JPH0586770U - Electric agricultural tractor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Object] To provide an electric agricultural tractor 1 in which an electric motor 25 is used as a power source and the arrangement of the electric motor 25 and a battery 27 is improved. [Structure] An electric motor 2 is used as a power source of the agricultural tractor 1.
5 is used, the speed of the tractor 1 is changed by adjusting the rotation speed of the electric motor 25, and step 6 of the control portion 5 is provided at the front-rear intermediate position of the tractor 1. An electric motor 25 and a battery 27 are mounted in the battery 23. The transmission motor is a wheel-in type.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to an electric agricultural tractor in which an electric motor is used as a power source and the arrangement of the electric motor and the battery is improved.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 Conventionally known agricultural tractors use an engine as a power source, provide a step of the control section at the front and rear intermediate positions of the vehicle body, mount the engine, battery, start motor, etc. in front of this step, and install it behind the step. Generally, a speed change mechanism and a hydraulic case are provided. In addition, the applicant uses an electric motor as a power source of the tractor, performs gear shifting by adjusting the rotation speed of the electric motor, and provides a step of the control unit at the front-rear intermediate position of the tractor, We have proposed an electric agricultural tractor in which a battery for supplying electric power to the electric motor is provided ahead of this step and an electric motor is provided behind the step.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 For tractors using the above engine as a power source, the transmission (transmission), hydraulic case, etc. are placed behind the step in order to secure the size of the space occupied by the engine in the front part of the vehicle body (in the hood) and to secure the front view. The steering seats provided above these transmissions, hydraulic cases, etc. have to be taller, for example, in an orchard where the branches are hanging down, and work below the branches. Was not suitable for doing.

In the electric agricultural tractor, since the electric motor is located behind the step, the operating seat cannot be lowered, and like the engine-mounted tractor, it is unsuitable for work such as an orchard. Also, since the electric motor, which is a heavy load, is located behind the step, the load sharing ratio of the front wheels is small, and the work equipment is installed behind the tractor when performing work, or when loading the tractor on a transport vehicle. At the time of, for example, the front part of the vehicle was easily lifted, which was dangerous. Furthermore, when used in bad driving conditions such as wetlands, the performance was poor and dangerous. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: 1. An electric agricultural tractor in which an electric motor is used as a power source of the agricultural tractor and the speed of the tractor is changed by adjusting the rotation speed of the electric motor. A step of the control section is provided at the front-rear intermediate position of, and an electric motor and a battery for supplying electric power to the motor are installed in front of this step, 2. The electric motor is a wheel-in type, respectively. Characterize.

[0006]

[Action]

 With the above structure, the electric agricultural tractor of the present invention has the following functions. 1. Since there is no electric motor or transmission behind the step, a large space can be secured behind the step, and the control seat can be set low, making it suitable for orchard work. Also, since the electric motor, which is a heavy object, is located in front of the step, the front wheel load sharing ratio becomes large, and when the work equipment is mounted behind the tractor when performing work, or when the tractor is loaded on a transport vehicle. At the time of, the front part of the vehicle body will not be lifted. In addition, the performance is improved and stable work can be performed even in bad driving conditions such as wetlands.

2. Since the electric motor is a wheel-in type, gears for driving the traveling wheels are eliminated, noise and vibration are reduced, and the weight is reduced. The hood can be lowered and the forward visibility is good, making it suitable for work in orchards. The number of parts is reduced, layout is easy, and miniaturization is easy. Since the drive control of the traveling wheels is performed by electric control, front wheel acceleration and steering / turning operations can be performed freely.

[0008]

【Example】

 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figure, an electric agricultural tractor 1 uses an electric motor, which will be described later, as a power source, and includes a chassis frame (vehicle body) 2, a front frame 2a, an intermediate frame 2b, and a rear frame 2c. It is configured by integrally connecting the front and rear. A front wheel 3 and a rear wheel 4 are mounted on both left and right sides of the front frame 2a and the rear frame 2c, and a step 6 of the control section 5 is provided at an intermediate position in the front-rear direction of the chassis frame 2.

The control section 5 is composed of a steering handle 7, an operation unit 8, a control seat 9 and the like which is erected lower than a normal one on the rear frame 2c, and is provided in a rear cover 10 on the rear side of the control seat 9. A small transmission (transmission) 12 is mounted on a mounting plate 11 fixed to the rear frame 2c. Although not shown, the transmission 12 is provided with a reduction gear, a differential mechanism, a brake mechanism, and the like. A hydraulic pump 13 is mounted on the front side of the transmission 12, and a hydraulic control valve 14 is mounted on the rear side of the hydraulic pump 13. The hydraulic pump 13 operates by receiving power from the speed change device 12, and the hydraulic control valve 14 controls the flow of pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 13.

Further, a pair of left and right lower links 15 for mounting the working machine is provided at a rear end portion of the rear frame 2c. The lower link 15 is provided with a bracket 17 of a support frame 16 provided upright on the rear end of the rear frame 2c, and a reciprocating hydraulic cylinder 18 that performs vertical movement control and lateral tilt control of the lower link 15. Have been installed respectively. Although not shown, a top link for connecting the working machine is provided between the upper ends of the left and right support frames 16. Further, a hydraulic motor 19 is installed between the lower ends of the left and right support frames 16, and a PTO shaft 20 is provided so as to project rearward from the hydraulic motor 19 to transmit power to the working machine. The hydraulic hoses 21 and 22 are connected to the hydraulic cylinder 18 and the hydraulic motor 19 from the hydraulic control valve 14.

An electric motor 25 is mounted on a mounting plate 24 fixed to the front frame 2 a in the hood 23 in front of the step 6. The electric motor 25 is started, stopped, controlled in rotation speed, and the like by the operation unit 8. On the front side of the electric motor 25, a plurality of batteries 27 for supplying electric power to the electric motor 25 are mounted on a mounting plate 26 fixed to the front frame 2a. A pulley 28 attached to the output shaft 25a of the electric motor 25, and a pulley 31 attached to a transmission shaft 30 having one end supported by a bearing 29 and the other end inserted and supported in the transmission 12. A belt 32 is stretched between the two.

The electric motor 25 is a field-controlled DC shunt winding motor, and is started, stopped, and rotated by a starter 33 housed in the operation unit 8 and a variable resistor 34 for controlling the motor rotation speed. Speed adjustment etc. are performed. Then, the starter 33 and the variable resistor 34 are operated in the operation unit 8, the electric motor 25 and the hydraulic motor 19 are started, stopped, and the rotation speed is controlled, the speed change of the electric agricultural tractor 1 and the PTO shaft 20 are controlled. Adjust the rotation speed of. In addition, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is expanded and contracted near the operation unit 8 or the control seat 9 via the hydraulic control valve 14 so that the working machine is vertically moved and tilted left and right.

In the electric agricultural tractor 1 of the embodiment configured as described above, the working machine is attached to the lower link 15 and the top link, and the power is transmitted to the working machine through the PTO shaft 20 to thereby make the field, the orchard. Work in greenhouses and greenhouses. Since the tractor 1 is operated by the electric motor 25 without using the engine, it has the following features.

First, since no expensive parts such as an engine, a fuel tank, an air cleaner, a muffler, and a radiator are used for the tractor 1 itself, production costs, distribution, usage costs, etc. are significantly reduced. In addition, in terms of use, since the control seat 9 is provided low, it is possible to work even in an orchard where the branches are low and hanging. Further, noise and vibration are extremely small, and the worker can work comfortably.

Since no exhaust gas is generated unlike an engine, the environment is safe and the working environment is good even when used in a poorly ventilated place such as a greenhouse or a greenhouse, and the worker can perform comfortable work. Also, unlike the engine, the fuel in the fuel tank deteriorates when it is next used without being used for a long period of time, and troubles such as starting failure will not occur. Since the engine and engine-related parts are not used, the number of components is small and the structure is simple, resulting in improved maintainability. Since there is no engine, muffler, radiator cooling water, or other high-temperature members, there is no danger of accidental contact and burns. Since a radiator is not used unlike the engine, even in agricultural work where a large amount of dust or dirt is generated, there is no problem that the tractor will stop and work will not be possible.

Further, since the shift adjustment of the tractor 1 is performed by adjusting the rotation speed of the electric motor 25, it has the following characteristics. Since it is not necessary to provide a transmission dedicated transmission, transmission gears and shafts unlike when using an engine, the weight and cost can be significantly reduced. The rotation speed of the electric motor 25 is continuously variable by the variable resistor 34, and the required output shaft rotation speed and torque can be obtained steplessly and easily. Since the electric motor 25 has a variable rotational speed, it is not necessary to provide a clutch for turning the power transmission on and off, and a large cost reduction is achieved. Since the gear shift is performed by adjusting the rotation speed of the electric motor 25, the clutch operation is not required, and the vehicle speed and forward / backward gear shift operations can be freely performed while the tractor 1 is traveling, and the operability is significantly improved.

Further, since the step 6 of the control section 5 is provided at the front-rear intermediate position of the chassis frame (vehicle body) 2 and the electric motor 25 and the battery 27 are mounted in front of this step 6, the electric motor 25, which is a heavy object, is Since it is located in front of the step, the load sharing ratio of the front wheels 3 becomes large, and when the work machine is mounted behind the tractor 1 for work, or when the tractor 1 is loaded on a transport vehicle, The front part does not lift. In addition, driving performance is improved and stable work can be performed even in poor driving conditions such as wetlands.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Reference numeral 1 is an electric agricultural tractor using an electric motor as a power source, which is the same as in the above-described embodiment. The left and right front wheels 3, 3 and the rear wheels 4, 4 are provided with front wheel drive motors 35, 35 and rear wheel drive motors 36, 36 so that they are driven by wheel-in type drive motors, respectively. The drive motors 36, 36 are provided with a brake mechanism. 37 is a hydraulic motor, 38 is a hydraulic pump, and the control seat 9 is provided thereon. Therefore, the control seat 9 is higher than that of the above embodiment. A battery 27 is mainly mounted and housed in the bonnet 23.

A PTO hydraulic motor 39 has a PTO shaft 40 protruding rearward. Reference numeral 41 is a hydraulic lift portion for vertically moving a lower link (not shown). Pressure oil is supplied to the PTO hydraulic motor 39 and the hydraulic lift portion 41 from the hydraulic pump 38 through the flow dividing valve and the flow rate adjusting valve 42, and the PTO shaft rotation speed provided on the side of the control seat 9 is increased. It is adapted to be operated by the adjusting lever 43 and the hydraulic lift lever 44. Further, although not shown, the hydraulic circuit is provided with a hydraulic pressure take-out section, a front hitch and the like. To control the front wheel drive motors 35, 35 and the rear wheel drive motors 36, 36, the control section 5 is provided with an electric control section 45 incorporating a microcomputer in the vicinity of the steering wheel 7, and a foot pedal 46, It is adjusted by the speed adjustment lever 47. A steering sensor 48 is provided in the steering box.

In the electric agricultural tractor 1 of the second embodiment having the above structure, the left and right front and rear wheels 3, 3, 4, 4 are driven by independent front wheel drive motors 35, 35 and rear wheel drive motors 36, 36, respectively. It is controlled by the electric control unit 45 so as to be driven, and is adjusted by the foot pedal 46 and the speed adjusting lever 47. The working machine, which is attached to the rear part of the electric agricultural tractor 1 by a three-point link and receives power from the PTO shaft 40, has the PTO shaft rotation speed adjustment lever 43 adjust the rotation speed of the power drive unit, and the hydraulic lift lever. The vertical movement operation is performed by 44.

During traveling and operation of the tractor 1, the steering sensor 48 provided in the steering box detects the tire turning angles of the front and rear wheels 3, 3, 4 and 4 to drive the front and rear or left and right front wheel drive motors. The electric control section 45 controls the rotational speeds of the motors 35, 35 and the rear wheel drive motors 36, 36 to perform appropriate differential action, steering / turning operation, and the like. In addition, front wheel speed-up operation is also possible. Further, a work machine such as a front loader can be mounted on the front part of the tractor 1 via a front hitch, for example, and hydraulic pressure can be supplied from the hydraulic pressure take-out section to perform work.

[0022]

[Effect of the device]

 As described above, according to the electric agricultural tractor of the present invention, the following effects can be achieved. 1. Since the electric motor and the battery for supplying electric power to the motor are installed in front of the step of the control section provided at the front and rear intermediate position of the tractor, there is no drive motor or transmission behind the step. A large space can be secured behind the step, and the control seat can be placed sufficiently low in this space, which can be used for work such as traveling under a low branch such as an orchard. .. Since the electric motor, which is a heavy load, is located in front of the step, the load sharing ratio of the front wheels is large, and the front part of the machine body is not supported when the work machine is mounted behind the tractor or when the tractor is loaded on a transport vehicle. It will be difficult to lift and the running performance in wetlands will be improved so that stable work can be performed.

2. Since the electric motor is a wheel-in type, gears for driving the traveling wheels can be eliminated, and low noise, low vibration, and low weight can be achieved. There is no electric motor inside the bonnet, and the bonnet can be lowered to improve the forward visibility. The number of parts is reduced, layout is easier, and the tractor can be downsized. Since the traveling wheels are driven and controlled by electric control, steering / turning operations and front wheel speed-up operations can be performed easily.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an electric agricultural tractor showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of an electric agricultural tractor showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a rear view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Electric Farm Tractor 2 Chassis Frame 2a Front Frame 2b Middle Frame 2c Rear Frame 3 Front Wheel 4 Rear Wheel 5 Control Section 6 Step 7 Steering Handle 8 Operating Unit 9 Control Seat 10 Rear Cover 11, 24, 26 Mounting Plate 12 Transmission 13 hydraulic pump 14 hydraulic control valve 15 lower link 16 support frame 17 bracket 18 hydraulic cylinder 19 hydraulic motor 20 PTO shaft 21,22 hydraulic hose 23 bonnet 25 electric motor 25a output shaft 27 battery 28,31 pulley 29 bearing 30 transmission shaft 32 pulley 33 Starter 34 Variable Resistance 35 Front Wheel Drive Motor 36 Rear Wheel Drive Motor 37 Hydraulic Motor 39 Hydraulic Pump 40 PTO Hydraulic Motor 42 Hydraulic Lift 43 43 PTO Axis Rotation Speed Adjustment Lever 44 Hydraulic Shift lever 45 electric control unit 46 foot pedal 47 speed control lever 48 a steering sensor

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An electric agricultural tractor in which an electric motor is used as a power source of the agricultural tractor and the speed of the tractor is changed by adjusting the rotation speed of the electric motor. And an electric motor and a battery for supplying electric power to the motor are mounted in front of this step. 2. The electric agricultural tractor according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor is a wheel-in type.