JPH07162055A - Hall element - Google Patents

Hall element

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Publication number
JPH07162055A
JPH07162055A JP5302002A JP30200293A JPH07162055A JP H07162055 A JPH07162055 A JP H07162055A JP 5302002 A JP5302002 A JP 5302002A JP 30200293 A JP30200293 A JP 30200293A JP H07162055 A JPH07162055 A JP H07162055A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
region
holes
hole
heterojunction
hall element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP5302002A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takashi Udagawa
隆 宇田川
Toshiki Yoshiuji
俊揮 吉氏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Resonac Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Showa Denko KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Showa Denko KK filed Critical Showa Denko KK
Priority to JP5302002A priority Critical patent/JPH07162055A/en
Publication of JPH07162055A publication Critical patent/JPH07162055A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent breakdown of a heterojunction interface which is to be caused by thermal deformation stress of coating resin, by forming holes in regions except the element function part composed of a magnetosensitive part and an electrode part, in a GaInAs/InP or GaInAs/AlInAs heterojunction Hall element. CONSTITUTION:A region corresponding with a magnetosensitive part exhibiting magnetosensitive function and an electrode part are patterned, and photoresist material is left only in the region. By implanting a specified dosage of oxygen ions whose mass number is 32 in the whole surface, an element function region is made insulative. The surface is again coated with photoresist material, and a region for forming holes are patterned. The holes penetrate from the surface of a magnetosensitive layer 103 to the rear of the substrate 101. Since hole-cross is formed in the [011] crystal orientation, four holes 105 are formed in the region except the element function part exsisting in the [100] direction, and symmetrically arranged seeting the central part of the hole-cross as the center. The holes 105 are formed in the direction inclined at 45 deg to the center line of the hole-cross.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】III−V族化合物半導体ホール素
子に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a III-V compound semiconductor Hall device.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】磁電変換素子の一つとしてホール素子が
知られている。ホール素子は一種の磁気センサーであ
り、回転検出センサーや電流センサー等として利用され
ている。最近では、ホール素子の高性能化の要望に対応
してGaInAsとInPとのヘテロ接合からなる高感
度ホール素子が開発されている(奥山 忍他、1992
年秋季第53回応用物理学会学術講演会予稿集No.3
(応用物理学会発行)、講演番号16a−SZC−1
6、1078頁)。このGaInAsヘテロ接合ホール
素子は温度特性も良く、感度特性に優れる。
2. Description of the Related Art A Hall element is known as one of magnetoelectric conversion elements. The Hall element is a kind of magnetic sensor and is used as a rotation detection sensor, a current sensor, or the like. Recently, a high-sensitivity Hall element composed of a heterojunction of GaInAs and InP has been developed to meet the demand for higher performance of the Hall element (Okuyama Shinobu, 1992).
Of the 53rd Autumn Meeting of the Japan Society of Applied Physics Three
(Published by Japan Society of Applied Physics), Lecture No. 16a-SZC-1
6, pages 1078). This GaInAs heterojunction Hall element has good temperature characteristics and excellent sensitivity characteristics.

【0003】GaInAs/InPヘテロ接合ホール素
子も従来のGaAsホール素子等と同じく、素子機能部
以外の領域は平坦となっている。素子機能部とは感磁層
からなる感磁領域及び電極形成領域を言う。感磁部は従
来から感磁層が互いに直交したホールクロスからなって
いる。従来からの素子構造を図4に示す。
The GaInAs / InP heterojunction Hall element is also flat in the region other than the element functional portion, like the conventional GaAs Hall element and the like. The element functional section refers to a magnetic sensitive area and an electrode forming area made of a magnetic sensitive layer. The magnetically sensitive portion has conventionally been formed of a hole cross in which the magnetically sensitive layers are orthogonal to each other. A conventional element structure is shown in FIG.

【0004】従来からチップ化されたホール素子はフレ
ーム上にマウントされ、封止用のエポキシ樹脂等で外囲
しモールド品とする。チップの平坦表面は樹脂により被
覆される。一般に封止用樹脂とホール素子の半導体材料
との熱膨張率は異なる。外囲工程では樹脂は加熱され、
成型される。成型時には、樹脂は伸縮し、それに伴う応
力がホール素子チップに掛かる。
Conventionally, a Hall element which has been made into a chip is mounted on a frame and is surrounded by an epoxy resin or the like for sealing to form a molded product. The flat surface of the chip is coated with resin. Generally, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the sealing resin and the semiconductor material of the Hall element are different. The resin is heated in the surrounding process,
Molded. During molding, the resin expands and contracts, and the resulting stress is applied to the Hall element chip.

【0005】接合界面の物性が素子特性を左右するヘテ
ロ接合ホール素子では、樹脂で素子を外囲する際に特性
に変化を来すことが知られている。この特性変化は不平
衡電圧(片岡 照栄著「磁電変換素子」(昭和46年2
月1日4版 日本工業新聞社発行、61頁)の増大や感
度の劣化となって現れる。これは、樹脂の変形に伴う応
力がヘテロ接合界面に波及し、ヘテロ界面を乱すからで
ある。ヘテロ界面が外的要因に依って無秩序化されると
高い電子移動度などが発現されない。
It is known that in a heterojunction Hall element in which the physical properties of the junction interface influence the element characteristics, the characteristics change when the element is surrounded by a resin. This change in characteristics is caused by an unbalanced voltage ("Terei Kataoka," Magnetic-electric conversion element "(1969, 2
1st edition, 4th edition, published by Nihon Kogyo Shimbun, page 61) This is because the stress accompanying the deformation of the resin spreads to the heterojunction interface and disturbs the heterointerface. If the hetero interface is disordered due to external factors, high electron mobility will not be exhibited.

【0006】樹脂の変形応力を緩和する一つの方法は、
樹脂が被覆される領域の表面積を増大させることであ
る。表面積が増えると単位面積に印加される応力が減少
する従来の様な表面が平坦である素子では、外囲成型工
程での応力を緩和するに充分でない。ヘテロ接合界面に
水平で平坦な表面は界面に垂直に掛かる変形応力を分散
できない。応力を分散できる表面加工等を施せば良い
が、従来から実施されていない。従って、ヘテロ接合特
性を充分に発揮できる高性能のヘテロ接合ホール素子を
安定して得るのは困難であった。
One method for relaxing the deformation stress of the resin is
Increasing the surface area of the area covered by the resin. As the surface area increases, the stress applied to the unit area decreases. In the conventional device having a flat surface, it is not enough to relax the stress in the envelope molding process. A flat surface horizontal to the heterojunction interface cannot disperse the deformation stress applied vertically to the interface. A surface treatment or the like that can disperse the stress may be applied, but it has not been performed conventionally. Therefore, it has been difficult to stably obtain a high-performance heterojunction Hall element capable of sufficiently exhibiting the heterojunction characteristics.

【0007】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】外囲樹脂の熱変形応力
に因るヘテロ接合界面の破壊を回避する。
The destruction of the heterojunction interface due to the thermal deformation stress of the surrounding resin is avoided.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】GaInAs/InP若
しくはGaInAs/AlInAsヘテロ接合ホール素
子に於いて、感磁部、電極部からなる素子機能部以外の
領域に孔を設ける。孔は基板を貫通させても良い。これ
により、母体材料表面の表面積を増加し、ヘテロ接合界
面に掛かる応力を分散させる。
In a GaInAs / InP or GaInAs / AlInAs heterojunction Hall element, a hole is provided in a region other than the element function section including a magnetic sensitive section and an electrode section. The holes may penetrate the substrate. This increases the surface area of the surface of the base material and disperses the stress applied to the heterojunction interface.

【0009】GaInAs/InP若しくはGaInA
s/AlInAsヘテロ接合は半導体単結晶基板上に形
成する。格子の整合性からInP単結晶を基板とするの
が良い。積層の順序には制限はないが、通常はGaIn
As感磁層の電子移動度を向上させるためにInPやA
lInAsを緩衝層として先ず堆積するのが一般的であ
る。
GaInAs / InP or GaInA
The s / AlInAs heterojunction is formed on a semiconductor single crystal substrate. InP single crystal is preferably used as the substrate because of the lattice matching. There is no limitation on the stacking order, but normally GaIn
InP and A in order to improve the electron mobility of the As magnetosensitive layer.
It is common to first deposit lInAs as a buffer layer.

【0010】ヘテロ接合層の成長方法には制限はない。
分子線エピタキシャル成長(MBE)法や有機金属熱分
解気相成長(MOCVD)法が適用できる。MOCVD
とMBEを複合させたMO・MBE法なども適用でき
る。また、層毎に成長方法を異にしても支障は無い。
There is no limitation on the method of growing the heterojunction layer.
A molecular beam epitaxial growth (MBE) method or a metal organic pyrolysis vapor deposition (MOCVD) method can be applied. MOCVD
The MO / MBE method that combines MBE and MBE can also be applied. Further, there is no problem even if the growth method is different for each layer.

【0011】感磁部と電極部からなる素子機能部領域以
外の領域に孔若しくは貫通孔を設ける。一般的なホール
素子のチップサイズは300μm〜400μm□程度で
ある。また、このチップサイズでの素子機能部以外の領
域の面積を考慮すると、孔の開口径は最大50μm程度
である。孔は素子機能部以外の領域にホールクロスの中
央部を中心に対象に配置すると良い。対象の位置に複数
個設けると効果的である。しかも、直交するホールクロ
スと45度の位置に設けると良い。好ましい孔の配置の
一例を図5に示す。
A hole or a through hole is provided in a region other than the element function region including the magnetic sensing portion and the electrode portion. The chip size of a general Hall element is about 300 μm to 400 μm □. Further, considering the area of the region other than the element function part in this chip size, the maximum opening diameter of the holes is about 50 μm. It is preferable that the holes are arranged in areas other than the element function portion with the center of the hole cross as the center. It is effective to provide a plurality at the target position. Moreover, it is preferable to provide it at a position of 45 degrees with the orthogonal hole cross. An example of a preferable hole arrangement is shown in FIG.

【0012】孔はエッチングにより形成する。孔を設け
る位置を選択的にエッチングする様に公知のフォトリソ
グラフィー技術によりパターニングする。無機酸でエッ
チングすれば孔は形成される。ドライエッチング法に依
っても構わない。エッチング時間を調節すれば孔の深さ
を調整できる。孔はヘテロ接合層の表面から裏面へ貫通
させても良い。エッチングにより感磁層が除去されない
様にする。感磁層の不規則な除去は不平衡電圧の増大を
もたらすからである。不平衡電圧とは無磁界下で発生す
る電圧である(例えば片岡 照栄著「磁電変換素子」
(昭和46年第4版発行:日刊工業新聞社)、61
頁)。ホール出力電圧に占める不平衡電圧の割合が大き
くなると不平衡率は増大し、素子特性の向上が果たせな
い。
The holes are formed by etching. Patterning is performed by a known photolithography technique so that the positions where the holes are provided are selectively etched. The holes are formed by etching with an inorganic acid. A dry etching method may be used. The depth of the holes can be adjusted by adjusting the etching time. The holes may penetrate from the front surface to the back surface of the heterojunction layer. Prevent the magnetosensitive layer from being removed by etching. This is because the irregular removal of the magnetosensitive layer causes an increase in the unbalanced voltage. An unbalanced voltage is a voltage generated in the absence of a magnetic field (for example, Teruei Kataoka "Magnetic-electric conversion element").
(Published in 1972, 4th edition: Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun), 61
page). When the proportion of the unbalanced voltage in the Hall output voltage increases, the unbalanced ratio increases, and the element characteristics cannot be improved.

【0013】孔を設けたGaInAs/InPヘテロ接
合ホール素子の電気特性を評価した。素子の外囲前後で
積感度、不平衡率共に変化を生じなかった。これは孔が
封止用樹脂の伸縮変形に伴う熱応力を緩和し、ヘテロ界
面の乱雑化を回避できたためである。
The electrical characteristics of the GaInAs / InP heterojunction Hall element having holes were evaluated. The product sensitivity and the unbalance ratio did not change before and after the surrounding of the device. This is because the holes alleviated the thermal stress caused by the expansion and contraction of the sealing resin, and the disorder of the hetero interface could be avoided.

【0014】[0014]

【作用】外囲樹脂の熱変形に伴って誘引される積感度、
不平衡率の劣化を回避する作用を有する。
[Function] Product sensitivity induced by thermal deformation of the surrounding resin,
It has the effect of avoiding deterioration of the unbalance rate.

【0015】[0015]

【実施例】以下、本発明をGaInAs/InPヘテロ
接合ホール素子の実施例を基に具体的に説明する。図1
はGaInAs/InPヘテロ接合ホール素子の平面模
式図である。図2及び図3は図1の破線A−A’並びに
B−B’に沿う断面模式図である。基板にはFeドープ
の半絶縁性InP単結晶(101)を使用した。基板結
晶(101)の比抵抗は1×107 Ω・cmであった。
厚さは約350μmであった。
EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below based on examples of GaInAs / InP heterojunction Hall devices. Figure 1
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a GaInAs / InP heterojunction Hall element. 2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views taken along broken lines AA 'and BB' of FIG. A Fe-doped semi-insulating InP single crystal (101) was used for the substrate. The specific resistance of the substrate crystal (101) was 1 × 10 7 Ω · cm.
The thickness was about 350 μm.

【0016】基板(101)上にはアンドープのInP
緩衝層(102)を堆積した。膜厚は約200nmとし
た。緩衝層(102)は温度610℃で成長させた。緩
衝層(102)上に厚さが約400nmのn形Ga0.47
In0.53As感磁層(103)をヘテロ接合させた。両
層は常圧MOVPE法で成長させた。感磁層(103)
も610℃で成長させた。緩衝層(102)、感磁層
(103)のキャリア濃度は各々、2×1015cm-3
2×1016cm-3であった。感磁層(103)のキャリ
ア濃度は硫黄(S)のドーピングにより得た。n形のド
ーパントとしては、セレン(Se)やSiなどが使用で
きる。
Undoped InP is formed on the substrate (101).
A buffer layer (102) was deposited. The film thickness was about 200 nm. The buffer layer (102) was grown at a temperature of 610 ° C. An n-type Ga 0.47 having a thickness of about 400 nm is formed on the buffer layer (102).
The In 0.53 As magnetosensitive layer (103) was heterojunctioned. Both layers were grown by atmospheric pressure MOVPE method. Magnetosensitive layer (103)
Was also grown at 610 ° C. The carrier concentration of the buffer layer (102) and the magnetosensitive layer (103) is 2 × 10 15 cm −3 ,
It was 2 × 10 16 cm −3 . The carrier concentration of the magnetosensitive layer (103) was obtained by doping with sulfur (S). Selenium (Se) or Si can be used as the n-type dopant.

【0017】公知のフォトリソグラフィー技術を駆使し
て先ず、感磁機能を発揮する感磁部と電極部に相当する
領域をパターニングした。この領域に限りフォトレジス
ト材を残存させた。次に全面に質量数が32である酸素
イオンを加速電圧200KVで3×1013cm-2のドー
ズ量で注入した。これにより素子機能領域を絶縁化した
(図1〜3に番号(104)で示す。)。
First, by making full use of a known photolithography technique, a region corresponding to a magnetic sensitive portion exhibiting a magnetic sensitive function and an electrode portion was patterned. The photoresist material was left only in this region. Next, oxygen ions having a mass number of 32 were implanted over the entire surface at an acceleration voltage of 200 KV and a dose of 3 × 10 13 cm -2 . As a result, the element functional region was insulated (shown by number (104) in FIGS. 1 to 3).

【0018】フォトレジスト材で表面を再び被覆した。
公知技術を利用して孔を形成する領域をパターニングし
た。湿式エッチングにより開口直径が30μmの孔(1
05)を形成した。孔(105)は感磁層(103)表
面から基板(101)の裏面へ貫通している。孔(10
5)はホールクロスを[011]結晶方位に形成したた
め、[100]方向に在る素子機能部以外の領域に合計
4個設けた。孔(105)はホールクロスの中央を中心
に対象に配置されている。また、孔(105)はホール
クロスの中心線から45゜の方向に形成した。
The surface was recoated with a photoresist material.
The area in which the holes are to be formed is patterned by using a known technique. Wet etching has a hole (1
05) was formed. The hole (105) penetrates from the surface of the magnetic sensing layer (103) to the back surface of the substrate (101). Hole (10
In 5), since hole crossings were formed in the [011] crystal orientation, a total of four hole crossings were provided in the region other than the element functional portion in the [100] direction. The holes (105) are arranged symmetrically around the center of the hole cross. The holes (105) were formed in the direction of 45 ° from the center line of the hole cross.

【0019】ダイシングライン(106)を利用しスク
ライブし、チップにした。チップは一般的な外囲用エポ
キシ樹脂で外囲した。外囲プロセスの最高の温度は19
0℃であった。
A dicing line (106) was used to scribe and form chips. The chip was surrounded by a general surrounding epoxy resin. The maximum temperature of the surrounding process is 19
It was 0 ° C.

【0020】外囲後、電気特性を評価した。表1に結果
を掲げる。本発明のホール素子では、積感度はモールド
の前後で約770V・A/Tと殆ど変化が認められなか
った。従来例ではモールド後、積感度は601V・A/
Tと約22%低下した。従来例とは孔を設けてないGa
InAs/InPヘテロ接合ホール素子を言う。また、
不平衡率は本発明の場合、モルード前後に於いて±4%
程度とほぼ一定であった。従来例のそれは±11%と劣
化した。
After the surrounding, the electrical characteristics were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1. In the Hall element of the present invention, the product sensitivity before and after molding was about 770 V · A / T, which was hardly changed. In the conventional example, the product sensitivity after molding is 601 V · A /
It was about 22% lower than T. Ga with no holes compared to the conventional example
This is an InAs / InP heterojunction Hall element. Also,
In the case of the present invention, the unbalance rate is ± 4% before and after molding.
It was almost constant with the degree. That of the conventional example deteriorated to ± 11%.

【0021】[0021]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0022】[0022]

【発明の効果】感度、不平衡率の悪化を抑制する効果が
ある。
The present invention has an effect of suppressing deterioration of sensitivity and unbalance ratio.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明のGaInAs/InPヘテロ接合ホー
ル素子の平面模式図である。
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a GaInAs / InP heterojunction Hall element of the present invention.

【図2】図1の破線A−A’に沿う断面模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the broken line A-A ′ in FIG.

【図3】図1の破線B−B’に沿う断面模式図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the broken line B-B ′ of FIG.

【図4】従来のヘテロ接合ホール素子の概略図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a conventional heterojunction Hall element.

【図5】好ましい孔の配置を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a preferred hole arrangement.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

(1) ホール素子 (1−1) 素子機能部 (1−2) 機能部以外の領域 (1−3) ホールクロスの中心 (101) InP単結晶基板 (102) InP緩衝層 (103) Ga0.47In0.53As感磁層 (104) イオン注入による絶縁化領域 (105) 孔 (106) ダイシングライン (107) オーミック入・出力電極 (108) SiO2 絶縁膜 (109) ホールクロス(1) Hall element (1-1) Element functional part (1-2) Area other than functional part (1-3) Center of hole cross (101) InP single crystal substrate (102) InP buffer layer (103) Ga 0.47 In 0.53 As Magnetosensitive layer (104) Insulation region by ion implantation (105) Hole (106) Dicing line (107) Ohmic input / output electrode (108) SiO 2 insulating film (109) Hole cross

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 III−V族化合物半導体基板上に III−
V族化合物半導体ヘテロ接合を使用した感磁層を設けた
ホール素子において、該ヘテロ接合の素子機能部以外の
領域に孔を設けてなることを特徴とするホール素子。
1. A III-V compound semiconductor substrate on a III-V compound semiconductor substrate.
A Hall element provided with a magneto-sensitive layer using a Group V compound semiconductor heterojunction, wherein holes are provided in a region other than the element function part of the heterojunction.
【請求項2】 孔が貫通孔であることを特徴とする請求
項1に記載のホール素子。
2. The hall element according to claim 1, wherein the hole is a through hole.
【請求項3】 ヘテロ接合がGaInAsとInPとか
らなることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のホール
素子。
3. The Hall element according to claim 1, wherein the heterojunction is made of GaInAs and InP.
【請求項4】 ヘテロ接合がGaInAsとAlInA
sとからなることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の
ホール素子。
4. The heterojunction is GaInAs and AlInA.
3. The hall element according to claim 1, wherein the hall element is s.
JP5302002A 1993-12-01 1993-12-01 Hall element Pending JPH07162055A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5302002A JPH07162055A (en) 1993-12-01 1993-12-01 Hall element

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5302002A JPH07162055A (en) 1993-12-01 1993-12-01 Hall element

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JPH07162055A true JPH07162055A (en) 1995-06-23

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7391207B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2008-06-24 Denso Corporation Rotation angle detector
US8704375B2 (en) 2009-02-04 2014-04-22 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. Barrier structures and methods for through substrate vias
CN106416065A (en) * 2013-11-29 2017-02-15 于利奇研究中心有限公司 Capacitively coupled hall effect gyrator

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7391207B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2008-06-24 Denso Corporation Rotation angle detector
US8704375B2 (en) 2009-02-04 2014-04-22 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. Barrier structures and methods for through substrate vias
CN106416065A (en) * 2013-11-29 2017-02-15 于利奇研究中心有限公司 Capacitively coupled hall effect gyrator
JP2017512387A (en) * 2013-11-29 2017-05-18 フォルシュングスツェントルム・ユーリッヒ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング Capacitively coupled gyrator based on Hall effect
CN106416065B (en) * 2013-11-29 2020-05-08 于利奇研究中心有限公司 Hall effect based capacitively coupled gyrator

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