JPH04272392A - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To set freely the motion of eccentric rotation, specially a speed of revolution by improving an eccentric rotation mechanism of an excavation mechanism. CONSTITUTION:A sun gear 60 is fixed to a motor's rotary shaft 52, a plurality of planet gears 40 are interlocked with the peripheral surface of the sun gear 60 at equal intervals, and an internal gear 70 fixed to a device body 10 is interlocked with the peripheral surfaces of the planet gears 40. An eccentric shaft 42 provided to each of the planet gears 40 at an eccentric position from the axial center is connected to a bearing plate 34 of a cone rotor 30 as a part of an excavation mechanism, etc., through a bearing 36 so that it is capable of rotation.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Field of Application] This invention relates to a tunnel excavation device, and more specifically, when constructing underground pipes such as sewerage pipes, the tunnel excavation equipment is used to excavate and form underground holes without excavating the ground. This invention relates to a tunnel excavation device for excavating relatively small diameter tunnels underground, which is used in the so-called propulsion method, in which underground pipes are sequentially advanced and buried into buried holes.

0002

[Prior art] As a method for promoting underground pipes, an excavator equipped with an auger or other excavation mechanism at the tip is used to excavate a hole in the ground, and the underground pipe is propelled and buried following the excavation movement of the excavator. There is a method to do this, and this method is generally called the auger method. The structure of the excavation mechanism is as follows:
The ground is excavated by rotating an excavating arm or excavating face plate equipped with a number of excavating blades called cutters or bits using a motor installed at the rear. The earth and sand taken in behind the excavation face plate etc. are sent to the rear while being compacted by a conical cone rotor that rotates together with the excavation face plate etc. The earth and sand sent out from the excavation mechanism is conveyed backwards by an earth removal conveyor installed through the inside of the buried pipe row that is propelled and buried behind the excavation machine, and is transported from the rear end of the buried pipe row to the shaft or the ground surface. Will be disposed of.

[0003] The excavation mechanism may be simply rotated as described above, but it is also possible to cause the excavation mechanism to perform eccentric rotation that combines rotation around the center of the excavation mechanism and revolution around the center of the excavator. It has been discovered that the excavated earth and sand can be efficiently consolidated and the frictional resistance exerted by the earth and sand can be reduced by this method, and an excavator in which the excavation mechanism performs eccentric rotation as described above has been proposed. More specifically, it is disclosed in JP-A-61-102999 and the like. This method is said to be effective not only for compacting earth and sand but also for crushing gravel by eccentric rotation of the excavation mechanism.

[0004] In the above-mentioned prior art, the following mechanism is adopted as a mechanism for eccentrically rotating the excavation mechanism by rotation of a motor or the like. In other words, the rotating shaft of the motor is bent in the middle, and the tip side is deviated from the axis of the base side, making it a so-called crankshaft, and the cutter assembly (excavation arm) is connected to the tip of the crankshaft via a rotating bearing. and a rotary head (cone rotor) is attached. An external gear is provided at the rear of the cone rotor, and on the device main body side,
An internal gear with a slightly larger number of teeth and a larger inner diameter than the external gear is fixed. As described above, since the crankshaft is eccentric, the external gears mesh inside the internal gear with their centers shifted from each other. When the crankshaft rotates in this state, the axes of the excavation face plate and the cone rotor revolve as the tip of the crankshaft moves in a circle. In addition, since the internal gear is meshed with the external gear, the external gear rotates along the internal gear, and as a result, the cone rotor and digging arm rotate about their axes, as described above. This is what is called eccentric rotation.

Next, as mentioned above, in the method of discharging the excavated earth and sand from the end of the buried pipe row to the ground using an earth removal conveyor, the distance from the excavator to the rear end of the buried pipe row is narrow. It is necessary to install a transport mechanism for the excavated earth inside the burial hole, which makes the device complicated, resulting in high equipment and operating costs. However, there were problems such as the fact that the propulsion speed could not be increased very much, and that it took time and cost to dispose of the excavated earth and sand as waste.

[0006] Therefore, in the case of buried pipes of relatively small diameter, an earth-less propulsion method has been proposed in which excavated earth and sand are processed inside the buried hole and no earth is discharged to the outside. Specifically, a conical guide body is press-fitted into the ground to form a buried hole. Sediment removed to the outer circumference by the guide body is
Since the inner wall of the burial hole, that is, the ground side, is consolidated, the burial hole can be formed without discharging soil to the outside. Specific soil-less propulsion methods include impact press-in methods using compressed air and press-in methods using hydraulic jacks. However, in these earthless construction methods, there is a very large resistance to press-fitting the guide body into the ground, and an extremely large driving force must be applied to the guide body. As a result, equipment such as a main push jack that provides propulsion force becomes larger, and the power required for operation also increases.

[0007] As a construction method without soil removal to solve the above problem, the construction method described below has been proposed. In this construction method, first, an excavation mechanism like the auger method described above is provided at the tip of a guide body, and this guide body, that is, an excavator, excavates the ground in front of the excavator to create a buried hole corresponding to the outside diameter of the excavator. The excavated earth and sand are once taken into the inside of the excavation machine, and the taken-in earth and sand is pushed out in a radial direction from the earth discharge port that opens on the outer circumferential surface of the excavation machine at the rear of the excavation machine, and is removed from the inner wall of the burial hole. Consolidate from the ground to the ground side. In this construction method, the ground is excavated with an excavator and then consolidated into the ground around the periphery, so compared to forcing the guide body into the ground, there is less axial resistance and it can be propelled with a relatively small driving force. This means that it can be done.

Furthermore, in the above construction method, if the excavation mechanism is eccentrically rotated as in the prior art, the earth and sand is pushed out in the radial direction from the soil discharge port by the radial force accompanying the eccentric rotation of the cone rotor. This makes it possible to efficiently consolidate the earth and sand into the ground side. According to this improved soil-less construction method, it is possible to carry out the propulsion burial construction of buried pipes more efficiently and at lower cost.

[0009]

However, the above-described conventional excavation equipment in which the excavation mechanism is eccentrically rotated has a drawback in that the rotation speed of the excavation mechanism, particularly the revolution speed, cannot be freely set. That is, in the conventional eccentric rotation mechanism using a crankshaft, when the motor rotates once, the crankshaft, that is, the digging arm and the cone rotor also revolve once. Also,
The rotation of the excavating mechanism is determined by the ratio of the number of teeth between the external gear and the internal gear, and this ratio of the number of teeth is automatically determined by the amount of eccentricity of the crankshaft. Therefore, there is an inconvenience that the revolution and rotation speeds of the excavation mechanism cannot be freely set.

[0010] For example, in order to increase the consolidation force of the cone rotor for the purpose of improving the consolidation effect of earth and sand, it is conceivable to reduce the revolution speed of the cone rotor and increase the rotational torque. In the conventional eccentric rotation mechanism described above, the revolution speed of the cone rotor is the same as the rotation speed of the motor, so the motor rotation speed is reduced by a reduction mechanism to increase the torque before inputting it to the eccentric rotation mechanism. The overall structure becomes complicated and large.

[0011] Although the above explanation has been made using an example of an excavation device used in the propulsion method, similar problems also occur in excavation devices for excavating various small diameter tunnels that have the same problem. Therefore, the object of this invention is to solve the problems of the eccentric rotation mechanism of the excavation mechanism in the conventional tunnel excavation equipment as described above, to allow the rotation speed, especially the revolution speed, to be easily and freely set, and to provide a structurally Our goal is to provide a simple tunnel excavation device.

0012

[Means for Solving the Problems] A tunnel excavation device according to the present invention which solves the above-mentioned problems has, at the tip of the excavation device main body, an excavation blade and a consolidation body for consolidating earth and sand excavated by the excavation blade. A tunnel excavation device comprising an excavation mechanism, in which at least a part of the excavation mechanism performs eccentric rotation that is a combination of rotation around the axis of the excavation mechanism and revolution around the axis and another center, the excavation mechanism The rotation transmission mechanism from the driving rotation shaft to the excavation mechanism includes a sun gear fixed to the driving rotation shaft, a plurality of planetary gears arranged at equal intervals around the sun gear and meshing with the sun gear, and each planetary gear. It is equipped with an internal gear that meshes with the outer periphery of the gear and is fixed to the main body of the device, and an eccentric shaft provided at a position eccentric from the axis of the plurality of planetary gears is rotatably connected to the excavation mechanism.

[0013] The basic structure of the excavation rig may be the same as that of the excavation rigs used in the various conventional propulsion methods described above. At the tip of the excavating device, an excavating mechanism including a so-called excavating blade such as a bit or cutter for excavating the ground is provided. The excavation mechanism is driven by a driving rotating shaft such as an electric motor or a hydraulic/pneumatic motor. The motor with the driving rotation shaft may be built into the interior of the drilling equipment at the rear, or
The driving shaft may be driven by a motor installed in a shaft or on the ground surface via a drive shaft passing through the inside of a cylindrical propulsion shaft body attached to the rear of the excavation equipment. When a screw conveyor for soil removal is installed inside the propulsion shaft, the screw conveyor can also be used as a drive shaft.

[0014] At the rear of the excavation mechanism, an earth discharge conveyor mechanism may be provided to transport the excavated earth and sand to the shaft or the ground surface, or an earth discharge port provided on the outer peripheral wall of the excavation device may be provided to convey the excavated earth and sand to the shaft or the ground surface. It is also possible to compact the soil and backfill it to the ground side to prevent the waste soil from coming out. The excavation diameter of the excavation mechanism is usually set to the same diameter as the outer diameter of the tunnel to be excavated or the buried pipe to be buried.
The excavation diameter is set larger than the target diameter of the tunnel or the diameter of the buried pipe, and the excavated soil is backfilled into the ground through the step or gap that occurs between the excavation diameter and the tunnel inner diameter or buried pipe diameter. It can also be compacted. Specific means of such an excavation method for increasing the excavation diameter and the structure of the excavation device are disclosed in detail in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-401711, which was previously filed by the applicant of the present invention.

The excavation mechanism includes an excavation arm or an excavation face plate provided with the above-mentioned excavation blade, and a compaction body behind the excavation arm, etc., which compacts the excavated earth and transports it to the rear. The compacted body is a so-called cone rotor, and has a generally conical shape that is thin at the tip and thickens toward the rear. Specifically, in addition to a truncated cone shape and a truncated polygonal pyramid shape, shapes in which the rear of these truncated pyramid shapes is cylindrical or polygonal are used. On the outer periphery of the compacted body, there are
Protrusions, uneven stripes, etc. can be formed in advance. Also,
If a screw plate is attached to the outer periphery of the compacted body in a spiral manner, the earth and sand transport and compaction actions can be carried out effectively. If the inner wall of the device main body facing the consolidation body narrows from the tip toward the rear, contrary to the consolidation body, consolidation of earth and sand will be performed efficiently. This compaction body, excavation arm, etc. are driven by the driving rotation shaft.

The principle of a so-called planetary gear mechanism is utilized as a rotation transmission mechanism from the driving rotation shaft to the excavation mechanism. That is, a sun gear is connected and fixed to the driving rotation shaft, and planetary gears are meshed with the outer periphery of the sun gear. The planetary gear is
Multiple pieces are arranged at equal intervals around the outer circumference of the sun gear. The number of planetary gears should be at least two, but it is preferable to arrange three planetary gears in an equilateral triangle shape in terms of load balance, and it is also possible to use four or more planetary gears. It is. An internal gear is provided to mesh with the outer periphery of each planetary gear. The internal gear is fixed to the device main body side. Each planetary gear is rotatably supported by a bearing such as a bearing on the rear surface of the compacted body, and the movement of the entire planetary gear is transmitted to an excavation mechanism such as the compacted body.

[0017] In this way, the sun gear, the planetary gears, and the internal gear constitute a type of planetary gear mechanism, and the excavation mechanism to which the planetary gears are connected has a rotation speed of the driving rotating shaft. It will rotate at a constant ratio. By appropriately setting the ratio of the number of teeth of each gear, the number of rotations or the speed ratio transmitted from the driving rotation shaft to the excavation mechanism can be freely set. For example, if the number of teeth of the sun gear and the planetary gear are the same, the number of rotations of the rotation driving shaft (per unit time,
The excavation mechanism rotates at 1/4 of the rotation speed (the same applies hereinafter). As a method for setting such a rotation speed, a known method for calculating the gear ratio in a planetary gear mechanism can be applied, and the gear ratio between the sun gear and the planetary gear may be adjusted in accordance with the required rotation speed ratio. However, if the axis of the planetary gear is directly connected to the excavation mechanism, the excavation mechanism only rotates around the same center as the driving rotation axis.

In this invention, as a connection structure between the planetary gear and the excavation mechanism, instead of connecting the axis of the planetary gear to the excavation mechanism, an eccentric shaft is provided at a position eccentric from the axis of each planetary gear. Rotatably connected to the rear surface of the compacted body of the excavation mechanism. The part where the eccentric shafts of the planetary gears are connected becomes an eccentric rotating part. This eccentric rotating part simultaneously performs so-called autorotation, which is rotating around the axis of the eccentric rotating part itself, and so-called revolution, which is rotating around the center of the driving rotating shaft, and such movement is called eccentric rotation. The rotational speeds of revolution and rotation are determined by the ratio of the number of teeth between the sun gear and the planetary gears. Specifically, for example, when the number of teeth of the sun gear and the planetary gear are the same, the eccentric rotating part of the excavation mechanism rotates at 1/4 the rotation speed of the rotation driving shaft, and rotates at 1/2 the rotation speed of the rotation driving shaft. It will revolve. If the rotation speed is reduced, the operating torque can be increased. The ratio of the rotational speeds is determined completely independently of the amount of eccentricity of the planetary gear. If the amount of eccentricity of the planetary gear is increased, the amount of eccentric movement in the radial direction of the eccentric rotating portion increases, and for example, the amount of earth and sand transferred in the radial direction can be increased.

The eccentric rotating part may be the entire excavation mechanism including the compaction body and the excavation arm, or only the compaction body may be an eccentric rotating part, or only a part of the compaction body may be eccentrically rotating part. It may be a department. The rest of the excavation mechanism except for the eccentric rotating part directly transmits the rotation of the above-mentioned driving rotation shaft,
It is preferable to use a fixed position rotating section that performs only normal rotation without eccentricity. By keeping the excavating arm, etc. as a rotating part in a fixed position, when excavating the ground with the excavating blade, there will be no wobbling due to eccentricity of the excavating arm, that is, no expansion of the excavation range.
Excavation diameter can be set accurately. As mentioned above, when providing a soil discharge port on the outer peripheral wall of the excavation equipment body and consolidating earth and sand from there to the ground side, at least the portion of the compacted body that corresponds to the soil discharge port is used to discharge soil. It is preferable to use an eccentric rotating part so that it can be easily sent out in the radial direction from the soil opening. The front part of the compacted body near the excavation arm, etc.
In a location where the function of sending earth and sand to the rear is mainly performed, a fixed position rotating section may be used instead of an eccentric rotating section.

In addition to the above-mentioned structure, the excavation equipment also includes a direction control mechanism for controlling the direction of propulsion of the excavation equipment, a surveying mechanism for surveying the direction of propulsion of the excavation equipment, and wiring for supplying power and hydraulic pressure to the excavation equipment. Various mechanisms similar to those of ordinary excavating equipment can be provided, such as cables, piping, and a connecting mechanism for connecting and supporting buried pipes to the excavating equipment. To provide propulsion to the drilling rig, the last end of the buried pipe array connected to the rear of the drilling rig may be pushed by a jack installed in the shaft, or Propulsion shaft bodies made of steel pipes or the like may be successively connected inside the tube array, and the rearmost end of the propulsion shaft bodies may be pressed by the above-mentioned push jack or the like. In this case, the buried pipe row may be pressed with a push jack separately from the propulsion shaft, or the leading end of the buried pipe row may be fixed to the excavation equipment, and the buried pipe row may be pressed as the excavation equipment advances. You may try to lead the line. Furthermore, it is also possible to hold and fix the buried pipe row to a propulsion shaft passed through the interior thereof, and to propel the buried pipe row together with the propulsion shaft. The method of holding and fixing the buried pipe array to the propulsion shaft body and its specific structure are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-298619 and Japanese Patent Application No. 1-1, which the applicant has previously filed for patent.
It is disclosed in detail in No. 83271 and the like.

[0021] The material for the buried pipe can be Hume pipe, steel pipe, reinforced plastic pipe, PVC pipe, and various other pipe materials used in normal propulsion methods.
Applicable to sewer pipes, gas pipes, electrical conduit pipes, and any other underground pipes. Further, the present invention can be applied not only to a buried pipe propulsion method, but also to any excavation device for excavating comparatively small diameter tunnels in various civil engineering works.

[0022]

[Operation] By transmitting the rotation of the driving rotating shaft such as a motor to the excavation mechanism using a planetary gear mechanism consisting of a sun gear, multiple planetary gears, and internal gears, the rotation of the driving rotating shaft can be achieved by the principle of the planetary gear mechanism. is decelerated at a fixed ratio and extracted as the rotation of the entire planetary gear. If the axes of the plurality of planetary gears are connected to the excavation mechanism, the excavation mechanism will also rotate as the entire planetary gears rotate. However, with this alone, the excavation mechanism only rotates in a fixed position, and cannot perform eccentric rotation that simultaneously rotates and revolves.

Therefore, in the present invention, an eccentric shaft provided at a position eccentric from the axis of each planetary gear is connected to the excavation mechanism. The eccentric shaft rotates separately from the rotation of the entire planetary gear.
As each planetary gear rotates, it rotates around the axis of the planetary gear. As a result, a virtual polygon with the eccentric axis of each planetary gear as its apex and the axis of the sun gear as its center revolves around the axis of the sun gear while rotating on its own axis without changing its shape. Become. Since each eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to the eccentric rotating section of the excavation mechanism, the motion of the virtual polygon connecting the eccentric shafts of the planetary gears is directly transmitted to the motion of the eccentric rotating section. As a result, the movement of the eccentric rotating part is the so-called revolution movement around the center of the sun gear, that is, the driving rotation axis, at a rotation speed equal to the rotation of the individual planetary gears, and the rotation of the excavation mechanism due to the rotation of the entire planetary gear. It performs a so-called rotational motion around its axis. In this way, the eccentric rotating portion of the excavation mechanism performs a combination of rotation and revolution as described above, that is, eccentric rotation.

[0024] The ratio between the rotational speed of the eccentric rotating part and the rotational speed of the driving rotating shaft is calculated theoretically from the principle of the planetary gear mechanism, based on the number of teeth of the sun gear and the planetary gear. You can. For example, if the number of teeth of the sun gear is Z1
, if the number of teeth of the planetary gear is Z2, then the revolution speed of the eccentric rotating part is Z1 /2Z2 for one revolution of the driving rotation shaft
Therefore, the rotational speed of the eccentric rotating part is −Z1 /{2(
Z1 + Z2 )} (- means reverse rotation). Therefore, by adjusting the values of Z1 and Z2, it is possible to arbitrarily set the rotation and revolution speeds of the eccentric rotating section. Further, since the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric shaft of the planetary gear becomes the amount of eccentricity when the eccentric rotating portion revolves, that is, the radius of revolution, the radius of revolution of the eccentric rotating portion can be freely adjusted by the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric shaft.

[0025]

Embodiments Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show the overall structure of the drilling rig. A digging arm 20 extending in all directions from the center is provided at the tip of the cylindrical device main body 10, and a large number of bits or cutters, ie, digging blades 22, are attached to the front surface of the digging arm 20. The excavating arm 20 is integrally fixed to the tip of a cone rotor 30 that serves as a compact body, and the cone rotor 30 is housed inside the apparatus main body 10. The cone rotor 30 has a truncated cone shape that has a narrow tip and tapers toward the rear, and the rear end of the cone rotor 30 is a cylindrical portion 32 without a taper. The device main body 1 facing the tapered portion of the cone rotor 30
The inner circumferential wall 12 of No. 0 has a conical hole shape that is wide at the tip end near the excavation arm 20 and tapers toward the rear. Surrounded by this inner peripheral wall 12 and the outer peripheral surface of the cone rotor 30,
The excavated earth and sand passes through a space that becomes narrower towards the rear. A large number of soil discharge ports 14 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the device main body 10 at a location facing the cylindrical portion 32 of the cone rotor 30.
is formed through it. The excavated earth and sand is returned to the ground E side through this earth discharge port 14, and is compacted and backfilled into the ground E.

Behind the cone rotor 30, the device main body 10
A motor 50 is fixed at the back of the internal partition wall 16,
A rotating shaft 52 of the motor 50 passes through the internal partition wall 16 and extends forward through the center of the device body 10.
becomes the driving rotation axis. A sun gear 6 is attached to the driving rotation shaft 52.
0 is installed and fixed. On the outer periphery of the sun gear 60, three planetary gears 40 are arranged in an equilateral triangular shape at equal intervals on the circumference and mesh with the sun gear 60. The number of teeth of the planetary gear 40 and the sun gear 60 are set to be the same. A support shaft 44 is provided on the back side of the planetary gear 40 near the motor 50 and projects from the axis. The support shaft 44 is rotatably supported by a support plate 46 via a bearing 45.
6 is rotatably supported via a bearing 47 by a driving rotating shaft 52 passing through the center and by an internal partition wall 16 on the outer periphery. An eccentric shaft 42 is provided on the front side of the planetary gear 40 near the cone rotor 30 and projects eccentrically at a position slightly away from the axis.

A bearing plate 34 is attached inside the cylindrical portion 32 of the cone rotor 30. As shown in FIG. 4, the bearing plate 34 has a disk shape. An eccentric shaft 42 of a planetary gear 40 is rotatably connected to the bearing plate 34 via a bearing 36 . Each eccentric shaft 42 has a bearing plate 3
4 at a position equidistant from the center in the radial direction. The center C2 of the eccentric shaft 42 of the planetary gear 40 is
Since it is eccentric by a distance e with respect to the axis C4 of the planetary gear 40, the bearing plate 34 is installed eccentrically by the eccentricity e with respect to the sun gear 60, which is the center of the plurality of planetary gears 40. Become. In other words, the bearing plate 34, the cone rotor 30, and the center C3 of the excavating arm 20 are eccentric by e with respect to the center C1 of the driving rotation shaft 52 and the apparatus main body 10.

An internal gear 70 that protrudes from the internal partition wall 16 of the device main body 10 meshes with the outer periphery of the planetary gear 40 . The internal gear 70, the planetary gears 40, and the sun gear 60 constitute a planetary gear mechanism. In addition to the above-mentioned structure, the excavation rig also includes a mechanism that connects the propulsion shaft and buried pipe to the rear, a deflection mechanism that adjusts the excavation direction of the excavation rig, a surveying mechanism that measures the excavation direction, and various other mechanisms (not shown). It is equipped with various mechanisms similar to those of ordinary drilling equipment, as necessary, such as a power supply and hydraulic pressure supply mechanism for operation.

[0029] The operation of the excavation rig having the above structure will be explained. The rotation of the motor 50 is caused by a driving rotation shaft 52.
is transmitted to the rotation of the sun gear 60. The rotation of the sun gear 60 is transmitted from the eccentric shaft 42 of the planetary gear 40 to the cone rotor 30 via the bearing plate 34 through the action of a planetary gear mechanism consisting of the planetary gear 40 and the internal gear 70. According to the principle of the planetary gear mechanism, the rotational speed of the planetary gears 40 is 1/2 of the rotational speed of the driving rotating shaft 52 and rotates in the opposite direction to the driving rotating shaft 52, and the revolving speed of the plurality of planetary gears 40 as a whole is as follows. It rotates in the same direction as the driving rotation shaft 52 at 1/4 of the rotation speed of the driving rotation shaft 52 . Then, the revolution of the planetary gear 40 is caused by the rotation of the bearing plate 34.
The rotation of the planetary gear 40 is converted into the rotation of the bearing plate 34 around the driving rotation axis 52, that is, the revolution, so the rotation of the bearing plate 34 and the cone rotor 30 is about the driving rotation axis. It revolves in the same direction as the driving rotation shaft 52 at a rotation speed of 1/2 of 52, and rotates in the opposite direction to the driving rotation shaft 52 at a rotation speed of 1/4 of the driving rotation shaft 52. This combination of rotation and revolution is called eccentric rotation.

When the cone rotor 30 and the excavation arm 20 perform eccentric rotation as described above, the ground E is first excavated by the excavation blade 22 of the excavation arm 20. The earth and sand taken into the device main body 10 through the gap between the excavating arms 20 gradually moves backward through the tapered narrow space between the outer peripheral surface of the cone rotor 30 and the inner peripheral wall 12 of the device main body 10. Consolidated. In addition, since the cone rotor 30 rotates eccentrically, the outer circumferential surface of the cone rotor 30 and the inner circumferential wall 12 of the device main body
The width of the space between them changes periodically. When this space expands, the earth and sand are taken in smoothly, and when the space narrows, the earth and sand taken in are consolidated, so that the consolidation of the earth and sand is performed efficiently and the resistance of the earth and sand is small.

When the earth and sand move to the cylindrical portion 32 of the cone rotor 30, the eccentric rotation of the cone rotor 30 causes
The earth and sand are pushed toward the outer periphery and are discharged from the apparatus main body 10 through the earth discharge port 14. The earth and sand are pushed into the ground E and consolidated, and a part of the ground E around the device main body 10 is also consolidated at the same time, so that the earth and sand can be completely backfilled onto the ground E side. As a result, this excavation equipment does not discharge earth to the shaft or the ground surface, so-called soil-less excavation can be performed, and there is no need for a conveyor mechanism for earth removal.

Next, FIG. 6 shows an excavating apparatus partially different in structure from the above-described embodiment. In the embodiment described above, the excavation arm 20 and the cone rotor 30 serving as the consolidation body, that is, the entire excavation mechanism, were rotated eccentrically, but in this embodiment,
Only the rear end portion 38, which is a part of the cone rotor 30, is eccentrically rotated. Therefore, the cone rotor 30
and the front part 37 integrated with the soil discharge port 1 of the device main body 10.
It is divided and formed at the rear end portion 38 of the portion opposite to the portion 4. A bearing plate 34 is attached to the inside of this rear end portion 38, and an eccentric shaft 42 of a planetary gear 40 is rotatably connected thereto. Further, the driving rotation shaft 52 is extended forward, and the bearing plate 34 is
It passes through a through hole 39 provided in the center of the cone rotor 30 and is fixedly attached to the front part 37 of the cone rotor 30 by means such as fitting. As a result, the front portion 37 of the cone rotor 30 and the excavating arm 20 rotate in a fixed position integrally with the driving rotation shaft 52 without eccentrically rotating.

In this way, the front part 3 of the cone rotor 30
7 and the excavation arm 20 rotate to a fixed position, the diameter of excavation of the ground E by the excavation arm 20 can be set accurately. Further, since the excavating arm 20 rotates at high speed at the same rotation speed as the driving rotation shaft 52, there is also the advantage that excavation efficiency is improved. Next, in the above embodiment, the screw plate 31 wound spirally is attached to the outer periphery of the front portion 37 of the cone rotor 30. This screw plate 31 can efficiently transport and consolidate the earth and sand to the rear. Furthermore, the rear end portion 38 is not flat and cylindrical, but has a taper that widens toward the rear.

Furthermore, the apparatus main body 10 has a step in its outer diameter between a front part 18 near the excavating arm 20 and a rear part 19 including the soil discharge port 14. That is, the outer diameter of the rear part 19 is set to match the diameter of the buried pipe to be buried or the inner diameter of the tunnel to be excavated, but the outer diameter of the front part 18 is set to match the outer diameter of the rear part 19. It is also set slightly larger. By doing this, after drilling a large bore hole in the front part 18, this large bore hole and the rear part 19
Since earth and sand will be backfilled from the earth discharge port 14 into the space that will be the gap between the outer circumferential surface of the
Since there is less resistance from the ground, backfilling with earth and sand can be done smoothly. Moreover, once a wide area of ground E has been excavated,
Since the large space on the outer periphery is compacted and backfilled with earth and sand,
The thickness of the ground E, which is involved in the consolidation of earth and sand, increases, and even with the same consolidation density, it becomes possible to consolidate a large amount of earth and sand, and as a result, the diameter of the borehole that can be excavated without soil removal can be increased. .

[0035]

Effects of the Invention According to the tunnel excavation apparatus according to the present invention as described above, there is provided an eccentric rotation mechanism that eccentrically rotates at least a part of the eccentric rotation parts of the excavation mechanism such as the excavation arm, the excavation face plate, and the cone rotor. As such, a type of planetary gear mechanism consisting of a sun gear, a plurality of planetary gears, and an internal gear is adopted, and an eccentric shaft eccentric from the axis of the planetary gear is rotatably connected to the eccentric rotating part. Therefore, the movement of the eccentric rotating part, especially the revolution speed, can be freely set.

In other words, the rotational speed of the eccentric rotating part is lowered than the rotational speed of the motor to increase the rotational torque, and the consolidation force of the cone rotor is increased to improve the soil consolidation effect and improve the tunnel excavation work performance. Since it is possible to freely set the rotation speed of the eccentric rotating part, especially the revolution speed, such as increasing the rotation speed, the eccentric rotating part can be made to perform appropriate movements corresponding to various construction conditions such as the soil quality of the ground. Unlike conventional devices, there is no need to attach a speed reduction device to the rotating shaft of the motor separately from the eccentric rotation mechanism, so the structure of the entire device can be simplified and made lighter and smaller. As a result, it becomes possible to exhibit excellent performance, especially as a small diameter tunnel excavation device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention in a construction state.

FIG. 2 is a front view seen from the digging blade side.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a portion of the planetary gear mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram showing only the vicinity of the bearing plate.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment in a construction state.

[Explanation of symbols]

10　Drilling equipment body 14 Soil discharge port 20 Drilling arm 22 Drilling blade 30 Corn rotor (consolidated body) 34 Bearing plate 40 Planetary gear 42 Eccentric shaft 50 Motor 52 Driving rotation axis 60 Sun gear 70 Internal gear

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: An excavation mechanism having an excavation blade and a compaction body for consolidating earth and sand excavated by the excavation blade is provided at the tip of the excavation device body, and at least a part of the excavation mechanism is connected to the shaft of the excavation mechanism. In tunnel excavation equipment that performs eccentric rotation that combines rotation around the center and revolution around the axis and another center, the rotation transmission mechanism from the driving rotation shaft that drives the excavation mechanism to the excavation mechanism is the drive rotation shaft A sun gear fixed to the sun gear, a plurality of planet gears arranged at equal intervals around the outer periphery of the sun gear and meshing with the sun gear, and meshing with the outer periphery of each planet gear,
A tunnel excavation device comprising an internal gear fixed to the device main body, and an eccentric shaft provided eccentrically from the axis of a plurality of planetary gears rotatably connected to an excavation mechanism. .