JP2002030887A - Excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new cutter head capable of efficiently excavating and restricting the abrasion of a cutter pit by taking relatively large gravel hard to be taken in by a conventional cutter head while maintaining the mechanical strength, and to provide an excavator provided with this cutter head. SOLUTION: This excavator is provided with a first cutter spoke part 21 formed with plural cutter bits and a second cutter spoke part 22 formed in a front surface of a cylindrical part 20 and formed longitudinal in a direction crossing the axial direction of the cylindrical part 20 and formed with plural cutter bits. The first cutter spoke part 21 and the second cutter spoke part 22 are unified with each other in an X-shape in the front surface of the cylindrical part 20, and the front surface of the cylindrical part 20 is formed with two large openings 23 and 24 and two small openings 25 and 26.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutter head disposed at the tip of a propulsion device used for, for example, constructing a horizontal shaft such as a tunnel underground or constructing a sewer pipe. The present invention relates to a propulsion device provided with the cutter head.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, semi-shielding machines, such as earth-pressure semi-shielding machines, muddy pressurized semi-shielding machines, and mud-concentrating semi-shielding machines, and semi-shielding methods using these machines, have been applied to the applicable soil. It is widely used in constructing tunnels and other horizontal shafts or constructing sewer pipes underground because of its wide range of operability. And among the above methods, for example, the earth pressure type semi-shield method will be described.This method is based on an excavator driven by power as a leading conductor and a propulsion machine or an excavator body equipped with a direction correcting jack or the like. This is a method of propelling with a jack arranged at the rear of the propulsion pipe in the start shaft while preventing the collapse of the ground while using the propulsion pipe as a propulsion transmission medium.Semi-shielded machines that perform such earth pressure type semi-cider method are, for example, JP-A-57-15797, JP-A-57-74498 or JP-B-61-258.
No. 79 proposes this. The earth pressure type semi-shielding machine described in these publications has a cutter head which is rotated by a drive motor, has a plurality of bits fixed in the front, and has an opening formed therein for introducing earth and sand and the like. It is provided with a sludge discharging device such as a screw conveyor formed on the back side of the cutter head and discharging the soil and mud generated by excavation of the ground due to the rotational driving of the cutter head, the earth and sand, etc.
It is discharged to the outside by this sludge discharging device.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 3, a cutter head 50 constituting a propulsion device such as the above-mentioned earth pressure type semi-shielding machine has a cylindrical portion 51 formed into a cylindrical shape, and a cylindrical portion 51 having a cylindrical shape. The first cutter spoke portion 52 and the second cutter spoke portion 53 are provided at the tip of the first cutter spoke portion 52. The first cutter spoke portion 52 and the second cutter spoke portion 53 each have a large number of cutter bits 54 and roller bits 55 formed on the front side, and the first cutter spoke portion 52 and the second The cutter spoke portion 53 is formed in a direction orthogonal to the front surface of the tubular portion 51. That is,
The first cutter spoke portion 52 and the second cutter spoke portion 53 are integrated with each other in a cross-shaped state. Accordingly, four fan-shaped openings 50a, 50b, 50c, and 50d having the same size are respectively formed on the front surface of the cutter head 50, and the cutter motor is provided by a drive motor disposed inside the propulsion device. When the head 50 rotates, the mud and gravel are removed from the opening 50.
a, 50b, 50c, and 50d, are taken into the propulsion device, and are discharged to the outside (ground) through the above-described mud pipe.

[0004]

However, large gravels may be mixed depending on the ground where a horizontal shaft such as a tunnel is constructed or a sewer is constructed. In this case, even when large gravel is crushed or crushed by the cutter bit formed on the front surface, the crushed gravel is removed by the openings 50a and 50a.
If it is larger than b, 50c, 50d, it may not be able to be taken into the propulsion device, and may not stay efficiently in front of the cutter head 50 that is rotationally driven. Also, the cutter bits and the like formed on the second cutter spoke portions 52 and 53 are easily worn. In order to solve such a problem, the widths of the first cutter spoke portion 52 and the second cutter spoke portion 53 are reduced, and the openings 50a, 50b, 50 are formed.
Although a method of increasing c and 50d is conceivable, it is not possible to maintain sufficient mechanical strength with this method.

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional cutter head, the present invention removes relatively large gravels and the like that could not be taken in by the conventional cutter head while maintaining mechanical strength. It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel cutter head which can be taken into the inside and efficiently propelled and can suppress wear of a cutter bit, and a propulsion device provided with the cutter head.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a first invention (invention of claim 1) relates to a cutter head. A cutter head disposed at the tip of the propulsion device and rotationally driven by a drive motor provided inside the propulsion device, a cylindrical portion having an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the propulsion device, A first cutter spoke formed on a front surface of the cylindrical portion and having a length in a direction orthogonal to an axial direction of the cylindrical portion and having a plurality of cutter bits formed thereon; A second cutter spoke portion formed and having a length in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylindrical portion and having a plurality of cutter bits formed therein, wherein the first cutter spoke portion and the second cutter spoke portion are formed. The cutter spoke is an X-shaped part in front of the cylindrical part. It is integrated in, on the front of the cylindrical portion, and is characterized in that the two large openings and two small openings is formed.

Further, the second invention (the invention according to claim 2)
The present invention relates to a propulsion device, wherein the cutter head according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided at a tip thereof so as to be rotationally driven by a driving force of a driving motor provided therein. Is what you do.

The third invention (the invention according to claim 3)
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, the cutter head constituting the first aspect is detachably provided.

According to the invention described above, large gravel mixed into the ground is crushed by the cutter bit formed in front of the cutter head, and the crushed gravel by the cutter bit has a size that could not be taken in the past. However, it becomes possible to take in the inside from two large openings. Therefore, it is possible to effectively eliminate the inconvenience that the gravel that cannot be collected accumulates in front of the cutter head and cannot be efficiently propelled.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to a small-diameter (outer diameter of 30 cm to 70 cm) propulsion device.

As shown in FIG. 1, a propulsion device 1 according to this embodiment comprises a propulsion device main body 2 and a cutter head 3 detachably provided on the front of the propulsion device main body. . The propulsion unit body 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a drive motor 4 for rotating and driving the cutter head 3 is disposed inside. A gear 5 is fixed to a drive shaft 4 a of the drive motor 4. ing. The propulsion unit 2
A ring-shaped internal gear 6 is disposed on the inner periphery on the front side of the gear. The internal gear 6 meshes with the gear 5 described above. An outer cone 8 is fixed to the front face of the internal gear 6 via a ring-shaped connecting member 7. That is, an outer cone 8 that is rotationally driven by the driving force of the driving motor 4 is provided on the front side inside the propulsion device main body 2. The outer cone 8 has an outer peripheral surface formed in a ring shape and an inner peripheral surface gradually reduced in diameter from the front side to the back side.
A plurality of projecting pieces 9 are fixed to the inner peripheral surface of which the diameter is reduced.

An earth pressure control valve 10 is fixed above the drive motor 4, and a mud flowing into the propulsion unit body 2 is rearwardly provided on the front side of the earth pressure control valve 10. A sludge pipe 11 to be conveyed is provided, and a partition wall 12 is provided at the tip of the sludge pipe 11. The partition wall 12 is formed in a disk shape, and a cylindrical ring portion 13 whose diameter is smaller than that of the connecting member 7 is welded to the outer peripheral surface. The outer peripheral surface of the ring portion 13 is connected to the rotationally driven connection. A bearing 14 is provided between the member 7. The partition 12
Is formed with a mud outlet (not shown), and the mud flowing into the propulsion unit 2 flows into the mud pipe 11 through the mud outlet.

An inner cone 15 is fixed to the center of the partition wall 12. This inner cone 15
Has approximately the same depth (length) as the depth of the outer cone 8, and the outer peripheral surface is gradually increased in diameter from the distal end side to the proximal end side. That is, a crushing portion including the outer cone 8 and the inner cone 15 is provided at the tip end side of the propulsion device main body 2, and the crushed particles flowing into the inside through an opening formed in the cutter head 3 described later. And the like are finely crushed by the inner peripheral surface of the outer cone 8 and the outer peripheral surface of the fixed inner cone 15 which are rotationally driven by the driving force of the drive motor 4,
It flows into the exhaust pipe 11 through the exhaust port. In addition,
The other end of the inner cone 15 is formed with another bearing portion 15a that comes into contact with one bearing portion provided on the cutter head 3 described later.

The cutter head 3 is detachably fixed to the tip of the propulsion unit main body 2 constructed as described above. As shown in FIG. 2, the cutter head 2 is provided on a cylindrical portion 20 formed to have an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the propulsion device main body 2, and provided on the front surface of the cylindrical portion 20. A first cutter spoke portion 21 and a second cutter spoke portion 22 provided on the front surface of the tubular portion 20 are provided. The first and second cutter spoke portions 2
Both ends 1 and 22 have both ends welded to the tip of the tubular portion 20 to partially close an opening formed at the tip of the tubular portion 20. Then, the first cutter spoke portion 21 and the second cutter spoke portion 22 are integrated in an X-shape (not crossing) in a front view. Accordingly, two large fan-shaped openings 23 and 24 and two small fan-shaped openings 25 and 26 are provided in front of the cutter head 3.

The first cutter spoke portion 21
At both ends of the gauge cutter bits 27, 28 respectively
Are rotatably disposed, and center cutters 29, 30, 31, 32 are rotatably disposed between the gauge cutters 27, 28. The second cutter spoke portion 22 is provided with inner cutters 33 and 34 so as to be rollable. Further, outer peripheral scraper teeth 35 and 36 are formed on the one end side surface and the other end side surface of the first cutter spoke portion 21, and the scraper teeth 37 and 36 are formed inside these outer peripheral scraper teeth 35 and 36. 38 are formed, and at both ends of the second cutter spoke portion 22, gravels crushing bits 39 and 40 and outer peripheral scraper teeth 41 and 42 are formed. Inside these outer peripheral scraper teeth 41 and 42, Scraper teeth 43 and 44 are formed. Further, the cylindrical portion 2
At the front end surface of the “0”, where the large openings 23 and 24 are formed, take-in bits 45 and 46 are formed. In this embodiment, the second cutter spoke portion 20 is provided with a humidification material inlet 47 for injecting a humidification material into the ground to be excavated. It is connected to a mud material injection pipe (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 1, on the rear side of the portion (center) where the first cutter spoke portion 21 and the second cutter spoke portion 22 constituting the cutter head 3 are integrated. One bearing 48 into which the other bearing portion 15a formed at the tip of the inner cone 15 is inserted is provided. The rear end of the cylindrical portion 20 constituting the cutter head 3 is detachably fixed to the front end of the outer cone 8 via a spacer 49 with bolts and nuts (not shown).

Therefore, according to the propulsion device 1 according to the above-described embodiment, when the drive motor 4 shown in FIG. 1 is rotationally driven, the internal gear 6 meshing with the gear 5, the outer cone 8
And the cutter head 3 is driven to rotate. The rotation of the cutter head 3 causes the gauge cutter bits 27, 2 formed or arranged in the first cutter spoke portion 21 or the second cutter spoke portion 22 to be rotated.
8, center cutters 29, 30, 31, 32, inner cutters 33, 34, outer scraper teeth 35, 3
6, Scraper tooth 37, 38, rubble crush bit 39,
40, the ground is excavated, and when large gravel is mixed in the ground, the gauge cutter bits 27, 28, the center cutters 29, 30, 31, 32,
Inner cutter 33, 34 or gravel crushing bit 39,
Crushed by 40. At this time, the crushed gravels
Are taken in from the two large openings 23 and 24 even if they are not taken into the propulsion unit main body 2 from the two small openings 25 and 26 shown in FIG. In other words, gravel that could not be taken inside through the opening formed in the conventional propulsion device can be taken in by the propulsion device 1 according to this embodiment.

The gravel taken into the inside of the propulsion device main body 2 as described above is subjected to the above-mentioned outer cone 8 by the earth pressure.
Large gravels reach between the inner cone 15 and the inner cone 15, and are crushed further finely by the rotation driving force of the outer cone 8 and the earth pressure. 12 flows into the exhaust pipe 11 from an exhaust port (not shown) formed in the
Released to the ground.

Therefore, according to the cutter head 3 according to the above-described embodiment and the propulsion device 1 in which the cutter head 3 is disposed, large gravel that could not be taken up conventionally can be removed from the two large openings 23 and 24. It becomes possible to take in. For this reason, large gravel is
The situation in which the cutter head 3 is rotated by the rotation of the cutter head 3 on the front side and cannot be efficiently propelled can be effectively eliminated. Further, according to the above-described cutter head 3 and the propulsion device 1 in which the cutter head 3 is disposed, it is possible to sufficiently suppress wear of the cutter bit, the roller cutter (the reference numeral is omitted), and the like.

[0020]

As is clear from the above description of one embodiment of the present invention, according to the present invention (the first and second aspects of the present invention), the front face of the cutter head is X-shaped.
Due to the letter shape, an opening larger than the opening provided in the conventional cutter head can be formed, and relatively large gravel that could not be taken in conventionally can be taken into the inside by this opening. Therefore, according to this gear, it is not possible to take in the gravels crushed by the cutter bit or the like inside, stay at the front side of the cutter head, and effectively eliminate the danger that the propeller cannot be efficiently propelled. Wear of the cutter bit can be sufficiently suppressed.

Further, the third invention (the invention according to claim 3)
According to this, since the cutter head is detachable from the propulsion device main body, it is possible to replace and use only the cutter head.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a main part of a propulsion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a cutter head.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a conventional cutter head.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Propulsion machine 2 Propulsion machine main body 3 Cutter head 4 Drive motor 20 Cylindrical part 21 First cutter spoke part 22 Second cutter spoke part

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A cutter head disposed at a tip of a propulsion device and rotationally driven by a drive motor provided inside the propulsion device, the cutter head having substantially the same outer diameter as the outer diameter of the propulsion device. A first cutter spoke formed on a front surface of the cylindrical portion, having a length in a direction orthogonal to an axial direction of the cylindrical portion, and formed with a plurality of cutter bits; A second cutter spoke formed on a front surface of the cylindrical portion and having a length in a direction orthogonal to an axial direction of the cylindrical portion and having a plurality of cutter bits formed therein, wherein the first cutter spoke is provided. The part and the second cutter spoke part are integrated in an X-shape at the front of the cylindrical part, and two large openings and two small openings are formed at the front of the cylindrical part. A cutter head characterized in that: 2. The cutter head according to claim 1,
A propulsion device, which is provided at a tip thereof so as to be rotationally driven by a driving force of a driving motor provided therein. 3. The cutter head according to claim 1,
3. The propulsion device according to claim 2, wherein the propulsion device is detachably provided.