JPH06288185A - Excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the collapse of a working face and take a proper quantity of the excavated earth by exerting the earth retaining effect of the working face in excavating the ground having a large content of boulders and gravel and a small quantity of fine grains and easy to collapse. CONSTITUTION:Multiple spokes 11 are provided at the tip of a conical rotor 10 provided at the tip of a main body l, and a face plate 12 is selectively provided between the spokes 11. An outer periphery bit 11a and a bit 11b are fixed to the spokes 11, and an outer periphery bit 12a is fixed to the face plate 12. A working face is earth-retained by the face plate 12 to prevent its collapse. The opening section of a crushing chamber 14 is reduced by the face plate 12, a large quantity of boulders and gravel is prevented from being taken into the crushing chamber 14 simultaneously when the ground having a large content of boulders and gravel and a small quantity of fine grains is excavated. The collapse of the working face is prevented, and a good excavation state can be maintained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavator for excavating a rock mass, and in particular, when excavating a ground having a large amount of boulders and gravel and a small amount of fine grains, the rock mass is prevented from collapsing and an outer peripheral bit is used. The present invention relates to an excavator capable of crushing boulders.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When laying a sewer pipe or a water pipe, an excavator is installed at the beginning, and a pipe such as a fume pipe or an iron pipe is continuously connected to the rear end of the excavator and is propelled by an extruding device. The semi-shielding method is often adopted. In this construction method, an excavator is placed on the original pusher installed in line with the layout design drawing of the pipeline, and the cutter head of the excavator is driven to excavate the natural ground and discharge the excavated soil to the outside. While pushing forward with the extruding device, a plurality of pipes are successively followed by the excavator to push forward.

The excavator used in the above-mentioned construction method has a plurality of spokes each having a bit attached to a conical rotating body which can be eccentrically rotated with respect to the axis of the excavator on the front side in the traveling direction of the excavator. It has a cutter configured as described above, and is configured by forming an inner wall of the main body corresponding to the disposition portion of the cutter in a conical shape whose diameter increases toward the front.

When excavating the natural ground with the excavator,
The face is excavated by a cutter, the excavated earth and sand and gravel are taken in between the rotating body and the inner wall, the excavated earth and sand are consolidated between the rotating body and the inner wall, and the mud water pressure is applied to the face pressure. The face pressure is prevented from collapsing by making it higher than the water pressure. The excavated earth and sand and the gravel crushed between the rotating body and the inner wall are discharged to the ground by fluid transportation. Then, the excavator moves forward in accordance with the thrust applied by the original pushing device in the excavation process.

[0005]

When the above-mentioned excavator is used, when the boulders, gravel, and sand are taken in between the rotating body and the inner wall in the ground where the content of boulders and gravel is high and the fine grain content is low. During the crushing of the boulders and gravel, fine particles are discharged and filled with the boulders and gravel, the cutter torque becomes excessive, and it becomes impossible to drive the cutter.

Further, in the ground containing a large number of boulders having a maximum diameter that can be taken into an excavator or a lot of boulders having a diameter larger than that, when the outer peripheral bit is damaged, the boulders exert a large load on the spokes of the cutter. In some cases, the cutter torque becomes excessive, which makes it difficult to drive the cutter.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an excavator capable of preventing a face from collapsing and taking in an appropriate amount of soil.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems, an excavator according to the present invention has a plurality of spokes in which a shield body is divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber by a partition, and a bit is attached to the front chamber. In addition, a cone-shaped rotating body that is eccentrically rotatable with respect to the axis of the shield body is provided, and the inner wall of the front chamber is formed in a conical shape whose diameter increases toward the front, and the gravel taken into the front chamber serves as the rotating body. In an excavator constructed so that it can be crushed and discharged to the outside in cooperation with an inner wall, a face plate to which an outer peripheral bit is attached is provided by selecting between the plurality of spokes.

[0009]

According to the above excavator, even if the ground has a large amount of boulders and gravel and a small amount of fine particles, the face is prevented from collapsing and an appropriate amount of earth and sand is taken in to maintain a good excavated state. You can Further, even in the ground including boulders having a diameter equivalent to that which can be taken into the excavator, it is possible to maintain a good excavation state without imposing a severe burden on the spokes of the cutter.

That is, since the face plate to which the outer peripheral bit is selectively fixed is provided between the plurality of spokes, it is possible to prevent the face from collapsing by mountain-mounting by the face plate. Further, by providing the face plate, the opening area between the spokes provided in the cutter is reduced, and it becomes possible to obtain an appropriate amount of excavated soil without taking in a large amount of excavated soil at once between the rotating body and the inner wall. Therefore, an excessive torque does not act on the cutter, and a good excavation state can be maintained.

If boulders exist near the outer circumference of the excavator,
This cobblestone is crushed by the outer peripheral bit which is brought into contact with the face plate and fixed to the face plate. Further, since a plurality of outer peripheral bits are attached on the face plate, even if any of the outer peripheral bits is damaged, the crushing function for the cobblestone is not impaired. Therefore, a good excavation state can be maintained without an excessive force acting on the spokes.

[0012]

EXAMPLES An example of the excavator will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a side sectional view of the excavator, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the excavator.

In the figure, an excavator A has a shield body (main body) 1 provided at the tip in the traveling direction, a first tail shield (first tail) 2 substantially integrated with the main body 1, and a first
A second tail shield (second) fitted to the tail 2 and connected to the tail 2 through a plurality of direction correcting jacks 3
And a tail) 4.

The main body 1 and the first tail 2 are connected and integrated by a bolt 5. Further, the first tail 2 is provided with a partition wall 2a, and the partition wall 2a allows the front chamber 6
It is divided into a and a rear chamber 6b. A cutter 7 is arranged in the front chamber 6a, and a motor 8 for driving the cutter 7 in the rear chamber 6b, a pipe 9a for supplying muddy water whose specific gravity and pressure are controlled, and excavated earth and sand are discharged to the ground together with the muddy water. Devices for controlling the propulsion of the pipe 9b and the excavator A are arranged.

The cutter 7 includes a rotating body 10 having a conical shape whose diameter decreases toward the tip of the excavator A, and the rotating body 10.
, And a face plate 12 selectively provided between the spokes 11. In the present embodiment, the rotary body 10 is provided with four spokes 11, and two spokes 11 are provided between the spokes 11 at opposite positions.
Two face plates 12 are provided.

An outer peripheral bit 11a is attached to each of the spokes 11 at the outermost position, and a plurality of bits 11b are attached to the end faces of the spokes 11 on different radii. These bits 11a and 11b have a function of pressing the cutting face according to the applied thrust and excavating the cutting face by the rotation of the cutter 7. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the dimension between the adjacent spokes 11, that is, the spokes 11
The maximum diameter of the boulder that can be taken into the excavator A is set depending on the area of the opening in between.

The face plate 12 is joined to the side faces of a pair of adjoining spokes 11 over the entire length by means such as welding, and is provided with a plurality of outer peripheral bits 12a at the outermost position. The bit 12a has a function of crushing a cobblestone with a large impact force generated in the cutter bit by the eccentric rotation movement of the crankshaft when a cobblestone having a large diameter is present in the face.

The cutter 7 is rotatably provided on an eccentric shaft 7a having a predetermined eccentric amount with respect to the shaft center 1a of the main body 1. Therefore, the cutter 7 is configured to be eccentrically rotatable about the shaft center 1a and rotatable about the eccentric shaft 7a. During normal excavation, the eccentric rotation about the shaft center 1a of the main body 1 and the eccentric shaft 7
Forced rotation around a is performed.

The inner wall 13 at the tip of the main body 1 facing the cutter 7 is formed in a conical shape whose diameter increases toward the tip, and the tip of the excavator A is tipped by the inner wall 13 and the rotating body 10. A crushing chamber 14 whose cross-sectional area decreases from the side toward the rear is formed. Therefore, the gravel taken into the crushing chamber 14 is gradually sent backward as the excavator A advances, and when it is sandwiched between the inner wall 13 and the rotating body 10 in this process, it is provided by the eccentric rotating body. It is crushed by the impact force.

In the excavator A constructed as described above, when excavating the ground that is likely to collapse, the face plates 12 provided between the spokes 11 support the face face (mounting) to prevent the collapse. Is possible. In addition, the face plate 12 is used in the crushing chamber.
It becomes possible to reduce the opening area of 14 and the crushing chamber
A large amount of boulders that need to be crushed will not be taken into 14, and therefore excessive torque will not act on the cutter 7.

Further, the crushing chamber 14 is provided near the face of the face, especially the excavator blade.
When there is a boulder with a maximum diameter or more that can be taken in, the boulder responds to the eccentric rotation of the cutter 7 by the outer peripheral bits 12a, 11a attached to the integrated face plate 12 and the spokes 11. It is crushed by the impact force. For this reason, it is possible to maintain a stable excavation state without an excessive load acting on the specific spoke 11.

[0022]

As described in detail above, in the excavator according to the present invention, when excavating the ground containing a large amount of easily-disintegrating cobbles and gravel, it is possible to prevent the face from collapsing and to perform stable excavation. Can be done. Also, the area of the opening formed by the tip of the rotating body and the tip of the inner wall can be reduced by the face plate, and a large amount of boulders and gravel are not taken in at one time in the crushing chamber formed by the rotating body and the inner wall . Therefore, stable excavation can be performed under stable cutter torque.

Further, when there is a cobblestone having the maximum diameter that can be taken into the excavator in the ground, it becomes possible to crush the cobblestone by the impact force of the outer peripheral bit attached to the face plate, and an excessive load acts on a specific spoke. There is nothing to do. Therefore, it has a feature that stable excavation can be performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an excavator.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Excavator 1 Shield body (main body) 2 1st tail shield (1st tail) 3 Direction correction jack 4 2nd tail shield (2nd tail) 7 Cutter 8 Motor 10 Rotating body 11 Spoke 11a Outer peripheral bit 11b Bit 12 Face plate 12a Peripheral bit 13 Inner wall 14 Crushing chamber

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshio Akisaka 1-17-40 Azamino, Midori-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa (72) Inventor Makoto Niiyama 5-14-10-310 Sagamigaoka, Zama-shi, Kanagawa

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cone-shaped rotating body having a shield chamber divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber by a partition, a plurality of spokes having bits attached to the front chamber, and which is eccentrically rotatable with respect to the axis of the shield body. The excavation is provided so that the inner wall of the front chamber is formed into a conical shape whose diameter expands toward the front, and the gravel taken into the front chamber can be crushed by the cooperation of the rotating body and the inner wall and discharged to the outside. An excavator, characterized in that a face plate having an outer peripheral bit attached thereto is provided by selecting between the plurality of spokes.