JPH0678747B2 - Planetary gear reduction type starter - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a planetary gear reduction starter, and more particularly to a lubricating oil film on the sliding surface between the outer peripheral surface of a planetary gear support pin and the inner peripheral surface on the planetary gear side. The present invention relates to a planetary gear reduction type starter suitable for forming

[Background of the Invention]

A conventional planetary gear reduction type starter, as described in JP-A-59-221463, has a bearing, such as a needle bearing, fixed to the inner diameter surface of the planetary gear by press fitting, etc., so that it can be rotated by a planetary gear support pin. Was supported. But,
Outer peripheral part of planetary gear support pin, inner peripheral part of bearing on planetary gear side,
No consideration was given to seizure or abnormal wear of the inner circumference of the planetary gears.

The actual condition will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 12 is a front sectional view of a general planetary gear reduction type starter.

In FIG. 12, 1 is a plurality (for example, 3) of planetary gears,
2'is a planetary gear support pin fixed to the planetary arm 3 by a method such as press fitting, 4 is a starter motor, 4a is an armature shaft of the starter motor 4, and 5 is a central sun gear fixed to the armature shaft 4a. (Hereinafter, simply referred to as the sun gear), 6 is an internal gear related to the outer sun gear.

The planet gear supporting pin 2'is fixed to the planet arm 3 for transmitting to the revolution output side of the planet gear 1 ', and the planet gear 1'
Is rotatably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin 2 ′ directly or via a planetary gear bearing (for example, a needle bearing, a slide bearing, etc.) with a minute gap maintained.

The planetary gear 1 ′ meshes with the sun gear 5 provided at one end of the armature shaft 4 a of the starter motor 4 or the internal gear 6
Engage with them and perform revolution and revolution.

The internal gear is supported by meshing with an external gear coupling 7 a provided on the center bracket 7, and the center bracket 7 is fixed to a gear case 8.

When the components of the planetary gear reducer are assembled, the internal gear 6 and the plurality of planetary gears 1'are substantially sealed in the annular space 9 formed by the center bracket 7 and the armature-side center bracket 11. Held in a state. Grease is filled in the annular space 9 to lubricate the meshing portions of the sun gear 5, the planetary gear 1 ′, and the internal gear 6.

When the armature shaft 4a rotates, the plurality of planet gears 1'revolves around the sun gear 5 while rotating, and the revolution is taken out to the pinion shaft 10 on the output side via the planet arm 3. Therefore, the planetary gear 1'has the sun gear 5 and the internal gear 6
The planetary gear support pins 2'which receive the meshing reaction force from both of them and receive the load are under extremely severe conditions.

Further, in the starter, the switch is often restarted, and at that time, the ring gear (not shown) fixed to the engine shaft and the pinion 10a mesh with each other in a shocking manner, and the planetary gear support pin 2'is in the normal state. A load of several times is applied, and it becomes a very severe use condition.

However, the lubrication between the planetary gear support pin 2'and the planetary gear bearing was performed by applying grease to the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin 2'which is a smooth surface and the bearing inner diameter surface.

When the starter is started, since the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin 2'is smooth, the grease is easily discharged to the outside from both ends by centrifugal force and the lubrication between the planetary gear bearing and the planetary gear support pin 2'is poor. Becomes Further, since the planetary gear support pin 2'has a high load, the oil film is easily broken and often comes into a financial contact state, and seizure or abnormal wear of the planetary gear support pin 2'and the planetary gear bearing, for example, a needle bearing. Occur. As a result, the radial clearance between the planetary gear support pin 2'and the planetary gear bearing becomes excessive, vibration noise increases, and further damage to the planetary gear bearing or the planetary gear support pin 2'such as flaking. There was a problem that it occurred and the function as a starter was impaired.

[Object of the Invention]

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and sufficiently holds the lubricating oil on the sliding surface between the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin and the inner peripheral surface on the planetary gear side, Printing,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a planetary gear speed reduction starter having an excellent lubrication structure for preventing occurrence of abnormal wear.

[Outline of Invention]

The planetary gear speed reduction type starter according to the present invention is provided with a central sun gear provided on an armature shaft of a starter motor, an internal gear related to an outer sun gear, and both of which rotate and revolve by mutual meshing. A plurality of planetary gears and a planetary arm for transmitting the revolution of the planetary gears to the output side, and the plurality of planetary gears are rotatably fitted to a planetary gear support pin fixed to the planetary arm. In the planetary gear reduction type starter, an uneven surface portion to be filled with a lubricant is formed on at least one surface of the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin and the inner peripheral surface on the planetary gear side fitted to the pin. With
The concavo-convex surface portion communicates with the oil hole communicating from the end surface of the planetary gear support pin to the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin.

In addition, according to the present invention, an uneven surface portion is formed on at least one of the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin 2 and the inner peripheral surface on the planetary gear side so that the grease can be sufficiently retained.

Further, the planetary gear support pin is provided with a through hole communicating from the end face to the outer peripheral face so that the grease can be supplied to the sliding face.

Since the surface of the uneven surface portion is a sliding surface, the projection portion is processed to be smooth, and the concave portion serves as an oil reservoir.

Example of Invention

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a planetary gear unit of a planetary gear reduction type starter according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the planetary gear support pin, and FIG. 3 is A of FIG. FIG.

The present embodiment is a case where a needle bearing 12 is used as a bearing for a planetary gear in a planetary gear reduction type starter having the same configuration as described above with reference to FIG. That is, the planetary gear support pin 2 that is press-fitted to the planetary arm 3 is rotatably fitted to the planetary gear 1 into which the needle bearing 12 is press-fitted while maintaining a minute gap.

The planetary gear support pin 2 has a groove 13 forming an uneven surface portion on the outer peripheral surface 2a thereof. The groove 13 is connected in the circumferential direction, and the roller 12 of the needle bearing 12 is axially connected.
It is connected to a plurality of lateral grooves 13a having a length smaller than the width M of a. The boss length of the planetary gear 1 is L. The cross-sectional shapes of the grooves 13 and 13a are rectangular, U-shaped, V-shaped, etc., but the bottom of the groove is rounded so that there are no corners to prevent the strength from decreasing. Then, a lateral hole 14 is formed in the axial direction from the end surface 2b of the planetary gear support pin 2, and a plurality of vertical holes 15 are formed in the groove 13 of the outer peripheral surface 2a so as to penetrate each other. In other words, the groove 13 of the uneven surface portion formed on the outer peripheral surface 2a of the planetary gear support pin 2 communicates with the oil hole communicating from the end surface 2b of the planetary gear support pin 2 to the outer peripheral surface 2a of the planetary gear support pin 2. Is configured.

The horizontal holes 14 and the vertical holes 15 related to the oil holes can be filled with grease related to a lubricant in advance, and the sliding surface can be gradually replenished with grease by centrifugal force during operation.

A more sufficient lubrication condition can be obtained by cutting the screw at the end of the lateral hole 14 so that the filled grease does not scatter and covering with a small screw.

Since the load applied to the planetary gear support pins 2 is always applied in a constant direction during operation, it is necessary to shift the axial grooves 13a in the circumferential direction so as not to coincide with the load direction.

According to this embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 2a of the planetary gear support pin 2 is provided with the grooves 13 and 13a for enclosing grease, and the oil hole communicating from the end surface 2b of the planetary gear support pin 2 to the outer peripheral surface 2a is formed. By providing the grease, it is possible to reliably retain the grease, and by rotating the planetary gear 1 on the sliding surface where the outer peripheral surface 2a of the planetary gear support pin and the inner peripheral surface of the roller 12a of the needle bearing 12 on the planetary gear side are fitted. Since an oil film is formed and a good lubricating state is achieved, seizure of the sliding surface, abnormal wear, flaking, etc. can be prevented, and the durability of the planetary gear reduction starter can be improved.

In the case of a starter, the planetary gear reducer is not operated continuously, so the temperature near the planetary gear is moderately heated and cooled, the grease flow becomes smooth, and it is used for continuous operation. Better lubrication than when

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a planetary gear support portion of a planetary gear reduction type starter according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of section C of FIG.

The embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5 is a case where the planetary gear bearing is not used on the planetary gear side, but the planetary gear 1A and the planetary gear support pin 2A are directly slid, and the inner peripheral surface 1a of the planetary gear 1A is A groove 17 for forming an uneven surface portion is provided. In FIG. 4, only part of the teeth of the planetary gear 1A is shown, and the root diameter is shown by the chain double-dashed line. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those of the first and second parts are equivalent to those of the previous embodiment.

The cross-sectional shape of the groove 17 is rectangular, U-shaped, V-shaped or the like as in the previous embodiment. The direction of the groove 17 can be axial, circumferential, or orthogonal to both directions. FIG. 5 shows an example of a U-shaped cross section and an axial groove.

The planetary gear support pin 2A is provided with a horizontal hole 14 and a plurality of vertical holes 15 that communicate with the outer peripheral surface 2a, that is, the sliding surface from the end thereof.
Grease 16 is filled in the through hole.

Similar to the planetary gear reduction type starter shown in FIG. 12, when the armature shaft 4 rotates, the planetary gear 1A revolves around the planetary gear support pin 2A while rotating on its axis.

In the planetary gear reduction type starter, the load direction applied to the planetary gear support pin 2A is constant, but the direction in which the centrifugal force acts constantly changes as the planet arm 3 rotates. At the rotational position where the direction of the centrifugal force coincides with the direction of the vertical hole 15, the grease 16 is pushed out to the sliding surface with the greatest force, so that at least one of the plurality of vertical holes 15 is aligned with the centrifugal force direction X The gear support pin 2A is fixed to the planet arm 3. At that time, the direction Y of the force acting on the planetary gear support pin 2A is the centrifugal force direction X.
Since it makes an angle of about 90 °, it is necessary that the direction of the vertical hole 15 does not coincide with that direction. If the vertical hole 15 coincides with the direction of the force acting on the planetary gear support pin 2A, the area under load is reduced, and the surface pressure strength of the contact surface may be reduced. The axial length of the groove 17 is made smaller than the boss length L of the planetary gear 1A so that the grease 16 does not flow out in the axial direction.

According to this embodiment, the groove 17 for filling the grease is formed on the inner peripheral surface 1a of the planetary gear 1A, and the planetary gear support pin is formed.
By providing a through hole that communicates from the end surface of 2A to the outer peripheral surface 2a, the same effect as that of the previous embodiment is expected.

In particular, the grease 16 extruded from the vertical hole 15 of the planetary gear support pin 2A by centrifugal force is stored in the groove 17 formed in the inner peripheral surface 1a of the planetary gear 1A, and is rotated on the sliding surface by the rotation of the planetary gear 1A. Can form an oil film and maintain a good lubrication state. In addition, abrasion powder is generated by the planetary gear 1A and the planetary gear support pin 2A.
Even if it intrudes between the inner and outer surfaces of the planetary gear, the abrasion powder is collected at the bottom of the groove 17 formed on the inner peripheral surface 1a of the planetary gear, the sliding surface is clean, and seizure and abnormal wear can be prevented.

Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a planetary gear unit of a planetary gear reduction type starter according to still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a development view of an inner peripheral surface of the planetary gear of FIG. 6, and FIG. , DD of FIG.
FIG. In the figure, the parts having the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 above are the same parts, and therefore their explanations are omitted.

In this embodiment, similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5, the uneven surface portion for enclosing grease is formed on the inner peripheral surface 1a of the planetary gear 1B, but the groove 18 forming the uneven surface portion is formed. Are arranged in a grid pattern.

The cross-sectional shape of the groove 18 is U-shaped, V-shaped as shown in FIG.
Alternatively, although not shown, it is rectangular. Since the groove direction of the groove 18 is formed in the direction of 45 ° with respect to the rotation direction, the grease easily flows, and the planetary gear 1B and the planetary gear support pin 2B are well lubricated.

A through hole 14 that is a through hole that leads from the end surface of the planetary gear support pin 2B to the sliding surface and a plurality of vertical holes 15 are provided, and grooves 18 are connected to the uneven surface arranged in a grid, so the through hole is filled with grease. By doing so, a better lubricating state is secured.

In addition to this, the same effect as that described in the embodiment of FIGS.

Next, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a planetary gear support pin showing still another embodiment of the present invention, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 denote the same parts as those in the embodiments of FIGS. Therefore, the description thereof will be omitted.

The planetary gear support pin 2C shown in FIG.
A groove 13 in the circumferential direction similar to that in Fig. 2 is provided, and
The groove 13b is formed in both directions forming the angle.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 9, the same effect as that of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 can be expected.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a planetary gear support pin showing still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG.
In the figure, those having the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 are the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS.

The concavo-convex surface portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin 2D shown in FIG. 10 is one in which fine grooves 19 are formed at a high density by plastic working by low-letting.

The cross-sectional shape of the groove is U-shaped, V-shaped, as shown in FIG.
Although not shown, any shape such as a rectangle may be used.

Since the outer peripheral surface becomes a sliding surface, the surface is finished after the low-letting process so that the protrusions on the surface become a smooth surface. The width 1 to which the low-let is applied is made narrower than the boss length L of the planetary gear, as in the above-mentioned embodiment.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 10, the same effect as that described in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 is expected, and in particular, the function of the high-density fine grooves 19 formed by the low-letting process and the planetary gear support pin 2D
Due to the grease filled in the horizontal holes 14 and the vertical holes 15, an oil film is constantly formed on the sliding surface and a good lubricating state is secured.

It should be noted that each of the above-described embodiments can be expanded in its applicable range.

For example, the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 shows an example in which the planetary gear bearing is the needle bearing 12, but the same can be applied to the case where a ball bearing or a roller bearing is used instead of the needle bearing.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, when the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin and the inner peripheral surface of the planetary gear are directly sliding surfaces, the uneven surface portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the planetary gear. However, for example, axial grooves 17 (Fig. 5) and lattice-shaped grooves 18
An uneven surface such as (FIG. 7) may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of FIG. 10, the planetary gear support pin 2D
It is also possible to form the grooving groove 19 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface of the planetary gear. In this case, the grease is easily retained by the centrifugal force, so that a better lubrication state is achieved.

In all of the above embodiments, each example in which the concave-convex surface, that is, each groove is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the planetary gear, is particularly illustrated and explained when the slide bearing is press-fitted to the planetary gear as the planetary gear side. However, if the same uneven surface, that is, each groove is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the plain bearing, the same action and effect can be obtained.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the lubricating oil is sufficiently retained on the sliding surface between the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin and the inner peripheral surface on the planetary gear side to prevent the occurrence of seizure, abnormal wear, etc. It is possible to provide a planetary gear speed-reducing starter having an excellent lubrication structure.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a planetary gear unit of a planetary gear reduction type starter according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the planetary gear support pin, and FIG. 3 is A of FIG. -A sectional view, FIG. 4 is a side view of a planetary gear support portion of a planetary gear speed reduction starter according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a C view of FIG.
6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a planetary gear unit of a planetary gear speed reduction starter according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an inner circumference of the planetary gear of FIG. FIG. 8 is a development view of the surface, FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 7, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are perspective views of a planetary gear support pin showing still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 is a sectional front view of a general planetary gear reduction type starter. 1,1A, 1B …… Planet gear, 1a …… Inner peripheral surface, 2,2A, 2B, 2C, 2D…
… Planetary gear support pins, 2a… Outer peripheral surface, 2b… End surface, 3…
… Planetary arm, 4 Starter motor, 4a Armature shaft, 5
...... Sun gear, 6 …… Internal gear, 10 …… Pinion shaft, 12
...... Needle bearing, 13,13a, 13b …… Groove, 14 …… Horizontal hole, 15 …… Vertical hole, 16 …… Grease, 17,18 …… Groove, 19…
… Fine grooves.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Fumiaki Kasubuchi, Inventor Fumiaki Kasubuchi 2520 Takaba, Katsuta City, Ibaraki Prefecture Sawa Factory, Hitachi, Ltd. (56) References JP59-221463 (JP, A) -134676 (JP, U)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A central sun gear provided on an armature shaft of a starter motor, an internal gear related to an outer sun gear, and a plurality of planet gears that mesh with each other to rotate and revolve. A planetary gear reduction starter comprising a planetary arm for transmitting the revolution of the gear to the output side, and a plurality of planetary gears rotatably fitted to a planetary gear support pin fixed to the planetary arm, At least one of the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin and the inner peripheral surface on the planetary gear side that is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin is provided with an uneven surface portion to be filled with a lubricant, and the uneven surface portion is A planetary gear speed reduction type starter, characterized in that the planetary gear support pin is configured to communicate with an oil hole communicating with an outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin. 2. The uneven surface portion according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of lubricating oil films are to be formed on the fitting surface between the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear support pin and the inner peripheral surface on the planetary gear side. A planetary gear reduction type starter that is formed by grooves. 3. A planetary gear speed-reducing starter according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the concavo-convex surface portion comprises grooves formed in a grid pattern. 4. A planetary gear speed-decelerating starter according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the concave-convex surface portion is formed by micro-grooved grooves.