JPH06115431A - Truck for railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a bogie for a railway vehicle with a variable gap between wheels. CONSTITUTION: This bogie is constituted of a center frame 1 to which four oscillating arms are united by relative joints 2. At each of the joints, a bearing box for rolling assemblies 3 is housed, which can be transversely moved. A wheel is located in each of two positions corresponding to two types of gauges. The opposed portion of each arm is mounted on a helical spring, the lower end of each arm is mounted on the bottom of the center frame, and at the end of the opposed portion of each arm, a vertical shock absorber is attached.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applied to the railway vehicle manufacturing related industry, and also to the railway industry as a whole.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The existence of different gauges in a railroad network has hindered the transportation of passengers and cargo, and due to such an environment, many problems must be eliminated in order to eliminate many problems currently caused by the transportation of passengers and cargo. It is well known that there is a need to carry out the research and solution of.

However, no completely satisfactory solution to this problem has been obtained to date, especially with regard to adapting passenger cars or freight cars with conventional carriages.

One of the current methods is to replace the entire trolley, but for this purpose it is necessary to lift the trolley body and disassemble the elements forming the brake, the electric wire network, etc. beforehand. These tasks are a significant amount of time lost, meaning they are extremely labor intensive.

[0005] It is also known to provide a series of devices for obtaining an axle in which the spacing between the wheels can be varied by moving the axle body, but this method is also extremely concerned with both acquisition and maintenance. It is complicated and expensive and does not mean a practically practical method.

[0006] The main problems that prevent obtaining suitable mechanisms of this type are mainly to provide similar guarantees in terms of safety, rigidity, etc. when wheels are loaded on the axle according to typical procedures. It is whether the wheels can be fixed to the axle.

Furthermore, if it is necessary to make automatic changes in a short time and to allow the vehicle to travel a sufficiently long distance in a complete running state without having to disassemble the mechanism at a maintenance factory, it is actually It is extremely difficult to find a way to address all these requirements.

[Patentes] who is also the applicant of the present invention
TALGO, S.M. A. The existence of the present Spanish patent application No. 332,453 in the name of the company is known. In this patent application, the idea of using a single axle bogie with variable spacing between wheels is considered.

However, even if the above-mentioned invention is studied as a whole, a series of requirements that are currently considered strictly necessary for good running of the vehicle are not expected.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a railcar bogie with variable wheel spacing proposed by the present invention, in the present invention each rolling assembly is secured to an independent axle with bearings fitted at both ends. It is proposed that each rolling assembly finished product can be moved, and the arrangement of the bearing box can only be changed functionally with respect to the trolley, which is formed by the wheels. In contrast, it constitutes a clear solution.

Thus, the features shown in a rolling assembly devised for changing gauges are as practical as those in a conventional rolling assembly for a single gauge.

[0012] Specifically, a trolley for a rail vehicle with variable spacing between wheels is a wheel as it passes through stationary equipment that performs the work necessary to travel through two types of rail networks with different gauges. The interval between can be changed quickly.

[0013]

The present invention has the following advantages incorporated into this new type of bogie.

The rolling assembly consists of two wheels running daily on the European railway network and running on two gauges of the Spanish railway network, and is also the applicant of the present patent application PATENTES TALGO. In the same form as the proven ones that have been used commercially for many years in the rolling bodies used by.

The transition from one gauge to another is
It is performed in a gauge change facility similar to that currently existing to perform the gauge change of the TALGO rolling assembly described above.

Both steering and braking adjustments are common to both gauges and do not require any additional work to fit one or the other gauge.

Generally, the trolley, which is the object of the present invention, basically consists of a central frame, on which the four frames are mounted.
The individual vibrating arms are joined by the corresponding joints,
At one of its ends is housed each bearing box of the rolling assembly.

The rolling assembly is capable of lateral movement and the wheels are in each of two positions corresponding to both gauges.

The opposite portion of each arm rests on a relatively helical spring, the lower end of which rests on the bottom of the central frame.

A relatively vertical cushioning means is attached to the end of this portion.

Each of these assemblies, namely the oscillating arm with joint, the spiral spring, and the shock absorber, constitutes the suspension of the associated rolling assembly.

In addition to the primary suspension described above, the trolley has another secondary suspension.

In order to improve the conformity of the curves and to eliminate the dynamic effects associated with mounting on independent wheels,
Guides of this type are provided with guides, that is to say the guides are adapted to articulated carriages.

Each trolley is fitted with four rolling assemblies, each trolley being common to each other: half axles, wheels, brake discs, and bearing boxes attached to the ends of the half axles. It consists of and.

The bearing box has a cylindrical surface on its upper side, on which the relative ends of the oscillating arms of the carriage rest during normal running conditions.

In order to distribute the load more evenly on the support surface, an elastic sheet can be interposed between the bearing box and the housing cradle, said sheet having to be firmly fixed to one of the support surfaces. There is.

Thus, the vertical position between the bearing box and the vibrating arm is defined.

For better understanding of the present invention, the longitudinal axis, the acting force, and the movement refer to the case of being parallel to the line, and the direction of the lateral direction to the line is horizontal. Should be kept in mind.

Said surface is longitudinally cylindrical and the axis of the bearing box is automatically centered in its theoretical position.

The vertical flat surfaces, one on the front side and the other on the rear side, match the corresponding vertical flat surfaces on the insert.

An outer casing of the bearing box,
An elastic bush is interposed between the pail,
Therefore, the bearing has a small degree of freedom to absorb small alignment errors in the axial direction. In this degree of freedom, the lateral action force generated while the vehicle is running is applied to the bogie via both bearing boxes of each half axle. It is necessary to transmit to the vibrating arm.

Protrusions located on the front and rear vertical surfaces of each bearing box and common to both surfaces form the lateral fixing elements of the bearing box.

By adjusting the fixing element between the stop member of the case of the vibrating arm and the latch, lateral displacement of the bearing box is prevented.

When the two vertical longitudinal faces of each of said protrusions are contacted, they are separated from each other by a distance close to half the gauge difference of the reduced thickness of the latch.

The bridge and the common latch are longitudinally adjusted by the lateral outer surface between the two vertical faces of the vibrating arm case, their exact position being the vertical longitudinal direction of the common insert in the vibrating arm case. It is retained because the latch is adjusted between the faces.

Thus, the latches are movable only in the vertical direction, deviations in other directions are eliminated by the rigid stop means.

In the vertical direction, the latch is secured in its running position by a spring and prevents the latch from lowering due to compressive stresses greater than the dynamic forces generated plus the weight of the latching device.

A safety retaining device is added to the spring mechanism depending on the situation.

The bridge of the latch device is designed in such a way that the "T" -shaped part belonging to the stationary installation can be introduced into the lower part of said bridge. This "T" shaped portion urges the bridge to move vertically, lowering the latch over the force exerted by the spring, retainer, and friction.

The bridge is designed so that its inside acts on the central part of the bridge by conforming to an inclined surface intervening in the latch release guide of the stationary installation.

An insert commonly mounted on the vertical surface of the vibrating arm case allows the bridge to act as a lateral stop for the latch as well as on which the surface of the bearing box is longitudinally adjusted. Has a lateral surface.

A lateral guide is provided that has a beveled upper surface that constitutes the sliding surface of the bearing box during lateral movement of the rolling assembly.

The lower surface of the protrusion also has the same inclination as this, and is separated from the upper surface of the guide during normal traveling to be parallel to the upper surface.

When the carriage is suspended, the bearing box is lowered until the lower surface of the protrusion is placed on the guide. Lateral movement takes place via this contact.

Since the sliding surface of the guide is inclined, particles that can prevent the lateral movement of the wheels are eliminated when the gauge is changed during running.

A rolling member, which is located on the inclined surface of the projection and is made of a synthetic metal material having a low sliding friction coefficient and a high compression resistance, is slid when the rolling assembly is moved so as to be positioned at each of both gauges. Make it easier.

The brakes of the wheels during movement are fixed via the lateral sides of the projections in the vertical direction.

To complete the description herein and to facilitate a better understanding of the features of the invention, the accompanying drawings, which are a part of the specification, illustrate the invention by way of illustration and not limitation.

[0049]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS From the drawings, a bogie for a railroad vehicle with variable wheel spacing, which is the object of the present invention, is first constructed from a central frame 1, to which four vibrating arms are connected by joints 2. , One of the ends of the joint
Each bearing box of the rolling assembly 3 is housed individually.

These rolling assemblies 3 are capable of lateral movement and the wheels are in each of two positions corresponding to both gauges.

The opposite side of each arm rests on the associated helical spring 4, the lower end of which rests on the bottom of the central frame 1.

An associated shock absorber 5 is attached to the end of the aforementioned compartment.

Each of these assemblies, namely the vibrating arms with joints, helical springs and shock absorbers, constitutes the suspension of the corresponding rolling assembly, and the carriage has this secondary suspension in addition to this secondary suspension. It is particularly understood that

Although not shown in the drawings, the present invention provides a guide, or thereby a guide, to a truck of this type in order to match the curves and eliminate the inherent dynamic forces due to the mounting of independent wheels. It is equipped with a device which can be adapted to an articulated cart.

Four rolling assemblies as shown in FIG. 3 are mounted on each trolley, and each rolling assembly is attached to a half axle 6, wheels 7, mutually common brake discs 8 and half axle ends. It consists of a bearing box 9.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the bearing box 9 has in its upper part a cylindrical surface 10 on which, in the normal running position, the associated oscillating arm of the carriage as shown in the sectional view of FIG. The edge is placed.

In order to distribute the load more evenly on the support surface, an elastic sheet can be interposed between the bearing box and the cradle of the housing, which sheet must be firmly adhered to one of said surfaces. There is.

Thus, the vertical position between the bearing box and the vibrating arm is completely defined.

To better understand the description herein, longitudinal axles, forces, and movements are parallel to the track, and transverse is relative to the track in a horizontal plane. It should be borne in mind that it is a vertical element.

The bearing surface is cylindrical in the longitudinal direction and the axis of the bearing box is automatically centered in its theoretical position.

The front and rear vertical flat surfaces 11 are fitted to the associated vertical flat surfaces of the inserts 12, 13.

An outer casing of the bearing box,
An elastic bush is interposed between the pails, so that the bearing has a degree of freedom to absorb any small axial alignment error, which is dependent on the lateral force acting during travel. It is necessary to be transmitted to the oscillating arm of the bogie via both bearing boxes of the half axle.

The projections 14, which are located on the front and rear vertical planes of each bearing box and are common to both planes, form the lateral fixing elements of the bearing boxes.

Adjusted between the stop member 15 or 15 'of the case of the vibrating arm and the latch 16, the latch prevents lateral movement of the bearing box.

The two vertical faces of each of said protrusions 14 are separated from each other by a distance close to half the gauge difference of the reduced thickness of the latch 16 when contact is made.

The bridge 17 and the common latch 16 are longitudinally adjusted by the lateral outer surface between the two vertical surfaces of the case of the vibrating arm, their exact position being the insert common to the case of the vibrating arm. Retained for alignment between the vertical longitudinal faces of 12,13.

Thus, the latch is movable only in the vertical direction, and movement in the other directions is blocked by the rigid stopping means.

The latch is fixed vertically in its running position by a spring 18, the compressive stress of which prevents the latch from descending more than the dynamic forces that can be generated plus the weight of the latch.

Finally, the spring mechanism 18 has a safety retaining device 19
It is completed by adding.

The bridge 17 of the latch device is designed so that the "T" -shaped part belonging to the fixed installation can be introduced into the lower part of said bridge 17. The "T" shaped portion causes the bridge to move vertically, overcoming the forces exerted by the spring, retainer and friction to cause the latch to drop.

The bridge is designed so that its inside acts on the central zone of the bridge by conforming to an inclined surface intervening in the latch release guide of the fixed installation.

This type of design is shown in the perspective and sectional views of FIGS.

The inserts 12 and 13, which are commonly mounted on the vertical surface of the case of the vibrating arm, act as lateral stop means for the latches as well as on which the surface 11 of the bearing box extends in the longitudinal direction. It has a vertical lateral surface that is adjusted.

The insert 13 is further provided with a lateral guide 20.
The guide has an upper surface which is inclined and constitutes the sliding surface of the associated bearing box during lateral movement of the rolling assembly.

The lower surface 21 of the protrusion 14 is also inclined, and is separated from the upper surface of the guide 20 and is parallel to it during normal traveling.

When the carriage is suspended, the bearing box descends until the lower surface of the protrusion 14 is placed on the guide 20,
Lateral movement takes place via this contact.

The inclination of the sliding surface of the guide 20 eliminates any particles that prevent lateral movement of the wheel when changing the running gauge.

Sliding of the rolling assembly when it is transferred to each of the two gauges by making the slide on the sloped surface 21 of the protrusion and made of synthetic metal material with low sliding friction coefficient and high compression resistance. Make it easier.

Although not shown, the common mounting of the brakes associated with the wheels is carried out on the vertical lateral surface of the projection 14.

To supplement the present description, the following briefly describes some operations that may be performed to achieve the objects of the invention, in order to modify the spacing between the wheels to accommodate each of the two gauges. To do.

Changing the distance between the wheels is always carried out using stationary equipment located at the changing station.

This change is made continuously for each trolley as it passes through the stationary installation at a reduced speed of up to 20 km / h.

FIG. 13 diagrammatically illustrates the several elements that form part of the facility described below.

The end of the large gauge rail is shown at 23 and the end of the small gauge rail is shown at 24.

A sliding and centering guide rail is shown at 25. The latch locking and releasing means is indicated at 26 and the guides for moving the rolling assembly relative to the elastic member are indicated at 27.
And the rigid member is shown at 28.

Assuming that the trolley is accelerated through the stationary equipment via the larger gauge shown on the left side of FIG. 13, the gauge change process is as follows when the vehicle is in motion.

In order to move the rolling assembly, it is necessary that the vehicle does not carry any load, which is achieved by having the carriage supported on the guide rails, ie by unloading the wheels. .

The removal of the load from the wheels in this way is carried out smoothly by lowering the rails 23 before they are interrupted, at which moment, according to the diameter of the wheels, the trolley frame indicated by 29 and 30 in FIG. Of the sliding and centripetal runners attached to the vibrating arm of the contact the corresponding sliding and centripetal rails.

In order to obtain a larger support surface between the sliding runner 30 and the sliding rail 25, especially during initial contact, the runners 30. B is its supporting member 3 via a spherical joint connecting member.
0. It is placed on A.

Since the support runner and centripetal runner are made of a plastic material and are lubricated with water, the coefficient of friction when sliding on the slide rail is extremely small.

Lubrication with water has significant advantages over other lubricants because it does not cause adhesion or stains in any case.

Once the load is removed from the rolling assembly,
It is necessary to unlock the rolling assembly from the double lock of the latch stem, so that the stationary installation is shown at 26 and has four unlocking-locking guides appropriately positioned with respect to the longitudinal axis of the stationary installation. There is.

The cross section of the upper part of the guide is "T" -shaped so that the bridge of the latch can enter into it and due to the vertical shape 31 the latch descends and its shape is completely It is held unlocked at the center of the guide, which is horizontal.

Since the friction part of the latch bridge 32 is also made of plastic material, lubrication is again performed with water in order to obtain the advantages mentioned above.

During the process of latch release, the elastic part of the guide corresponding to the guide 27 for moving the rolling assembly comes into contact with the inner surface of the wheel.

The pressure applied to the wheels facilitates the unlocking operation of the latch.

Once the wheel load is released prior to unlocking the latches as described above, the rolling assembly will drop slightly, supporting the upper portion 10 of the bearing box on the seat of the vibrating arm case. Instead, the inclined surface 21 of the protrusion 14 is placed on the inclined surface of the guide 20.

Later, as the rolling assembly of the truck, which is the object of the present invention, advances through the stationary installation, the wheels come out of contact with the elastic part of the movement guide on the incoming side therethrough, It contacts the rigid part on the opposite side of the motion guide, ie the part on which the smaller gauge is located.

While the wheel is in contact with this rigid part, the latch is unlocked and the wheel is transferred to the smaller gauge.

The wheel then contacts the elastic part of the motion guide and the latch guide pushes the latch upward, ie locks the latch.

The pressure exerted by the elastic portion of the motion guide helps lock the latch.

Once the process of moving the rolling assembly is complete, the rolling assembly is locked in position corresponding to the rail with the smaller gauge.

Finally, since the rolling assembly is still advancing, there is a decisive moment when the wheels are in contact with the up-rail of the smaller gauge rail, and the sliding and centripetal runners described above are sliding rails. The dolly is in a position to transfer to the track of this gauge as it loses contact with.

The reverse process of moving from the smaller gauge line to the larger gauge line is performed as well.

It is not considered necessary to develop this description further in order for the person skilled in the art to understand the scope of the invention and the advantages obtained from it.

The materials, shapes, sizes and arrangements of the elements of the invention may vary, but this does not imply changes to the basics of the invention.

The terms used in the description herein should be considered as non-limiting.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a bogie for a railway vehicle, which is a target of the present invention and has a variable distance between wheels.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the object of the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of one of the four rolling assemblies incorporated in the truck that is the subject of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the cylindrical surface on which the associated end of the oscillating arm of the truck rests in its normal running position.

5 is a plan view of the object of the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a detailed cross-sectional view along the line AB of the subject matter of the present invention shown in FIGS. 4 and 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a vertical flat surface, one on the front surface and one on the rear surface, which matches the associated vertical flat surface of the insert.

8 is a sectional view of the subject of the invention shown in FIG. 7, corresponding to the positioning of the bearing box and the blocking elements in the vibrating arm case of the suspension.

9 shows a detail of the subject of the invention shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, as seen along the line CD.

FIG. 10 is a front view of the housing case of the rolling assembly and the bearing as viewed in section.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a locking latch assembly.

12 is a cross-sectional view of the subject of the invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of stationary equipment for changing the gauge.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of centripetal and sliding runners mounted on a sliding rail.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Central Frame 2 Joint 3 Rolling Assembly 4 Helical Spring 5 Shock Absorber 6 Half Axle 7 Wheels 8 Brake Disc 9 Bearing Box 11 Flat Surface 12, 13 Insert 14 Protrusion 15 Stopping Member 16 Latch 17 Bridge 18 Spring 19 Safeguard 20 Horizontal Guide 21 bottom surface

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A bogie for a railway vehicle with variable wheel spacing, comprising a central frame (1) to which four vibrating arms are connected by corresponding joints (2),
A bearing box for the rolling assembly (3) is housed at each end of the joint, the bearing box is laterally moveable, and the wheels are located in each of two positions corresponding to two types of gauges. The opposite side of each arm rests on a spiral spring (4), the lower end of said spiral spring rests on the bottom of the central frame, and a vertical shock absorber (5) at the end of said opposite part. ) Are attached to each of these assemblies to form a suspension of the rolling assembly by including a vibrating arm with a joint, a helical spring, and a shock absorber. Is a railcar bogie, which is equipped with a secondary suspension and is equipped with a guide device adapted to a joint-connecting bogie throughout the assembly. 2. Each trolley is provided with four rolling assemblies, each rolling assembly comprising a half axle (6), wheels (7),
Mutually common brake discs (8) and associated bearing boxes (9) mounted at the ends of said half axles
The bearing box (9) comprises, in its upper part, the end of the oscillating arm of the trolley resting on it in the normal running position, having a cylindrical surface for distributing the load of the bearing surface, A trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that an elastic sheet can be interposed between the box and the cradle of the housing, said sheet being fixedly mounted on one of these faces. 3. A vertical position between the bearing box and the oscillating arm is defined in the longitudinal direction of said cylindrical surface, the axis of the bearing box being automatically centered in its theoretical position, a vertical flat surface. (11) has a front surface and a rear surface, which are inserts (12), (13)
Lateral direction which is adapted to the vertical flat surface of the bearing box and which occurs between the outer casing of the bearing box and its pail during traveling and is transmitted to the oscillating arm of the truck via two bearing boxes of each half axle. 2. A trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an elastic bushing which provides a certain degree of freedom for the bearing so as to absorb axial alignment errors in the acting force. 4. Protrusions (14) located on the front and rear faces of the bearing box, which are common to each other, have a stop member (15) or (15 ') of the vibrating arm case and a latch (1).
6) to form a lateral fixing element for the bearing box to be mounted between it and to prevent the bearing box from moving laterally, the two vertical faces of each of the projections (14) 2. Bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that they are separated from each other by a distance close to half the gauge difference less the latch thickness (14). 5. Latch (1) common to the bridge (17)
6) is longitudinally adjusted by a lateral outer surface between the two vertical surfaces of the case of the vibrating arm, the insert (12),
Holds in place laterally when adjusting the vertical surface of (13), the insert is common with the case of the vibrating arm, the latch moves only vertically, and the rigid stop moves in the other direction. 2. The trolley according to claim 1, which prevents the trolley. 6. A spring (18) is held fixed in its running position by a compressive stress greater than the dynamic force that can be generated plus the weight of the latching device, preventing the latch from lowering, The spring (18) is a safety device (19).
The trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that the trolley is completed by adding. 7. The bridge (17) of the latching device is constructed so that its lower part can introduce a "T" -shaped part, which "T" -shaped part belongs to a stationary installation, said stationary installation vertically extending the bridge. Forced movement in the direction, the latch overcomes the forces exerted by the retention and friction springs and descends, and the bridge fits into the central section of the bridge by its inside fitting to the ramp intervening latch release guides in stationary equipment. Inserts (12), (1) designed to work and commonly mounted on the vertical surface of the case of the vibrating arm.
3) Apart from being a lateral stop for the latch, the surface (11) of the bearing box provides a vertical lateral surface on which the longitudinal adjustment is provided. The dolly described in. 8. A part (1) configured as an insert
3) has a lateral guide (20), the upper surface of which is slanted, constitutes the sliding surface of the bearing box during the lateral sliding of the rolling assembly, and the lower surface of the protrusion (14) is similarly slanted. The trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that it is separated from the upper surface of the guide (20) during normal traveling and is parallel to it. 9. When the carriage is suspended, the bearing box descends until it is placed, and the lower surface (2) of the protrusion (14) is placed.
1) is placed on the guide (20) and laterally moves through this contact, and since the sliding surface of the guide (20) is inclined, there is a possibility that the lateral movement of the wheel may be prevented when the gauge is replaced. 2. A trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that it prevents certain particles from accumulating on it during travel. 10. A rolling assembly for mounting a slide, which is made of a synthetic metal material having a low coefficient of sliding friction and a high compression resistance, located on the inclined surface (21) of the protrusion, and is positioned on each of two types of gauges. 10. When moving the vehicle, a brake for facilitating the movement of the vehicle and for operating the wheels during the vehicle movement is mounted on the vertical surface of the protrusion (14), according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The dolly described in.