JPH0678209B2 - Natural antibacterial agent for plants and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a natural antibacterial agent for plants. More specifically, the present invention relates to a plant which is excellent in the corrosion-inhibiting effect of plants such as agricultural crops and can be applied to those who handle it. It relates to a very safe bacteriostatic agent.

[Prior Art] As is well known, many antibacterial agents applied to plants are used. This is to prolong the life of plants such as agricultural crops and to maintain their freshness. In the case of plants that eat, the time until they eat, and in the plants that they watch, the time to watch them. Used to lengthen.

In this case, it is safe for the person handling it, the plant to which it is applied and the environment around it and has no side effects. Further, a bacteriostatic agent that is easy to handle and inexpensive is required.

However, there are actually no good antibacterial agents that meet the above requirements, and what has been used for a long time is so-called chemical pesticides such as organic phosphorus fungicides, organic sulfur agents, organic copper agents, organic arsenic agents, organic nickel agents, It was a silver ion agent and so on.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] According to the above-mentioned conventional techniques, the above chemical pesticides have an effect of bacteriostatically controlling plants.

However, chemical pesticides are not degradable or difficult to decompose, and are extremely dangerous to the natural world. That is,
There is a problem that it is dangerous to the person who handles it, the plant to which it is applied, and the environment around the plant.

Further, since it is dangerous, there is a problem that the handling standard is very difficult because the usage standard such as concentration and time for dipping and spraying is set.

Furthermore, even if the plants to which they are applied have a longer life or retain their freshness, the appearance may change in color, and in some cases, flowering plants may not bloom. There was a problem that there is a property.

[Purpose] Therefore, the object of the present invention is not only to control fungi that reproduce on plants such as agricultural crops, but also to be safe especially for the person who handles it and the environment around plants and plants such as applied crops. And to provide a bacteriostatic agent that is easy to handle.

[Means for Solving the Problems] [Operation] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following technical means. That is, the present invention is a bacteriostatic agent that controls fungi that reproduce in plants such as agricultural crops, and the bacteriostatic agent is an aqueous solution of an extract extracted from crushed citrus paradecy seeds. It is a thing. This citrus paradisi is a scientific name, written in Roman letters as "Citrus Paradisi",
The expressions represented by this scientific name include the following. That is, Japanese name Grapefruit, United States, United Kingdom Grap
efruit, Pomelo, Brazil Pomelo, Spain Pomelo and so on.

Then, the extract itself is diluted with water at a predetermined ratio, and at the time of this dilution, the extract itself has a high viscosity, that is, since it is a heavy viscous fluid, it is difficult to uniformly disperse it when diluted in water. A dispersant such as glycerin or propylene glycol may be used.

The composition of the crushed extract of citrus paradecy seeds itself is composed of lipids, sugars, proteins, water and the like.

And some of the arsenic (As
₂ O ₃ ), lead, cadmium, etc. are not included at all.

In addition, general bacteria and coliforms are negative or minimal.

And, the toxicity test of the crushed extract of this citrus paradeci seeds diluted with a dispersant to a predetermined ratio,
That is, in the test of oral administration to plants such as rats, no poisoning symptoms and deaths were found, and normal growth was observed without causing a change in body weight and the like, and it was confirmed that the plant was nontoxic.

As described above, since it is a food or a natural product itself, it has been confirmed to be harmless, but its analysis value and test result will be clarified in the following examples.

By the way, when applying a natural bactericidal agent obtained by diluting this crushed extract of citrus paradeci seeds to a predetermined ratio with a dispersant, the plant such as a crop is It is dipped in or sprayed on plants such as crops.

By doing so, bactericidal effects such as sterilization of bacteria and microorganisms on the surface of the plant such as agricultural crops or cut cross-section, and antibacterial effect were recognized.

Details of this bacteriostatic effect will be clarified in the following examples.

Furthermore, the present invention is a method for producing a bacteriostatic agent that sterilizes bacteria that reproduce in plants such as agricultural crops, and the bacteriostatic agent removes seeds from citrus paradecy, and then crushes the extracted seeds,
Further, the liquid is extracted from the crushed seeds and diluted with water.

As the treatment operation for extracting the liquid from the crushed citrus paradecy seeds, any of heating distillation method, hydrolysis method, solvent extraction method, pressing method and the like may be used.

According to the above-mentioned production method, citrus paradeci seeds can be obtained in large quantities at low cost, and can be easily and inexpensively produced by using this material, and further applied to plants such as crops. It can be done easily without any care.

The food itself is safe and odorless to the human body, and has no restrictions on usage or concentration.

[Embodiment] Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First, seeds of citrus paradecy were crushed and subjected to a hydrolysis method to obtain an extract therein. Then, glycerin was mixed with this extract. The mixing ratio was 1: 1.

The analysis result was as follows.

The extract that was confirmed to be safe in this way was diluted with dilution water.
Diluted 300 times. Of course, this dilution ratio can be selected in various other ways. Other natural dispersants may be used. Incidentally, this natural bacteriostatic agent was further subjected to an acute toxicity test in order to confirm the safety.

The results of the acute toxicity test are shown below.

1) Test animal and route of administration ddY-N mouse male and female produced by Japan Institute of Animal Science and Materials Co., Ltd. were introduced at about 4 weeks of age, and then preliminarily reared for 1 week to show abnormalities in health etc. After confirming that there was no such substance, it was used for the test at about 5 weeks of age. The weight at the start of the test is
The weight was 24-26 g for males and 22 g for females.

These test animals were orally administered.

2) Room temperature 22 ± 2 ° C. 3) Method for preparing test solution (natural antibacterial agent of the present invention) A sample is diluted with distilled water for injection to give 5.79, 6.94, 8.33 and
A 10% (W / V) aqueous solution was prepared and used as a test solution.

4) Method of administration of test solution Administration method The test mice were fasted for 13 hours from 10:00 pm of the previous day to 11:00 am of the next day, and the test solution was
Gavage was administered twice.

LD ₅₀ value calculation method Probit method Dose of sample By administering 20 ml of test solution to each group per 1 kg of body weight,
Specimen dose is 2.000mg / kg as the upper limit, male with a common ratio of 1.2,
Both females were administered at 4 levels.

Number of animals per test group 5 males and 5 females 5) Test results The results are shown in Table 4.

6) Poisoning Symptoms No abnormalities were observed in both males and females immediately after the administration in any of the administration groups, and no remarkable symptoms or deaths were observed in the observations carried out for 2 weeks thereafter. All mice started feeding immediately after the administration.

7) Necropsy findings All surviving animals were sacrificed at the end of the study and macroscopically necropsied. No abnormalities were observed in the major organs in either male or female in any administration group.

8) Consideration In the acute toxicity test method based on the OECD guidelines (April 11, 1986), etc., the maximum dose of the sample for mice was 2,000.
It is specified as 0 mg / kg.

In this test, the sample was diluted with distilled water for injection to 5.79, 6.
94, 8.33 and 10% (W / V) aqueous solution was prepared and administered to mice at 20 ml / kg
Four levels were administered at a common ratio of 1.2 in both males and females, with an upper limit of 2,000 mg / kg.

As a result, at any dose level, no poisoning symptoms were observed in both males and females after administration of the test solution, which is considered to be due to sample administration, and no deaths occurred. The growth during the test period was as shown in Table 2, and it was considered that all of them showed almost normal growth.

Therefore, the LD ₅₀ value for oral administration of the sample is 2,000 mg / kg.
It was assumed that the above was the case.

9) Changes in body weight of test animals are shown in Tables 5, 6, and 7.

Next, a method for applying a safe natural bacteriostatic agent which is a natural product itself to various plants will be described.

As a first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a natural antibacterial agent diluted 300 times is further diluted 300 times with water, and the diluted water 1 is put in a container 2 and placed in a dipping device 4. When the put vegetables, potatoes and the like 3 are soaked while being moved up and down and washed, the bacteria adhering to the vegetables 3 are controlled, corrosion of the vegetables 3 is prevented, and the freshness can be maintained.

Next, an example of the antibacterial test using the natural antibacterial agent of the present invention will be given, showing the isolation culture of the disease-causing bacterium (scab) which adheres to potatoes.

Outline When the surface of potatoes contaminated with scab was observed, it was observed that many fungi thought to be scab were growing in the sick areas, and this spore-like fungus was identified.

Bacteria adhering to potatoes are generally classified as mucoles, which are called mucoles for the purpose of classification (systematic classification). As a result of culturing using potato dextrose agar (0.1 g of carochloramphenicol), which is often used for phytopathological examinations (25 ° C for 5 days), the colony morphology developed on the medium was It was similar to hair mold, but did not form long white spores like mucor, and further investigation revealed that it was an actinomycete.

Culturing method A sample obtained by removing potatoes with a sterilized scalpel was processed and adhered to a 0.1% chloramphenicol caro potato dextrose medium, and continuous culture was carried out at 25 ° C for 7 days.

In addition, since fine mold spores were visually observed from the lesioned area of potato, the target was narrowed down and the culture was carried out.

Separation and identification of bacteria The following bacteria (fungi) were detected in this sample.

1.Fusarium-sp 2.Trichoderma-viride 3.Altermaria-sp 4.Phytophtora Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora infestans)
Ophtora This fungus produces round, dark green lesions on the leaves, and when it rots and rots or drys out, the underside of the lesions becomes a white mold.

When necrotic disease occurs at high temperature, the diseased tissue forms callus and peripheral cells become lignified or rupture the epidermis, exposing the cells, so this fungus called powdery scab or fungus plays a central role. It seems to be there.

Therefore, if it is possible to control this bacterium, it is judged that its usefulness is considerably great as a natural antibacterial agent instead of a pesticide.

The natural antibacterial agent of the present invention was applied to "scab" to perform antibacterial effect test.

The test method was carried out by using a halo test medium and adding a natural bacteriostatic agent obtained by diluting an extract extracted from crushed citrus paradecy seeds by 10 times in the range of 0.1% to 1%.

In the case of 0.1%, the antibacterial resistance value was +2, and in the case of 0.2%, it was +2.

Furthermore, it was +3 in the cases of 0.5% and 1%.

Further, as a second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the natural antibacterial agent stored in a container and diluted 300 times as in FIG. 1 is further diluted 300 times with water, and the diluted water 1 inside,
Immersing the cut section of the cut portion of the cut flower 5 suppresses the growth of bacteria in the cut section of the cut portion of the cut flower 5, improves the water supply, and prolongs the life of the cut flower 5.

Further, as a third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a natural bacteriostatic agent diluted 300 times is further diluted 300 times with water,
When the diluted water 1 is sprayed on the lawn 6 by the water sprinkler 7,
It is possible to control the bacteria on the surface of the lawn 6 and maintain the aesthetic appearance of the lawn 6.

Next, an example of antibacterial test using the natural antibacterial agent of the present invention against fungi detected from turfgrass is shown.

Purpose: Identification of fungus isolated from turfgrass and antibacterial ability test of CAP Location: Country club Isolation culture: Pressurized adhesion of turfgrass on Siapec Dock medium with chloramphenicol Culture conditions: 25 ° C for 7 days Drag test: Dilute the extract extracted from crushed citrus paradeci seeds 10 times, soak the filter paper piece in 0.2% of the solution, air-dry, and apply fungus isolated from turfgrass to a square petri dish and press-fit the filter paper piece 25 Fungus detected in turfgrass cultured at 7 ℃ for 7 days was Aspergillus niger group.Pe
nicillium-sp.Alternaria-sp.Acremonium-sp.Moniliella-sp.Trichoderma-sp.Fusa
rium-sp.Aspergillus flavus oryzae group.Cladospor
Unidentified fungi Epicoccum-sp and many other bacteria were detected.

However, among them, there were three types of fungi that could not be identified because the spores of the fungus were not formed. Especially, the white shape is called Rizoctonia, which is considered to be a fungal species often detected in turfgrass.

Although turfgrass is a plant taxonomically belonging to the rice family, it can be roughly divided into Japanese-produced Japanese turfgrass and western turfgrass, but Japanese turf dies in winter and western turf maintains green all season. ing.

Therefore, at the golf course and the like, since Western lawn grass is used, it is the current situation that various pesticides are used to prevent them for the purpose of keeping the green color and preventing diseases.

However, most of the pesticides have many problems such as toxicity issues and spills that cause serious changes to environmental systems such as BOD.COD in rivers and ponds.

Fusarium separated and detected from turfgrass by using this natural bactericide adjusted to 0.2%, soaked in filter paper, and air dried.
When an antibacterial test and a fungus resistance test were carried out using other fungi (wild fungi), a strong inhibition zone was formed and a clear and remarkable effect was confirmed.

This natural bacteriostatic agent can also be used for plants such as agricultural crops other than the above-mentioned examples.

Next, the experimental results of the natural antibacterial agent of the present invention regarding the sterilization and antibacterial properties will be described.

In the above, the bactericidal concentration means that the bacterium and mold are killed at that concentration, and the antibacterial concentration means that the bacterium and mold are suppressed from growing at that concentration. The decreasing concentration.

Thus, an extremely high bacteriostatic effect was recognized.

[Effect] As described in detail above, the present invention has the following effects.

According to the first aspect of the invention, the crushed citrus paradecy seeds can be industrially obtained in large quantities and can be obtained at low cost, so that they can be produced in large quantities at low cost. In particular, since these are foods themselves, they are safe and odorless when applied to plants such as agricultural crops, so that there is no limitation in their usage and there is no limitation in their concentration. That is, it has flexibility in use. In other words, it is possible to provide a highly safe natural bacteriostatic agent for plants which has an extremely safe bacteriostatic action.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is optimal as a measure of dilution, and is easily bacteriostatic.

According to the invention as set forth in claim 3, it is very easy to take out the seeds of citrus paradeci, to crush the seeds, and to extract and extract the extract from the crushed seeds. It can be manufactured in large quantities and is highly safe to manufacture.

It has various advantages in practical use.

[Brief description of drawings]

The attached drawings are model diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a diagram showing washing vegetables in diluted water of a natural antibacterial agent,
Fig. 2 shows a cut flower immersed in dilution water of a natural antibacterial agent.
FIG. 3 is a view in which the diluted water of the natural antibacterial agent is sprayed on the lawn. In the figure, 1 is the diluted water of the natural antibacterial agent, 3 is vegetables, 5 is cut flowers, and 6 is lawn.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. When washing a plant, immersing the plant, or spraying the plant, a bacterium that reproduces on the surface of the plant or on the cut cross-section is obtained by dissolving the plant in water and applying it to the plant. In the natural bacteriostatic agent for plants to be bacteriostatic: The bacteriostatic agent is a natural bacteriostatic agent for plants, which is an aqueous solution of an extract extracted from crushed citrus paradecy seeds. 2. The plant according to claim 1, wherein the bacteriostatic agent is obtained by diluting an extract extracted from crushed citrus paradecy seeds with water 300 to 600 times. Natural antibacterial agent. 3. When washing a plant, immersing the plant, or spraying the plant, it is dissolved in water and applied to the plant to control germs that reproduce on the surface of the plant or on the cut cross section. In the method for producing a natural antibacterial agent for plants, the antibacterial agent is obtained by extracting seeds from Citrus paradecy, crushing the extracted seeds, extracting the liquid from the crushed seeds, and diluting with water. A process for producing a natural antibacterial agent for plants, which is obtained.