JPH0640734A - Method for cutting brittle sheet material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the plural desired rectangular sheets, disks enclosed by a closed curve, etc., from a work by putting plural glass or ceramic sheets on one another and simultaneously press-cutting the sheets. CONSTITUTION:Brittle sheet materials T1,... Tn having streaks, forming a closed curve separated from one another or separation streaks or impressions are alternately put on one another through flexible sheets A so that the streaked surfaces are placed in the same direction. Both spherical surfaces Q1 and Q2 of the negative form G1 and positive form G2 having about the same curvature are utilized, the streaks of the sheet Tn are abutted on the spherical surface Q1 of the negative form G1, the pile is clamped by both forms, and a press load W is exerted on the pile.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to cutting and processing of a large amount of glass or ceramic plates such as glass substrates for protection of integrated circuits, solar cell substrates, scale plates of various gauges such as pressure gauges and gas meters. The present invention relates to a method for cutting a plate-like brittle material according to the industrial field that requires the.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a glass plate or ceramics is cut mainly along a straight line, and a tool such as a diamond cutter is used in advance to form linear scratches to be cut on one surface of the plate. It has been done by manually applying bending moments along it. However, this method is laborious and poor in productivity. Therefore, in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-293827 filed by the applicant of the present application, a streak having a shape to be cut with a tool such as a diamond cutter is previously formed on one surface of a work made of a plate-like brittle material such as glass or ceramics. Then, a pressing load is applied between the spherical surfaces with the female workpiece and the male spherical surfaces having substantially the same curvature sandwiching the workpiece so that its striations can contact the female spherical surface, By deforming the workpiece along each spherical surface, the workpiece is cut by bending in the longitudinal section along the above-mentioned striations, and the productivity is dramatically improved.

[0003]

According to the above-mentioned method, the striations can be easily cut regardless of whether they are straight or curved as long as they continue from one end of the plate material to be processed to the other end. The corrugated one can be easily obtained. However, it is difficult to separate a shape formed by a closed curve such as a circle or an oval even if it can be cut. Therefore, the development of this separation technique has been desired. In view of the above points, the present invention allows a plurality of glass or ceramic plates to be stacked by a relatively simple means and cut at the same time so that a desired rectangular plate or a closed curve is surrounded by each workpiece. The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a cutting method capable of collecting a disc or the like and having a dramatic effect on productivity in cutting.

[0004]

According to the present invention, a shape (for example, a rectangular shape) to be cut on one surface of each of a plurality of work pieces made of plate-like brittle materials such as glass and ceramics by a tool such as a diamond cutter in advance. Or a triangle, or a shape that is formed by a straight line, or a shape that is circular, elliptical, or any curved line. Alternately overlaid with flexible sheets, and then the female and male spherical surfaces of approximately the same curvature so that the above workpiece is on the female spherical surface side. Then, in the sandwiched state, a pressing load is applied between the spherical surfaces to deform the workpiece along the spherical surface, thereby cutting the workpiece by bending along the striations of each workpiece. It is generated in the vertical section at the same time, so that And recovering the same time the rectangular plate or disc, etc. from each of the workpiece, is obtained by a method for cutting a plate-shaped brittle material.

When the shape to be cut is a shape composed of a closed curve such as a circle or an ellipse, another line mark or an indentation (hereinafter referred to as separation) is provided at a position apart from the line mark indicating the shape to be cut. By providing a line mark or an indentation,
In the above-mentioned cutting method, it is possible to simultaneously cut and separate the shape of the workpiece.

[0006]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the workpiece is sandwiched by the spherical seats and the workpieces are alternately superposed through the flexible sheets and deformed along the spherical surface, they are sandwiched by the flexible sheets. A bending moment proportional to the curvature of the spherical surface is automatically induced in the workpiece, and the tensile stress due to the bending occurs on the surface with the scratch, and the stress concentration due to the tensile occurs at the scratch. . Therefore, if the radius of curvature of the above-mentioned spherical surface is also appropriately selected, for example, as will be described later, the cutting of the workpiece can be performed almost simultaneously at all longitudinal sections along the previously provided striations and reliably.

When the shape to be cut is a shape composed of a closed curve such as a circle or an ellipse, first, the cutting occurs along the ridge of the closed curve, and then along the separation ridge or the dent. Cutting, but the cutting proceeds to the first cut surface and stops there. As a result, even in a shape surrounded by a closed curve, cutting and separation can be reliably performed in one step.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. G1 and G2 in FIG. 1 are acrylic resins (abbreviated PMMA) having female and male spherical surfaces Q1 and Q2.
The pressurizing plate is made of, and the radius of curvature of both spherical surfaces is R.
Each of T1 to Tn is a work piece, and a streak showing a shape to be cut is provided on one surface of each with a tool such as a diamond cutter, A is a sheet made of an acrylic resin, and S is a compression made of steel. It is a plate. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the above-mentioned plurality of workpieces are alternately overlapped with a sheet A so that the surface on which the striations are formed is on the female spherical surface Q1 side, and these are sandwiched by both spherical surfaces Q1 and Q2. Show.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show examples of striations provided on the workpiece T (square plate having one side a). The streak N shown in FIG. 2 is
16 square plates (one side is a /
4) and the streak Na shown in FIG. 3 are intended to sample nine discs (diameter Da) by cutting the workpiece T. In FIG. 3, the separation trace Nb is shown as a trace Na.
Is provided at a position separated by a gap δ from. This is because the cutting of the work piece occurs first at the scratch Na and then at the separating Nb, so that the disk cut at the scratch Na is automatically separated from the work piece. The effect similar to that of the separating trace Na is that the indentation by a Vitzkers hardness meter is separated from the separating trace N.
It is also possible to provide it at a substantially central position of b. In addition, streak Na
After the disc is cut with, the separation trace Nb may be inserted to perform cutting for separation. In that case, the gap δ = 0 may be used.

Under the condition shown in FIG. 1, if the pressing load W is applied to the compression plate S through the steel ball B, the work T
1, T2, ... Tn are spherical surfaces Q1, Q via the flexible sheet A.
Since it is deformed along 2, the bending moment that is proportional to the curvature of the spherical surface is automatically induced in all the workpieces, and the tensile stress due to the bending occurs on the surface with the scratches,
Moreover, stress concentration due to tension occurs in the streak portion. Therefore, in the present cutting method, if the curvature of the spherical surface is selected to be an appropriate value, the plurality of workpieces can be simultaneously cut by bending in the longitudinal section along the respective scratches by only applying a pressing load.

In the cutting according to the present invention, the radius of curvature R of the spherical surface is
The following formula was used as a guideline for selection. R1 <R <R2 (1) Here, R1 and R2 are the limit values of the radius of curvature when a workpiece without a streak and a workpiece with a streak bend and break, and the thickness of the workpiece Is h, the tensile strength of the material is σ _b , and the Young's modulus is E, R1 = (1/3) × (E / σ _b ) × h (2) R2 = (α / 2) × (E / Σ _b ) × h (3) where α is the stress concentration factor of the streak portion.

Since R> R1 as shown in the equation (1), the cutting of the work piece never occurs at a place other than the streak, and since R <R2, the cutting of the work piece is entirely in the streak. It will occur in the longitudinal section along. Therefore, a plurality of square plates or discs indicated by the scratches N and Na in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be simultaneously sampled from the plurality of workpieces indicated by T1 to Tn in FIG.

The embodiment of simultaneously cutting a plurality of workpieces according to the present invention has been described above, but the same applies to the case of cutting a single workpiece. What is important in this cutting method is whether or not the workpiece deforms along the spherical surface, and as long as this deformation is possible, a plurality of workpieces can be simultaneously cut regardless of the number of workpieces. However, if the deformation is difficult, it goes without saying that the number of workpieces to be cut must be reduced. The acrylic resin sheet A shown in FIG. 1 is for reliably transmitting the pressing load W to each of the stacked work pieces, and includes fine debris generated when the work pieces are cut, This is for treating a plurality of square plates and circular plates cut by the streaks N and Na for respective workpieces.

(Experimental Example) As an experimental example, cutting of a soda glass plate will be described. The Young's modulus E and tensile strength σ _b of this material are as follows. E≈7000 kgf / mm ² , σ _b ≈5.0 kgf /
In the mm ² experiment, the scratches of the shape to be cut were made by ordinary glass cutting. The stress concentration factor of this striation was α≈4.5.

(Experimental Example I) The work piece is a square plate having a thickness of h = 1 mm and a side of a = 100 mm. In the experiment, six workpieces were provided on one surface with striations N, which divide the workpiece into 16 equal parts, respectively, and were overlapped to form 96 square plates (25 mm on a side) by this cutting method. Tried to collect. The radius of curvature of the spherical surface used in the experiment is R = 2000 mm. As a result, all six workpieces were cut in a longitudinal section along the streak, and the desired 96 square plates were taken simultaneously. When R1 and R2 are calculated from the above equations (2) and (3), R1≈470 mm and R2≈3200 mm, and the curvature R = 2000 mm of the spherical surface used in the experiment satisfies the equation (1).

(Experimental Example II) The workpiece is the same as that of the previous example. In the experiment, each of the six workpieces is shown in Fig.
As shown in Fig. 9, nine circular streaks Na are provided, which are overlapped and 54 discs (diameter Da = 30 m are formed by the main cutting method.
Attempted collection of m). The radius of curvature of the spherical surface used in the experiment is the same as that of the previous example, R = 2000 mm, and the disk cut by the striation Na is automatically separated from the workpiece. 11 kgf
It was installed at approximately the center position between each disk under the load of. As a result, all six workpieces were cut as expected and the desired 54 disks were sampled simultaneously.

(Experimental Example III) The work piece has a thickness h = 4 m.
It is a square plate with m and one side of a = 100 mm. Here, an example of an experiment in which a disk and an oval plate are respectively taken from one work piece is shown. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, on one surface of the workpiece T, there are circular and oval-shaped marks N to be cut.
In addition to a, four separation scratches Nb are provided in advance. The streak Na and the separation streak Nb do not intersect, and there is a space δ between them.
Is provided, the cutting of the workpiece first occurs at the scratch Na and then at the separating scratch Nb. Therefore, streak Na
The disc or oval plate cut in step 1 is automatically separated from the work piece. In the experiment, a spherical surface having a radius of curvature R = 8000 mm was used, and the distance between the scratch Na and the separation scratch Nb was δ = 2 mm.
And As a result, the work piece was cut as expected, and the desired disk and oval plate could be collected. It goes without saying that the spherical surface used in the experiment, R = 8000 mm, satisfies the expression (1).

[0018]

As described above, in the cutting method according to the present invention, a scratch having a shape to be cut is provided on one surface of a workpiece made of a plate-like brittle material such as glass or ceramics, and the scratches are overlapped. It was possible to simultaneously cut a desired plurality of square plates or circular plates from a plurality of workpieces by a simple means of simply deforming along a spherical surface. In addition to this, in the present cutting method, since the flexible sheet is provided between the workpieces, the member cut and separated is processed for each workpiece, which facilitates the handling. By providing the separation striations and impressions, it became possible to cut and separate complicated shapes at once. Therefore, the cutting method of the present invention is for cutting a large amount of glass or ceramic plates such as a substrate of an integrated circuit or a solar cell, or a glass disc for protecting a scale plate of various instruments such as a pressure gauge and a gas meter. In the industrial field that requires, the productivity can be dramatically improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the cutting method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing striations made on a workpiece when a square is obtained in the present invention. (A) is the top view.
(B) is a side view of (a).

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing striations made on a workpiece when a disc is obtained in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing striations on a workpiece when a large disc is obtained in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing striations made on a workpiece when obtaining an oval plate in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A flexible sheet B steel ball G1 pressure plate having a female spherical surface G2 pressure plate having a male spherical surface N, Na striations Nb striations or impressions Q1 female spherical surface Q2 male spherical surface R spherical curvature Radius S Compression plate T, T1 to Tn Work piece δ Gap

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plate-like brittle material containing ceramics is provided with a scratch in a shape to be cut with a tool including a diamond cutter in advance on one surface thereof, and then the female and male spherical surfaces having substantially the same curvature are used to form the plate. The brittle material is deformed along each spherical surface by applying a pressing load between the spherical surfaces in a state that the scratches are sandwiched so that the striations can contact the female spherical surface. In the method of cutting by bending in a longitudinal section along the above-mentioned streak, the plate-like brittle material is alternately superposed through a flexible sheet so that the surface on which the streak is provided is in the same direction. A method for cutting a plate-like brittle material characterized by the above. 2. A plate-like brittle material containing ceramics is provided with a scratch in a shape to be cut with a tool including a diamond cutter in advance on one surface of the plate-like brittle material, and then the female and male spherical surfaces having substantially the same curvature are used to form the plate. The brittle material is deformed along each spherical surface by applying a pressing load between the spherical surfaces in a state that the scratches are sandwiched so that the striations can contact the female spherical surface. In the method of cutting by bending in a longitudinal section along the striation, the plate-like brittle material is provided with striations that form closed curves that are separated from each other, and another location that is separate from the striation that forms the closed curve is formed. A method for cutting a plate-like brittle material, characterized by providing a streak or an indentation.