JP4474039B2 - Drilling method - Google Patents

Drilling method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4474039B2
JP4474039B2 JP2000315470A JP2000315470A JP4474039B2 JP 4474039 B2 JP4474039 B2 JP 4474039B2 JP 2000315470 A JP2000315470 A JP 2000315470A JP 2000315470 A JP2000315470 A JP 2000315470A JP 4474039 B2 JP4474039 B2 JP 4474039B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
auger
shaft
screw
excavation
soil
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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JP2000315470A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2002121986A (en
Inventor
北村  精男
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GIKEN LTD.
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GIKEN LTD.
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Priority to JP2000315470A priority Critical patent/JP4474039B2/en
Publication of JP2002121986A publication Critical patent/JP2002121986A/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は地盤掘削方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
掘削作業を行う際、二軸式のオーガ装置が使用される場合があり、大径側のオーガと、小径側のオーガとに分けて、地盤を掘削していた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
その際、地盤によって大径側のオーガと小径側のオーガとの掘削、及びこれら二つのオーガによる掘削土の搬送能力にアンバランスが生じ、排土効率が低下する場合がある。これは、大径側のオーガと小径側のオーガとで土圧差が生じ、土圧が高い方において土砂が圧密されるためである。
【0004】
そこで本発明は、二軸式オーガを用いて地盤を掘削する際の排土効率を向上させることができる掘削方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1記載の発明は、筒状の第一の軸(1a)と、該第一の軸の周囲に設けられるとともに掘削時に土砂を上昇させる第一のスクリュー(1b)とを有する第一のオーガ(1)を備え、前記第一の軸内に配置されている第二の軸(2a)と、該第二の軸の周囲に設けられるとともに掘削時に土砂を上昇させる第二のスクリュー(2b)とを有する第二のオーガ(2)を備えたオーガ装置(3)を用いた掘削方法であって、前記第一のオーガと前記第二のオーガとを回転させることにより、前記第一のスクリューで掘削土を上昇させるとともに、前記第一の軸内において前記第二のスクリューで掘削土を上昇させながら掘削を行い、前記第二のオーガの回転速度を速めることにより前記第一の軸内の土圧を減少させ、前記第一のオーガの回転速度を速めることにより前記第一の軸外の土圧を減少させることにより第一の軸の内外での土圧を調整することを特徴とする。
【0009】
請求項記載の発明は、請求項1に記載の掘削方法であって、前記オーガ装置が、前記第一のオーガと前記第二のオーガとを内部に配置するケーシングを備えていることを特徴とする
【0010】
請求項記載の発明によれば、第一のオーガと第二のオーガとによって排出される掘削土の土圧をケーシング内でより均一にさせることができ、さらに排土効率を向上させることができる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
[第一の実施の形態]
以下、図面を参照して本発明の第一の実施の形態を説明する。まず、構成を説明すると、図1に示すように、第一の実施の形態に係るオーガ装置3は、外周に筒状のケーシング4を配し、その内側に第一のオーガ1を、さらに第一のオーガ1の内側に第二のオーガ2を備えている。
【0014】
第一のオーガ1は、外周に配されたケーシング4の内側にこれと平行に配置されており、筒状の第一の軸1aと第一のスクリュー1bとにより構成されている。第一のスクリュー1bは、第一の軸1aの外周を上端から下端にかけて螺旋状に取り巻くように備えられている。第一の軸1aには、該第一の軸1aの内と外とを連通する、例えば円形の孔1cが複数設けられている。なお、孔1cにおいては後述するように地盤を掘削する場合の排土効率を考慮して、位置,数,形状等が設計される。
【0015】
第二のオーガ2は、筒状の第一の軸1aの内側に配置されている。この第二のオーガ2は第一の軸1aと平行に配置される第二の軸2aと、第二の軸2aの外周を上端から下端にかけて第一のスクリュー1bとは逆向きで螺旋状に取り巻く第二のスクリュー2bと、により構成されている。ここで、第二のオーガ2の先端部2cは第一の軸1aの先端部1dより先に突出して設けられている。先端部2cの径(第一の軸1aから突出する部分の第二のスクリュー2bの径)は第一の軸1aより大きくなっており、先端部2cには掘削刃を有するオーガヘッド5が取り付けられている。
【0016】
このように先端部2cが先端部1dより先に突出しているので、オーガヘッド5は先端部2cにのみ取り付ければよく、第一の軸1aの先端部1dにオーガヘッドを取り付ける必要はなくなりコストの低減を図ることができる。
【0017】
なお、第一の実施の形態においては、先端部2cにのみオーガヘッド5を取り付けるようにしたが、第一の軸1aの先端部1dと第二の軸2aの先端部2cとを略同一に揃えて先端部1d,2cの両方にオーガヘッドを取り付けるようにしてもよい。さらに、第二の軸2aの先端部2cの径を第一の軸1aと略同一にして、先端部1d,2cの両方にオーガヘッドを取り付けるようにしてもよい。
【0018】
次にオーガ装置3を用いた掘削方法を説明する。オーガ装置3の上部に設けられた駆動装置(図示しない)により、第一のオーガ1と第二のオーガ2とを回転させ、第一の軸1aの先端部1dに取り付けられたオーガヘッド5から地盤を掘削する。この場合、第一のスクリュー1bと第二のスクリュー2bとの向きは逆になっており、第一のオーガ1と第二のオーガ2は互いに逆方向の回転で掘削する。このように二つのオーガが互いに逆回転すると、第一の軸1aの内壁が第一の軸1a内の掘削土を第二のスクリュー2bに沿って上昇させるように作用し排土効率は高まる。また、第一のオーガ1及び第二のオーガ2の回転に伴い、これらオーガと一緒にケーシング4も地盤に埋設される状態となる。
【0019】
オーガヘッド5で掘削された掘削土は第一の軸1aの外ではケーシング4の摩擦抵抗を受けて第一のスクリュー1bにより上昇する。第一の軸1aの内においても第一の軸1aがケーシングの役割を果たし、この第一の軸1a内壁の摩擦抵抗を受けて第二のスクリュー2bにより第一の軸1a内の掘削土は上昇する。つまり、第一の軸1aの外側の掘削土は第一のオーガ1とケーシング4とに挟まれ排出され、また第一の軸1aの内側の掘削土は第二のオーガ2と第一の軸1aとに挟まれ排出される。
【0020】
また掘削時において、掘削土は第一の軸1aに設けられた内と外とを連通する孔1cを介して土圧の高い側から低い側に移動する。この場合の掘削土において、第一の軸1aの内と外とでどちらか一方の側だけが圧密されるようなことはなく、第一の軸1aの内と外との土圧差は減少し、地盤の変化(地層の変化)に柔軟に対応して排土効率を向上させることができる。なお、前述したように第一の軸1aに設けた孔1cは、地盤を掘削する場合の排土効率を考慮して、位置,数,形状等が設計されている。
【0021】
従って、オーガ装置3は、第一のオーガ1と第二のオーガ2とが内部に配置されるケーシング4を備える二重構造のケーシングオーガとなり、第一の軸1aに連通する孔1cにより掘削土の土圧差を減少させ(ケーシング4内の土圧をより均一化させ)排土効率を高めることができる。
【0022】
[第二の実施の形態]
第二の実施の形態に係るオーガ装置の基本構造は、第一の実施の形態に係るオーガ装置3と略同様であり、同様の構成要素には、同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。図2に示すように、第二の実施の形態に係るオーガ装置3は、第一のスクリュー1bと第二のスクリュー2bの向きが同じになっている。
【0023】
掘削時において、第一のスクリュー1bの向きと第二のスクリュー2bの向きは同じなので第一のオーガ1と第二のオーガ2は同じ方向に回転する。この場合、オーガ装置3の上部に設けてあるモータ、変速機等を制御する制御装置(図示しない)を制御して、第一のオーガ1の回転速度と第二のオーガ2の回転速度をそれぞれ制御するようにする。これにより、第一の軸1aの内と外とで掘削される掘削土のどちらかの土圧が高くなった場合に、第一のオーガ1の回転速度と第二のオーガ2の回転速度とのうちの少なくとも一方の回転速度を土圧が低くなるように変えて高くなった土圧を減少させ排土効率を高めることができる。すなわち、第一の軸1a内の土圧が高くなった場合には第二のオーガ2の回転速度を速めるように制御し、第一の軸1a外の土圧が高くなった場合には第一のオーガ1の回転速度を速めるように制御して、掘削土の土圧を第一の軸1aの内外でそれぞれ調整しながら排土効率を高める。
【0024】
なお、第一のオーガ1の回転速度と第二のオーガ2の回転速度は掘削する地盤の変化(地表の変化)等を考慮して制御される。また第二の実施の形態において、第一の実施の形態と同様に第一の軸1aに孔1cを設けるものとしてもよいし、また孔1cを設けないものとしてもよい。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
請求項1記載の発明によれば、二軸式オーガを用いて地盤を掘削する際の排土効率を向上させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】第一の実施の形態に係るオーガ装置の一部を破断した要部側面図である。
【図2】第二の実施の形態に係るオーガ装置の一部を破断した要部側面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 第一のオーガ
1a 第一の軸
1b 第一のスクリュー
1c 孔
2 第二のオーガ
2a 第二の軸
2b 第二のスクリュー
3 オーガ装置
4 ケーシング
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the drilling method of the ground.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When performing excavation work, a biaxial auger device may be used, and the ground is excavated separately for a large diameter auger and a small diameter auger.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
At that time, the ground may unbalance between the excavation of the large diameter auger and the small diameter auger, and the excavation soil conveyance capacity by these two augers, and the soil removal efficiency may be reduced. This is because an earth pressure difference occurs between the large diameter side auger and the small diameter side auger, and the earth and sand are consolidated at a higher earth pressure.
[0004]
Accordingly, the present invention aims at providing a drilling method dumping efficiency that can be improved when drilling ground using a twin screw auger.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 includes a first cylindrical shaft (1a) and a first screw (1b) provided around the first shaft and for raising soil during excavation. A second shaft (2a) that includes an auger (1) and is disposed within the first shaft, and a second screw (2b) that is provided around the second shaft and raises earth and sand during excavation. The excavation method using the auger device (3) provided with the second auger (2) having the first auger and the second auger to rotate the first auger The excavation soil is raised with a screw, and excavation is performed while the excavation soil is raised with the second screw in the first shaft, and the rotational speed of the second auger is increased to increase the excavation soil in the first shaft. Reduce the earth pressure of the first auger And adjusting the earth pressure at the inside and outside of the first shaft by reducing the earth pressure outside the first shaft by accelerating the time.
[0009]
Invention of Claim 2 is the excavation method of Claim 1, Comprising: The said auger apparatus is provided with the casing which arrange | positions said 1st auger and said 2nd auger inside. And
[0010]
According to invention of Claim 2 , the earth pressure of the excavated soil discharged | emitted by the 1st auger and the 2nd auger can be made more uniform within a casing, and also it can improve soil discharging efficiency. it can.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[First embodiment]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the configuration will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the auger apparatus 3 according to the first embodiment includes a cylindrical casing 4 on the outer periphery, the first auger 1 on the inner side, A second auger 2 is provided inside one auger 1.
[0014]
The first auger 1 is arranged in parallel to the inside of the casing 4 disposed on the outer periphery, and is constituted by a cylindrical first shaft 1a and a first screw 1b. The first screw 1b is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the first shaft 1a in a spiral shape from the upper end to the lower end. The first shaft 1a is provided with a plurality of, for example, circular holes 1c communicating the inside and the outside of the first shaft 1a. Note that the position, number, shape, and the like of the hole 1c are designed in consideration of soil removal efficiency when excavating the ground as described later.
[0015]
The 2nd auger 2 is arrange | positioned inside the cylindrical 1st axis | shaft 1a. The second auger 2 has a second shaft 2a disposed in parallel with the first shaft 1a, and a spiral shape in the opposite direction to the first screw 1b from the upper end to the lower end of the second shaft 2a. And the surrounding second screw 2b. Here, the tip 2c of the second auger 2 is provided so as to protrude ahead of the tip 1d of the first shaft 1a. The diameter of the tip 2c (the diameter of the second screw 2b protruding from the first shaft 1a) is larger than that of the first shaft 1a, and an auger head 5 having an excavating blade is attached to the tip 2c. It has been.
[0016]
Since the tip 2c protrudes ahead of the tip 1d in this way, the auger head 5 only needs to be attached to the tip 2c, and it is not necessary to attach the auger head to the tip 1d of the first shaft 1a. Reduction can be achieved.
[0017]
In the first embodiment, the auger head 5 is attached only to the tip 2c, but the tip 1d of the first shaft 1a and the tip 2c of the second shaft 2a are substantially the same. You may make it attach an auger head to both front-end | tip parts 1d and 2c. Furthermore, the auger head may be attached to both the tip portions 1d and 2c with the diameter of the tip portion 2c of the second shaft 2a being substantially the same as that of the first shaft 1a.
[0018]
Next, the excavation method using the auger apparatus 3 is demonstrated. A first auger 1 and a second auger 2 are rotated by a driving device (not shown) provided at the upper portion of the auger device 3, and the auger head 5 attached to the tip 1d of the first shaft 1a is used. Excavate the ground. In this case, the directions of the first screw 1b and the second screw 2b are reversed, and the first auger 1 and the second auger 2 are excavated by rotation in opposite directions. When the two augers rotate in reverse in this way, the inner wall of the first shaft 1a acts to raise the excavated soil in the first shaft 1a along the second screw 2b, and the soil removal efficiency is increased. Further, with the rotation of the first auger 1 and the second auger 2, the casing 4 is also buried in the ground together with these augers.
[0019]
Excavated soil excavated by the auger head 5 rises by the first screw 1b due to the frictional resistance of the casing 4 outside the first shaft 1a. The first shaft 1a also serves as a casing in the first shaft 1a, and the excavated soil in the first shaft 1a is received by the frictional resistance of the inner wall of the first shaft 1a by the second screw 2b. To rise. That is, the excavated soil outside the first shaft 1a is sandwiched and discharged between the first auger 1 and the casing 4, and the excavated soil inside the first shaft 1a is exhausted between the second auger 2 and the first shaft. It is sandwiched between 1a and discharged.
[0020]
Further, during excavation, excavated soil moves from a high earth pressure side to a low side via a hole 1c that communicates the inside and the outside of the first shaft 1a. In the excavated soil in this case, only one side of the first shaft 1a is not consolidated, and the difference in soil pressure between the first shaft 1a and the outside is reduced. The soil removal efficiency can be improved by flexibly responding to ground changes (stratum changes). As described above, the position, number, shape, and the like of the hole 1c provided in the first shaft 1a are designed in consideration of soil removal efficiency when excavating the ground.
[0021]
Accordingly, the auger device 3 is a double-structured casing auger including a casing 4 in which the first auger 1 and the second auger 2 are disposed, and excavated soil is formed by the hole 1c communicating with the first shaft 1a. The earth pressure difference can be reduced (the earth pressure in the casing 4 can be made more uniform), and the soil discharging efficiency can be increased.
[0022]
[Second Embodiment]
The basic structure of the auger apparatus according to the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the auger apparatus 3 according to the first embodiment, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. . As shown in FIG. 2, in the auger device 3 according to the second embodiment, the directions of the first screw 1b and the second screw 2b are the same.
[0023]
At the time of excavation, since the direction of the first screw 1b and the direction of the second screw 2b are the same, the first auger 1 and the second auger 2 rotate in the same direction. In this case, a control device (not shown) for controlling a motor, a transmission, and the like provided on the upper portion of the auger device 3 is controlled so that the rotation speed of the first auger 1 and the rotation speed of the second auger 2 are respectively controlled. Try to control. Thereby, when the earth pressure of one of the excavated soils excavated inside and outside the first shaft 1a increases, the rotational speed of the first auger 1 and the rotational speed of the second auger 2 The rotation speed of at least one of them can be changed so that the earth pressure becomes low, and the earth pressure that has become high can be reduced to increase the soil discharging efficiency. That is, when the earth pressure in the first shaft 1a becomes high, the rotation speed of the second auger 2 is controlled to increase, and when the earth pressure outside the first shaft 1a becomes high, the first By controlling so as to increase the rotational speed of one auger 1, the earth pressure of the excavated soil is adjusted inside and outside the first shaft 1a, respectively, and the soil discharging efficiency is increased.
[0024]
The rotational speed of the first auger 1 and the rotational speed of the second auger 2 are controlled in consideration of changes in the ground to be excavated (changes in the ground surface) and the like. In the second embodiment, the hole 1c may be provided in the first shaft 1a as in the first embodiment, or the hole 1c may not be provided.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to improve the soil removal efficiency when excavating the ground using the biaxial auger .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a principal part in which a part of an auger device according to a first embodiment is cut away.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a principal part in which a part of an auger device according to a second embodiment is cut away.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 first auger 1a first shaft 1b first screw 1c hole 2 second auger 2a second shaft 2b second screw 3 auger device 4 casing

Claims (2)

筒状の第一の軸と、該第一の軸の周囲に設けられるとともに掘削時に土砂を上昇させる第一のスクリューとを有する第一のオーガを備え、
前記第一の軸内に配置されている第二の軸と、該第二の軸の周囲に設けられるとともに掘削時に土砂を上昇させる第二のスクリューとを有する第二のオーガを備えたオーガ装置を用いた掘削方法であって、
前記第一のオーガと前記第二のオーガとを回転させることにより、前記第一のスクリューで掘削土を上昇させるとともに、前記第一の軸内において前記第二のスクリューで掘削土を上昇させながら掘削を行い、
前記第二のオーガの回転速度を速めることにより前記第一の軸内の土圧を減少させ、前記第一のオーガの回転速度を速めることにより前記第一の軸外の土圧を減少させることにより第一の軸の内外での土圧を調整することを特徴とする掘削方法。
A first auger having a cylindrical first shaft and a first screw provided around the first shaft and raising earth and sand during excavation,
An auger device comprising a second auger having a second shaft disposed within the first shaft and a second screw provided around the second shaft and for raising earth and sand during excavation A drilling method using
While rotating the first auger and the second auger, the excavated soil is raised by the first screw and the excavated soil is raised by the second screw in the first shaft. There row drilling,
Decreasing the earth pressure in the first shaft by increasing the rotation speed of the second auger, and decreasing the earth pressure outside the first axis by increasing the rotation speed of the first auger. The excavation method is characterized in that the earth pressure inside and outside the first shaft is adjusted by the above.
請求項1に記載の掘削方法であって、The excavation method according to claim 1,
前記オーガ装置が、前記第一のオーガと前記第二のオーガとを内部に配置するケーシングを備えていることを特徴とする掘削方法。  The excavation method, wherein the auger device includes a casing in which the first auger and the second auger are arranged.
JP2000315470A 2000-10-16 2000-10-16 Drilling method Expired - Lifetime JP4474039B2 (en)

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JP4474039B2 true JP4474039B2 (en) 2010-06-02

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