JPH07246025A - Plant culture soil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a plant culture soil composed of a base for plant culture and medicinal plants, capable of promoting growth of plants and producing a high-quality agricultural product, free from causing roughness of the skin, excellent in handleability and productivity and suitable for an upland field, a paddy field, etc. CONSTITUTION:This plant culture soil is composed of (A) a base for plant culture containing one or more components selected from soil such as natural soil, humus soil such as terrestial humus soil, a farmyard manure material such as water-containing farmyard manure and a compost such as sludge compost and (B) a medicinal plant component prepared, e.g. by grinding DOKUDAMI (Houttuynia cordata), etc., heaping it up, allowing it to rot and aging it and has a granular dosage form of 0.1 to 25mm particle size.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a cultivation soil for plant cultivation, which is preferably used for upland fields (including those for fruit tree cultivation), paddy fields, greenhouse soils, cultivation soil for raising seedlings, potting soil or cultivation soil for bed cultivation. Is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a soil for cultivating plants such as agricultural crops, humus or a mixture of humus and natural soil has been mainly used. , I had to give water frequently, which was very annoying.

Therefore, recently, the following have been proposed. A granular culture soil composed of a mixture of powdered clay and a water-absorbent synthetic resin has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-279724).
Issue).

In addition, fine powder of fully-ripened compost or beet moss humic acid material and fine powder of aluminosilicate mineral having a permanent negative charge are used as main components, and fine powder of clay material, montmorillonite, and carboxy. A soil for crop cultivation has been proposed in which a binder made of any one of methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and lignin is added, and the mixture is kneaded and granulated (JP-A-62-79714).

Further, there has been proposed an artificial culture soil in which a surfactant is added to finely cut pieces of the skin layer of cedar and / or cypress (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-139215). And, in this case, it is disclosed that porous particles, vermiculite or a water retention material is further added to the artificial soil.

[0006]

However, the above-mentioned one is a mixture of powdered clay as a main component and a water-absorbent synthetic resin, but this lacks the nutrients necessary for plant growth, Fertilization is required.

In this case, not only the balance of the macronutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium or magnesium or the micronutrient elements such as chlorine, boron, iron, manganese, zinc or copper is taken into consideration, but also the nutrients are excessively added. It was necessary to consider the accompanying hyperconcentration.

Further, in the case of the culture soil composed of the powdered clay and the water-absorbent synthetic resin, the culture soil is hardened by the repeated watering and natural drying during the growth of the plant, resulting in the root growth. It does not necessarily be suitable for plant cultivation, because it hinders water penetration and impairs water penetration.

Particularly, in recent years, it has become extremely uneconomical to obtain powdered clay in large cities, and the price of powdered clay has soared.

The above-mentioned one uses ripe compost, but there is no concrete description about this ripe compost, but from the whole description, litter and fir shells were added to bedding or manure. It is understood that it is a composted product of normal materials.

Although such a fully-ripened compost is preferable for the growth of plants, it takes a long time to mature such ordinary materials and is extremely uneconomical. Was difficult to manufacture in the urban area.

Further, the fine powder of beet moss humic acid material is obtained by drying and crushing drainage peat, but it is strongly acidic as it is, so it is necessary to neutralize it by adding lime before use, and too much lime is added. This neutralization requires considerable care, as the increased alkalinity adversely affects plant growth.

The above-mentioned ones are mainly composed of finely chopped cedar and / or cypress skin layers.
Or, the shreds of the rind of cypress hinder the growth of plant roots because the fibers are intertwined.

In addition, since those having shredded cuticles of cedar and / or cypress as a main component lack the nutrients necessary for plant growth and require fertilization, they have the same problems as in the above case. .

Recently, due to the phytotoxicity and side effects of synthetic medicines, which are reported daily, the herbal medicines and folk medicines obtained from natural substances such as medicinal plants, animals or minerals are known as medicines without phytotoxicity or side effects, and are used as folk medicines or folk medicine. Drugs are being reviewed and their interest is growing.

The crude drug is obtained by drying a part of natural substances such as plants, animals and minerals or by simple processing (whole crude drug) for the purpose of providing medicinal purposes. It may be finely chopped (cleaved crude drug), whole crude drug or cleaved crude drug in coarse, middle, fine or fine powder form (powder crude drug) and cell contents, secretions or extracts thereof. Crude drugs are roughly classified into Western and Japanese herbs.

By the way, for the purpose of medicinal use, all or part of natural products such as plants, animals or minerals, or grown products of plants and animals, and dried or stripped products thereof are treated with water or warm water or ethyl alcohol. , Acetone, ether, soaked in an organic solvent such as acetone-modified ethyl alcohol or ethyl acetate, and further soaked in a mixture of this organic solvent with an acid or alkali to extract the medicinal component, and after extracting this medicinal component, a large amount of Residue occurs.

For the purpose of medicinal use, all or part of natural products such as plants, animals or minerals, or grown products of plants and animals, and residues from which the medicinal components are squeezed out from these dried products or strips, Alternatively, whole or part of natural products such as plants, animals, or minerals, or grown products of animals and plants, and further dried products or finely divided products are soaked in an extractant, and a large amount of residue produced by squeezing the medicinal component is generated from this. .

However, although these residues are treated as industrial waste, a large amount of active ingredient necessary for plant growth remains in this residue, and in comparison with ordinary plant composting. In addition to short composting time, it has a good balance of macronutrient elements and micronutrient elements necessary for plant growth, has good water retention, and has been used for plant cultivation for many years with a focus on promoting plant growth. We have repeatedly examined the culture soil.

As a result, the present inventor not only obtains agricultural products of excellent quality in addition to significantly increasing the yield of agricultural products, but also obtains medicinal plants and animals that were conventionally disposed of as industrial waste. Or extract and / or extract crude drugs from natural substances such as minerals
Or, the squeezed residue can be effectively used, and since a bad odor is hardly generated around the compost during production, the compost can be produced even in the urban area, and the cultivation soil for plant cultivation can be produced at low cost. Therefore, a patent application (application number: Japanese Patent Application No. 5-54859, name: Culture soil for plant cultivation) was filed on February 18, 1993.

The present inventor has further earnestly studied the culture soil for plant cultivation using medicinal plants, and as a result, extracted and / or extracted crude drugs from natural substances such as medicinal plants, animals or minerals.
Or, in place of the squeezed residue, it was found that an excellent plant-cultivating culture soil can be obtained even when a small amount of a medicinal plant is added to a culture substrate for plant cultivation, and the present invention has been completed. Is.

That is, the present invention has been completed in order to solve the above technical problems, and by adding a medicinal plant to a culture substrate for plant cultivation, a component contained in the medicinal plant is contained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a culture soil for cultivating plants, in which the plant is absorbed or the growth of plants is promoted to increase the yield and obtain agricultural products with excellent quality.

The present invention also increases the temperature of the culture soil by mixing a pyrogen with a culture substrate for cultivating plants so that the culture soil can be easily applied as upland, greenhouse soil or seedling-growing soil. Or fill the pot or plantin with culture soil,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a culture soil for plant cultivation that is easy to administer and is preferably used as a soil for gardening, a soil for bed cultivation or a soil for flower beds.

[0024]

The culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention is characterized by comprising a culture substrate for plant cultivation and a medicinal plant in order to achieve the above object.

The present invention will be described in more detail below. The culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention consists of a mixed culture soil of a culture substrate for plant cultivation and a medicinal plant, and the mixing ratio of the culture substrate for plant cultivation (A) and the medicinal plant (B). Although it varies depending on the culture substrate used and the medicinal plant, it is generally desirable that the content of (B) is in the range of 0.15 to 10% by weight based on the whole mixed soil (A + B).

In the cultivation soil for plant cultivation of the present invention, if the content of (B) is less than 0.15% by weight based on the whole mixed cultivation soil (A + B), the temperature rise of the cultivation soil for cultivation plant may be insufficient. That is, there is no point in mixing (B). On the other hand, if it exceeds 10% by weight, the effects on the plants are too strong and they die, and there is a risk that the plants will be adversely affected and the cost is high. It is not desirable, and therefore, from these viewpoints, the range of 0.5 to 5% by weight is particularly desirable.

In the present invention, the culture substrate for cultivating plants is not particularly limited as long as it is a base material for cultivating plants.

Preferred specific examples of the culture substrate for cultivating plants include at least one selected from soil, corrosion, compost materials and compost.

That is, as the culture substrate for plant cultivation used in the present invention, the culture substrate comprises only soil, only corrosion, only compost material or only compost, Alternatively, in addition to those consisting of any combination of the above, those further containing the components described below may be mentioned.
Of these, the soil is 20 to 60% by weight, especially 30 to 5
A culture substrate containing 0% by weight is advantageous from the viewpoints of production cost, nutritional balance, immobilization of nutrients, stability of the culture substrate, and the like.

However, as a culture substrate for cultivating plants, any strict condition is not required as long as it is a base material for cultivating plants.

Examples of the soil include natural soil and / or artificial soil. This natural soil is not particularly limited as long as it is a soil existing in the natural world, but specifically, for example, dune immature soil, Kuroboku soil, humid Kuroboku soil,
Agricultural soil such as brown forest soil, gray upland soil, gray upland soil, red soil, yellow soil, brown lowland soil, gray lowland soil, gray soil, black mud or peat soil, or Kanuma soil, Matsuchi or Arakida, etc. Specific soils, clay particles, clay, clay loam, sandy loam, humus and the like can be mentioned, and these can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.

The artificial soil is not particularly limited as long as it is a cultivated soil formed by artificially processing a natural material, or a cultivated soil formed by an artificial material. Can be mentioned.

Examples of the corrosion used in the present invention include terrestrial corrosion such as coarse humus and mul, semi-terrestrial corrosion such as peat and black mud, and hydrous corrosion such as rot.

In the present invention, examples of the compost material include ordinary compost (water-pile compost), quick-run compost and special compost.

Compost is a generic term for organic matter such as rice straw, straw, deciduous leaves, and wild grass that has been accumulated and ripened. In this compost, ordinary compost (water-filled compost) is obtained by adding no nitrogen component. Yes, fast-moving compost is obtained by adding ammonium sulphate, lime nitrogen, bottom fertilizer, etc. in order to accelerate the fermentation of sediment.Special compost is fermented by adding special microorganisms to the sediment in addition to nutrients. is there.

Examples of the compost used in the present invention include sludge compost, municipal solid waste compost and papermaking sludge compost.

In the culture soil for cultivating plants of the present invention, it is also beneficial to mix the material (C) such as bark compost and / or peat moss.

[0038] This bark compost is made by adding a nitrogen source such as chicken dung or urea to a piece of bark of a hardwood or a conifer,
It is fermented and ripened for a long period of time, and various ones can be mentioned depending on the kind and amount of the tree species and additives, the deposition period and the like.

The peat moss is obtained by washing dry peat (grass charcoal) with water, drying and crushing it.
Since it is strongly acidic, in the present invention, the one neutralized with slaked lime is blended.

The mixing ratio of these materials (C) is not particularly limited, but generally (C) is 3 to 35% by weight, particularly 5 to 15% by weight, based on the whole culture substrate for plant cultivation. %
It is desirable that the range is, and the blending ratio of (C) is 3% by weight.
If the amount is less than 50%, the effect is poor and it is meaningless to add the compound.

In the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention, if desired, clay powder, far-infrared radiation material, rice straw,
At least one material selected from wheat straw, rice husk, rice bran, water retaining material, chelating compound, fish residue, oil residue, manufacturing residue, sawdust, rice husk, bark debris, chicken dung, horse dung or bone meal
(D) may be blended.

In this case, these materials (D) are generally
It is added to the compost material. In this case, when producing the compost material, the raw material may be directly added to the compost to produce the compost, or the compost material may be added to the raw material as it is.
After the material (D) is accumulated and ripened, it may be mixed with the compost material, and this may be appropriately selected and determined depending on the application to be used, the plant to be grown and the time of use.

The mixing ratio of these materials (D) is
(D) 0.5 to 30% by weight, especially 2 to the compost material
It is desirable to set it in the range of 20% by weight. If the blending ratio of (D) is less than 0.5% by weight, the effect is poor and it is meaningless to add it. On the other hand, if it exceeds 30% by weight, the nutritional balance necessary for the growth of plants is balanced. Is not preferable because the water retention property may be deteriorated.

By the way, the material (D) is not always used together with the compost material, but may be added to the culture substrate while taking into consideration the balance of nutrition required for plant growth.

As the far infrared emitting ceramic,
Examples thereof include metal oxides, carbides or nitrides, and further carbonates, and these may be used alone or as a composite. As the above metal,
Na, Mg, Al, Be, Fe, Y, Co, Cu, N
i, Si, Sn, Ti, Cr, Ce, Zr, Ca, T
a, Nb, etc. are mentioned.

The shape of the far-infrared emitting ceramic is not particularly limited, but it is generally powdery,
Examples include lumps, spheres, and ellipses.

As the bark debris used in the present invention, there may be mentioned bark debris of hardwood or conifer.

Further, as the water retaining material, an organic water retaining material and /
Alternatively, an inorganic water retaining material may be used. Examples of the organic water retention material include starch / acrylic acid graft polymer, polyacrylate resin, vinyl acetate / acrylate copolymer, methyl acrylate / vinyl acetate copolymer, polyacrylic acid crosslinked resin, polyvinyl Alcohol / acrylic ester resin, vinyl acrylate-based resin, isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer, PVA / maleic anhydride copolymer, starch / acrylonitrile graft polymer, polyethylene oxide resin, starch / acrylic acid graft polymer , Polyacrylonitrile hydrolyzate, carboxymethylcellulose crosslinked product and the like.

The above-mentioned inorganic water absorbing agent is not particularly limited, but for example, vermiculite, silica powder,
Examples thereof include clay, talc, bentonite, perlite, zeolite and the like.

The chelate compound used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it expresses a chelate bond, but polyaminocarboxylic acids are particularly preferable because they fix inorganic nutrients and prevent their runoff.

Specific examples of the polyaminocarboxylic acids include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and its calcium salts, metal salts such as iron salts, magnesium salts or potassium salts, trans-1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid, and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid. Acetic acid, ethylenediaminediacetic acid, 3,6-dioxa-1,6-octanediaminetetraacetic acid, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) iminodiacetic acid,
Examples thereof include metal salts such as triethylenetetramine hexaacetic acid or their calcium salts, iron salts, magnesium salts or potassium salts.

The oil residue used in the present invention is a residue collected from plant seeds, and specific examples thereof include coconut oil residue, camellia oil residue, soybean oil residue, rapeseed oil residue and the like.

Further, examples of the production residue used in the present invention include residues produced in the production or brewing of food and further processing.

In the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned culture substrate, a fiber material, a pulp or a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant or a surfactant such as a nonionic interface is selected. At least one kind of the material (E) may be mixed.

In this case, these materials (E) may be blended as they are after the production of the culture substrate, or when the culture substrate is produced, they may be mixed with the raw materials thereof to form compost,
This may be appropriately selected and determined depending on the intended use, growing plant, season to be used, etc., but it is usually desirable to use compost.

The mixing ratio of these materials (E) is
(E) is 0.5 to 10% by weight, especially 1 to
It is desirable to set it in the range of 5% by weight, and if the blending ratio of (E) is less than 0.5% by weight, the effect is poor and it is meaningless to add,
On the other hand, if it exceeds 10% by weight, not only the nutritional balance necessary for the growth of the plant is deteriorated, but also the water retention property is sometimes lowered, which is not preferable.

The fiber material used in the present invention includes natural fibers and artificial fibers, and the natural fibers include plant fibers, animal fibers or mineral fibers such as rock wool or asbestos.

Specific examples of the above plant fibers and animal fibers include, for example, cotton, kapok, Manila hemp, sisal hemp,
Examples include silk, camels, alpaca, wool, mohair, and cashmere.

The artificial fibers include regenerated fibers, semi-synthetic fibers and synthetic fibers. Among them, the regenerated fibers include viscose rayon or copper ammonia rayon, for example. Examples of the fiber include acetate, and further, as the synthetic fiber, for example, polyamide synthetic fiber, polyester synthetic fiber, polyvinyl alcohol synthetic fiber,
Examples thereof include polyvinyl chloride synthetic fibers, polyvinylidene chloride synthetic fibers, acrylic synthetic fibers, modacrylic synthetic fibers, polyolefin synthetic fibers, fluorocarbon synthetic fibers, and polyurethane synthetic fibers.

The pulp used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and specific examples thereof include waste paper, paper scraps, pulp residue or pulp scraps.

By the way, the above-mentioned surfactant is for imparting hydrophilicity to the compost material and improving water retention.

In the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention, a material (F) such as a fertilizing substance containing nutrients necessary for plant growth.
It is also beneficial to combine the above.

Examples of fertilizers used in the present invention include ordinary fertilizers and special fertilizers defined by the Fertilizer Control Law.

The mixing ratio of these materials (F) is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10% by weight, particularly 0.25 to 7% by weight, based on the culture substrate. ) Is 0.
If it is less than 1% by weight, the effect is poor and it is meaningless to add it. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10% by weight, the balance with other components is deteriorated, and there is a risk of adversely affecting the cultivation of plants, which is not preferable.

In the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention, the soil improving material (G) may be added in an amount of 0.5 to 15% by weight, particularly 1 to 10% by weight, based on the culture substrate. , (G)
If the blending ratio is less than 0.5% by weight, the effect is poor and it is meaningless to add, while if it exceeds 15% by weight, the balance with other components is deteriorated, which is not preferable.

As the soil improving material (G), peat,
Examples thereof include plant materials such as grass charcoal, lignite and fossils, cultured microorganisms, natural minerals, slag, pulverized coal combustion ash, mineral materials such as calcined rock or gypsum, synthetic compounds, phosphate rocks and limestones.

The present invention is characterized in that a medicinal plant (H) is added to the above-mentioned culture substrate. The medicinal plant (H) may be of one type, but it is desirable to use two or more types in order to absorb a large number of components into the cultivated plant.

The medicinal plant (H) is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for medicinal purposes regardless of whether it is a herbal medicine or a folk medicine, and specific examples include the following.

The medicinal plants (H) are classified as follows according to their usage. That is, (1) whole grass or foliage is used, and specific examples thereof include Dokudami, Genshosho, wolfberry, mugwort, honeysuckle, oyster, and the like.

(2) Flowers and buds are used, and specific examples thereof include flowers of honeysuckle, petals of safflower, rye chrysanthemum, flower buds of kobushi, oguruma flowers, flower buds of cloves and the like.

(3) Seeds, fruits and pericarps are used. Specifically, for example, pepper fruits, red sea bream fruits, cowpea fruits, plantain fruits, sorghum, goshuyu fruits, ginger seeds, pearl millet. , Asakura Zansho fruit, Gokahi, Chinpi, Ginger, Zikoppi, Perilla seed, Chinese betel peel, mandarin peel, fennel fruit, salamander fruit, gardenia fruit, plum, ginger seed or kiwi Examples include crow seeds.

(4) Roots or rhizomes are used. Specifically, for example, tessen, tendai bird medicine roots, Scutellaria baicalensis, kyoto, swordfish, rhubarb, cuckoo, citrus cabbage, kudzu, crow cucumber, ginger, Licorice, Chinese swordfish, Clara, Komanohagasa, Mishima Psycho, Usubasaishin, Zion, Red peony, Peonies, Okera, Saladina, Yam, Senku, Sartoibara, Ginseng, Prunus vulgaris, Indian pond, Pleurotus serrata, Pleurotus serrata, Podocarpaceae, Spodoptera scutellariae, Plutella xylostella, Pleurotus ostreatus Asteraceae plants, swordfish, gentian, Chinese ginkgo, Nodoke, ginseng, scallion, tennansho, onionagara, kakussakuzura or sugi and the like are mentioned.

(5) The xylem and bark are used. Specifically, for example, yellowfin, psyllium, cherry, honoki,
Examples include leguminous plant rosewood from India, scutellaria plants from eastern India, tropical Suo, Eucommia ulmoides, oak, oak, oak and akebi.

By the way, there are various kinds of medicinal plants as described above, and the places where the medicinal plants are used are different. Therefore, various kinds of medicinal plants can be obtained, but these are mixed to obtain the raw material for compost.

Further, according to the experimental results of the present inventor, it was confirmed that even if the medicinal plants are biased, if they are composted, there is no problem in the growth of the plants.

In the present invention, the medicinal plant may be blended as it is with the culture substrate, but since the medicinal plant produced by pulverizing the medicinal plant has good dispersibility in the culture substrate. Preferably, the medicinal plant does not necessarily need to be accumulated and ripened, but a medicinal plant that is accumulated and ripened is desirable because it has an immediate effect on plant growth.

In the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention, the medicinal plant (H) containing the medicinal animal and / or the powder of the mineral (I) is extremely useful.

With this structure, not only the macronutrient element and the micronutrient element are enriched, but also other nutrients necessary for the growth of the plant are enriched, and the immediate effect on the growth of the plant is obtained. It is advantageous that a mixture of the one that develops and the one that exhibits the delayed action is more easily obtained.

In this case, the blending ratio of (H) and (I) is such that (I) is 1 to 25% by weight, particularly 5 to 15% by weight, based on the whole of (H) and (I). It is desirable to set the range,
If the blending ratio of (I) is less than 1% by weight, the effect is poor and it is meaningless to add it. On the other hand, if it exceeds 25% by weight, not only the nutritional balance necessary for the growth of the plant is deteriorated but also the water retention is lowered. It is not preferable for the reason.

In the plant-cultivating culture soil of the present invention, the one obtained by mixing the above-mentioned plant-cultivating culture soil with a heat-generating substance is extremely useful for the following reasons.

That is, the above-mentioned culture soil for plant cultivation is packed in a predetermined amount and provided for distribution, opened by a person, applied as field soil, greenhouse soil or culture medium for raising seedlings, or an appropriate amount of culture medium. Collect the soil and fill it in pots, prints or flower beds,
Is administered.

Although these works are carried out manually, it is extremely painful to touch the culture soil with cold hands in the winter season, especially in areas where the culture soil is 5 ° C. or lower. Be shunned.

For this reason, the consumption of the culture soil is remarkably reduced in the winter season. Further, if the culture soil is frozen and solidified, the handling property of the culture soil is extremely deteriorated and the growth of plants is adversely affected. The consumption of culture soil is further reduced.

As the culture soil for cultivating plants, a hydrated one is also used. However, this culture soil is more easily felt cold in winter than the dry culture soil, and is extremely handy. The above-mentioned work becomes extremely difficult to perform because it causes pain. In this case, if the culture soil freezes, the handleability of the culture soil becomes worse than that of the dry soil.

However, by mixing the culture soil for plant cultivation with a heat-generating substance in this manner, the temperature of the culture soil is raised and it becomes easy to handle even in winter.

By the way, the above-mentioned culture soil for plant cultivation (J)
The mixing ratio of the heat-generating substance (K) and the heat-generating substance (K) varies depending on the plant-cultivating soil and the heat-generating substance, but in general, (K) is 3 to 85% by weight with respect to the entire mixed soil (J + K).
It is desirable to set the range to.

In the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention, if the content of (K) is too small, less than 3% by weight based on the whole mixed soil (J + K), the temperature rise of the culture soil for plant cultivation may be insufficient. Yes, that is, it does not make sense to mix (J), and on the other hand, if it exceeds 85% by weight, the balance of the whole culture soil for plant cultivation may be unbalanced, which may adversely affect the cultivation of plants. From these viewpoints, the range of 5 to 45% by weight is particularly desirable.

Examples of the above exothermic substance include substances that generate heat upon contact with air. Specifically, for example, a metal powder such as iron or aluminum, an electrolyte such as potassium chloride or sodium chloride, water and a water retaining material,
The thing which added activated carbon and an oxidation aid to this etc. is mentioned.

That is, this exothermic substance generates heat due to the oxidation reaction of the metal powder and oxygen in the air. Therefore, after the production of the plant-cultivating soil, the exothermic substance should be placed in a non-air-permeable bag or container to remove air. It is provided for storage and distribution in the state of being blocked, and when used, it may be opened and the like, brought into contact with air and then touched by hand.

This kind of exothermic substance is determined in consideration of the temperature at which the mixing ratio rises during use. The mixing ratio varies depending on the type of culture substrate and metal powder,
In general, 5 to 50% by weight of metal powder, 1 to 10% by weight of electrolyte, 10 to 40% by weight of water and 1 to 30% by weight of water retaining material, and further 100 parts by weight of these compositions,
Examples include those containing 1 to 10 parts by weight of activated carbon and / or 1 to 10 parts by weight of an oxidation aid.

In this case, examples of the water retaining material include those mentioned above. In addition, when there is a possibility that the metal powder adversely affects the plants, after the metal powder is put into a solution or dispersion in which an organic water retention material is dissolved or dispersed in alcohol or acetone, vacuum drying, etc. It is desirable to coat the surface of the metal powder with an organic water retention material by drying.

Examples of the exothermic substance include substances that generate heat upon contact with water. As this exothermic substance,
An example is one in which only water is removed from the above exothermic substance. In this case, upon use, water may be added to raise the temperature of the plant-cultivating culture soil, and then touched by hand.

Further, substances such as calcined lime and other exothermic substances that generate heat such as hydration heat when water is added can be used. In this case, it does not matter whether or not air is present, as long as heat is generated by adding water.

Further, examples of the exothermic substance include substances that generate heat by contact between water and air.

Particularly, in the culture soil for cultivating plants of the present invention, the pyrogenic substance is composed of a microorganism and its nutritional substance, and the heat of growth generated by the growth of the microorganism in this nutritional substance. Can also be mentioned.

That is, the above-mentioned microorganism is not particularly limited as long as it generates a heat of growth by growing in a nutrient substance, and is an aerobic microorganism that grows well in the presence of air (oxygen). , Anaerobic microorganisms that grow even under conditions of poor air (oxygen), and semi-aerobic microorganisms that grow under either of these conditions.

Specific examples of this microorganism include Rhizopus japonicus, Rhizopus derema, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus soyer, Aspergillus tamari, Aspergillus grocus, Aspergillus merius, chymase, lipase, amylase, protease, polyphenol oxidase, Tyrosinase, Aspergillus flavus, Schizosaccharomyces, Saccharomyces, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces ellipsoides, Tigosaccharomyces, Pichia, Alternaria, Torula, Acetobacter acetii, Acetobacter schutzuckerbucky or Lactobacillus However, since Alternaria alternata is a kind of heat-resistant microorganism, Masui.

The above-mentioned nutritional substance is not particularly limited as long as it is a nutritional source necessary for the growth of microorganisms, and specifically, for example, rice bran, food meal such as brewed meal and okara, cow dung, At least one kind selected from chicken dung or horse dung can be mentioned.

The above-mentioned food lees are lees and oil lees produced during the production and processing of foods, or lees produced with fermentation and the like, and brewed lees produced during the production of rice bran, miso, sake and soy sauce. There are yakara etc.

[0100] Then, as a nutrient substance containing rice bran as a main component and various fertilizers and compost materials, etc.
A mixture of alternata is desirable.

By the way, in the present invention, it is desirable to granulate the above-mentioned culture soil for plant cultivation so as to improve the handling property and to make it possible to immediately determine the grade.

In this case, if the particle size is adjusted to the range of 0.1 to 25 mm, especially 1 to 15 mm, the handling property,
Alternatively, it is desirable because it can be compounded with other components very easily.

In the present invention, if desired, a compounding agent such as calcium chloride, aluminum oxide, ferric chloride, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, silica gel, activated carbon, magnesium chloride or zinc chloride may be added. It's good.

By the way, the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention is characterized by comprising a combination of the above-mentioned culture soil for plant cultivation and a heat-generating substance in order to achieve the above object.

That is, although the above-mentioned culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention comprises a culture soil for plant cultivation and a mixed culture soil of a heat-generating substance, the present invention is, instead of this, a culture soil for plant cultivation and a heat-generating substance. It is also advantageous to use a combination of substances, which are used by mixing both at a desired ratio when used.

In this case, the ratio of the plant-cultivating culture soil and the heat-generating substance may be set so as to be the same as in the case of the plant-cultivating culture soil.

By the way, in the present invention, the plant-cultivating culture soil to be blended may be granulated. In this case,
It is advantageous that the grain size of the culture soil for plant cultivation is adjusted to the range of 0.1 to 25 mm.

In the present invention, the culture soil for plant cultivation and the exothermic substance are mixed in a desired ratio for use in this way. Therefore, the culture soil for plant cultivation and the exothermic substance are used as described above. Since it is the same as the one described above, it is omitted to avoid redundant description.

[0109]

The culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention has the above-mentioned constitution and comprises a culture substrate for plant cultivation and a medicinal plant.

It is not clear why the use of this culture soil for cultivating plants produces an excellent effect on the growth of plants such as agricultural crops. It contains macronutrient elements such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium or magnesium, and also contains micronutrient elements such as chlorine, boron, iron, manganese, zinc or copper in a well-balanced manner. It is understood that it is rich in ingredients of herbal medicines and other nutrients, and that these nutrients are effectively absorbed by plants and that these nutrients act synergistically to significantly promote the growth of plants. It

In addition, in the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention,
What is composed of a culture medium for cultivating plants and a mixed cultivation soil of a pyrogen, when used, the pyrogen raises the temperature of the culture soil to about 10 to 20 ° C., so that it is easy for a person even in the winter season. It has the effect of being able to touch the.

From this point of view, the one consisting of the combination of the culture substrate for plant cultivation and the exothermic substance is used by mixing the both at a desired ratio, and therefore, the human
Even in winter, it has the effect of being easily touchable.

In addition, since the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention contains medicinal plants, its medicinal effect does not cause skin roughening even when the culture is handled.
Alternatively, it has the effect of significantly reducing skin roughness.

Furthermore, since the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention contains medicinal plants, it has an action of preventing insect pests from being sprayed without pesticide spraying due to the insecticidal / bactericidal action of the medicinal plants. is there.

[0115]

EXAMPLES The present invention will now be described in detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 A mixed soil consisting of a culture substrate (A) for plant cultivation and a medicinal plant (B) was obtained by the method described below.

As a culture substrate (A) for plant cultivation, 55% by weight of upland soil, 25% by weight of mulch soil, organic matter such as rice straw, wild grass and dung were deposited, and ammonium sulfate was further added to form a composting material 15. %, And 5% by weight of a compound fertilizer composed of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium as a fertilizer.

On the other hand, as a medicinal plant (B), 5% by weight of dried Dodami, 5% by weight of honeysuckle, 5% by weight of flower buds of kobushi, 5% by weight of fruits of cowpea and 5% by weight of pericarp of Chinese betel nut, Cichlid cucumber 5% by weight, licorice 10
% By weight, 5% by weight of Usubasaicin, 5% by weight of Yellow squirrel, 10% by weight of Asteraceae from India, 10 from tropical tropical plants
%, 10% by weight of an eddy plant from East India and 20% by weight of carrot ginseng were mixed and pulverized.

Then, 200 parts by weight of the medicinal plant (B) was mixed with 10000 parts by weight of the culture substrate (A) to obtain a culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention.

Example 2 Using the material (B + L) obtained by adding 15 parts by weight of the fully-ripened compost (L) described below to 100 parts by weight of the medicinal plant (B) used in Example 1, the culture medium used in Example 1 was used. 200 parts by weight of this material (B + L) was mixed with 10000 parts by weight of the material (A) to obtain the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention.

The fully-ripened compost (L) used was obtained by the following method. Ordinary materials such as rice straw, defoliation and vegetables 1
When 5 parts by weight of slaked lime was mixed with 00 parts by weight and water was added to temporarily stack, the material softened in 10 days.

Then, after 10 days, the softened material was cut into pieces, and 0.3 part by weight of ammonium sulfate was added thereto.
It was fully stacked in a frame of about m ² .

After one month, turning back is performed while adding 0.1 part by weight of ammonium sulfate. Then, it was turned back one month later and further one month later to obtain a fully-ripened compost.

To 55 parts by weight of the obtained fully-ripened compost, 35 parts by weight of fine powder of aluminosilicate mineral and 10 parts by weight of fine powder of clay material were added, and these were kneaded, granulated and dried to finish. The water content was about 10% by weight. The grain size of the obtained product was about 1 to 5 mm.

The thus obtained product was used as a fully-ripened compost (L).

Example 3 Material containing 100 parts by weight of the medicinal plant (B) used in Example 1 and 15 parts by weight of the medicinal animal and mineral (M) described below.
(B + M) and the culture substrate (A) 100 used in Example 1
200 parts by weight of this material (B + L) was mixed with 00 parts by weight to obtain the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention.

As the medicinal animal and mineral (M), those obtained by the following method were used. The talc, tsukani, sekisekimei and porphyry were crushed, respectively, and 50 parts by weight of talc powder, 15 parts by weight of tsurabika powder, 15 parts by weight of sekisekimei powder and 20 parts by weight of porphyry powder were thoroughly mixed.

Examples 4 to 6 Each of the culture soils for plant cultivation 100 obtained in Examples 1 to 3
20 parts by weight of the following exothermic substances are added to each part by weight.
Parts by weight were added and mixed well to obtain the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention. In this case, one corresponding to Example 1 was set as Example 4, one corresponding to Example 2 was set as Example 5, and one corresponding to Example 3 was set as Example 6.

As the exothermic substance, 35 parts by weight of iron powder,
5 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 3 parts by weight of sodium chloride, 2 parts by weight of calcium chloride, 5 parts by weight of starch / acrylic acid graft polymer, 5 parts by weight of activated carbon and 5 of vermiculite.
What consisted of parts by weight was used.

Each of the thus obtained plant-cultivating culture soils of Examples 4 to 6 was cooled to 2 ° C. and touched with the hands, it was cold and painful.

Then, Examples 4 to 6 cooled to 2 ° C. were used.
When 20 parts by weight of water was sprayed on 100 parts by weight of the plant-cultivating culture soil, the temperature of the culture soil rose to 15 ° C. in about 10 minutes, and no pain was felt when touched by the hands.

Comparative Example 1 100 parts by weight of ordinary materials such as rice straw, defoliation and vegetables were mixed with 5 parts by weight of slaked lime, and water was temporarily loaded.
The material softened in 10 days.

Then, after 10 days, the softened material was cut into pieces, and 0.3 part by weight of ammonium sulfate was added thereto.
It was fully stacked in a frame of about m ² .

After one month, the pieces are cut back while adding 0.1 part by weight of ammonium sulfate. Then, it was turned back one month later and further one month later to obtain a fully-ripened compost.

To 55 parts by weight of the obtained fully-ripened compost, 35 parts by weight of fine powder of aluminosilicate mineral and 10 parts by weight of fine powder of clay material were added, and these were kneaded, granulated and dried to finish. The water content was about 10% by weight. The grain size of the obtained product was about 1 to 5 mm.

Comparative Example 2 Instead of Example 1, 10000 parts by weight of the culture substrate (A) was mixed with 10 parts by weight of the medicinal plant (B).

By the way, Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2
When each of the culture soils for plant cultivation was cooled to 2 ° C. and touched by hand, it felt cold and painful.

Cultivation Test of Agricultural Crops Using the above-mentioned Examples and Comparative Examples, potatoes and tomatoes were cultivated as field fields, and their yields were investigated.

The yield per one strain (average value) is 100.
5, Example 3 is 96.5, Example 4 is 95.5, Example 5
Is 94.5, Example 6 is 92.0, Comparative Example 1 is 85.8,
Comparative Example 2 was 86.0.

The sizes of the potatoes and tomatoes obtained were about the same as those of Examples 1 to 6, and the size of Comparative Example 1 was smaller than those of Examples 1 to 6 and the variation was large. And that of Comparative Example 2 was better than that of Comparative Example 1.

By the way, when a cabbage cultivation test was conducted on each of the examples and the comparative examples without using pesticides, the examples showed no or no damage by pests. In the example, blue worms breed,
Worm eating was recognized.

By the way, the females of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 tend to have rough hands (aged 20 to 45 years old).
When used by 10 people, no abnormality was observed in each of the examples, but in 8 of 10 in Comparative Example 1, abnormality was observed in 7 of 10 in Comparative Example 2. An abnormal thing was recognized by the name.

[0142]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY Since the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention contains a medicinal plant in the culture substrate for plant cultivation, it promotes plant growth, increases yield, and is excellent in quality. It has the effect of obtaining agricultural products.

Further, since the culture soil for plant cultivation of the present invention contains medicinal plants, it has the effect of not causing skin roughness or reducing skin roughness even when it is handled.

In the culture soil for cultivating plants of the present invention, when a heat-generating substance is used, the temperature of the culture soil is raised to facilitate application of the culture soil as upland, house soil or seedling-growing soil, or to Fill and administer in pots or plantin,
It has the effect of being suitably used as horticultural soil, bed soil, flowerbed soil, or the like.

Further, although these works are carried out manually, there is an effect that they can be comfortably handled by raising the temperature of the culture soil for plant cultivation even in winter.

Further, although the cultivated soil for plant cultivation of the present invention is also used in a hydrated state, the cultivated soil in this hydrated state also has an effect that it can be handled comfortably by raising the temperature. is there.

Claims (31)

[Claims] 1. A culture medium for plant cultivation, which comprises a culture substrate for plant cultivation and a medicinal plant. 2. The culture substrate comprises at least one selected from soil, corrosion, compost material and compost.
The culture soil for cultivating a plant according to. 3. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 2, wherein the soil is natural soil and / or artificial soil. 4. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 2, wherein the corrosion is terrestrial corrosion, semi-terrestrial corrosion or hydrous corrosion. 5. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the compost material is ordinary compost (water-filled compost), quick-prepared compost or special compost. 6. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 1, which contains bark compost and / or peat moss. 7. The compost is a sludge compost, a municipal solid waste compost or a papermaking sludge compost.
The culture soil for plant cultivation according to any one of 1 to 6. 8. Clay powder, rice straw, wheat straw, chaff,
Rice bran, bark debris, water retention material, chelate compound, fish dregs,
2. At least one selected from oil dregs, manufactured dregs, sawdust, rice husks, chicken dung, horse dung, or bone meal is blended.
The culture soil for plant cultivation according to any one of 1 to 7. 9. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 8, wherein the water retaining material is an organic water retaining material and / or an inorganic water retaining material. 10. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 1, which contains at least one selected from fiber materials, pulp, and surfactants. 11. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 10, wherein the fiber material is formed of natural fibers or artificial fibers. 12. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 11, wherein the natural fiber is a plant fiber, an animal fiber or a mineral fiber. 13. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 11, wherein the artificial fiber is a regenerated fiber, a semi-synthetic fiber or a synthetic fiber. 14. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 1, which contains a fertilizer. 15. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a soil improving material.
The culture soil for plant cultivation according to any one of 1 to 14. 16. The plant-cultivating culture soil according to claim 15, wherein the soil improving material is a plant material such as peat, grass charcoal, lignite or fossil, a culture microorganism, a mineral substance, a synthetic compound, a slag, a phosphate rock or a limestone. . 17. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the medicinal plant is produced by crushing. 18. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the medicinal plant is one that has been accumulated and ripened. 19. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the medicinal plant is one or more kinds. 20. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 19, which comprises a powder of medicinal animal and / or mineral powder. 21. A plant-cultivating culture soil in which the plant-cultivating culture soil according to claim 1 is mixed with a heat-generating substance. 22. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 21, wherein the exothermic substance is a substance that generates heat upon contact with air. 23. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 21, wherein the exothermic substance is a substance that generates heat upon contact with water. 24. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 21, wherein the exothermic substance is a substance that generates heat by contact between water and air. 25. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 21, wherein the pyrogenic substance is composed of a microorganism and its nutritional substance, and is the heat of growth generated by the growth of the microorganism in the nutritional substance. 26. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 25, wherein the nutritional substance is at least one selected from rice bran, food dregs such as brewed dregs and okara, cow dung, chicken dung or horse dung. 27. A culture soil for plant cultivation, which is obtained by granulating the culture soil for plant cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 26. 28. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 27, wherein the particle size is adjusted to be in the range of 0.1 to 25 mm. 29. A plant-cultivating culture comprising a combination of the plant-cultivating culture soil according to any one of claims 1 to 20 and the pyrogenic substance according to any of claims 21-26. soil. 30. The plant-cultivating culture soil according to claim 29, wherein the plant-cultivating culture soil is granulated. 31. The culture soil for plant cultivation according to claim 30, wherein the particle size is adjusted to a range of 0.1 to 25 mm.