JPH06341625A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an incinerator for waste which is simple in structure and in which incomplete combustion does not occur during incineration and the generation of smoke and ash is reduced. CONSTITUTION:An incinerator has a ceramic plate 7 intervening between a combustion chamber 1a and a discharge gas port 2a, a net of metal 9 above the combustion chamber 1a and under the ceramic plate 7, a plurality of air- drawing holes 5 in the side wall of the furnace body 1 above the combustion chamber 1a, and a hearth 11 inside the furnace, and is coated with a heat- resistant heat-insulating coating inside. The charge undergoes complete combustion by burning from above and the net of metal 9 heated to high temperatures by the heat of combustion inside the furnace causes secondary combustion of unburnt combustible gases produced from the combustion of the waste in the combustion chamber 1a. The temperature inside the furnace is evened out by the radiant heat from the ceramic plate 7 heated to high temperatures by the heat of combustion inside the furnace.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage incinerator for incinerating substances to be incinerated such as household waste or industrial waste,
In particular, it relates to a garbage incinerator that eliminates incomplete combustion during incineration and reduces dust and smoke.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of technique, there is one disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-10132, which is shown in FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 50 denotes a dust input port provided on a side portion of a combustion chamber 53 for injecting dust onto a stoker 52 having a large number of air holes 51. Below the stoker 52, there are three air inlets. The supply pipe 54 is open. Combustion chamber 53
An auxiliary combustion burner 55 is provided on the opposite side of the charging port 50. On the downstream side of the combustion chamber 53, a pair of sponge-like foam ceramic plates 56A, 56A 'and 56B, 56B', 56B "which are a plurality of small holes which are radiation converters.
The re-combustion chamber 57 formed by the above is installed, and the re-combustion chamber 57 is provided with a burner 58. Reburning chamber 57
A heat exchanger 59 is provided on the downstream side, and heat exchange is performed between the air supplied by the forced draft fan 60 and the exhaust gas exiting the reburning chamber 57. A suction blower 61 that discharges exhaust gas is provided on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 59. An air passage 62 exits the heat exchanger 59. The air passage 62 is connected to the air supply pipe 54, and the air supply pipe 54 is provided with a valve 63 for adjusting the amount of air.

[0004]

However, as shown in the prior art, an air supply pipe 54 for supplying air to burn the incineration object is provided below the incineration object, When air is supplied from the lower side of the incineration object in this way, fresh air is supplied from the lower side and the lower part of the incineration object can be completely burned, but the upper part of the incineration object is incompletely burned. Therefore, in order to prevent such a problem, it is necessary to burn the incineration object from the upper side with the burner 58, and the auxiliary combustion burner 54 is required to secondarily burn unburned gas, organic matter in the combustion gas, and the like. Further, since the forced draft fan 60 and the suction blower 61 are required to improve the combustion efficiency, there is a problem that the configuration is complicated, the equipment is expensive, and the running cost is high.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and its object is to simplify the structure and to eliminate incomplete combustion at the time of incineration to prevent smoke and smoke. It aims to provide a refuse incinerator that reduces ash generation.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a refuse incinerator according to the present invention is provided with a furnace body and a combustion gas generated by combustion of incinerator incinerator disposed on the upper surface of the furnace body. A chimney having an exhaust port for exhausting, a hearth floor provided in the lower part of the furnace for placing an incinerator, and an incinerator loading door provided at a position above the hearth side surface of the furnace body. In a refuse incinerator having an ash extraction door provided below the furnace body, a ceramic plate suspended above the combustion chamber in the furnace and below an exhaust port, and a furnace below the ceramic plate A metal net body disposed above the inner combustion chamber, and a plurality of metal nets arranged below the metal net body and above the inner combustion chamber and on the side surface of the furnace body for sucking air outside the furnace body. And an intake port.

The inside of the furnace is coated with a paint containing ceramic as a main component.

[0008]

According to the refuse incinerator of the present invention, since the intake port is provided above the combustion chamber on the side surface of the furnace body, air is sent from above the incineration object, resulting in incomplete combustion of the incineration upper part. Is designed to prevent

Further, during combustion, the metallic net body disposed above the combustion chamber in the furnace is heated to a high temperature state, and the metallic net body in the high temperature state secondarily burns the exhaust gas of unburned gas. At the same time, by attaching waste dust and soot, the generation of smoke is reduced.

Further, the radiant heat generated by heating the ceramic plate suspended above the combustion chamber in the furnace and below the exhaust port improves the combustion efficiency by making the temperature inside the furnace uniform. Prevents incomplete combustion by decomposing unburned gas due to radiation when the ceramic plate becomes hot,
Moreover, the rising airflow in the furnace collides with the ceramic plate to generate convection and maintain the high temperature state in the furnace.
Further, it has a function of preventing carbides and the like contained in the exhaust gas from adhering to or colliding with the ceramic plate and releasing it to the outside.

Furthermore, by coating the inside of the furnace with a paint whose main component is ceramic, the combustion chamber is kept at a high temperature, and unburned gas is decomposed by the electromagnetic waves emitted from the ceramic to promote complete combustion. Let

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In the refuse incinerator according to the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a chimney 2 for exhausting combustion gas generated when burning an incineration object is erected on a ceiling surface of a furnace body 1, The front of the furnace body 1 is provided with an incineration object input door 3 for injecting an incineration object, and below the ash removal door 4 for taking out ash after the incineration object has burned.

Further, an intake port 5 for taking in air outside the furnace is formed on both side surfaces of the furnace body 1, and an intake pipe 5a having a lower opening is connected to the intake port 5. Therefore, the air outside the furnace passes through the intake pipe 5a and is taken into the furnace from the intake port 5.

Furthermore, when burning the incineration object thrown in through the incineration object insertion door 3, the temperature in the vicinity of the opening of the intake pipe 5a becomes high and it is dangerous. Therefore, the cover 6 for protecting it is provided.
Is fixed to the furnace body 1.

In the combustion chamber 1a inside the furnace body 1, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, an exhaust port 2a of the chimney 2 is formed on the ceiling surface, and below the exhaust port 2a, the ceramic plate 7 is formed. But,
It is suspended from the ceiling and is detachably mounted on the suspension mounting members 7a and 7b made of metal such as iron or stainless steel. Further, below it, a U-shaped support frame 8 is provided. Is fixed to the furnace body 1 by welding or the like, and a metal net body 9 is placed on the inner circumference of the support frame 8. The metal net 9 is a rectangular net made of a heat-resistant metal wire material such as stainless steel or titanium alloy.

An explosion-proof valve 10 is provided on the back surface of the furnace body 1 in a normally closed state to open the valve and discharge the air in the furnace when the air in the furnace suddenly expands. Below the explosion-proof valve 10, an ash extraction door 4'for extracting ash from the rear is provided. In the lower part of the furnace, there is provided a hearth 11 configured by a net body such as stainless steel or a plate body provided with a plurality of through holes for placing an incineration object and dropping the ash after incineration downward. There is.

As shown in FIG. 3, the support frame 8 is formed by fixing a substantially U-shaped iron plate or the like to the furnace body 1 by welding or the like, and has an opening 9a at the center. The metal net 9 is placed so as to cover the opening 9a of the support frame 8.

As shown in the figure, the ceramic plates 7 are arranged in two rows and mounted on the suspension mounting members 7a and 7b, and between the ceramic plate 7 and the inner surface of the furnace. Since the gap is formed, the combustion gas generated when the incineration object is burned passes through the metal net 9 and can pass through the gap to the exhaust port 2a of the chimney 2. The one row of ceramic plates 7 may be composed of a plurality of ceramic plates.

According to the refuse incinerator according to the present invention having the above-described structure, as shown in FIG. 4, the object to be incinerated from the incinerator insertion door 3 into the combustion chamber 1a and placed on the hearth 11 is placed. When ignited from above the incineration object 12, oxygen is sent from the intake ports 5 opening on both side surfaces of the furnace body 1, so that combustion starts from above the incineration object 12.

When the inside of the furnace is heated to a high temperature due to the combustion of the incinerated material 12, the metal net 9 is heated to a high temperature.
As shown by the arrow in FIG. 4, unburned gas generated when burning the incineration object rises along the inner wall surface of the furnace, collides with the support frame 8, and convects in the vicinity of the metal net 9. This allows
Since the convection time in the combustion chamber becomes long and the metal net body 9 which is heated and is in a high temperature state is contacted and secondary combustion occurs, generation of unburned gas is prevented.

Moreover, since the convection time of the unburned gas becomes long, it is possible to prevent the temperature inside the furnace from decreasing. Further, since ash dust and soot adhere to the ceramic plate 7 and the metal net body 9, the generation of dust smoke is reduced. It should be noted that the ceramic plate 7 may be made porous so that ash dust and the like can easily adhere thereto.

Further, the radiant heat generated by heating the ceramic plate 7 makes the temperature inside the furnace uniform and improves the combustion efficiency. Further, when the ceramic plate 7 is heated to a high temperature, it functions to decompose unburned gas. Although the reason is not clear, it is considered that the ceramic plate 7 is usually porous when viewed microscopically, and its small holes constitute a cavity close to a perfect black body. When heated to the temperature of, radiation that emits electromagnetic waves occurs from the small holes considered to be black bodies close to this perfect black body, and it is considered that the electromagnetic waves centering on the infrared rays due to this radiation decompose unburned gas, It has been experimentally confirmed that the generation of unburned gas is suppressed by providing the ceramic plate 7. It is a well-known fact that these radiations can be obtained from an electric crucible made of porcelain.

As described above, the ash of the burned material to be incinerated is taken out from the ash extraction doors 4, 4 '.

Further, if a paint containing ceramic as a main component is applied to the inner surface of the furnace body 1, there is a heat retaining effect for maintaining the high temperature state of the combustion chamber.

The above-mentioned coating material containing ceramic as a main component is composed mainly of a ceramic material such as alumina, silicon carbide or silicon nitride, and can withstand a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher. In addition, by covering the inside of the furnace with these ceramic materials, it is considered that black body radiation occurs from the entire inside of the furnace when the temperature inside the furnace becomes high, and electromagnetic waves due to this cause decomposition of unburned gas, which causes complete combustion.

[0027]

In the refuse incinerator according to claim 1 of the present invention, since the intake port is provided above the combustion chamber on the side surface of the furnace body, there is no heat source such as a burner because combustion is performed from the upper part of the incineration object. But it burns completely.

Further, since the metallic net body disposed above the in-furnace combustion chamber is heated at the temperature of the combustion chamber to secondarily burn the unburned gas exhaust gas, a heat source such as an auxiliary burner becomes unnecessary. At the same time, dust and smoke are reduced by attaching waste dust and soot.

Further, the unburned gas is decomposed by the radiation generated by heating the ceramic plate, and the radiant heat makes the temperature inside the furnace uniform so that the ceramic plate is completely burned and the ascending air current in the furnace collides with the ceramic plate. As a result, convection is generated to maintain the high temperature state in the furnace, and further, since carbides contained in the exhaust gas adhere to the ceramic plate, dust and smoke are reduced.

In the refuse incinerator according to the second aspect of the present invention, the inside of the furnace is coated with the paint whose main component is ceramic, so that it has a heat retaining effect and an unburned gas decomposing effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line W-W of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a conventional refuse incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Furnace body 1a Combustion chamber 2a Exhaust port 2 Chimney 3 Incineration object input door 4 Ash extraction door 4'ash extraction door 5 Intake port 7 Ceramic plate 9 Metal mesh body 11 Furnace floor

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A furnace body, a chimney provided on the upper surface of the furnace body and having an exhaust port for exhausting combustion gas generated by combustion of incineration objects in the furnace, and a chimney provided below the furnace body. Garbage incineration having a hearth on which an incinerator is placed, an incinerator loading door provided on the side surface of the furnace body above the furnace floor, and an ash removal door provided below the furnace body In the furnace, a ceramic plate that is hung horizontally above the combustion chamber in the furnace and below the exhaust port, and a metal net that is arranged below the ceramic plate and above the combustion chamber in the furnace And a plurality of intake ports provided on the side surface of the furnace body below the metal mesh body and above the combustion chamber in the furnace to suck in air outside the furnace body. . 2. The waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the furnace is coated with a paint containing ceramic as a main component.