JPH07184473A - Method for artificially cultivating mushroom of genus pleurotus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the artificial cultivation of a mushroom of the genus Pleurotus (Pleurotus eryngii) and obtain the mushroom of high merchandise value. CONSTITUTION:This method for artificially cultivating a mushroom of the genus Pleurotus (Pleurotus eryngii) is to fill a culture medium material prepared by mixing sawdust with a nutrient source and regulating the moisture in a container such as a cultivation bottle, thermally sterilize the culture medium material, then inoculate a spawn of the mushroom of the Pleurotus onto the culture medium, culture the spawn under conditions of 20-23 deg.C ambient temperature and 65-70% humidity and subsequently grow the mushroom under conditions of 15-19 deg.C ambient temperature and 80-90% humidity.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to mushrooms (scientific name)
Pleurotus eryngii) artificial cultivation method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A method for cultivating mushrooms using a culture medium has heretofore been widely used for cultivating mushrooms, mushrooms, nameko mushrooms and the like. The present invention provides a method for artificially cultivating mushrooms (scientific name: Pleurotus eryngii) of the genus Pleurotus. Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms (scientific name: Pleurotus eryngii) to be cultivated in the present invention are
Native to the plains of France, Hungary, and the south of Russia.

The mushroom of the genus Pleurotus genus is a mushroom with a large diameter stem and eats mainly on the stem portion, which gives a thick taste, good texture, and is extremely delicious.
It also has the characteristic of having a flavor very similar to that of a scallop.
It is suitable for various dishes such as Japanese style, Western style, Chinese food, outdoor grilled food, etc.

[0004]

The mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus genus have a different form and taste from those of the conventional oyster mushrooms. The applicant of the present invention is the oyster mushroom (scientific name Pleu
Rotus eryngii) was collected in a foreign country, cultivated inoculum and artificial cultivation was attempted, and a suitable artificial cultivation method was found using a medium material. The oyster mushroom of the present application is labeled as Pleurotus eryngii M-100, and FERM P-140 is designated by the Institute of Biotechnology, Institute of Industrial Science and Technology.
Deposited as 36.

The present invention relates to the above-mentioned mushrooms (scientific name Pl
eurotus eryngii) is intended to provide a suitable artificial cultivation method, which enables easy and reliable production of mushrooms having a good taste and high commercial value. .

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is to fill a container such as a cultivation bottle with a medium material whose water content is adjusted by mixing sawdust and a nutrient source, and after sterilizing the medium material by heating, oyster mushrooms are placed on the culture medium. (Scientific name Pleurotus eryngii) inoculated with inoculum,
After culturing under conditions of room temperature of 20 to 23 ° C and humidity of 65 to 70%, fruiting bodies are generated and grown under the conditions of room temperature of 15 to 19 ° C and humidity of 80 to 90%. In addition,
After culturing, the bacteria may be scraped before proceeding to the growth step.

Pleurotus eryngii M-100 is a basidiomycete and is taxonomically (Eumycota) (Basidiomycotina) (Eubasidiomyce
tes) (Pleurotaceac) (Pleurotus). Also Pleu
Cultivation of rotus eryngii M-100 can be performed at about 25 ° C. using potato agar medium. As the potato agar medium, potato extract 0.5 L, agar 10 g, D-glucose 10 g, dry yeast Ebios 2.5 g, potassium phosphate 0.45 g, magnesium sulfate 0.45 g, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 0.45 g, pH 5 ~ 6 is suitable.

Pleurotus mushroom according to the present invention (scientific name Pleu
The artificial cultivation method of rotus eryngii) is so-called air-conditioned cultivation using a medium material as described above. The outline of the invention will be described below in the order of the cultivation steps. Preparation of medium material As the medium material to be filled in containers such as cultivation bottles, sawdust and nutrients such as rice bran are added. The material of sawdust is not particularly limited, but cedar, kunugi and the like are preferable.
Rice bran is the main nutrient source, but bran, okara, etc. can also be used. The mixing ratio of sawdust and rice bran is preferably about 4: 1. In addition, after mixing the medium material, water is added to adjust the water content. The water content may be about 60% to 65%.

Filling of culture medium material The culture medium material is filled in a cultivation bottle or a vinyl bag. The shape and volume of the cultivation bottle or the container such as the plastic bag are not particularly limited. When a large-capacity cultivation bottle is used, a mushroom with a large fruiting body and a large size can be obtained. The cultivation bottle can be sealed with a cap and is useful in handling. In addition,
When the culture bottle is filled with the medium material, an inoculation hole is provided to improve the surrounding of the bacteria.

Sterilization Step After the container is filled with the medium material, the cap material is sealed or the bag mouth is sealed and placed in a sterilizer to heat-sterilize the medium material. The heating time may be set appropriately, but may be about 6 to 7 hours at 100 ° C. After heat sterilization, the mixture is cooled down to about room temperature and the process proceeds to the next seed inoculation step.

Seed Inoculation Step When a culture bottle is used, the seed inoculation step is performed by dropping the inoculum to the extent that the surface of the culture medium at the bottle mouth is covered. When using a plastic bag, make sure to drop it on the surface of the culture medium.

Culturing Step After inoculating the inoculum, it is transferred to a culture room and cultured. The room temperature of the culture room is preferably 20 to 23 ° C., and the humidity is preferably about 65% to 70%. Appropriate ventilation is the same as in the case of normal artificial cultivation of mushrooms. No light irradiation is necessary. Culture is 25
It can be finished in about 30 days. As the culture progresses, the mycelium spreads in the culture medium and the appearance becomes white, which allows the completion of the culture to be known.

Bacterial scraping step After completion of the culture, the inoculum is scraped off from the surface of the culture medium using a bacterial scraping blade. It is also possible to grow the mushroom as it is after the culturing without performing the bacteria scratching operation. As the culture progresses, the mushroom nuclei emerge from the surface of the culture medium, so if the mushrooms are allowed to grow as they are, the fruiting bodies will grow and the mushrooms will be harvested. When grown without scratching the bacteria in this way, the fruiting bodies do not align in the same direction and extend diagonally from the mouth of the bottle, or the growth becomes uneven, but when the bacteria are scratched and restrained before growth. Finally, the growth period can be shortened by about 18 days. When the fungus is scratched, the fruiting body grows straight and a mushroom with high commercial value is obtained.

Growing step After scratching the bacteria, the cells are capped and transferred to a growth room for growth. Room temperature in the growth room is 15 to 19 ℃, humidity is 80 to 90%
The degree is suitable. The cap of the cultivation bottle is for early sprouting. In addition, when proceeding to the growth process,
First, leave it in a low temperature of about 10 ° C for about 1 day to give a cold stimulus, and then move it to a growth room. After 10 to 12 days have passed since being transferred to the growth room, mushroom nuclei begin to emerge from the surface of the culture medium. When the mushroom core begins to emerge, remove the cap to promote the growth of fruiting bodies. A considerable amount of humidity is required to grow fruiting bodies. Further, light irradiation of about 100 to 125 lux is performed.

It takes about 13 days after removing the cap and about 22 to 26 days after the cap is moved to the growing room. The harvest time is when the fruit body has a diameter of about 1 to 3 cm and a length of about 10 cm. Since the fruiting body is solid, cut the root part for harvesting. In a cultivation example using a 1500 cc cultivation bottle, one mushroom can harvest about 90 g. After harvesting once, you can take a second crop. In this case, after harvesting, the bacteria may be scraped, the cultivation bottle may be capped, transferred to the growth room, and the growth step may be repeated.

[0016] Fig. 1 shows a state of a harvesting time when the bottle is grown. As shown in the figure, some mushrooms grow significantly, so you can harvest them at different times. Since the stems of this mushroom are delicious, it is good to grow it so that the umbrella does not grow too large. When the light is applied during the growth process, the umbrella becomes large, so light irradiation may be suppressed. The fruiting body is milky white, and the umbrella part is light brown at the beginning of growth and becomes coffee-colored as it grows. In addition, the umbrella has a round shape in the early stage of growth, but becomes flat with growth, and the central portion of the upper surface has a concave shape.

Thus, the mushroom cultivated by the method of the present invention can be obtained as a stem having a thick stem portion, a good texture, and a flavor similar to that of a scallop, and it can be provided with a unique umami taste not seen in conventional mushrooms. Also,
It can be suitably used for various dishes by taking advantage of its characteristics.

[0018]

[Examples] Hereinafter, examples of cultivation in which mushrooms are actually grown will be described. Sawdust 4: rice bran 1 as a medium material,
After mixing these, add water to adjust the water content to 63%,
The 850cc, 1100cc and 1500cc polypropylene culture bottles were filled. The method for filling the medium material is the same as the method for filling the medium material in ordinary bottle cultivation. Also, the inoculation hole should be opened when the medium material is filled. After filling each culture bottle with culture medium material, cap it, put it in a sterilization kettle at 100 ° C.
It was heat-sterilized for 30 minutes.

After sterilization by heating, the culture medium was cooled to room temperature, and the bottle mouth was inoculated with the inoculum. The inoculum was produced by tissue culture. After inoculating inoculum, culture room (room temperature 20 ~
The culture was transferred to 23 ° C. and a humidity of 65% to 70%). After 30 days of culturing, the bacteria spread to almost the entire culture medium.

After the completion of the culture, the bacteria were scraped off to remove the inoculum remaining on the surface of the culture medium, and the culture bottle was capped.
A cold stimulus was given at 0 ° C for 1 day. Then, the cap was transferred to a growth room at a room temperature of 18 ° C. and a humidity of 85% to 90% for growth. Approximately 12 days later, since the nucleus of the mushroom was formed on the surface of the culture medium, the cap was removed to promote the growth of fruiting bodies. Fig. 2 shows the appearance of fruiting bodies during growth. The fruiting body extends about 1 to 2 cm on the culture medium. The umbrella is round. Then, the cap was removed, and after about 13 days, the fruit bodies were harvested when they were extended to about 10 cm. A mushroom with a white stem and a light brown umbrella was obtained. The taste was very good.

In addition, instead of the cultivation bottle, a 1100 cc plastic bag was used and cultivation was carried out in the same manner as in the above-mentioned examples. In this case, fruit bodies were grown without scratching the fungus. Therefore,
Germination was early, but the growth direction of fruiting bodies was uneven. The mushrooms obtained had a form similar to that obtained from the cultivation bottle, and the taste was also very delicious.

[0022]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the method for artificially cultivating mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus, according to the present invention, as described above, cultivation can be easily carried out all year round, and it can be provided as a commercial product. Further, it has an effect that it can be provided as a mushroom having a scallop flavor and being delicious and having a high commercial value.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a growth example of a mushroom cultivated by the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a growth example of a mushroom cultivated by the method of the present invention.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A medium such as a cultivating bottle is filled with a medium material whose water content is adjusted by mixing sawdust and a nutrient source, and the medium material is sterilized by heating, and then mushrooms of the genus Pleurotu (scientific name: Pleurotu) are placed on the culture medium.
eryngii) inoculated and cultured under conditions of room temperature of 20 to 23 ° C. and humidity of 65 to 70%, and then at room temperature of 15 to 19
A method for artificially cultivating mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus, which is characterized in that the mushrooms are grown under conditions of a temperature of 80 to 90%. 2. The method of artificially cultivating mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus ostreatus according to claim 1, wherein after the completion of culturing, the bacteria are scratched to remove inoculum from the surface of the culture medium, and then the growth step is proceeded to.