CA2109321A1 - Four wheel drive hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Four wheel drive hybrid vehicle

Info

Publication number
CA2109321A1
CA2109321A1 CA002109321A CA2109321A CA2109321A1 CA 2109321 A1 CA2109321 A1 CA 2109321A1 CA 002109321 A CA002109321 A CA 002109321A CA 2109321 A CA2109321 A CA 2109321A CA 2109321 A1 CA2109321 A1 CA 2109321A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
propshaft
electric motor
axle
permanent
motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002109321A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Alfred Gahleitner
Andreas Geelink
Roland Heidl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audi AG
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2109321A1 publication Critical patent/CA2109321A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/356—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/262—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators the motor or generator are used as clutch, e.g. between engine and driveshaft
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The invention proposes a two-axle hybrid vehicle with an internal combustion engine and an electric drive, the internal combustion engine being accommodated at the front and all four wheels being driven (the rear wheels via a propshaft). The electric motor is assigned to the propshaft and designed as a permanent-magnet synchronous motor, the rotor of which is formed by part of the propshaft. By this means, permanent all-wheel drive is provided both when operating with the internal combustion engine and in the electric mode.

Description

~` -' 21D9321 ~ wo 92/205~4 1 PcT/EP92/007~s ~`' ' .
FOUR WHEEL DRIVE HYBRID VEHICLE

The invention relates to a two-axle motor vehicle in accordance with the precharacterizing clause of Claim 1.

Such two-axle motor vehicles, which are conventionally driven via an internal combustion engine and have permanent all-wheel i 10 drive, are state-of-the-art and are sold by the Applicant under ~;3 the trademark "Quattro".
x ~
Hybrid vehicles, which can be driven both via an internal l; co~bustion engine as well as via an electric motor, are known, R~ 15 for the purpose of meeting existing or proposed legal requirements. The usual procedure is to have either the i! internal combustion engine or the electric motor act on a dri~en $ axle or to assign the internal combustion engine ~o one axle and the electric motQr to the other axle (see DE-A 39 40 172). A
review of the state of development of electric and hybrid vehicles is provided by A. Gahleitner, Stand der Entwicklung von Elektro-StraBenfahrzeugen, OZE, Vol. 42, No. 5, p. 179 ff.

This requires a relatively involved drive concept.
The object of the invention is to reduce the outlay for the drive concept.

According to the invention, thls can be achieved in a motor vehicle of generic type by combining the electric motor with the propeller shaft. This solution offers the advantage that the permanent all-wheel drive already available is also retained in the electric-motor type of operation. However, the advantages are even more pronounced if the electric motor can also be connected up as a generator in order to recover electrical ., , , . ", . ,. ., - ,.

~ 2I09321 !.:, wo 92/205~4 2 PCT/EP92/007~9 energy from the mechanical energy during braking or in overrun mode, e.g. when running downhill. In the arrangement of the present invention, during recovery mode all four wheels are -acted upon simultaneously by braking force, and as a result ~'5 uncontrolled operation, particularly on slippery roads, does not occur, rather braking action occurs in a conventional and familiar manner. Prior art vehicles were in this case only capable of braking two wheels, which can lead to dangerous operating conditions.
~ 10 The avoidance of viscous couplings makes it possible to retain -the output both to the front and rear.

According to the present invention, it is advantageous to use a permanent-magnet synchronous motor, in this case one section of the propshaft providing the rotor, the propshaft merely being provided with permanent magnets, which are preferably glued on.
An additional tape affixes the magnets. Surrounded by the stator windings, a small constructional unit is achieved. The speed of rotation of the propshaft is designed so that, even at maximum speed, the permissible speed of rotation for the electric motor (about 10,000 revolutions/ minute) is not exceeded. This advantage is difficult to achieve in the case of other motors without appropriate gearing, since the rotor windings cannot withstand such high speeds of rotation.

This makes is possible to combine the electric motor and the rear-axle differential to form a single constructional unit, so that the electric motor can be arranged in a manner which saves space and allows favorable weight distribution in the vehicle.

As follows, the invention is described with reference to the drawing. There is shown~

- :

~ 21~9321 W0 92/205~ 3 PC~/EP92/007~9 Fig. 1 a side view illustrating the installation position;

Fig. 2 a section through the electric motor.

Reference numeral 10 shows a hybrid vehicle which, in the region of the front wheels 18, has an internal combustion engine 16 and an adjoining gearbox 12. At the gearbox output there is an intermediate differential, via which, on the one hand, a drive shaft a~ts on the front wheels 18, and by which, via a propshaft 20 and a rear-axle differential 14, the rear wheels 22 are ~ driven.

! In addition, there is provided an electric motor 24, which is supplied with ele~trical energy by means of a set 26 of batteries and which can drive the propshaft.

The construction of the electric motor is shown in detail in ;~ Fig. 2. The electric motor has a rotor or runner 32 and a stander or stator 34, the stator 34 being formed by individual windings with corresponding winding overhangs 36.

The rotor 32 forms thereby part of the propshaft 20 and is connected directly to it by a flange 44. The outside of the rotor 32 has permanent magnets 38 bonded to it. An air gap 40 is provided between the taped permanent magnets 38 and the stator 34. A housing 42 surrounds the construction.

In area 46, opposite the end 44 with the flanged-on propshaft 20, the electric motor 24 is connected directly to the rear-axle differential 14.

Through the design of the electric motor as permanent-magnet ~3 synchronous motor, a speed of revolution of the rotor 32 of up to 10,000 revollltions per minute is possible, so that also in 1'' ~
. .~ .

1;. ' ,....

~` -` 2~ Q9321 WO 92/205~4 :l the case of high-speed vehicles a continuous running of the motor 24 is possible, without the motor being damaged.

`~:

.
', ~, ,~ .

Claims (4)

PATENT CLAIMS
1. Two-axle motor vehicle with an engine/gearbox unit (16, 18) in the region of the front axle (12), a driven front axle (12), an output via an intermediate differential, a propshaft (20) and a rear-axle differential (22) to the rear wheels in order to achieve a permanent all-wheel drive, characterized by an electric motor (24) for the purpose of driving the propshaft (20).
2. Motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor (24) contains two outputs, one of which leads over the propshaft (20) to the front wheels, and the second of which leads over the rear-axle differential (22) to the rear wheels.
3. Motor vehicle according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the electric motor (24) is a permanent-magnet synchronous motor, the rotor of which is formed by a propshaft section fitted with permanent magnets and surrounded by the stator.
4. Motor vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that the electric motor is combined with the rear-axle differential to form one constructional unit.
CA002109321A 1991-05-10 1992-04-03 Four wheel drive hybrid vehicle Abandoned CA2109321A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4115306.5 1991-05-10
DE4115306A DE4115306A1 (en) 1991-05-10 1991-05-10 TWO-AXLE MOTOR VEHICLE

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2109321A1 true CA2109321A1 (en) 1992-11-11

Family

ID=6431404

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002109321A Abandoned CA2109321A1 (en) 1991-05-10 1992-04-03 Four wheel drive hybrid vehicle

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0584090B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07505591A (en)
AT (1) ATE112721T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2109321A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4115306A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1992020544A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8812197B2 (en) 2010-05-27 2014-08-19 Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Hybrid wheel loader

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GB2275309B (en) 1993-02-22 1997-10-29 Yang Tai Her Differential coupling and compounding system
DE4320993C2 (en) * 1993-06-24 1999-05-12 Porsche Ag Compact passenger car
FR2723553A1 (en) * 1994-08-12 1996-02-16 Villibord Maurice Marcel Motor vehicle with internal combustion engine drive and electrical battery drive
US5908077A (en) * 1995-01-30 1999-06-01 Chrysler Corporation Environmentally sensitive hybrid vehicle
DE19639904B4 (en) * 1995-09-29 2004-11-11 Fuji Jukogyo K.K. Drive unit for a hybrid vehicle
JP3255012B2 (en) * 1996-05-02 2002-02-12 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Hybrid car
JP3861321B2 (en) 1996-05-02 2006-12-20 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Hybrid car
DE10049197B4 (en) * 2000-10-05 2017-02-09 Daimler Ag hybrid vehicle
US7174978B2 (en) 2002-03-29 2007-02-13 Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. Hybrid drive unit, and front-engine/rear-drive type automobile having the hybrid drive unit mounted thereon
US20050205313A1 (en) * 2004-03-19 2005-09-22 Gilmore Curt D Hybrid vehicle with power assisted prop shaft
DE102005026874B4 (en) * 2005-06-10 2017-05-11 Volkswagen Ag Device and method for driving a vehicle
GB0603452D0 (en) 2006-02-22 2006-04-05 Ford Global Tech Llc Hybrid motor vehicle driveline
GB0607046D0 (en) * 2006-04-07 2006-05-17 Ford Global Tech Llc
DE102011076530A1 (en) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Bearing arrangement of an electrical machine
US20130038179A1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2013-02-14 Honeywell International Inc. Landing gear with integrated electric motor for electric taxi system
JP2014104967A (en) * 2012-11-26 2014-06-09 Nisshin Denki:Kk Drive shaft utilizing power generating device
KR101701939B1 (en) * 2015-08-17 2017-02-02 박태수 Fuel saving driving assistance apparatus and method for vehicle

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DE467381C (en) * 1928-10-25 Esslingen Maschf Electric drive device for motor vehicles
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US3904883A (en) * 1973-06-22 1975-09-09 Products Inc Low or zero pollution hybrid energy converter and transmission unit
JPS6141834U (en) * 1984-08-20 1986-03-17 マツダ株式会社 rotary piston engine
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DE3940172A1 (en) * 1989-12-05 1991-06-06 Audi Ag TWO AXLE VEHICLE

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8812197B2 (en) 2010-05-27 2014-08-19 Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Hybrid wheel loader

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59200632D1 (en) 1994-11-17
WO1992020544A1 (en) 1992-11-26
DE4115306A1 (en) 1992-11-12
EP0584090B1 (en) 1994-10-12
JPH07505591A (en) 1995-06-22
EP0584090A1 (en) 1994-03-02
ATE112721T1 (en) 1994-10-15

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FZDE Discontinued