JP2928434B2 - Excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavator for excavating a ground, and more particularly to an excavator for preventing the collapse of the ground when excavating a ground having a large amount of cobblestone and gravel and a small amount of fine grains, and using an outer peripheral bit. The present invention relates to an excavator that can crush cobblestones.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When laying a sewer pipe or a water pipe, an excavator is disposed at the head, and a pipe such as a fume pipe or an iron pipe is continuously provided at the rear end of the excavator and propelled by a main pushing device. The semi-shield method is often adopted. In this method, an excavator is placed on a main pushing device that is installed in line with the design line of the pipeline, and the cutter head of the excavator is driven to excavate the ground and discharge the excavated earth and sand to the outside. While the propulsion is being performed by the main pushing device, the excavator is further propelled by sequentially following a plurality of pipes.

The excavator used in the above construction method has a plurality of spokes each having a bit attached to a conical rotating body which can be eccentrically rotated with respect to the axis of the excavator, in front of the excavator in the traveling direction. The inner wall of the main body corresponding to the location where the cutter is disposed is formed in a conical shape whose diameter increases toward the front.

When excavating the ground with the above excavator,
The face is excavated by a cutter, the excavated earth and sand are taken in between the rotating body and the inner wall, and the excavated earth and sand is compacted between the rotating body and the inner wall. The collapse of the face is prevented by setting it higher than the water pressure. Excavated earth and sand and gravels crushed between the rotating body and the inner wall are discharged to the ground by fluid transport. Then, the excavator moves forward according to the thrust given by the main pushing device in the excavation process.

[0005]

When the above-mentioned excavator is used, when the cobble stones, gravel, earth and sand are taken in between the rotating body and the inner wall in the ground where the content of the boulders and gravel is large and the fine grain content is low. During the crushing of the boulders and gravel, the fine particles are discharged and filled with the boulders and gravel, causing a problem that the cutter torque becomes excessive and it becomes impossible to drive the cutter.

Further, in the case of a ground containing a large number of boulders having a maximum diameter that can be taken into an excavator or a boulder having a diameter larger than that, if the outer peripheral bit is damaged, the boulders exert a large load on the spokes of the cutter. There is a problem that the cutter torque becomes excessive and it becomes difficult to drive the cutter.

An object of the present invention is to provide an excavator capable of preventing collapse of a face and taking an appropriate amount of soil.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an excavator according to the present invention has a plurality of spokes in which a shield body is divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber by a partition wall, and a bit is attached to the front chamber. And a conical rotator that can be eccentrically rotated with respect to the axis of the shield body, and the inner wall of the front chamber is formed in a conical shape whose diameter increases toward the front, and the gravel taken into the front chamber is used as the rotator. In an excavator configured to be crushed and discharged to the outside in cooperation with an inner wall, a face plate provided with an outer peripheral bit is provided by selecting between the plurality of spokes.

[0009]

According to the above-described excavator, even if the ground has a large content of cobblestones and gravel and a small amount of fine grains, it prevents the collapse of the face and takes in an appropriate amount of earth and sand to maintain a good excavation state. I can do it. Further, even in the case of a ground including a boulder having a diameter equivalent to the diameter that can be taken into an excavator, a favorable excavation state can be maintained without imposing a severe burden on spokes of the cutter.

That is, since the face plate to which the outer peripheral bit is selectively fixed is provided between the plurality of spokes, the face plate prevents the face from collapsing. Also, by providing the face plate, the opening area between the spokes provided on the cutter is reduced, and an appropriate amount of excavated soil can be obtained without taking in a large amount of excavated earth and sand between the rotating body and the inner wall at one time. Therefore, an excessive torque does not act on the cutter, and a good excavation state can be maintained.

When a boulder exists near the outer periphery of the excavator,
The cobble stone is broken by the outer peripheral bit fixed to the face plate in contact with the face plate. In addition, since a plurality of outer peripheral bits are mounted on the face plate, even if any of the outer peripheral bits is damaged, the crushing function for the cobblestone is not impaired. Therefore, a good excavation state can be maintained without excessive force acting on the spokes.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the excavator will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of the excavator, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the excavator.

In the figure, an excavator A includes a shield body (main body) 1 provided at a tip in a traveling direction, a first tail shield (first tail) 2 substantially integrated with the main body 1,
A second tail shield (second tail shield) fitted to the tail 2 and connected to the tail 2 via a plurality of direction correcting jacks 3
(Tail) 4.

The main body 1 and the first tail 2 are connected by bolts 5 and integrated. Further, a partition 2a is provided on the first tail 2, and the front chamber 6 is formed by the partition 2a.
a and a rear chamber 6b. A cutter 7 is arranged in the front chamber 6a, a motor 8 for driving the cutter 7 in the rear chamber 6b, a pipe 9a for supplying mud with controlled specific gravity and pressure, and discharging excavated earth and sand together with the mud. Equipment for controlling the propulsion of the pipe 9b and the excavator A is arranged.

The cutter 7 includes a conical rotating body 10 whose diameter decreases toward the tip of the excavator A, and a rotating body 10.
Are formed by a plurality of spokes 11 provided at the distal end of the vehicle 1 and a face plate 12 selectively provided between the spokes 11. In the present embodiment, four spokes 11 are provided on the rotating body 10, and two spokes 11 are provided between the spokes 11 and at opposing positions.
Two face plates 12 are provided.

An outer peripheral bit 11a is attached to each spoke 11 at the outermost position, and a plurality of bits 11b are attached on the end face of the spoke 11 at different radii. These bits 11a and 11b have a function of pressing the face in accordance with the applied thrust and excavating the face by rotation of the cutter 7. As shown in FIG. 2, the dimension between the adjacent spokes 11, that is, the spoke 11
The maximum diameter of the boulder that can be taken into the excavator A is set according to the area of the opening between the two.

The face plate 12 is joined to the side surfaces of a pair of adjacent spokes 11 by means of welding or the like over its entire length, and has a plurality of outer peripheral bits 12a located at the outermost side. The bit 12a has a function of crushing the boulder with a large impact force generated on the cutter bit due to the eccentric rotation of the crankshaft when a boulder having a large diameter is present on the face.

The cutter 7 is rotatably provided on an eccentric shaft 7a having a predetermined amount of eccentricity with respect to the axis 1a of the main body 1. Therefore, the cutter 7 is configured to be rotatable eccentrically about the axis 1a and rotatable about the eccentric shaft 7a. During normal excavation, the eccentric rotation about the axis 1a of the main body 1 and the eccentric shaft 7
The forced rotation about a is performed.

An inner wall 13 at the tip of the main body 1 and facing the cutter 7 is formed in a conical shape whose diameter increases toward the tip, and the tip of the excavator A is attached to the tip of the excavator A by the inner wall 13 and the rotating body 10. A crushing chamber 14 whose cross-sectional area decreases from the side toward the rear is configured. Therefore, the gravel taken into the crushing chamber 14 is gradually sent backward with the advance of the excavator A, and is applied by the eccentric rotating body when it is sandwiched between the inner wall 13 and the rotating body 10 in this process. Crushed by the impact force.

In the excavator A constructed as described above, when excavating the easily collapsible ground, the face is supported by the face plate 12 provided between the spokes 11 to prevent collapse. Is possible. Crushing room by face plate 12
The opening area of 14 can be reduced, and the crushing chamber
Cobblestones that need to be crushed into 14 are not taken in a large amount, so that excessive torque does not act on the cutter 7.

A crushing chamber 14 is provided at the face, especially near the cutting edge of the excavator.
When there is a boulder having the maximum diameter or larger than can be taken into the cutter, this boulder corresponds to the eccentric rotation of the cutter 7 by the outer peripheral bits 12a, 11a attached to the integrated face plate 12 and the spoke 11. Crushed by impact force. For this reason, an excessive load does not act on the specific spoke 11, and a stable excavation state can be maintained.

[0022]

As described above in detail, the excavator according to the present invention prevents a face from collapsing and performs stable excavation when excavating a ground containing a large amount of boulders and gravel, which is apt to collapse. Can be done. Further, the area of the opening formed by the tip of the rotating body and the tip of the inner wall can be reduced by the face plate, so that a large amount of cobblestones and gravel are not taken into the crushing chamber formed by the rotating body and the inner wall at one time. . Therefore, stable excavation can be performed under a stable cutter torque.

When a cobble stone having a maximum diameter that can be taken into an excavator exists on the ground, the cobble stone can be crushed by an impact force of an outer peripheral bit attached to a face plate, and an excessive load acts on a specific spoke. Never do. Therefore, it has features such as stable excavation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an excavator.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Excavator 1 Shield body (main body) 2 1st tail shield (1st tail) 3 Direction correction jack 4 2nd tail shield (2nd tail) 7 Cutter 8 Motor 10 Rotating body 11 Spoke 11a Outer bit 11b Bit 12 Face plate 12a Outer bit 13 Inner wall 14 Crushing room

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Makoto Kozoyama 5-14-10-310 Sagamigaoka, Zama City, Kanagawa Prefecture (56) References JP-A-4-357295 (JP, A) JP-A-4-272392 ( JP, A) JP-A-2-88885 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 9/08 E21D 9/06 301 E21D 9/12

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A conical rotator having a shield body divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber by a partition, having a plurality of spokes each having a bit attached to the front chamber, and being rotatable eccentrically with respect to the axis of the shield body. Excavation that is provided and the inner wall of the anterior chamber is formed in a conical shape whose diameter increases toward the front, and the gravel taken into the anterior chamber can be crushed by the cooperation of the rotating body and the inner wall and discharged to the outside An excavator, wherein a face plate having an outer peripheral bit attached thereto is selected between the plurality of spokes.