JP3993615B2 - Excavator - Google Patents
Excavator Download PDFInfo
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- JP3993615B2 JP3993615B2 JP2005177499A JP2005177499A JP3993615B2 JP 3993615 B2 JP3993615 B2 JP 3993615B2 JP 2005177499 A JP2005177499 A JP 2005177499A JP 2005177499 A JP2005177499 A JP 2005177499A JP 3993615 B2 JP3993615 B2 JP 3993615B2
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- excavation
- central
- excavation part
- excavator
- outer peripheral
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 135
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Description
本発明は、地中に断面円形のトンネルや管路を構築する推進機に関する。 The present invention relates to a propulsion device for constructing a tunnel or pipe having a circular cross section in the ground.
従来の掘進機の掘削部は同心円では回転するものの、回転半径の違いで中央部と外周部に周速度の違いが発生し、最外周の掘削ビットの回転周速度と中央の掘削ビットの回転周速度が無限大に変化するために、中央部に位置する地盤の掘削は圧入状態となり、掘削抵抗が増大していた。また、掘削・混合・撹拌が外周部と中央部で大きく変化して排土性状に違いを生じさせ、掘削土砂の排土に閉塞等の問題があった。その結果、掘削効率や進捗の低下が甚だしかった。
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、従来のこれらの問題点を解消し、切羽中央部の掘削抵抗を低減することで掘削速度の上昇を可能とする掘進機を提供することにある。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an excavator that can increase the excavation speed by eliminating these conventional problems and reducing the excavation resistance at the center of the face.
かかる課題を解決した本発明の構成は、
1) 前面に有する掘削部を回転させて地盤を掘削し、掘削土砂を前面の排土口から取り込んで排土管で後方へ排出する掘進機において、前記掘削部を、掘削機の前面の中心を回転中心として掘削部の中央部の掘削を担う中央掘削部と、同中央掘削部の外側を回転して掘削部の外周部の掘削を担う環状の外周掘削部とで構成し、中央掘削部及び外周掘削部の回転速度を異らせて駆動できる駆動手段を設け、しかも外周掘削部のカッター後方に掘削土砂を排土口へ送り込むガイドであって、ガイドの掘削機中心側の面が排土口方向に向かって掘削機中心側より離れるように傾斜する形状のガイドを設けたことを特徴とする、掘進機
2) 中央掘削部の回転速度を外周掘削部より高速にした、前記1)記載の掘進機
3) 駆動手段が、一つのモータで中央掘削部及び外周掘削部を駆動できるように構成したものである、前記1)又は2)記載の掘進機
4) 駆動手段が、中央掘削部と外周掘削部をそれぞれ正逆回転させるものである、前記1)〜3)いずれか記載の掘進機
5) 中央掘削部を外周掘削部より前方へ突出させて設け、中央掘削部で地盤を先行掘削した後外周掘削部で後行掘削できるようにした、前記1)〜4)いずれか記載の掘進機
6) 外周掘削部を中央掘削部より前方へ突出させて設け、外周掘削部で地盤を先行掘削した後中央掘削部で後行掘削できるようにした、前記1)〜4)いずれか記載の掘進機
にある。
The configuration of the present invention that solves this problem is as follows.
1) In an excavator that rotates the excavation part on the front surface to excavate the ground and takes the excavated earth and sand from the front discharge port and discharges it rearward with a discharge pipe, the excavation part is placed at the center of the front of the excavator. A central excavation part responsible for excavation of the central part of the excavation part as a rotation center and an annular outer peripheral excavation part responsible for excavation of the outer peripheral part of the excavation part by rotating outside the central excavation part, Drive means that can be driven at different rotation speeds of the outer periphery excavation section , and is a guide that feeds excavation soil to the discharge port behind the cutter of the outer periphery excavation section. 1) Description of the above 1), wherein the excavator 2) is provided with a guide that is inclined so as to be separated from the center side of the excavator toward the mouth, and the rotational speed of the central excavation part is higher than that of the outer excavation part. 3) The driving means is a single motor. The excavator 4) according to the above 1) or 2), which is configured to be able to drive the central excavation part and the outer excavation part. The drive means rotates the central excavation part and the outer excavation part forward and backward, respectively. The excavator 5) according to any one of the above 1) to 3) is provided so that the central excavation part protrudes forward from the outer peripheral excavation part, and the ground excavation in the central excavation part precedes the excavation in the outer peripheral excavation part. The excavator 6) described in any of the above 1) to 4) is provided so that the outer excavation part protrudes forward from the central excavation part, and the ground excavation is advanced in the outer excavation part and then the subsequent excavation can be performed in the central excavation part. It exists in the excavation machine in any one of said 1) -4).
本発明によれば、外周掘削部と中央掘削部の回転速度を異ならせて駆動させることで、外周部と中央部の掘削速度を同一に調整することが可能となり、中央部の掘削抵抗を低減させて掘削速度が上昇し、全体の掘削工程が短縮できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to adjust the excavation speed of the outer peripheral portion and the central portion to be the same by driving the outer peripheral excavation portion and the central excavation portion at different rotational speeds, thereby reducing the excavation resistance of the central portion. This increases the excavation speed and shortens the entire excavation process.
本発明では、中央掘削部の回転速度は外周掘削部のおよそ1.5倍が一般的である。中央掘削部と外周掘削部の回転方向は同方向又は正逆方向が可能で、土質に応じて選ばれる。中央掘削部は外周掘削部より前方へ突出させると、小径に先行掘削して地盤の初期応力を解放した後本掘削を低負荷で行え、岩盤などの硬質地盤の掘削に適している。以下、本発明の各実施例を図面に基づいて具体的に説明する。 In the present invention, the rotation speed of the central excavation part is generally about 1.5 times that of the outer excavation part. The rotation direction of the central excavation part and the outer peripheral excavation part can be the same direction or forward and reverse directions, and is selected according to the soil quality. If the central excavation part protrudes forward from the outer peripheral excavation part, the main excavation can be performed with a low load after the initial excavation of the ground by releasing a small diameter, which is suitable for excavation of hard ground such as rock. Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
図1,2に示す実施例1は、中央掘削部を外周掘削部より前方へ突出させ、中央掘削部で地盤を高速回転で先行掘削し、その後外周掘削部で低速回転により掘削するようにした掘進機の例である。図1は実施例1の掘進機の説明図、図2は実施例1の掘進機の正面図である。 In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the central excavation part protrudes forward from the outer excavation part, the ground is excavated by the central excavation part at a high speed rotation, and then the outer excavation part is excavated by the low speed rotation. It is an example of a digging machine. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the excavator of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the excavator of the first embodiment.
図中、1は掘進機、2はスキンプレート、2aは隔壁、3は中央掘削部、3aはアーム、3bはカッター、3cは泥水吐出口、3dはギヤ、4は外周掘削部、4aはリング、4bはカッター、4cはガイド、4dはギヤ、5はモータ、5aは駆動ギヤ、6は排土口、7は排土管である。
In the figure, 1 is an excavator, 2 is a skin plate, 2a is a partition wall, 3 is a central excavation part, 3a is an arm, 3b is a cutter, 3c is a mud discharge port, 3d is a gear, 4 is an outer excavation part, 4a is a
実施例1の掘進機1は、図1,2に示すように円筒形のスキンプレート2の前部に隔壁2aを設け、十字状のアーム3aに複数のカッター3bと泥水吐出口3cを設けた中央掘削部3をスキンプレート2の中心を回転中心として隔壁2aの前方に回転自在に設け、中央掘削部3の掘削径より拡径のリング4aに複数のカッター4bを設けた外周掘削部4を中央掘削部3の外側且つ後方位置に回転自在に設けている。
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the
スキンプレート2内にはモータ5を設け、中央掘削部3のアーム3aの軸部に形成したギヤ3d及び外周掘削部4のリング4aの内面に形成したギヤ4dをモータ5の駆動ギヤ5aと歯合させている。また、中央掘削部3が外周掘削部4より高速に回転するようにギヤ比が設定されている。隔壁2aには掘削土砂を取り込む排土口6を設け、取り込んだ掘削土砂を後方へ排出する排土管7を設けている。
A
実施例1では、モータ5を作動させると駆動力が駆動ギヤ5a,ギヤ3d,4dを通じて伝わり、中央掘削部3と外周掘削部4が正逆回転する。前記のギヤ比により中央掘削部3は外周掘削部4より高速に回転する。外部から供給した泥水を泥水吐出口3cから吐出して地盤を掘削する。先に突出した中央掘削部3で先行掘削し、その後外周掘削部4で後行掘削する。掘削土砂は外周掘削部4のガイド4cで効率的に排土口6へ取り込まれ、排土管7で後方へ排出される。
In the first embodiment, when the
このように、従来では外周部に対して中央部は掘削抵抗が増加して高負荷となっていたが、実施例1では中央掘削部3を外周掘削部4より前方へ突出させ且つ高速に回転させるから、掘削,混合,撹拌が外周部と中央部とでほぼ同一となり、掘削速度が同一に調整されて掘進速度が上昇し、全体の掘削工程が短縮化できた。
As described above, conventionally, the central portion has increased the excavation resistance with respect to the outer peripheral portion, resulting in a high load. However, in the first embodiment, the
図3に示す実施例2は、外周掘削部を中央掘削部より前方へ突出させ、外周掘削部で地盤を先行して低速回転で掘削し、その後中央掘削部で高速回転により掘削するようにした掘進機の例である。図3は実施例2の掘進機の説明図である。 In Example 2 shown in FIG. 3, the outer excavation part protrudes forward from the central excavation part, the ground is excavated at low speed rotation in advance at the outer excavation part, and then excavation is performed at high speed rotation at the central excavation part. It is an example of a digging machine. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the excavator of the second embodiment.
実施例2の掘進機1は、図3に示すように外周掘削部4を中央掘削部3より前方へ突出させている。モータ5を作動させると中央掘削部3と外周掘削部4が正逆回転する。中央掘削部3は実施例1と同じように外周掘削部4より高速に回転し、突出した外周掘削部4で地盤を先行掘削し、その後中央掘削部3で高速回転により後行掘削する。その他、符号、構成は実施例1と同じである。
As shown in FIG. 3, the
本発明の掘進機は、硬質地盤や大口径と称する掘進機構造に有用である。 The excavator of the present invention is useful for an excavator structure called a hard ground or a large diameter.
1 掘進機
2 スキンプレート
2a 隔壁
3 中央掘削部
3a アーム
3b カッター
3c 泥水吐出口
3d ギヤ
4 外周掘削部
4a リング
4b カッター
4c ガイド
4d ギヤ
5 モータ
5a 駆動ギヤ
6 排土口
7 排土管
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CN105484756A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-04-13 | 江苏宇隧通隧道装备有限公司 | Anti-torsion and even-abrasion heading machine |
KR102073568B1 (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-02-05 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Axial-type cutting head having reduced drilling deviation and torque reaction force |
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