JPH0680036A - Four wheel drive method for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Four wheel drive method for electric vehicleInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0680036A JPH0680036A JP5077672A JP7767293A JPH0680036A JP H0680036 A JPH0680036 A JP H0680036A JP 5077672 A JP5077672 A JP 5077672A JP 7767293 A JP7767293 A JP 7767293A JP H0680036 A JPH0680036 A JP H0680036A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- output shaft
- electric vehicle
- wheels
- wheel drive
- drive method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Landscapes
- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の応用分野】本発明は、電気自動車の駆動方法
に関し、特に１台の２出力軸モータを用い、電気自動車
の４輪駆動を実現するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for driving an electric vehicle, and more particularly, it realizes four-wheel drive of an electric vehicle by using a single two-output shaft motor.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、電気自動車の駆動方法として、中
空ハブにステータを取付け、ホイールにロータを取付け
た４輪を個別に駆動するもの（例えば、特開昭６３−２
７４３０５号公報）はある。また、１台のモータで２出
力を実現するみものとして、互いに逆方向に回転する電
機子回転機構と界磁回転機構を、電動機外枠に対しして
回転自在に設け、電機子回転機構および界磁回転機構の
うちいずれか一方の回転機構に逆回転手段を介して第１
の出力軸を連結し、他方の回転機構には第２の出力軸を
連結して、第１、第２の出力軸を同一方向に回転させる
ものがある（例えば、特開昭５０−１５１３１５号公
報）。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of driving an electric vehicle, one in which a stator is attached to a hollow hub and four wheels each having a rotor are individually driven (for example, JP-A-63-2).
74305). Further, as a feature of realizing two outputs with one motor, an armature rotating mechanism and a field rotating mechanism that rotate in mutually opposite directions are rotatably provided with respect to the outer frame of the electric motor. A first rotating mechanism is provided to one of the rotating mechanisms of the field rotating mechanism via the reverse rotating means.
There is one in which the second output shaft is connected to the other rotating mechanism to rotate the first and second output shafts in the same direction (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-151315). Gazette).
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、従来の技術
においては、以下に述べるような問題を持っていた。 １）前者は、モータが各車輪用に１台づつ必要であるた
め、車体重量の増加を招く。 ２）後者は、優れた機構であるが、電気自動車への装着
方法が明示されていない。特に、４輪駆動用に適用する
場合は、一般的には、このモータを２台必要とする考え
られる。従って、車体重量の増加を招く可能性がある。
電気自動車は、１充電当たりの走行距離を長くするため
に、多くのバッテリーを搭載する必要があり可能な限り
の軽量化が要求される。とともに、バッテリー搭載スペ
ースの確保が、居住空間部にしわよせされる。そこで、
本発明は、車体重量の増加を招くことなく、居住性をよ
くするための電気自動車の４輪駆動を実現する駆動方法
を提案することを目的とする。However, the conventional technique has the following problems. 1) The former requires one motor for each wheel, resulting in an increase in vehicle weight. 2) The latter is an excellent mechanism, but the method of mounting it on an electric vehicle is not specified. In particular, when it is applied to four-wheel drive, it is generally considered that two motors are required. Therefore, the weight of the vehicle body may increase.
In order to extend the mileage per charge, an electric vehicle needs to be equipped with many batteries and is required to be as light as possible. At the same time, securing the space for installing the battery is wrinkled in the living space. Therefore,
An object of the present invention is to propose a driving method for realizing four-wheel drive of an electric vehicle for improving the comfort without increasing the weight of the vehicle body.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記問題を解決するた
め、本発明は、１台の２出力軸モータを車軸方向に配置
し、２つの出力軸を、プロペラシャフトを介し、前後輪
駆動用の差動機構に連結し、前後左右の４輪を駆動す
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention arranges a single two-output shaft motor in the axial direction, and uses two output shafts for driving front and rear wheels via a propeller shaft. It is connected to a differential mechanism and drives the front, rear, left and right four wheels.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】１台の２出力軸モータで前後左右の４輪を駆動
する。[Operation] Four front, rear, left and right wheels are driven by one dual output shaft motor.
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明
する。図１は、本発明に用いる２出力軸モータの構造を
示す側断面図である。一例として、インダクションモー
タの場合を述べる。内側ロータ１は、外側ロータ５のブ
ラケット４ａ、４ｂに設けたベアリング２ａ，２ｂとモ
ータフレーム１１のブラケット１０ｂに設けたベアリン
グ３ｂにより回動自在に支持されている。内側ロータ１
の出力軸７はブラケット１０ｂの外側（図の左側）まで
伸ばされている。外側ロータ５の内径側に３相多極巻線
５ａをコア５ｂに収納してある。外側ロータ５のブラケ
ット４ａの端面には、出力軸８を固定してある。外側ロ
ータ５はブラケット４ｂに設けたベアリング２ｂとモー
タフレーム１１のブラケット１０ａに設けたベアリング
３ａにより回動自在に支持されている。外側ロータ５の
出力軸８は、ブラケット１０ａの外側（図の右側）まで
伸ばされている。外側ロータ５の巻線５ａへの給電は、
出力軸８に設けたスリップリング６ａとブラケット１０
ａに設けたブラシ６ｂにより行う。また、出力軸７と８
のベアリング３ａおよび３ｂの外側には、速度検出器９
ａ，９ｂの回転側を設けてあり、固定側はブラケット１
０ａ，１０ｂに固定されている。外側ロータ５の巻線５
ａに３相交流を給電すると、内側ロータ１と外側ロータ
５には、互いに逆方向のトルクが生じ、相対回転する。
この２出力軸モータＡは、従来例に挙げた特開昭５０−
１５１３１５号公報のものをインダクションモータに置
き換えたものであり、同期電動機の場合も同様な構成と
なる。なお、このモータの駆動は広変速範囲のインバー
タで行い、従来の減速機構を省略している。図２は、本
発明の２出力軸モータＡと駆動機構の配置を示す平面図
である。図２（ａ）は、２出力軸モータＡを、ボディー
フレーム１７の中央に、出力軸を車軸方向に配置し、自
在継手１２ａ，１２ｂ、プロペラシャフト１３ａ，１３
ｂを介し、前後の左右輪１５Ｌ，１５Ｒ，１６Ｌ，１６
Ｒ用差動機構１４ａ，１４ｂに入力する４輪駆動方式の
例である。この時、前後のどちらかの差動機構１４ａ、
１４ｂは、２出力軸モータＡの回転方向を反転させ、前
輪と後輪の回転方向を合わせる構造となっている。図２
（ｂ）は、２出力軸モータＡをボディーフレーム１７の
前方に配置し、前輪１５Ｌ，１５Ｒ用差動機構１４ａに
２出力軸モータＡの出力軸７または８のいずれかを直接
入力し、後輪用には図２（ａ）と同様、自在継手１２
ｂ，プロペラシャフト１３ｂを介し、差動機構１４ｂに
動力を伝達する。図２（ｃ）は、図２（ｂ）の反対で、
２出力軸モータＡをボディーフレームの後方に配置し、
後輪１６Ｌ，１６Ｒ用差動機構１４ｂに２出力軸モータ
Ａの出力軸７または８のいずれかを直接入力し、前輪用
には図２（ａ）と同様、自在継手１２ａ，プロペラシャ
フト１３ａを介して差動機構１４ａに動力を伝達するも
のであり、ミッドシップタイプの電気自動車に適する。
図３は、本発明の第４の実施例の駆動系を示す平面図で
ある。２出力軸モータＡをボディーフレーム１７の中央
・車軸方向に設け、差動機構１４ａ，１４ｂの最終駆動
大歯車のベベルギヤ１４ｃ，１４ｄとプロペラシャフト
１３ａ，１３ｂの先端に設けた最終駆動小歯車のベベル
ギヤ１３ｃ，１３ｄを、前方から見て同じ側（図３では
右側）で噛み合わせてある。こうすることにより、前輪
と後輪の回転方向が同じになるので、実施例および第
２、第３の実施例の逆転機構１８を省略できる。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing the structure of a two-output shaft motor used in the present invention. As an example, the case of an induction motor will be described. The inner rotor 1 is rotatably supported by bearings 2a and 2b provided on the brackets 4a and 4b of the outer rotor 5 and a bearing 3b provided on the bracket 10b of the motor frame 11. Inner rotor 1
The output shaft 7 of is extended to the outside of the bracket 10b (left side in the drawing). A three-phase multipole winding 5a is housed in a core 5b on the inner diameter side of the outer rotor 5. An output shaft 8 is fixed to the end surface of the bracket 4a of the outer rotor 5. The outer rotor 5 is rotatably supported by a bearing 2b provided on the bracket 4b and a bearing 3a provided on the bracket 10a of the motor frame 11. The output shaft 8 of the outer rotor 5 extends to the outside of the bracket 10a (right side in the figure). The power supply to the winding 5a of the outer rotor 5 is
Slip ring 6a and bracket 10 provided on the output shaft 8
The brush 6b provided in a is used. Also, output shafts 7 and 8
The speed detector 9 is provided outside the bearings 3a and 3b.
The rotation side of a and 9b is provided, and the fixed side is the bracket 1
It is fixed to 0a and 10b. Winding 5 of outer rotor 5
When three-phase alternating current is supplied to a, torques in opposite directions are generated in the inner rotor 1 and the outer rotor 5, and the inner rotor 1 and the outer rotor 5 relatively rotate.
This two-output shaft motor A is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
An induction motor is used instead of the one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 151315, and the same configuration is applied to a synchronous motor. The motor is driven by an inverter with a wide speed range, and the conventional speed reduction mechanism is omitted. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the two-output shaft motor A and the drive mechanism of the present invention. 2A, the two output shaft motor A is arranged in the center of the body frame 17 with the output shaft in the axial direction, and the universal joints 12a and 12b and the propeller shafts 13a and 13 are arranged.
Front and rear left and right wheels 15L, 15R, 16L, 16 via b
This is an example of a four-wheel drive system for inputting to the R differential mechanisms 14a and 14b. At this time, either the front or rear differential mechanism 14a,
14b has a structure in which the rotation direction of the two-output shaft motor A is reversed to match the rotation directions of the front wheels and the rear wheels. Figure 2
In (b), the two-output shaft motor A is arranged in front of the body frame 17, and either the output shaft 7 or 8 of the two-output shaft motor A is directly input to the differential mechanism 14a for the front wheels 15L and 15R. For wheels, the universal joint 12 as in Fig. 2 (a)
Power is transmitted to the differential mechanism 14b via the b and the propeller shaft 13b. 2 (c) is the opposite of FIG. 2 (b),
2 Place the output shaft motor A behind the body frame,
Either the output shaft 7 or 8 of the two-output shaft motor A is directly input to the differential mechanism 14b for the rear wheels 16L and 16R, and the universal joint 12a and the propeller shaft 13a are used for the front wheels as in FIG. 2 (a). The power is transmitted to the differential mechanism 14a via the differential mechanism 14a, and is suitable for a midship type electric vehicle.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a drive system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The two output shaft motor A is provided in the center / axle direction of the body frame 17, and the bevel gears 14c and 14d of the final drive large gears of the differential mechanisms 14a and 14b and the bevel gear of the final drive small gear provided at the tips of the propeller shafts 13a and 13b. 13c and 13d are meshed on the same side (right side in FIG. 3) when viewed from the front. By doing so, since the front wheels and the rear wheels rotate in the same direction, the reversing mechanism 18 of the embodiment and the second and third embodiments can be omitted.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明によれば、以
下に示すような効果が得られる。 １．駆動４輪を１台の２出力軸モータと広範囲作動のイ
ンバータ駆動とするので、駆動系の重量が減少する。 ２．駆動モータを前後輪間に配置し、用途に応じて駆動
モータの位置と連結方法を変更できるようにし、フロン
トボンネットもしくはトランクの内部空間を、バッテリ
ーの配置スペース用として空けられるようにしたので、
バッテリー搭載空間が居住空間まで占拠することなく居
住空間を快適にとることができる。 ３．駆動部の軸線を、進行方向と同一にできるので、走
行時の外気を内部に取り込み易くなり、冷却能力を向上
できる。As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. 1. Since the driving four wheels are driven by a single two-output shaft motor and driven in a wide range by an inverter, the weight of the drive system is reduced. 2. Since the drive motor is placed between the front and rear wheels, the position of the drive motor and the connection method can be changed according to the application, and the internal space of the front bonnet or trunk can be freed for the battery placement space.
The living space can be comfortably occupied without occupying the living space with the battery. 3. Since the axis of the drive unit can be made the same as the traveling direction, it becomes easy to take in outside air during traveling, and the cooling capacity can be improved.
【図１】 本発明に用いる２出力軸モータの側断面図。FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a two-output shaft motor used in the present invention.
【図２】 （ａ）本発明の駆動系を示す平面図、（ｂ）
本発明の第２の実施例の駆動系を示す平面図、（ｃ）本
発明の第３の実施例の駆動系を示す平面図。2A is a plan view showing a drive system of the present invention, FIG.
The top view which shows the drive system of the 2nd Example of this invention, (c) The top view which shows the drive system of the 3rd Example of this invention.
【図３】 本発明の第４の実施例の駆動系を示す平面
図。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a drive system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Ａ ２出力軸モータ １ 内側ロータ ２ａ，２ｂ，３ａ，３ｂ ベアリング ４ａ，４ｂ，１０ａ，１０ｂ ブラケット ５ 外側ロータ ５ａ 巻線 ５ｂ コア ６ａ スリップリング ６ｂ ブラシ ７，８ 出力軸 ９ａ，９ｂ 速度検出器 １１ モータフレーム １２ａ，１２ｂ 自在継手 １３ａ，１３ｂ プロペラシャフト １３ｃ，１３ｄ，１４ｃ，１４ｄ ベベルギヤ １４ａ，１４ｂ 差動機構 １５Ｌ，１５Ｒ 前輪 １６Ｌ，１６Ｒ 後輪 １７ ボディーフレーム １８ 逆転機構 A 2 output shaft motor 1 inner rotor 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b bearing 4a, 4b, 10a, 10b bracket 5 outer rotor 5a winding 5b core 6a slip ring 6b brush 7,8 output shaft 9a, 9b speed detector 11 motor Frame 12a, 12b Universal joint 13a, 13b Propeller shaft 13c, 13d, 14c, 14d Bevel gear 14a, 14b Differential mechanism 15L, 15R Front wheel 16L, 16R Rear wheel 17 Body frame 18 Reverse rotation mechanism
Claims (5)
台の２出力軸モータを車軸方向に配置し、プロペラシャ
フトを介し、一方の出力軸を前輪の差動機構に連結し、
他方を後輪の差動機構に連結し、前後左右の４輪を駆動
することを特徴とする電気自動車の４輪駆動方法。1. A four-wheel drive method for an electric vehicle, comprising:
The two output shaft motors of the stand are arranged in the axle direction, and one output shaft is connected to the front wheel differential mechanism via the propeller shaft,
A four-wheel drive method for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the other is connected to a rear wheel differential mechanism to drive the front, rear, left and right four wheels.
配置した請求項１記載の電気自動車の４輪駆動方法。2. The four-wheel drive method for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the two-output shaft motor is arranged in a central portion of the vehicle.
ロペラシャフトの間に逆転機構を、双方のプロペラシャ
フトと差動機構の間に自在継手を設けた請求項１または
２記載の電気自動車の４輪駆動方法。3. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a reverse rotation mechanism is provided between one output shaft of the two-output shaft motor and a propeller shaft, and a universal joint is provided between both propeller shafts and a differential mechanism. 4 wheel drive method.
ロペラシャフトの間に逆転機構と自在継手を設け、他方
の出力軸を直接差動機構に連結した請求項１または２記
載の電気自動車の４輪駆動方法。4. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a reverse rotation mechanism and a universal joint are provided between one output shaft of the two-output shaft motor and a propeller shaft, and the other output shaft is directly connected to the differential mechanism. 4 wheel drive method.
歯車のベベルギヤとプロペラシャフトの先端に設けた最
終小歯車のベベルギヤを、前方から見て同じ側で噛み合
わせた請求項１または２記載の電気自動車の４輪駆動方
法。5. The bevel gear of the final large gear of the differential mechanism of the front wheels and the rear wheels and the bevel gear of the final small gear provided at the tip of the propeller shaft are meshed on the same side when viewed from the front. A four-wheel drive method for the electric vehicle described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5077672A JPH0680036A (en) | 1992-07-13 | 1993-03-10 | Four wheel drive method for electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4-209785 | 1992-07-13 | ||
| JP20978592 | 1992-07-13 | ||
| JP5077672A JPH0680036A (en) | 1992-07-13 | 1993-03-10 | Four wheel drive method for electric vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0680036A true JPH0680036A (en) | 1994-03-22 |
Family
ID=26418750
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5077672A Pending JPH0680036A (en) | 1992-07-13 | 1993-03-10 | Four wheel drive method for electric vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0680036A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010284067A (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2010-12-16 | Takeuchi Sukemasa | Electric activated/transmission device for vehicle |
| JP2011194911A (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-10-06 | Mazda Motor Corp | Battery and motor mounting structure of electric vehicle |
| WO2013042211A1 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-03-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle drive device |
| KR20140099260A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2014-08-11 | 독터. 인제니어. 하.체. 에프. 포르쉐 악티엔게젤샤프트 | Drive train of a purely electrically all-wheel drivable motor vehicle |
| JP2015036288A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-02-23 | 株式会社 神崎高級工機製作所 | Electric vehicle having loading space |
| WO2018014481A1 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-01-25 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile and transmission system thereof |
| CN108773294A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-09 | 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 | The electric vehicle of single motor four-wheel drive is started to walk and travel control method |
| CN108953545A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-07 | 罗显平 | The automatic catch automobile of no-clutch, gearbox |
| CN109455081A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-03-12 | 罗显平 | The hybrid power automatic catch automobile of no-clutch, gearbox |
| KR102080773B1 (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-02-24 | 연성은 | Through type helical gear structure of vehicle |
| JP2022522529A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2022-04-19 | シーアール フライト エル．エル．シー． | Reverse rotation axial flow electric motor assembly |
-
1993
- 1993-03-10 JP JP5077672A patent/JPH0680036A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010284067A (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2010-12-16 | Takeuchi Sukemasa | Electric activated/transmission device for vehicle |
| JP2011194911A (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-10-06 | Mazda Motor Corp | Battery and motor mounting structure of electric vehicle |
| JPWO2013042211A1 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle drive device |
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