner wall of the container is directly exposed to high temperature and high pressure field. 2. Use dangerous and expensive explosives. 3. Make loud noises. 4. There is a risk that there are restrictions on the installation location. 5. It is difficult to significantly change the ultimate pressure. 6. Not suitable for repeated operation in a short time. 7. Large-scale equipment is required. 8. Moving parts such as pistons need to be replaced. 9. Due to the long duration of pressure, consideration must be given to pressure resistance design. 10. Solids, etc. should remain in the hydraulic chamber. 11. Due to the complicated structure of the device, it is difficult to perform maintenance and inspection. 12. Only one impact water pressure can be obtained with one shot.

That is, in the above first method, 1
.About.6,10,12, the second method has the drawbacks 1 to 7,9 to 12, and the third method has the drawbacks 1,8,9,11,12.

Further, among the conventional shock processing techniques,
It is known that an elastic film body such as rubber is provided on the pressure receiving surface of the work piece in addition to the above-mentioned hydraulic medium, and the work piece is deformed integrally with the work piece. However, the film body made of this elastic body is not for the purpose of propagating the processing pressure, but merely serves to relieve the local stress concentration at the time of processing, and since the film body is not fixed to the hydraulic chamber, There is a problem that the film body and the pressure medium will come out of the hydraulic chamber when the workpiece is taken out later.

The present invention provides a punching method by detonation pressure and a device therefor which solves the problems of the above-mentioned conventional techniques, is safe, can be repeatedly operated in a short time, and can handle combustion products easily. The purpose is to do.

[0010]

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned object is, first of all, regarding the punching method by detonation pressure, to defocus the detonation wave generated by igniting the combustible air-fuel mixture and to converge it. The high pressure obtained in the section is transmitted to a rubber-like elastic body directly or through a replaceable medium to be converted into elastic pressure, and the elastic force is used to press the member to be processed through the film body or directly into the punching die to punch. It is achieved by

Further, regarding an apparatus for carrying out the above method, a combustion chamber having a smaller cross-sectional area from one end to the other end, an ignition chamber in which fuel is supplied and an ignition plug is arranged, and ignition is performed. A plurality of guide paths that branch out from the chamber and communicate with one end of the combustion chamber and have the same path length, and a rubber-like elastic body that is connected to the opening of the other end that is the minimum cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber and is inside. It is provided with a compression chamber that can be accommodated and a processing chamber that communicates with the compression chamber, and the processing chamber is provided with a punching die that supports a workpiece to be subjected to the compression directly or through the film body. Be done.

[0012]

In the present invention, the punching process is performed in the following manner. First, the combustible chamber, the guide passage, and the ignition chamber, which can communicate with each other, are filled with a combustible mixed gas having a substantially theoretical mixing ratio. Next, ignition is performed in the ignition chamber. When ignited, the flame advances in the combustion chamber through the taxiway due to the detonation. At this time, since the respective guide paths have the same path length, the respective guide path flames simultaneously reach one end of the combustion chamber. In the combustion chamber, the flame propagates toward the other end,
Since the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber decreases toward the other end, the flame pressure rises and reaches the maximum value at the other end. Since a pressure chamber is connected to the opening at the other end and the liquid surface faces the opening, the pressure is transmitted to the liquid in the pressure chamber and further to the rubber-like elastic body. At this time, if a medium such as water is arranged near the inlet of the pressure chamber, the deterioration of the elastic body due to the high temperature in the combustion chamber can be prevented. The pressure of the elastic body in the elastic pressure chamber is punched by pressing the member to be processed on the mold directly or through the film body.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment device of the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a combustion chamber, which has a conical shape facing downward and has a maximum cross-sectional area at an upper end 1A and a minimum at a lower end 1B to form a converging portion.

The inner wall of the upper end 1A of the combustion chamber 1 is curved slightly upward, and a plurality of hole-shaped guide passages 2 communicate therewith. The plurality of guide paths 2 are focused on a dispersion space 3 in the form of a disk space at the top. An ignition chamber 4 extending upward is connected to the dispersion chamber 3 so as to communicate therewith. An ignition plug 5 that is operated by an ignition device 6 is provided above the ignition chamber 4, and a fuel supply source 9 and an oxidant supply source 10 are connected via flowmeters 7 and 8, respectively. .. In addition, 11 is a pressure gauge for confirming the pressure in the ignition chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 1.

A lower end portion 1B of the combustion chamber 1 is opened, a compression chamber 12 is connected to the lower end portion 1B, and a processing device 13 for using a compression pressure is provided immediately below the compression chamber 12. The elastic chamber 12 contains a liquid 18 such as water for avoiding direct contact of the high temperature and high pressure gas pressure with the rubber-like elastic body. The liquid level of the liquid 18 is as shown in the figure. Bottom edge 1
The surface may be directly facing B, or the intermediate surface may be formed of a strong and easily deformable film body. Further, a rubber-like elastic body is filled below the middle portion of the pressure chamber 12. Repression chamber 12
A pipe 14 for bleeding air is connected via a valve, and a liquid supply device 15 such as water for hydraulic pressure is connected via a valve. Further, as shown in the figure, a part of the elastic body G is detachable as required.

The processing apparatus 13 accommodates a mold 16 whose upper surface has a shape for processing in a replaceable manner. If necessary, the processing device 13 can hold the peripheral edge of the plate material P or the like as a processed member to be subjected to molding between the flange chambers 12 and, for example, both flanges. A vacuum pump device 17 is connected to the processing device 13 so as to penetrate the mold 16 and communicate with the upper space thereof to create a vacuum in the space. The vacuum pump device 17 is also connected to the ignition chamber 4 described above.

In the apparatus of this embodiment, the generation of high-pressure elastic pressure and the punching process using this are performed as follows. First, the plate material P to be punched is set on the die 16. Next, the vacuum pump device 17 brings the ignition chamber 4, the dispersion chamber 3, the guide passage 2 and the combustion chamber 1 to a predetermined vacuum degree. At the same time, the space between the mold 16 and the plate material P is also sucked so as to have a predetermined degree of vacuum. Thereafter, the upper portion of the suppression chamber 12 is filled with a liquid such as water, and the ignition chamber 4, the dispersion chamber 3, the guide passage 2 and the combustion chamber 1 are filled.
The fuel supply source 9 and the oxidant supply source 10 fill the inside with a combustible gas having a substantially theoretical mixing ratio. After completion of such setting, the ignition device 6 is used to set the spark plug 5
Operate. Detonation occurs due to ignition in the ignition chamber 4, and the flame is propagated to the upper end 1A of the combustion chamber 1 through the dispersion chamber 3 and the guide passage 2. At this time, since the path lengths of the plurality of taxiways 2 are set equal to each other, the plurality of taxiways 2
Of the flame reaches the upper end 1A at the same time. In the combustion chamber 1, the flame progresses from the upper end portion 1A to the lower end portion 1B, but since the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber 1 gradually decreases downward, its pressure rises and the lower end portion 1B shows an extremely high pressure. Become. At the opening of the lower end portion 1B of the combustion chamber 1, the compression chamber 1
Since the liquid surface of the liquid in 2 faces, the high pressure is propagated from the liquid surface into the liquid, and further the high pressure is propagated in the rubber-like elastic body G, and the plate material P is directly or through the film body. Kinetic energy is applied to the plate material P, and the plate material P collides with the mold of the processing apparatus to perform punching. After that, while taking out the plate material as a processed product,
By repeating the above steps (1) to (3), it is possible to perform processing one after another.

If a medium whose propagation characteristics change stepwise or continuously with respect to the propagation direction of the pressure wave is adopted as the medium contained in the compression chamber, the energy transmissivity from the combustion chamber to the compression chamber is further improved. Can be large.

Since the pressure chamber 12 and the processing chamber 13 are separated by the rubber-like elastic body G, the operation of the combustion chamber and the pressure chamber can be performed in parallel with the attachment / detachment of the processing chamber. Becomes

When hydrogen or a hydrocarbon fuel is used as the combustible gas, water is produced as a combustion product. Therefore, the water collected in the vicinity of the opening 1B should be used as it is as the liquid for the compression chamber. You can

Next, a second embodiment device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those of the apparatus of the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, the combustion chamber 1'is formed in a horizontal shape that expands in the radial direction. The combustion chamber 1'has a shape in which its cross-sectional area decreases toward the center by the upper wall surface of a part of a substantially spherical surface which bulges downward. On the upper wall surface, an appropriate number of grooves 1'C directed toward the center are radially formed,
The combustion chamber 1 ′ communicates with the compression chamber 12 at the center.

The apparatus of this embodiment is convenient when the size of the apparatus cannot be increased. The operation is the same as in the case of the previous embodiment, after the flame reaches the peripheral portion 1'A which is one end of the combustion chamber 1'from the guide path 2 and moves toward the central portion 1'B which is the other end. proceed. In the process, the pressure becomes extremely high as the cross-sectional area decreases. Then, the high pressure is propagated to the liquid in the repression chamber 12, and the processing device 13
Then, the plate material P is pressed against the die 16 and punching is performed.

[0025]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above,
Compared with the conventional method, this method can perform shock elastic processing that is cheaper, easier to start up and has excellent characteristics, and the impact elastic pressure level depends on the initial filling gas pressure of the detonation device. Therefore, the pressure controllability is excellent, and the effect that the appropriate condition can be easily set according to the dimension of the member to be processed is obtained.

Further, according to the device of the present invention, since no explosive is used unlike the conventional bullet driving type and explosive type, the device is not restricted by the setting, and the impact elastic pressure is continuously generated. It is possible to obtain the effect that it can be used for mass production system.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a first embodiment device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Combustion Chamber 1'Combustion Chamber 1A One end (upper end) 1'A One end (surrounding) 1B Other end (lower end) 1'B Other end (center) 2 Taxiway 4 Ignition chamber 5 Spark plug 12 Repression chamber 13 Processing chamber (processing device) 16 Punching die G Rubber-like elastic body P Worked member

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A detonation wave generated by igniting a combustible air-fuel mixture is converged as it progresses, and the high pressure obtained at the converging portion is transmitted to a rubber-like elastic body directly or through a replaceable medium. A punching method by detonation elastic pressure, which is to convert into elastic pressure and press the member to be processed through the film body or directly by the elastic pressure to a punching die. 2. A combustion chamber having a cross-sectional area that decreases from one end to the other end, an ignition chamber in which a spark plug is arranged to receive fuel, and an end of the combustion chamber that branches from the ignition chamber and extends. A plurality of guide passages having the same path length, a pressure chamber that is connected to the opening of the other end of the combustion chamber that is the minimum cross-sectional area and that accommodates a rubber-like elastic body inside, and that communicates with the pressure chamber. A punching device by detonation and depressurization force, wherein a punching die for supporting a member to be processed which receives elastic pressure through a film body is directly housed in the processing chamber. 3. The punching device by detonation pressure according to claim 2, wherein a medium whose pressure wave propagation characteristic changes stepwise or continuously is accommodated in a part or the whole of the pressure suppression chamber. 4. The punching device by detonation pressure according to claim 2, wherein a replaceable medium facing the opening of the combustion chamber is housed in the compression chamber. 5. The punching device by detonation pressure according to claim 2, wherein a part of the rubber-like elastic body in the compression chamber is removable. 6. The punching device by detonation pressure according to claim 2, wherein the rubber-like elastic body in the compression chamber is installed independently of the processing chamber.