JPH0663054A - 外科用締結具 - Google Patents

外科用締結具

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Publication number
JPH0663054A
JPH0663054A JP5177645A JP17764593A JPH0663054A JP H0663054 A JPH0663054 A JP H0663054A JP 5177645 A JP5177645 A JP 5177645A JP 17764593 A JP17764593 A JP 17764593A JP H0663054 A JPH0663054 A JP H0663054A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fastener
tines
receiver
tip
surgical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP5177645A
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English (en)
Inventor
Brian H Luscombe
ブライアン・エイチ・ラスコーム
David A Witt
デイビツド・エイ・ウイツト
Kirk M Nicola
カーク・エム・ニコラ
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Ethicon Inc
Original Assignee
Ethicon Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Ethicon Inc filed Critical Ethicon Inc
Publication of JPH0663054A publication Critical patent/JPH0663054A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/064—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
    • A61B17/0643—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue with separate closing member, e.g. for interlocking with staple
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S227/00—Elongated-member-driving apparatus
    • Y10S227/902—Surgical clips or staples

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 【目的】 締結強度を増す。 【構成】 ステープルの各歯叉は、六角形断面の伸長プ
リズムとして構成され、その自由端部において拡大六角
形断面を備えたあご付き先端を含む。受器の各孔は、六
角形の構成であり、そしてあご付き先端に係合するため
の一対の対向棚を含む。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業の利用分野】本発明は、外科用締結具に関し、さ
らに詳細には、止血のために身体組織を締結及び／又は
圧縮するためのステープルと受器を具備する生体吸収性
材料の二部分外科用締結具に関する。
【０００２】
【従来技術及びその課題】外科用締結具又はステープル
が、一般に外科手技において使用され、外科医は、時間
のかかる縫合手順の必要なしに、身体組織を締結するこ
とができる。外科用締結具は、一度に一つの締結具を据
え付け又は複数の締結具を順次又は同時に適用するため
に動作する外科用ステープラを使用することにより、身
体組織に適用される。ステープラは、一般に、締結具を
組織に駆動する締結具カートリッジを含む。
【０００３】二部分外科用締結具装置が、今までに周知
である。そのような装置は、一般にＵ形状の構成の締結
具部材又はステープルを含み、一対の歯叉と、歯叉が係
合かつラッチされる孔を設けた保持器部材とを備える。
締結具歯叉は、一方の側から身体組織を穿通し、そして
保持器部材は、組織の他方の側において歯叉をラッチす
る。外科用締結具は、いったん係合されると分離され
ず、身体組織に挿入された後、締結具は容易に除去され
ない。従って、二部分外科用締結具は、身体組織に吸収
される生体吸収性材料から成る。
【０００４】米国特許第４、０６０、０８９号（Ｎｏｉ
ｌｅｓ）は、複数のあご付き歯叉を備えた締結具条片
と、歯叉を収容するための複数の縦離隔開口を備えた保
持器条片とを開示する。
【０００５】米国特許第４、４０２、４４５号（Ｇｒｅ
ｅｎ）は、保持器片を備えた２歯叉締結具を開示する。
【０００６】米国特許第４、５０６、６７０号（Ｃｒｏ
ｓｓｌｅｙ）は、保持器片が虚弱部材を備えたラグによ
って支持部材に保持された、二部分外科用締結具を開示
する。締結具の歯叉は、保持器の孔に入ることにより、
虚弱部材を破壊し、ラグを押出し、これにより、支持部
材から保持器片を解放する。
【０００７】米国特許第４、５０６、６７１号（Ｇｒｅ
ｅｎ）は、Ｃｒｏｓｓｌｅｙの米国特許第４、５０６、
６７０号において開示された同一の二部分外科用締結具
を開示する。
【０００８】米国特許第４、５１３、７４６号（Ａｒａ
ｎｙｉ他）は、締結具部分が、組織穿通部材を収容する
ための外側溝を備えた２つの歯叉を有する、２片外科用
締結具を開示する。保持器片は、締結具の歯叉と、縦伸
長伸縮スロットとを収容するための孔を備えた拡張部分
を有する。
【０００９】米国特許第４、５３４、３５２号（Ｋｏｒ
ｔｈｏｆｆ）は、高速吸収のために表面積対容積比率を
増大させた歯叉を備えた締結具部材を含む二部分外科用
締結具を開示する。丸形、方形、十字形、溝形状と複数
のフィンを含む、いろいろな歯叉断面が開示される。
【００１０】米国特許第４、５８９、４１６号（Ｇｒｅ
ｅｎ）は、直線及び円形行を含むいろいろな構成におい
てリンクされた複数の保持器部材を含む外科用締結具保
持器部材組立体を開示する。
【００１１】米国特許第４、６１０、２５０号（Ｇｒｅ
ｅｎ）は、保持器部材において４つの開口と嵌合う４つ
の歯叉を備えた締結具部材を含む二部分外科用締結具を
開示する。２つの内側歯叉は、保持器部材の対応する開
口におけるカミング表面によって相互の方に曲げられ
る。
【００１２】米国特許第４、６６７、６７４号（Ｋｏｒ
ｔｈｏｆｆ他）は、止血を改良するために、拡張基部を
含む二部分外科用締結具を開示する。
【００１３】米国特許第４、７２４、８３９号（Ｂｅｄ
ｉ他）は、円形断面の２つの脚を備えたステープルを含
む外科用締結システムを開示する。各脚は、テーパ尖端
を有し、対向フランジ部分が脚の周囲に部分的に配され
る。
【００１４】米国特許第４、８０５、６１７号（Ｂｅｄ
ｉ他）は、少なくとも２つの平行な行において配置さ
れ、受器を形成するプラスチック材料から成る連続の薄
層又はウェブによって相互連結した複数の受器を含む外
科用締結システムを開示する。米国特許第４、９１７、
１１４号（Ｇｒｅｅｎ他）は、環状の構成の二部分外科
用締結具を開示する。
【００１５】米国特許第４、９３２、９６０号（Ｇｒｅ
ｅｎ他）は、特別な強度のために歯叉の側方及び横断側
においてフィンを含む二部分吸収性外科用締結具を開示
する。保持器部材の支柱は、側方伸縮スロットを有す
る。
【００１６】米国特許第４、９９４、０７３号（Ｇｒｅ
ｅｎ）は、各歯叉が、身体組織抵抗を最小にするために
両側において平坦の三角形状あごを有する、皮膚締結具
を開示する。締結具は、外科用ステープリング装置の排
出室の内側のレール部材と締結具を整列させるくぼみを
含む。
【００１７】米国特許第５、０８９、００９号（Ｇｒｅ
ｅｎ）は、２つのあご付き歯叉を含む内側に偏向した皮
膚締結具を開示する。
【００１８】二部分外科用締結具の使用において、締結
具が組織を通して駆動され、保持器に挿入される時、締
結具歯叉が座屈する傾向がある。軸方向力を受ける結果
として、締結具歯叉は、相互に関して外側の反対方向
に、又は相互に向かって内側に座屈する。また、締結具
歯叉は、軸方向負荷の下で同一方向に座屈する傾向があ
る。締結具歯叉が座屈するこの傾向は、組織を貫通して
歯叉を保持器に挿入するために締結具に及ぼされなけれ
ばならない力を増大させる望ましくない効果を有する。
また、歯叉は、保持器における孔と不整になり、これに
より、締結具歯叉を保持器に挿入する困難を増大させ
る。これらの欠点を回避するために、締結具構造に座屈
に耐えるために十分な強度の歯叉を設け、締結具歯叉に
よる組織の貫通を容易にし、保持器への締結具歯叉の挿
入を容易にすることが望ましい。また、締結具と保持器
が組織を一緒に保持するために組み立てられた時生ずる
軸方向負荷に耐える十分な強度の歯叉を締結具に設ける
ことが望ましい。
【００１９】外科手術において、縫綴手順において複数
の締結具行を配置することが、しばしば望まれる。例え
ば、締結具の長さ方向に沿って端と端を合わせて締結具
の２つの並置行は、単一の締結具行よりも大きな保持力
と止血を示す。複数行の配置を容易にするために、特に
ステープルが内視鏡的に適用されるならば、できる限り
狭いステープルを有することが望ましい。しかし、締結
具が特定の長さと形状に対して狭幅にされるならば、締
結具歯叉は、歯叉に存在する縮小量の構造材料のため
に、比較的弱くなる。従って、締結具歯叉の強度を妥協
させることなく、内視鏡的に挿入され、複数行の締結具
に据え付けられるために十分に狭幅の外科用締結具を設
けることが望ましい。
【００２０】また、身体組織への締結具歯叉の貫通と保
持器への歯叉の挿入を容易にする歯叉尖端を有する、外
科用締結具を設けることが都合が良い。貫通力を最小に
するために、組織を切断するよりも、組織を広げる傾向
がある矢頭形状の先端を設けることが望ましい。また、
保持器における孔と自動調心を達成し、締結具と保持器
が組み立てられた時、一様なラッチを設けるような先端
を設計することが望ましい。
【００２１】さらに、締結具カートリッジにおいて支持
かつ案内されるように適合された締結具は、歯叉が組織
を通して保持器に挿入される時、保持器の孔と締結具歯
叉の不整に付随した問題を回避する。こうして、ステー
プルカートリッジにおいて係合され、移動案内されるよ
うに締結具歯叉を設計することが望ましい。
【００２２】
【課題を解決するための手段】従って、高締結強度及び
座屈抵抗を改良二部分外科用締結具に提供することが、
本発明の目的である。
【００２３】歯叉の強度を妥協することなく、組織貫通
のための鋭い先端を備えた外科用締結具を提供すること
が、発明の目的である。
【００２４】発明の別の目的は、止血のために身体組織
の層を一緒に締結かつ圧縮するか、又は止血のために身
体組織の単一層を圧縮するための内部使用のために適す
る二部分外科用締結具を提供することである。
【００２５】ステープルカートリッジに沿った移動用の
一セットの案内路に係合するように構造的に適合された
歯叉を備えた、外科用締結具又はステープルを提供する
ことが、発明の別の目的である。
【００２６】これらとさらに他の目的及び利点は、基部
と、基部からほぼ垂直方向の少なくとも２つの離間した
ほぼ平行な歯叉とを含む締結具部材と、少なくとも２つ
の孔を含む受器部材とを具備し、各孔は、歯叉のそれぞ
れの一つの自由端部を収容かつ保持するように適合さ
れ、そして各歯叉が、六角形断面を備えた伸長プリズム
として構成される外科用締結具を提供することにより達
成される。締結具部材の各歯叉は、その自由端部におい
て六角形断面のあご付き先端を有する。先端は、歯叉の
対向側に位置する一対のあごを設けるために、歯叉より
も大きな六角形断面を有する。受器部材の各孔は、締結
具の歯叉の一つと先端を収容するための構成において六
角形である。各孔は、孔において先端を保持するため
に、あごに係合するための一対の対向棚を含む。
【００２７】発明の別の見地により、締結具部材の各先
端は、鋭角を形成する第１対の傾斜面と鈍角を形成する
第２対の傾斜面とによって形成した尖端遠位端部を有す
る。好ましい実施態様において、鋭角は、２０〜６０度
の範囲であり、そして鈍角は、鋭角よりも少なくとも２
５度大きい。
【００２８】発明の別の特徴により、締結具部材は、カ
ートリッジに関する移動において締結具部材を案内する
ために、締結具カートリッジに係合するように適合され
た、歯叉における案内手段を含む。締結具部材の第１実
施態様は、締結具カートリッジにおいて設けた案内溝形
路に係合するために、歯叉に沿った一つ以上の縦向きリ
ッジを含む。締結具部材の第２実施態様は、締結具カー
トリッジにおいて設けた縦リブによって係合かつ案内さ
れる歯叉に沿った一つ以上の縦向き溝を含む。前述と他
の目的、見地と利点は、図面を参照して、発明の好まし
い実施態様の次の詳細な説明からより良く理解されるで
あろう。
【００２９】
【実施例】本発明は、身体組織を固定及び／又は圧縮す
るように適合されたステープルと受器を具備する二部分
外科用締結具を設ける。ステープルは、一般にＵ形状で
あり、組織を貫通し、受器によってラッチされるあご付
き遠位端部を備えた少なくとも２つの歯叉を含む。外科
用締結具の機能は、止血のために身体組織を一緒に圧縮
し、所望の期間に対して圧縮を維持することである。外
科用締結具は、２層の身体組織を一緒に固定かつ圧縮
し、又は単一層の身体組織を圧縮し、例えば、血管又は
組織の脈管領域を閉じるために使用される。ステープル
と受器は、身体から外科用締結具を除去する必要性をな
くすために、生体吸収性材料から成る。図１を参照する
と、発明の第１実施態様において、一般に５０の外科用
締結具は、基部５４からほぼ垂直向きの少なくとも２つ
の離間したほぼ平行の歯叉５６を備えた伸長した一般矩
形基部５４を含む、Ｕ形状ステープル又は締結具５２を
具備する。好ましくは、歯叉５６は、基部５４の対向端
部に位置する。各歯叉５６は、その遠位端部においてあ
ご付き先端５８を含む。スロット付き控壁６０が、歯叉
５６の補強のために基部５４の各端部において形成して
ある。
【００３０】第２図と第９図に示された如く、各歯叉５
６は、伸長六角形プリズムの形状において構成してあ
る。歯叉５６は、伸長し、ほぼ矩形の形状の６つの辺６
１−６６（図９）を備えた六角形断面を有する。辺６１
と６２は、歯叉５６の外側垂直縁６７に沿って相互に交
差し、そして辺６４と６５は、歯叉５６の内側垂直縁６
８に沿って相互に交差する。各歯叉５６の外側縁６７と
内側縁６８は、基部５４の中心線６９（図８）と同一平
面において整合される。好ましくは、六角形断面の内部
角度は、すべて、約１２０度である。六角形断面の辺６
１−６６は、長さが等しく、又は歯叉５６に対して望ま
しい六角形状により、長さが変化する。第９図は、辺６
１、６２、６４と６５が長さが等しく、六角形断面の対
向辺６３と６６よりも長い、歯叉５６の六角形断面を示
す。第１０図は、辺６１−６６が長さが等しく、内部角
度が各々１２０度である、正六角形の形式の断面を有す
る歯叉５６を示す。第１１図は、対向辺６３と６６が辺
６１、６２、６４と６５よりも長い、六角形断面を有す
る歯叉５６を示す。第１１図の六角形断面の歯叉５６
は、同一厚Ｔの円形又は方形断面の類似の歯叉と比較し
て、増大した座屈強度を設ける。
【００３１】第２図を参照すると、各歯叉５６の先端５
８は、組織貫通を容易にするために矢頭形状を有する。
一般に、各先端５８は、歯叉５６を形成する六角形プリ
ズムよりも大きな断面積を有する付加的六角形プリズム
として形成される。先端５８の矢頭形状は、比較的鋭い
角度ａｌを形成する先端５８の対向面に沿った第１対の
傾斜面７０（図７）とより鈍い角又は鈍角ａ２を形成す
る先端５８の対向辺における第２対の傾斜面７２（図
５）とによって達成される。好ましくは、鋭角ａｌは、
約２０〜６０度の範囲であり、そして鈍角ａ２は、鋭角
ａｌよりも少なくとも２５度大きい。図２と図８に示さ
れた如く、傾斜面７０と７２は、先端５８の尖端遠位端
部７５において出会う一セットの４つの穿通縁７４に沿
って相互に交差する。所望ならば、傾斜面７０と７２に
交差する付加傾斜面（不図示）は、先端５８の尖端遠位
端部７５を形成するように設けられる。
【００３２】図２を参照すると、先端５８は、第１対の
傾斜面７０と第２対の傾斜面７２を含む、多面構成を有
する。２つの対の切子面７６が、頭部５８の六角形辺に
よって形成される。先端５８は歯叉５６よりも大きな六
角形断面を有するために、先端５８は、歯叉５６の対向
側に位置付けられた、基部５４への近位方向に面する一
対の棚又はあご７８を有する。図９に示された如く、外
側棚又はあご７８は、歯叉５６の六角形断面の隣接辺６
１と６２に沿って延びており、そして内側棚又はあご７
８は、歯叉５６の六角形断面の隣接辺６４と６５に沿っ
て延びている。種々の角度において表面７０と７２を傾
斜させる効果は、ステープル５２が据え付けられる時、
組織を切断するよりも、矢頭と同様に、組織を広げる傾
向がある先端５８を設けることである。この作用は、ス
テープル５２が組織を貫通するために必要とされた力を
縮小させる。また、先端５８の対向縁に沿って鈍角ａ２
を形成する表面７２を配することにより、棚又はあご７
８は、鈍角ａ２が先端５８の対向面における傾斜面７０
の間に形成されるよりも、大きな表面積を有する。
【００３３】図１を参照すると、外科用締結具５０はま
た、歯叉５６の遠位端部を収容かつ保持するように適合
された保持器８０を具備する。図１２と図１３に示され
た如く、保持器８０は、歯叉５６とステープル５２のあ
ご付き先端５８を収容するための孔８６を備えた一対の
支柱８４にその対向端部において連結した伸長ブリッジ
８２を含む。ブリッジ８２には、孔付き支柱８４を補強
する対向端部において丸い控壁８８を設けてある。ブリ
ッジ８２（図１３）は、孔付き支柱８４に関して高さが
縮小される。しかし、所望ならば、ブリッジ８２と支柱
８４は、同一高さに作られる。
【００３４】図１と図３に示された如く、頂部から見た
時、各支柱８４は、外側六角形構成を有する。先端収容
孔８６はまた、六角形の構成である。各孔８６の頂部に
おいて、一対の対向棚９０が、孔８６の内側側壁から内
側に延びている。各棚９０は、歯叉５６が孔８６に挿入
される時、先端５８において棚又はあご７８に係合する
ために遠位方向に面する張出し９２（図１３）を有す
る。図１２に示された如く、各棚９０は、六角孔８６の
隣接辺に沿って延びている前方及び後方部分９３と９４
を含む。前方及び後方棚部分９３と９４は、多面先端５
８を孔８６に案内し、受器８０においてステープル５２
の位置合せを容易にするために、下方及び内側に傾斜さ
れる、それぞれ、頂部面取り表面９５と９６を有する。
【００３５】図１６を参照すると、外科用締結具５０
が、２片の身体組織１００と１０２を一緒に締結するた
めの組立て構成において示される。組織１００と１０２
の片は、歯叉５６と、受器８０における孔８６に延びて
いるあご付き先端５８によって穿通される。歯叉５６
は、先端５８においてあご７８に係合する棚９０におけ
る下受け９２によって孔８６においてラッチされる。組
織１００と１０２の片は、ステープル５２の基部５４と
受器８０のブリッジ８２と支柱８４の間に締め付けられ
る。
【００３６】外科用締結具５０の据え付けを容易にする
ために、受器８０は、ステープル５２の材料よりもより
柔軟な弾性材料から作られる。好ましくは、受器８０
は、歯叉５６とあご付き先端５８を各孔８６における棚
９０の間の空所を通して押すために、弾性変形可能なた
わみ性の弾力性材料から成る。歯叉５６が孔８６に挿入
された後、棚９０の弾力性材料は、非変形状態に戻り、
あご付き先端５８をラッチさせる。ステープル５２は、
ステープル歯叉５６による組織の貫通を容易にするため
に、受器８０の材料と比較して、剛性材料から成る。例
えば、受器８０は、ポリジオキサノン（ＰＤＳTM、Ｅｔ
ｈｉｃｏｎ、Ｉｎｃ．の商標）の如く生体吸収性ポリマ
ー又はプラスチック材料から作られ、そしてステープル
５２は、ラクチド／グリコリドコポリマーとポリグリコ
ール酸（ＰＧＡ）の混合物から作られる。
【００３７】図６と図１２を参照すると、各孔８６は、
歯叉５６の幅Ｗ２よりもわずかに大きな幅Ｗ１を有す
る。この幅差により、受器８０は、ステープル５２の挿
入中、より容易に変形することができ、そしてステープ
ル５２を受器８０に挿入するために必要な挿入力を（従
来のステープル及び受器と比較して）縮小する。
【００３８】図１〜９の実施態様において、歯叉５６
は、各歯叉５６の対向面に沿った一対の縦伸長リッジ１
０４の形式においてステープル案内手段を含む。図９に
示された如く、ステープル案内リッジ１０４は、歯叉５
６の辺６３と６６がステープル５２の基部５４を越えて
側方外側に突出する如く、辺６１、６２、６４と６５を
外側に延長させることにより形成される。図２に示され
た如く、各先端５８における傾斜面７０は、各歯叉５６
における伸長リッジ１０４の前方において一対の傾斜路
１０６を設ける。
【００３９】図１７を参照すると、ステープルカートリ
ッジ１１０は、ステープル５２を滑り可能に収容するた
めに少なくとも一つのステープルスロット又は溝形路１
１２を含む。ステープルドライバー（不図示）が、ステ
ープルカートリッジ１１０から身体組織にステープル５
２を駆動するために溝形路１１２に取り付けられる。ス
テープルカートリッジ１１０は、ステープル５２の歯叉
５６において伸長リッジ１０４を収容するために対向対
において配置した一セットの４つの縦溝１１４を含む。
縦溝１１４は、伸長リブ１０４を収容し、カートリッジ
１１０の溝形路１１２に沿った縦移動においてステープ
ル５２を案内する案内路を設ける。溝１１４はまた、ス
テープル５２の有効な座屈長さが縮小され、座屈強度を
最適にするように、カートリッジ１１０においてステー
プル５２を支持する。
【００４０】図１８を参照すると、発明の第２の実施態
様において、一般に１５０の外科用締結具が、伸長、一
般矩形基部を含むＵ形状ステープル又は締結具１５２を
具備し、基部１５４からほぼ垂直向きの少なくとも２つ
の離間したほぼ平行の歯叉１５６がある。好ましくは、
歯叉１５６は、基部１５４の対向端部において位置す
る。各歯叉１５６は、その遠位端部においてあご付き先
端１５８を含む。傾斜控壁１６０が、歯叉１５６の補強
のために基部１５４の各端部に形成してある。
【００４１】図１９に示された如く、各歯叉１５６は、
伸長六角形プリズムの形状において構成される。プリズ
ム１５６は、伸長し、ほぼ矩形の形状の６つの辺１６１
−１６６（図２６）を備えた六角形断面を有する。辺１
６１と１６２は、歯叉１５６の外側垂直縁１６７に沿っ
て相互に交差し、そして辺１６４と１６５は、歯叉１５
６の内側垂直縁１６８に沿って相互に交差する。各歯叉
１５６の外側縁１６７と内側縁１６８は、基部１５４の
中心線１６９（図２５）と同一平面において整合され
る。好ましくは、六角形断面の内部角度は、すべて、約
１２０度である。六角形断面の辺１６１−１６６は、長
さが等しく、又は歯叉１５６に対して望ましい六角形状
により、長さが変化する。第２６図は、辺１６１−１６
６が長さが等しく、内部角度が各々１２０度である、正
六角形の形式の断面の歯叉１５６を示す。
【００４２】第１９図を参照すると、各歯叉１５６の先
端１５８は、組織貫通を容易にするために矢頭形状を有
する。一般に、各先端１５８は、歯叉１５６を形成する
六角形プリズムよりも大きな断面積を有する付加的六角
形プリズムとして形成される。先端１５８の矢頭形状
は、比較的鋭い角度ａｌを形成する先端１５８の対向面
に沿った第１対の傾斜面１７０（図２４）とより鈍い角
又は鈍角ａ２を形成する先端１５８の対向辺における第
２対の傾斜面１７２（図５）とによって達成される。好
ましくは、鋭角ａｌは、約２０〜６０度の範囲であり、
そして鈍角ａ２は、鋭角ａｌよりも少なくとも２５度大
きい。図１９と図２５に示された如く、傾斜面１７０と
１７２は、先端１５８の尖端遠位端部１７５において出
会う一セットの４つの穿通縁１７４に沿って相互に交差
する。所望ならば、傾斜面１７０と１７２に交差する付
加傾斜面（不図示）は、先端１５８の尖端遠位端部１７
５を形成するように設けられる。
【００４３】図１９を参照すると、先端１５８は、第１
対の傾斜面１７０と第２対の傾斜面１７２を含む、多面
構成を有する。２つの対の切子面１７６が、頭部１５８
の六角形辺によって形成される。先端１５８は歯叉１５
６よりも大きな六角形断面を有するために、先端１５８
は、歯叉１５６の対向側に位置付けられ、基部１５４へ
の近位方向に面する一対の棚又はあご１７８を有する。
図２６に示された如く、内側棚又はあご１７８は、歯叉
１５６の六角形断面の隣接辺１６１と１６２に沿ってお
り、そして外側棚又はあご１７８は、歯叉１５６の六角
形断面の隣接辺１６４と１６５に沿っている。
【００４４】種々の角度において表面１７０と１７２を
傾斜させる効果は、ステープル１５２が据え付けられる
時、組織を切断するよりも、矢頭と同様に、組織を広げ
る傾向がある先端１５８を設けることである。この作用
は、ステープル１５２が組織を貫通するために必要とさ
れた力を縮小させる。また、先端１５８の対向縁に沿っ
て鈍角ａ２を形成する表面１７２を位置させることによ
り、棚又はあご１７８は、鈍角ａ２が先端１５８の対向
面における傾斜面１７０の間に形成されるよりも、大き
な表面積を有する。
【００４５】図１８を参照すると、外科用締結具１５０
はまた、歯叉１５６の遠位端部を収容かつ保持するよう
に適合された保持器１８０を具備する。図２８と図２９
に示された如く、保持器１８０は、歯叉１５６とステー
プル１５２のあご付き先端１５８を収容するための孔１
８６を備えた一対の支柱１８４にその対向端部において
連結した伸長ブリッジ１８２を含む。ブリッジ１８２に
は、孔付き支柱１８４を補強する丸い控壁１８８を対向
端部において設けてある。ブリッジ１８２（図２９）
は、孔付き支柱１８４に関して高さが縮小される。しか
し、所望ならば、ブリッジ１８２と支柱１８４は、同一
高さに作られる。
【００４６】図１８と図２０に示された如く、頂部から
見た時、各支柱１８４は、外側六角形構成を有する。先
端収容孔１８６はまた、六角形の構成である。各孔１８
６の頂部において、一対の対向棚１９０が、孔１８６の
内部側壁から内側に延びている。各棚１９０は、歯叉１
５６が孔１８６に挿入される時、先端１５８において棚
又はあご１７８に係合するために遠位方向に面する張出
し１９２（図２９）を有する。図２８に示された如く、
各棚１９０は、六角孔１８６の隣接辺に沿っている前方
及び後方部分１９３と１９４を含む。前方及び後方棚部
分１９３と１９４は、多面先端１５８を孔１８６に案内
し、受器１８０においてステープル１５２の位置合せを
容易にするために、下方及び内側に傾斜される、それぞ
れ、頂部面取り表面１９５と１９６を有する。
【００４７】外科用締結具１５０の据え付けを容易にす
るために、受器１８０は、ステープル１５２の材料より
もより柔軟な弾性材料から作られる。好ましくは、受器
１８０は、歯叉１５６とあご付き先端１５８を各孔１８
６における棚１９０の間の空所を通して押すために弾性
変形可能なたわみ性の弾力性材料から成る。歯叉１５６
が孔１８６に挿入された後、棚１９０の弾力性材料は、
非変形状態に戻り、あご付き先端１５８をラッチさせ
る。ステープル１５２は、ステープル歯叉１５６による
組織の貫通を容易にするために、受器１８０の材料と比
較して、剛性材料から成る。例えば、受器１８０は、ポ
リジオキサノン（ＰＤＳTM、Ｅｔｈｉｃｏｎ、Ｉｎｃ．
の商標）の如く生体吸収性ポリマー又はプラスチック材
料から作られ、そしてステープル１５２は、ラクチド／
グリコリドコポリマーとポリグリコール酸（ＰＧＡ）の
混合物から作られる。
【００４８】図２３と図２８を参照すると、各孔１８６
は、歯叉１５６の幅Ｗ２よりもわずかに大きな幅Ｗ１を
有する。図３２に示された如く、この幅差により、受器
１８０は、ステープル１５２の挿入中、より容易に変形
することができ、そしてステープル１５２を受器１８０
に挿入するために必要とされた挿入力を（従来のステー
プル及び受器と比較して）縮小する。
【００４９】図１８〜２６の実施態様において、歯叉１
５６は、各歯叉１５６の対向面に沿った一対の縦伸長溝
２０４として形成されたステープル案内手段を含む。図
２６に示された如く、ステープル案内溝２０４は、歯叉
１５６の辺１６３と１６６において半円形くぼみとして
形成される。また、Ｖ形状とＵ形状のくぼみの如く他の
構成も、溝２０４に対して使用される。
【００５０】図２７を参照すると、ステープルカートリ
ッジ２１０は、ステープル１５２を滑り可能に収容する
ために、少なくとも一つのステープルスロット又は溝形
路２１２を含む。ステープルドライバー（不図示）が、
ステープルカートリッジ２１０から身体組織にステープ
ル１５２を駆動するために溝形路２１２に取り付けられ
る。ステープルカートリッジ２１０は、対向対において
配置され、ステープル１５２の歯叉１５６における伸長
溝２０４において収容される一セットの４つの縦リブ２
１４を含む。縦リブ２１４は、伸長溝２００４に係合
し、カートリッジ２１０の溝形路２１２に沿った縦移動
においてステープル１５２を案内する案内路を設ける。
リブ２１４はまた、ステープル１５２の有効な座屈長さ
が縮小され、座屈強度を最適にするように、カートリッ
ジ２１０においてステープル１５２を支持する。
【００５１】図３３を参照すると、伸長受器条片１２０
は、ウェビング１２４によって連結した複数の受器ユニ
ット１２２を含む。受器条片１２０は、生体吸収性材料
の単一成型片として製造される。各受器ユニット１２２
は、図１の受器に構造が類似し、一つのステープル５２
を収容かつ保持するように適合される。受器ユニット１
２２は、例えば、各行に１２個の受器ユニット１２２を
置いて、２つの互い違いの行において配置される。
【００５２】図３４と図３５に示された如く、各受器ユ
ニット１２２は、歯叉５６とステープル５２のあご付き
先端５８を収容するための孔１３０を設けた一対の支柱
１２８にその対向端部に連結した伸長ブリッジ１２６を
含む。各ブリッジ１２６には、孔付き支柱１２８を補強
する丸い控壁１３２をその対向端部において設けてあ
る。ウェビング１２４は、ブリッジ１２６と各受器ユニ
ット１２２の支柱１２８と比較して、厚さが縮小され
る。
【００５３】図３４に示された如く、頂部から見た時、
各支柱１２８は、一般外側六角形構成を有する。先端収
容孔１３０はまた、六角形の構成である。各孔１３０の
頂部において、一対の対向棚１３４が、孔１３０の内部
側壁から内側に延びている。各棚１３４は、歯叉５６が
孔１３０に挿入される時、ステープル先端５８において
棚又はあご７８に係合するために遠位方向に面する張出
し１３５（図３５）を有する。図３４に示された如く、
各棚１３４は、六角孔１３０の隣接辺に沿っている前方
及び後方部分１３６と１３７を含む。前方及び後方棚部
分１３６と１３７は、多面ステープル先端５８を孔１３
０に案内し、受器ユニット１２２とステープル５２の位
置合せを容易にするために、下方及び内側に傾斜され
る。各孔１３０は、条片１２０の底部から上方に向か
い、ステープル先端５８を収容するために棚１３４の下
受け１３５において終端する円形さら穴１３８を含む。
【００５４】図３３に示された如く、受器条片１２０
は、ウェビング１２４の対向縁に沿って離間した複数の
ノッチ１４０を含む。ノッチ１４０は、カートリッジに
おいて受器条片１２０を整列させるために、外科用ステ
ープラの受器カートリッジにおいて設けた一セットの位
置合せリブ（不図示）を収容する。代替的に、受器条片
１２０は、カートリッジにおいて受器条片１２０を整列
させるために、受器カートリッジにおいて設けた一セッ
トの位置合せピン（不図示）を収容するために複数の通
り穴１４２をウェビング１２４に形成している。
【００５５】受器条片１２０は、身体組織を一緒に締結
するために、図１に示された形式の複数のステープル５
２を適用される。ステープル５４の歯叉５６は、組織を
通して駆動され、受器条片１２０の孔１３０に挿入され
る。先端５８におけるあご７８は、受器条片１２０にス
テープル５４をラッチさせるために、棚１３４における
下受け１３５によって係合される。
【００５６】受器条片１２０は、止血のために、重複す
る隣接行において配置した一連のステープル１５２を収
容するための２つの千鳥行の受器ユニット１２２を含
む。しかし、所望ならば、受器条片１２０は、受器ユニ
ット１２２の単一行にされることが理解される。また、
受器ユニット１２２は、組織の管状片を一緒に締結する
際に使用される受器条片１２０において、円形パターン
に配置される。
【００５７】発明は、その広い見地において、示され、
記載された好ましい実施態様の特定の詳細に限定され
ず、技術における当業者は、添付のクレイムの精神と範
囲内で修正を実施することができる。
【００５８】本発明の主なる特徴及び態様は以下のとお
りである。
【００５９】１．基部と、該基部からほぼ垂直向きの少
なくとも２つの離間したほぼ平行な歯叉とを含む締結具
部材と、少なくとも２つの孔を含む受器部材とを具備
し、各孔が、歯叉のそれぞれの一つの自由端部を収容保
持するように適合され、各歯叉が、六角形断面を備えた
伸長プリズムとして構成される外科用締結具。
【００６０】２．各歯叉が、その自由端部において六角
形断面のあご付き先端を有する上記１に記載の外科用締
結具。
【００６１】３．該受器部材が、該孔において該歯叉の
該あご付き先端を係合保持するための手段を含む上記２
に記載の外科用締結具。
【００６２】４．該先端が、該歯叉の対向側において位
置する一対のあごを設けるために、該歯叉よりも大きな
六角形断面を有する上記２に記載の外科用締結具。
【００６３】５．各孔が、該歯叉の一つと先端を収容す
るために六角形構成である上記４に記載の外科用締結
具。
【００６４】６．各孔が、該孔において該先端を保持す
るために、該あごに係合するための一対の対向棚を含む
上記５に記載の外科用締結具。
【００６５】７．各先端が、鋭角を形成する第１対の傾
斜面と鈍角を形成する第２対の傾斜面とによって形成し
た尖端遠位端部を有する上記４に記載の外科用締結具。
【００６６】８．該鋭角が、２０〜６０度の範囲であ
り、そして該鈍角が、該鋭角よりも少なくとも２５度大
きい上記７に記載の外科用締結具。
【００６７】９．該締結具部材が、該カートリッジに関
する移動において該締結具部材を案内するために、締結
具カートリッジに係合するように適合された、該歯叉に
おける案内手段を含む上記７に記載の外科用締結具。
【００６８】１０．該案内手段が、該歯叉に沿った一つ
以上の縦向きリッジを具備する上記９に記載の外科用締
結具。
【００６９】１１．該案内手段が、該歯叉に沿った一つ
以上の縦向き溝を具備する上記９に記載の外科用締結
具。
【００７０】１２．該締結具部材と該受器が、生体吸収
性材料から成る上記１に記載の外科用締結具。
【００７１】１３．該受器部材が、該ステープルの材料
よりも柔軟な材料から成る上記１に記載の外科用締結
具。
【００７２】１４．該受器部材における該孔が、該締結
具部材の該歯叉よりも広幅である上記１３に記載の外科
用締結具。
【００７３】１５．基部と、該基部からほぼ垂直向きの
少なくとも２つの離間したほぼ平行な歯叉とを含む締結
具部材を具備し、各歯叉が、六角形断面を備えた伸長プ
リズムとして構成される外科用締結具。
【００７４】１６．各歯叉が、その自由端部において六
角形断面のあご付き先端を有する上記１５に記載の外科
用締結具。
【００７５】１７．該先端が、該歯叉の対向側において
位置する一対のあごを設けるために、該歯叉よりも大き
な六角形断面を有する上記１６に記載の外科用締結具。
【００７６】１８．各先端が、鋭角を形成する第１対の
傾斜面と鈍角を形成する第２対の傾斜面とによって形成
した尖端部を有する上記１５に記載の外科用締結具。
【００７７】１９．該鋭角が、２０〜６０度の範囲であ
り、そして該鈍角が、該鋭角よりも少なくとも２５度大
きい上記１８に記載の外科用締結具。
【００７８】２０．該カートリッジに関する移動におい
て該締結具部材を案内するために、締結具カートリッジ
に係合するように適合された該歯叉における案内手段を
含む上記１５に記載の外科用締結具。
【００７９】２１．該案内手段が、該歯叉に沿った一つ
以上の縦向きリッジを具備する上記２０に記載の外科用
締結具。
【００８０】２２．該案内手段が、該歯叉に沿った一つ
以上の縦向き溝を具備する上記２０に記載の外科用締結
具。
【００８１】２３．該締結具部材が、生体吸収性材料か
ら成る上記１５に記載の外科用締結具。
【００８２】２４．基部と、該基部からほぼ垂直向きの
少なくとも２つの離間したほぼ平行な歯叉とを含む締結
具部材を具備し、各歯叉が、鋭角を形成する第１対の傾
斜面と鈍角を形成する第２対の傾斜面によって形成した
尖端部を備えた先端を有する外科用締結具。
【００８３】２５．該先端が、該歯叉の対向側において
位置する一対のあごを設けるために、拡大断面積を有す
る上記２４に記載の外科用締結具。
【００８４】２６．該鋭角が、２０〜６０度の範囲であ
り、そして該鈍角が、該鋭角よりも少なくとも２５度大
きい上記２４に記載の外科用締結具。
【００８５】２７．該カートリッジに関する移動におい
て該締結具部材を案内するために、締結具カートリッジ
に係合するように適合された該歯叉における案内手段を
含む上記２４に記載の外科用締結具。
【００８６】２８．該案内手段が、該歯叉に沿った一つ
以上の縦向きリッジを具備する上記２７に記載の外科用
締結具。
【００８７】２９．該案内手段が、該歯叉に沿った一つ
以上の縦向き溝を具備する上記２７に記載の外科用締結
具。
【００８８】３０．該締結具部材が、生体吸収性材料か
ら成る上記２４に記載の外科用締結具。
【００８９】３１．身体組織を締結するために複数の外
科用締結具部材で使用される受器組立体であり、各締結
具部材が、六角形断面の少なくとも２つの離間したほぼ
平行な歯叉を有する受器組立体において、一つの外科用
締結具部材の歯叉を収容保持するために適合された少な
くとも２つの離間した六角孔を各々含む、一つ以上の行
に配置した複数の外科用締結具受器ユニットを具備し、
該外科用締結具受器ユニットが、各行における隣接受器
部材の間のウェビングによって一緒に連結された受器組
立体。
【００９０】３２．受器カートリッジと該受器組立体を
位置合せするための該ウェビングにおける位置合せ手段
を含む上記３１に記載の受器組立体。
【００９１】３３．該位置合せ手段が、該ウェビングの
対向縁に沿って離間した複数のノッチを具備する上記３
１に記載の受器組立体。
【００９２】３４．該位置合せ手段が、該ウェビングに
おいて離間した複数の通り穴を具備する上記３１に記載
の受器組立体。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】発明により構成されたステープルと受器を含む
外科用締結具装置の第１実施態様の斜視図である。
【図２】図１のステープルの歯叉の一つの拡大斜視図で
ある。
【図３】図１の受器の支柱の一つの拡大斜視図である。
【図４】図１のステープルの頂面図である。
【図５】図１のステープルの前面図である。
【図６】図１のステープルの底面図である。
【図７】図１のステープルの側面図である。
【図８】図１のステープルの一つの歯叉の拡大底面図で
ある。
【図９】図５の線９−９に沿って取ったステープルの一
つの歯叉の水平断面図である。
【図１０】図１のステープルの歯叉の別の六角形断面を
示す。
【図１１】図１のステープルの歯叉の別の六角形断面を
示す。
【図１２】図１の受器の頂面図である。
【図１３】図１の受器の部分的に断面の前面図である。
【図１４】図１２の線１４−１４に沿って取った垂直断
面図である。
【図１５】図１３の線１５−１５に沿って取った垂直断
面図である。
【図１６】図１のステープルと受器を締結して示す、部
分的に断面の前面図である。
【図１７】ステープルカートリッジに取付けた図１のス
テープルを示す断面図である。
【図１８】発明により構成されたステープルと受器を含
む、外科用締結具装置の第２実施態様の斜視図である。
【図１９】図１８のステープルの歯叉の一つの拡大斜視
図である。
【図２０】図１８の受器の支柱の一つの拡大斜視図であ
る。
【図２１】図１８のステープルの頂面図である。
【図２２】図１８のステープルの前面図である。
【図２３】図１８のステープルの底面図である。
【図２４】図１８のステープルの側面図である。
【図２５】図１８のステープルの一つの歯叉の拡大底面
図である。
【図２６】図２２の線２６−２６に沿って取ったステー
プルの一つの歯叉の水平断面図である。
【図２７】ステープルカートリッジに取付けた図１８の
ステープルを示す断面図である。
【図２８】図１８の受器の頂面図である。
【図２９】図１８の受器の部分的に断面の前面図であ
る。
【図３０】図２８の線３０−３０に沿った垂直断面図で
ある。
【図３１】図２９の線３１−３１に沿った垂直断面図で
ある。
【図３２】図１８のステープルと受器を締結して示す、
拡大頂面図である。
【図３３】受器の２つの行を含む、受器条片の平面図で
ある。
【図３４】図３３の受器条片の部分の拡大平面図であ
る。
【図３５】図３４の線３５−３５に沿った受器条片の縦
断面図である。
【符号の説明】
５０ 外科用締結具 ５２ ステープル ５６ 歯叉 ５８ 先端
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 カーク・エム・ニコラ アメリカ合衆国オハイオ州45249シンシナ テイ・グリーン−アーバースレイン4396

Claims (4)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】 基部と、該基部からほぼ垂直向きの少な
    くとも２つの離間したほぼ平行な歯叉とを含む締結具部
    材と、少なくとも２つの孔を含む受器部材とを具備し、
    各孔が、歯叉のそれぞれの一つの自由端部を収容保持す
    るようになつており、各歯叉が、六角形断面を備えた細
    長いプリズムとして構成される外科用締結具。
  2. 【請求項２】 基部と、該基部からほぼ垂直向きの少な
    くとも２つの離間したほぼ平行な歯叉とを含む締結具部
    材を具備し、各歯叉が、六角形断面を備えた細長いプリ
    ズムとして構成される外科用締結具。
  3. 【請求項３】 基部と、該基部からほぼ垂直向きの少な
    くとも２つの離間したほぼ平行な歯叉とを含む締結具部
    材を具備し、各歯叉が、鋭角を形成する第１対の傾斜面
    と鈍角を形成する第２対の傾斜面によって形成した尖端
    部を備えた先端を有する外科用締結具。
  4. 【請求項４】 身体組織を締結するために複数の外科用
    締結具部材で使用される受器組立体であり、各締結具部
    材が、六角形断面の少なくとも２つの離間したほぼ平行
    な歯叉を有する受器組立体において、一つの外科用締結
    具部材の歯叉を収容保持するためになつている少なくと
    も２つの離間した六角孔を各々含む、一つ以上の行に配
    置した複数の外科用締結具受器ユニットを具備し、該外
    科用締結具受器ユニットが、各行における隣接受器部材
    の間のウェビングによって一緒に連結された受器組立
    体。
JP5177645A 1992-06-30 1993-06-25 外科用締結具 Pending JPH0663054A (ja)

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US906606 1992-06-30
US07/906,606 US5258012A (en) 1992-06-30 1992-06-30 Surgical fasteners

Publications (1)

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JPH0663054A true JPH0663054A (ja) 1994-03-08

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JP5177645A Pending JPH0663054A (ja) 1992-06-30 1993-06-25 外科用締結具

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US (1) US5258012A (ja)
EP (1) EP0578425B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH0663054A (ja)
BR (1) BR9302697A (ja)
CA (1) CA2099329C (ja)
DE (1) DE69313747T2 (ja)
DK (1) DK0578425T3 (ja)
ES (1) ES2106283T3 (ja)
GR (1) GR930100235A (ja)

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US5258012A (en) 1993-11-02
BR9302697A (pt) 1994-02-08
CA2099329C (en) 2005-09-13
DK0578425T3 (da) 1998-02-16
CA2099329A1 (en) 1993-12-31
GR930100235A (el) 1994-02-28
DE69313747T2 (de) 1998-01-15
DE69313747D1 (de) 1997-10-16
EP0578425B1 (en) 1997-09-10
EP0578425A1 (en) 1994-01-12
ES2106283T3 (es) 1997-11-01

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