JP5773548B2 - Rice transplanter - Google Patents
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- JP5773548B2 JP5773548B2 JP2014026646A JP2014026646A JP5773548B2 JP 5773548 B2 JP5773548 B2 JP 5773548B2 JP 2014026646 A JP2014026646 A JP 2014026646A JP 2014026646 A JP2014026646 A JP 2014026646A JP 5773548 B2 JP5773548 B2 JP 5773548B2
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Description
本発明は、田植機に関する。 The present invention relates to the field planting machine.
例えば田植機や農用トラクタなどの移動速度の変更にあっては、エンジンで行うアクセル操作と、ミッションケースで行う主変速操作と、主変速の操作時に無段変速機構を作動させて行う副変速操作とがあり、例えば圃場作業中の移動速度の変更操作はアクセル操作と副変速操作の2系統によって行われる。 For example, when changing the moving speed of rice transplanters, agricultural tractors, etc., the accelerator operation performed by the engine, the main transmission operation performed by the transmission case, and the sub-transmission operation performed by operating the continuously variable transmission mechanism during the main transmission operation For example, the movement speed changing operation during the field work is performed by two systems of an accelerator operation and a sub-shift operation.
しかしながら、前述したような2系統による変速操作は操作が複雑で操作性が悪いという不都合がある。そこでアクセル操作と副変速操作とを1本化させて何れか一方で連動操作するようにした手段があるが、エンジンの回転を低速にする程、無段変速機構の変速比も比例的に低速側に変更する構成の場合、エンジンの回転を低速にすると、移動速度が著しく低速になって馬力不足状態となり、適正な圃場作業が行えなくなる不都合がある。また、エンジンの回転を高速にする程、無段変速機構の変速比も比例的に高速側に変更する構成の場合、使用頻度の高いエンジンの高回転域で少しでもアクセル操作によってエンジン回転を変更すると、移動速度がその都度大きく変化するなどの不都合がある。 However, the shift operation by the two systems as described above has the disadvantage that the operation is complicated and the operability is poor. Therefore, there is a means for integrating the accelerator operation and the sub-speed change operation and linking them to either one. However, as the engine speed decreases, the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism also decreases proportionally. In the case of the configuration of changing to the side, if the engine speed is reduced, the moving speed becomes extremely low and the horsepower is insufficient, and there is a problem that proper field work cannot be performed. In addition, when the engine speed is increased, the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism is changed proportionally to the higher speed side. If the engine speed is high, the engine speed can be changed by operating the accelerator even slightly. Then, there is a disadvantage that the moving speed changes greatly each time.
また、圃場枕地における機体旋回時などで機体の移動速度を低速にする必要があるとき、このような連動構造の場合、エンジンの回転も低速となって、エンジン出力による機体旋回力の充分な確保が行えないという不都合があった。 In addition, when it is necessary to reduce the moving speed of the airframe, such as when the airframe is turning on a field headland, in such a linked structure, the engine speed is also low, and the airframe turning force is sufficient due to the engine output. There was an inconvenience that it could not be secured.
前記目的を達成するために、請求項1に記載の発明は、走行車(1)に搭載したエンジン(2)と、苗載台(16)及び複数の植付爪(17)を有する植付部(15)と、前記エンジン(2)からの回転を無段変速する無段変速機構(64)とを備え、単一の操作部材(87)の操作量に基づきエンジン回転数を制御すると共に前記無段変速機構(64)の変速出力を制御して、前記走行車(1)の移動速度及び前記植付部(15)の作業速度を制御するように構成した田植機において、前記無段変速機構(64)の変速比に関する複数のモードを選択可能に備え、前記各モードを選択するモード選択スイッチ(101)を更に備え、前記植付部(15)を駆動させる植付作業時に、前記操作部材(87)の操作に対応したエンジン回転数と前記モード選択スイッチ(101)で選択したモードとに基づき、前記無段変速機構(64)の変速比を増減速制御するように構成しているというものである。
To achieve the above object, the inventions according to
本願発明によれば、走行車(1)に搭載したエンジン(2)と、苗載台(16)及び複数の植付爪(17)を有する植付部(15)と、前記エンジン(2)からの回転を無段変速する無段変速機構(64)とを備え、単一の操作部材(87)の操作量に基づきエンジン回転数を制御すると共に前記無段変速機構(64)の変速出力を制御して、前記走行車(1)の移動速度及び前記植付部(15)の作業速度を制御するように構成した田植機において、前記無段変速機構(64)の変速比に関する複数のモードを選択可能に備え、前記各モードを選択するモード選択スイッチ(101)を更に備え、前記植付部(15)を駆動させる植付作業時に、前記操作部材(87)の操作に対応したエンジン回転数と前記モード選択スイッチ(101)で選択したモードとに基づき、前記無段変速機構(64)の変速比を増減速制御するように構成しているものであるから、単一の前記操作部材(87)操作でエンジン回転数と前記無段変速機構(64)の速比の変更を同時に行えるものでありながら、前記無段変速機構(64)の速比に関するモードを各種作業条件やオペレータの意図に応じて選択でき、安定した作業速度を確保して作業の高能率化を図れる。 According to the present invention, an engine (2) mounted on a traveling vehicle (1), a seedling stage (16) and a planting part (15) having a plurality of planting claws (17), and the engine (2). And a continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) for continuously changing the rotation of the engine, the engine speed is controlled based on the operation amount of a single operating member (87), and the variable speed output of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) and it controls the in rice transplanters configured to control the working speed of the moving speed and the planting section of the vehicle (1) (15), a plurality related to changing the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) The mode selection switch (101) for selecting each mode is further provided , and the operation member (87) is operated at the time of planting work for driving the planting unit (15). Engine speed and mode selection switch (101) Based on the selected mode, the gear ratio from those that are configured to control acceleration and deceleration of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), a single of the operating member (87) and the engine rotational speed in operation the Although the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) can be changed at the same time, the mode relating to the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) can be selected according to various work conditions and the operator's intention, so that stable operation is possible. The speed can be secured and the work efficiency can be improved.
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳述する。図1は乗用田植機の側面図、図2は同平面図を示し、図中(1)は作業者が搭乗する走行車であり、エンジン(2)を車体フレーム(3)に搭載させ、ミッションケース(4)前方にフロントアクスルケース(5)を介して水田走行用前輪(6)を支持させると共に、前記ミッションケース(4)の後部にリヤアクスルケース(7)を連設し、前記リヤアクスルケース(7)に水田走行用後輪(8)を支持させる。そして前記エンジン(2)等を覆うボンネット(9)両側に予備苗載台(10)を取付けると共に、乗降ステップ(11)を介して作業者が搭乗する車体カバー(12)によって前記ミッションケース(4)等を覆い、前記車体カバー(12)上部に運転席(13)を取付け、その運転席(13)の前方で前記ボンネット(9)後部に操向ハンドル(14)を設ける。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a passenger rice transplanter, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof. In FIG. 1, (1) is a traveling vehicle on which an operator is boarded, and an engine (2) is mounted on a body frame (3). A front axle case (5) is supported in front of the case (4) via a front axle case (5), and a rear axle case (7) is connected to the rear part of the transmission case (4) to connect the rear axle case ( 7) support the rear wheels (8) for paddy field travel. The spare seedling platforms (10) are attached to both sides of the bonnet (9) covering the engine (2) and the like, and the transmission case (4) is mounted by the vehicle body cover (12) on which the operator gets on via the getting-on / off step (11). ) And the like, and a driver's seat (13) is attached to the upper part of the vehicle body cover (12), and a steering handle (14) is provided at the rear of the bonnet (9) in front of the driver's seat (13).
また、図中(15)は6条植え用の苗載台(16)並びに複数の植付爪(17)などを具備する植付部であり、前高後低の合成樹脂製の前傾式苗載台(16)を下部レール(18)及びガイドレール(19)を介して植付ケース(20)に左右往復摺動自在に支持させると共に、一方向に等速回転させるロータリケース(21)を前記植付ケース(20)に支持させ、該ケース(21)の回転軸芯を中心に対称位置に一対の爪ケース(22)(22)を配設し、その爪ケース(22)(22)先端に植付爪(17)(17)を取付ける。また前記植付ケース(20)の前側にローリング支点軸(23)を介してヒッチブラケット(24)を設け、トップリンク(25)及びロワーリンク(26)を含む昇降リンク機構(27)を介して走行車(1)後側にヒッチブラケット(24)を連結させ、前記リンク機構(27)を介して植付部(15)を昇降させる油圧昇降シリンダ(28)をロワーリンク(26)に連結させ、前記前後輪(6)(8)を走行駆動して移動すると同時に、左右に往復摺動させる苗載台(16)から一株分の苗を植付爪(17)によって取出し、連続的に苗植え作業を行うように構成する。 Further, in the figure, (15) is a planting part having a seedling mount (16) for six-row planting and a plurality of planting claws (17), etc. A rotary case (21) for supporting the seedling stage (16) on the planting case (20) through the lower rail (18) and the guide rail (19) so as to be slidable to the left and right and rotating at a constant speed in one direction. Is supported by the planting case (20), and a pair of claw cases (22) and (22) are arranged at symmetrical positions around the rotational axis of the case (21). The claw cases (22) and (22) ) Attach the planting claws (17) and (17) to the tip. Further, a hitch bracket (24) is provided on the front side of the planting case (20) via a rolling fulcrum shaft (23), and a lifting link mechanism (27) including a top link (25) and a lower link (26) is provided. A hitch bracket (24) is connected to the rear side of the traveling vehicle (1), and a hydraulic lifting cylinder (28) for moving the planting part (15) up and down via the link mechanism (27) is connected to the lower link (26). The seedlings (17) are taken out by the planting claws (17) continuously from the seedling mounting base (16) that moves while driving the front and rear wheels (6) and (8). It is configured to perform seedling planting work.
また、図中(29)は主変速レバー、(30)は副変速レバーでもある植付レバー(上限設定手段)、(31)は感度設定器、(32)は主クラッチペダル、(33)(33)は左右ブレーキペダル、(34)は2条分均平用センタフロート、(35)は2条分均平用サイドフロート、(36)は6条用の側条施肥機である。 In the figure, (29) is a main shift lever, (30) is a planting lever (upper limit setting means) which is also an auxiliary shift lever, (31) is a sensitivity setting device, (32) is a main clutch pedal, and (33) ( 33) is a left and right brake pedal, (34) is a two-level leveling center float, (35) is a two-level leveling side float, and (36) is a six-level side fertilizer.
さらに、図3、図4に示す如く、前低後高(傾斜角約4度)に傾斜させる前記車体フレーム(3)前部上面に架台(37)…を一体固定させ、架台(37)…の上面に防振ゴム(38)…及びエンジン台(39)を介して前記エンジン(2)を上載させ、前記エンジン(2)の左側に燃料タンク(40)を、またエンジン(2)の右側にマフラー(41)を取付けると共に、車体フレーム(3)前端側略中央にバッテリ(43)を取付けている。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a gantry (37) is integrally fixed to the upper surface of the front portion of the vehicle body frame (3) which is inclined to a front low rear height (an inclination angle of about 4 degrees), and the gantry (37). The engine (2) is mounted on the upper surface of the engine (2) via an anti-vibration rubber (38) and an engine stand (39), a fuel tank (40) is mounted on the left side of the engine (2), and a right side of the engine (2) is mounted. A muffler (41) is attached to the vehicle body, and a battery (43) is attached to the vehicle frame (3) at the front center side.
またさらに、前記車体フレーム(3)にケース台(44)を一体固定させ、ケース台(44)にステアリングケース(45)を取付け、ハンドル筒体(46)に内挿させる操向ハンドル(14)のステアリング軸(14a)を、左右車体フレーム(3)(3)間の略中央でステアリングケース(45)上面に立設させると共に、ステアリングケース(45)下面に出力軸(47)を突設させ、左右の前輪(6)(6)を方向転換させる操向アーム(48)を前記出力軸(47)に取付けている。 Still further, a steering wheel (14) for fixing a case base (44) to the vehicle body frame (3), attaching a steering case (45) to the case base (44), and inserting the steering wheel into the handle cylinder (46). The steering shaft (14a) is erected on the upper surface of the steering case (45) at the approximate center between the left and right body frames (3) and (3), and the output shaft (47) is projected on the lower surface of the steering case (45). The steering arm (48) for changing the direction of the left and right front wheels (6) (6) is attached to the output shaft (47).
また、前記エンジン(2)下方のエンジン台(39)下側に、前後方向に略水平な円筒形の軸受体(49)を熔接固定させ、前記軸受体(49)にカウンタ軸(50)を挿通支持させ、軸受体(49)前方に突出させるカウンタ軸(50)前端にカウンタプーリ(51)を取付けると共に、左右車体フレーム(3)(3)間の略中央上方でエンジン(2)の前方にエンジン出力軸(52)を突設させ、該出力軸(52)に出力プーリ(53)を取付け、該出力プーリ(53)を前記カウンタプーリ(51)にVベルト(54)を介して連結させている。 A cylindrical bearing body (49) that is substantially horizontal in the front-rear direction is welded and fixed to the lower side of the engine base (39) below the engine (2), and a counter shaft (50) is attached to the bearing body (49). The counter pulley (51) is attached to the front end of the counter shaft (50) that is inserted and supported and protrudes forward of the bearing body (49), and the front of the engine (2) is positioned approximately at the upper center between the left and right body frames (3) and (3). The engine output shaft (52) is projected on the output shaft, the output pulley (53) is attached to the output shaft (52), and the output pulley (53) is connected to the counter pulley (51) via the V belt (54). I am letting.
さらに、前記車体フレーム(3)後端部にリヤアクスルケース(7)をボルト止め固定させ、前記リヤアクスルケース(7)前面にミッションケース(4)後面を連結固定させると共に、ミッションケース(4)の右側前面にクラッチケース(55)を一体形成し、クラッチケース(55)前面に無段ベルト変速ケース(56)右側後面を嵌合固定させ、また昇降シリンダ(28)を作動させる油圧ポンプ(57)をベルト変速ケース(56)の左側後面に固定させるもので、四角パイプ形の左右車体フレーム(3)(3)の間でこの上面よりも低位置に前記各ケース(4)(55)(56)及び油圧ポンプ(57)を吊下げ固定させ、ユニバーサルジョイント付き伝動軸(58)を前記カウンタ軸(50)後端とベルト変速ケース(56)間に設け、エンジン(2)出力をベルト変速ケース(56)に伝えると共に、フロントアクスルケース(5)とミッションケース(4)間に前輪伝動軸(59)を設け、ミッションケース(4)の変速出力を各アクスルケース(5)(7)を介して前後輪(6)(8)に伝えるように構成している。 Further, a rear axle case (7) is bolted and fixed to the rear end of the vehicle body frame (3), the rear surface of the transmission case (4) is connected and fixed to the front surface of the rear axle case (7), and the right side of the transmission case (4) A hydraulic pump (57) for integrally forming a clutch case (55) on the front surface, fitting and fixing the right rear surface of the continuously variable belt transmission case (56) on the front surface of the clutch case (55), and operating the lifting cylinder (28). The case (4) (55) (56) is fixed to the left rear surface of the belt transmission case (56), and is positioned lower than the upper surface between the right and left body frames (3) and (3) of the square pipe shape. And the hydraulic pump (57) is suspended and fixed, and the transmission shaft (58) with a universal joint is connected to the rear end of the counter shaft (50) and the belt transmission case (56). The transmission output of the engine (2) is transmitted to the belt transmission case (56), and the front wheel transmission shaft (59) is provided between the front axle case (5) and the transmission case (4), and the transmission output of the transmission case (4) is provided. Is transmitted to the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) through the axle cases (5) and (7).
図7に示す如く、電動式変速モータ(電動シリンダ)(60)の操作でもって巻付け径を変化させて変速比を無段階に変更する入出力プーリ(61)(62)及びVベルト(63)で構成する副変速部であるベルト式無段変速機構(64)をベルト変速ケース(56)に内設させ、クラッチペダル(32)によって断続操作する多板摩擦形乾式クラッチ(65)を前記クラッチケース(55)に内設させ、ベルト変速ケース(56)の出力軸(66)をミッションケース(4)の入力軸(67)に前記クラッチ(65)を介して連結させて、前記変速モータ(60)でもって副変速である植付作業速度を変速するように構成している。 As shown in FIG. 7, an input / output pulley (61) (62) and a V-belt (63) that change the gear ratio steplessly by changing the winding diameter by operating the electric transmission motor (electric cylinder) (60). The belt-type continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), which is a sub-transmission unit configured by the above-mentioned), is installed in the belt transmission case (56), and the multi-plate friction type dry clutch (65) that is intermittently operated by the clutch pedal (32) is The transmission motor is installed in the clutch case (55), and the output shaft (66) of the belt transmission case (56) is connected to the input shaft (67) of the transmission case (4) via the clutch (65). (60) Thus, the planting work speed, which is a sub-shift, is changed.
また、前記入力軸(67)に走行変速ギヤ機構(68)を介して走行出力軸(69)を連結させ、前後輪(6)(8)に前後輪伝動軸(59)(70)を介して前記走行出力軸(69)を連結させ、前後輪(6)(8)を駆動すると共に、前記入力軸(67)にPTO変速ギヤ機構(71)及び植付クラッチ(72)を介してPTO軸(73)を連結させ、PTO軸(73)を介して植付部(15)を駆動し、また変速ケース(4)近くでPTO軸(73)出力をスプロケット(74)により分岐して施肥機(36)を駆動するように構成している。なお(75)は前記昇降シリンダ(28)を作動する油圧ポンプである。また前記変速モータ(60)に換え電磁操作式油圧シリンダを用いて無段変速機構(64)の速比を変更させても良い。 A travel output shaft (69) is connected to the input shaft (67) via a travel transmission gear mechanism (68), and the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) are connected to front and rear wheel transmission shafts (59) and (70). The travel output shaft (69) is connected to drive the front and rear wheels (6) and (8), and the input shaft (67) is connected to the PTO via a PTO transmission gear mechanism (71) and a planting clutch (72). The shaft (73) is connected, the planting part (15) is driven via the PTO shaft (73), and the output of the PTO shaft (73) is branched by the sprocket (74) near the transmission case (4). The machine (36) is configured to be driven. Reference numeral (75) denotes a hydraulic pump that operates the elevating cylinder (28). The speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) may be changed by using an electromagnetically operated hydraulic cylinder instead of the transmission motor (60).
図5、図6に示す如く、前記変速モータ(60)は左右車体フレーム(3)の後部内側に略平行で前低後高に一体連結させる左右サブフレーム(76)の左サブフレーム(76)に取付けるもので、左サブフレーム(76)の固定ブラケット(77)に枢支軸(78)を介し変速モータ(60)の基端を上下動自在に取付けると共に、前記無段変速機構(64)を内設する変速ケース(56)前面の変速レバー(79)に連結リンク(80)・引上げアーム(81)を介して変速モータ(60)のモータ軸(60a)を連結させ、変速モータ(60)の駆動によるモータ軸(60a)の伸縮動作でもって変速レバー(79)を操作して無段変速機構(64)を変速させ速比を変更するように構成している。 As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the speed change motor (60) is substantially parallel to the inner side of the rear part of the left and right body frame (3) and is integrally connected to the front sub-rear frame and the left sub-frame (76). The base end of the transmission motor (60) is attached to the fixed bracket (77) of the left subframe (76) via the pivot shaft (78) so as to be movable up and down, and the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64). The motor shaft (60a) of the speed change motor (60) is connected to the speed change lever (79) on the front face of the speed change case (56) via the connecting link (80) and the pulling arm (81). ) Is operated to expand and contract the motor shaft (60a), and the speed change lever (79) is operated to shift the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) to change the speed ratio.
前記引上げアーム(81)は左車体フレーム(3)上に横軸(82)を介し中間部を揺動自在に枢支させ、一端側を前記モータ軸(60a)に、他端側を前記リンク(80)にそれぞれ連結させて、変速モータ(60)からの変速操作出力を変速レバー(79)に伝えると共に、左車体フレーム(3)に取付板(83)などを介し固設するポテンショメータ式速比センサ(84)のセンサアーム(85)と、前記引上げアーム(81)の検出軸(86)とを係合連結させて、前記変速モータ(60)によって引上げアーム(81)を揺動させて無段変速機構(64)を変速操作するときの速比を速比センサ(84)で検出するように構成している。 The pulling arm (81) pivotally supports an intermediate portion on the left body frame (3) via a horizontal shaft (82) so that the intermediate portion can swing freely. One end side is the motor shaft (60a) and the other end side is the link. (80) are connected to each other to transmit the shift operation output from the shift motor (60) to the shift lever (79), and to the left body frame (3) via a mounting plate (83) or the like. The sensor arm (85) of the ratio sensor (84) and the detection shaft (86) of the pulling arm (81) are engaged and connected, and the pulling arm (81) is swung by the speed change motor (60). The speed ratio sensor (84) detects the speed ratio when the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is shifted.
図4、図8に示す如く、前記右車体フレーム(3)より右外側でブレーキペダル(33)近傍にアクセル操作機材であるアクセルペダル(87)を配設して、該ペダル(87)のペダル軸(88)に固設するペダルアーム(89)と、エンジン(2)の燃料供給量制御を行うエンジン(2)のスロットル部(2a)とをアクセルワイヤ(90)を介し連動連結させると共に、ペダルアーム(89)先端に固設する検出軸(91)と右車体フレーム(3)側に固定するポテンショメータ式アクセルセンサ(92)のセンサアーム(93)とを係合連結させて、アクセルペダル(87)の踏込み操作量(エンジン回転数の増減速)をアクセルセンサ(92)でもって検出するように構成している。 As shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, an accelerator pedal (87) as an accelerator operating device is disposed near the brake pedal (33) on the right outside of the right body frame (3), and the pedal of the pedal (87) is arranged. The pedal arm (89) fixed to the shaft (88) and the throttle part (2a) of the engine (2) for controlling the fuel supply amount of the engine (2) are interlocked and connected via an accelerator wire (90), A detection shaft (91) fixed to the tip of the pedal arm (89) and a sensor arm (93) of a potentiometer type accelerator sensor (92) fixed to the right body frame (3) side are engaged and connected to each other. The stepping operation amount (increase / decrease in engine speed) of 87) is detected by the accelerator sensor (92).
また、運転席(13)の下方足元部に配設する増速ペダル(94)に、該ペダル(94)の増速操作を検出する増速スイッチ(95)を設けて、前記無段変速機構(64)の最低速時にあって、増速ペダル(94)が増速操作(スイッチ(95)がオン)されるとき中間速まで無段変速機構(64)を増速させるように構成している。 Further, a speed increasing switch (95) for detecting a speed increasing operation of the pedal (94) is provided on the speed increasing pedal (94) disposed at a lower foot portion of the driver seat (13), so that the continuously variable transmission mechanism is provided. When the speed increasing pedal (94) is operated to increase speed (switch (95) is turned on) at the lowest speed (64), the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is increased to an intermediate speed. Yes.
そして図9に示す如く、前記エンジン出力軸(52)の回転数を検出するピッチアップ型エンジン回転センサ(96)と、前記主クラッチペダル(32)の入切を検出する主クラッチスイッチ(97)と、前記植付クラッチ(72)の入切を検出する植付スイッチ(98)と、前記アクセルペダル(94)の操作に無段変速機構(64)を連動させる切換部材である連動スイッチ(99)(上限設定手段)と、前記植付レバー(30)による副変速位置を検出する変速位置センサ(100)(上限設定手段)と、前記速比センサ(84)及びアクセルセンサ(92)と、増速スイッチ(95)と、各種作業条件に応じ無段変速機構(64)の速比モード(A)(B)(C)より1つを選択するモード選択スイッチ(101)とをコントローラ(102)に接続させると共に、前記変速モータ(60)にリレー回路(103)を介してコントローラ(102)を接続させて、ペダル(87)操作によってエンジン回転数を変更するとき無段変速機構(64)の変速比もこれに応じて変更して、単一のペダル(87)操作でエンジン回転数と変速比の同時の変更を行うように構成している。 As shown in FIG. 9, a pitch-up engine rotation sensor (96) for detecting the rotation speed of the engine output shaft (52) and a main clutch switch (97) for detecting on / off of the main clutch pedal (32). A planting switch (98) for detecting on / off of the planting clutch (72), and an interlocking switch (99) which is a switching member for interlocking the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) with the operation of the accelerator pedal (94). ) (Upper limit setting means), a shift position sensor (100) (upper limit setting means) for detecting a sub shift position by the planting lever (30), the speed ratio sensor (84) and the accelerator sensor (92), The controller includes an acceleration switch (95) and a mode selection switch (101) for selecting one of the speed ratio modes (A), (B), and (C) of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) according to various working conditions. 102) and a controller (102) connected to the transmission motor (60) via a relay circuit (103) to change the engine speed by operating the pedal (87), the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) ) Is also changed accordingly, and the engine speed and the gear ratio are changed simultaneously by operating a single pedal (87).
本実施例は上記の如く構成するものにして、図10のフローチャートに示す如く、主クラッチスイッチ(97)がオフ(主クラッチが入)で植付スイッチ(98)がオン(植付クラッチ(72)が入)の植付作業中にあって、連動スイッチ(99)がオンで、アクセルペダル(87)が踏込み操作されてエンジン回転数が増大するときには、前記アクセルセンサ(92)の検出出力(エンジン回転数)に基づいて、図11に示す如き標準モード(A)・速度優先モード(B)(変速比を大とさせて速度を優先)・パワーモード(C)(変速比を小とさせて車軸トルクを確保)のうちから選定された1つのモード(A)或いは(B)或いは(C)からアクセルセンサ(92)の出力(V)に応じた目標の変速比(V1)が計算され、前記速比センサ(84)で検出される変速比(V2)と目標変速比(V1)との差(|V1−V2|)が不感帯(V0)以上のとき、この差(|V1−V2|)を不感帯(V0)に入れて|V1−V2|<V0とする変速モータ(60)の増減速制御が行われる。 This embodiment is configured as described above. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10, the main clutch switch (97) is off (main clutch is on) and the planting switch (98) is on (planting clutch (72). When the interlock switch (99) is on and the accelerator pedal (87) is depressed to increase the engine speed, the detected output of the accelerator sensor (92) ( Based on the engine speed), standard mode (A), speed priority mode (B) (priority is given by increasing the gear ratio), and power mode (C) (as shown in FIG. 11). The target gear ratio (V1) corresponding to the output (V) of the accelerator sensor (92) is calculated from one mode (A), (B), or (C) selected from the above (assuring axle torque). , The speed ratio sensor When the difference (| V1-V2 |) between the speed ratio (V2) detected by the driver (84) and the target speed ratio (V1) is equal to or greater than the dead band (V0), this difference (| V1-V2 |) is regarded as the dead band. (V0) is subjected to acceleration / deceleration control of the transmission motor (60) such that | V1-V2 | <V0.
また、この場合アクセルセンサ(93)出力の一定低回転域及び高回転域である一定区間(a)(b)の変速比は、最低速値(L)及び最高速値(H)を保持させるもので、例えばアクセルセンサ(92)出力の低回転側となるエンジン回転数の1700〜1900rpm間で変速比を最低速値(L)に保持させることによって、エンジン(2)による植付作業速度の所定以上の低下を防止して、エンジン(2)低回転域での馬力不足状態を解消させ、低回転域でエンジン回転数がばらついた場合でも変速比を最低速値(L)に確実に保持させて作業を安定させる。一方、アクセルセンサ(92)出力の高回転側となるエンジン回転数の3400〜3900rpm間で変速比を最高速値(H)に保持させることによって、使用頻度の高いエンジン(2)の高回転域で作業中に作業速度が頻繁に減速するなどした不都合を解消させて、安定した作業速度を確保して作業の高能率化を図る。そしてアクセルセンサ(92)出力によるエンジン回転数の中間回転域(c)(c=1900〜3400rpm)にあっては、アクセルセンサ(92)出力に応じて変速比を増速させて、アクセル操作に略比例させた作業速度感覚を得て作業操作性を良好とさせるものである。 Further, in this case, the speed ratio in the constant section (a) (b), which is the constant low rotation range and the high rotation range of the accelerator sensor (93), holds the minimum speed value (L) and the maximum speed value (H). For example, by maintaining the speed ratio at the minimum speed (L) between 1700 and 1900 rpm of the engine speed on the low speed side of the accelerator sensor (92) output, the planting work speed of the engine (2) is reduced. Prevents lowering than the specified value, eliminates the lack of horsepower in the engine (2) low speed range, and ensures that the gear ratio remains at the lowest speed (L) even when the engine speed varies in the low speed range. To stabilize the work. On the other hand, by maintaining the gear ratio at the highest speed (H) between the engine speeds of 3400 to 3900 rpm on the high speed side of the accelerator sensor (92) output, the high speed range of the frequently used engine (2) This eliminates the inconvenience that the work speed is frequently decelerated during work, and secures a stable work speed to improve work efficiency. In the intermediate engine speed range (c) (c = 1900 to 3400 rpm) of the engine speed output by the accelerator sensor (92), the speed ratio is increased according to the output of the accelerator sensor (92), and the accelerator operation is performed. The work operability is improved by obtaining a sense of work speed that is approximately proportional.
また、前記連動スイッチ(99)のオフ状態時には、前記植付レバー(30)の操作による変速位置センサ(100)の出力(V3)に対応する位置まで変速モータ(60)が駆動されて、植付レバー(30)で植付作業速度を適宜変速させての作業を行うものである。なお、前記植付レバー(30)は機械的手段によって植付クラッチ(72)の入切などを行うと共に、ポテンショメータなどを変速位置センサ(100)で植付レバー(30)の副変速位置を電気的に検出して植付作業速度を変速させるものである。 When the interlock switch (99) is in the OFF state, the transmission motor (60) is driven to a position corresponding to the output (V3) of the transmission position sensor (100) by the operation of the planting lever (30). The work is performed by appropriately changing the planting work speed with the attached lever (30). The planting lever (30) performs mechanical switching of the planting clutch (72) and mechanically adjusts the sub-shift position of the planting lever (30) with a shift position sensor (100). It detects automatically and shifts the planting work speed.
さらに、植付スイッチ(98)がオフの非植付作業時(後進・旋回・路上走行など)或いは主クラッチスイッチ(97)がオンの機体の走行停止時には、アクセルペダル(87)のアクセル操作に関係なく速比を最低速値(L)に保って後進や旋回作業を安定良好なものとさせると共に、機体停止よりの急発進を防止する。またさらに、圃場内や路上走行時の非植付作業中にあって、増速ペダル(94)が操作され増速スイッチ(95)がオンとなるときには、変速比を中間速(M)まで増速させて、これら作業のスピーディ化を図る。 Further, when the planting switch (98) is not planted (reverse, turning, traveling on the road, etc.) or when the main clutch switch (97) is stopped, the accelerator pedal (87) can be operated by the accelerator. Regardless of this, the speed ratio is kept at the minimum speed value (L) to make the reverse and turning operations stable and good, and prevent sudden start from stopping the aircraft. Further, when the speed increasing pedal (94) is operated and the speed increasing switch (95) is turned on during non-planting work in the field or on the road, the gear ratio is increased to the intermediate speed (M). To speed up these tasks.
なお、前述実施例においてはアクセルペダル(87)操作のみでエンジン回転数と無段変速機構(64)の変速比の連動した変更制御を行う構成を示したが、図2に示す如きアクセルレバー(104)でも同様に可能とさせるものである。またベルト式無段変速機構(64)に換え油圧式無段変速機構(HST)など何れの無段変速機構を用いても良い。 In the above-described embodiment, the configuration is shown in which the engine speed and the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) are controlled by operating the accelerator pedal (87) only. However, an accelerator lever (as shown in FIG. 104) is also possible in the same way. Any continuously variable transmission mechanism such as a hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (HST) may be used instead of the belt type continuously variable transmission mechanism (64).
以上実施例から明らかなように本発明は、エンジン(2)を搭載する走行車(1)と、エンジン(2)の回転を変速操作するアクセル操作部材(87)と、エンジン(2)からの回転を無段変速させて走行車の移動速度又は作業部の作業速度を変更する無段変速機構(64)とを備え、アクセル操作部材(87)の操作量に基づいて無段変速機構(64)の変速出力を制御するように構成した移動農機において、アクセル操作部材(87)の変速操作によって、エンジン(2)の回転数が所定以上の高回転域にあるときには、無段変速機構(64)の速比が初期設定された略一定の最高速値に保持されるように構成したものであるから、単一のアクセル操作部材(87)によってエンジン回転数と無段変速機構(64)の速比を変更して、操作性やフィーリング性(自動車感覚)を向上させると共に、エンジンの回転数が使用頻度の高い高回転域(b)にあるときには、無段変速機構(64)の変速比を、初期設定された略一定の最高速側に確実に保って、作業速度の安定化を図って作業能率を向上させることができるものである。 As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention includes a traveling vehicle (1) equipped with the engine (2), an accelerator operating member (87) for shifting the rotation of the engine (2), and the engine (2). A continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) that changes the moving speed of the traveling vehicle or the working speed of the working unit by continuously rotating the rotation, and the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) based on the operation amount of the accelerator operating member (87). In the mobile agricultural machine configured to control the shift output of), when the rotation speed of the engine (2) is in a high rotation range greater than or equal to a predetermined speed by the shift operation of the accelerator operation member (87), the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64 ) Is maintained at the initially set substantially constant maximum speed, so that the engine speed and the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) are controlled by a single accelerator operating member (87). Change the speed ratio and When the engine speed is in the high rotation range (b) where the engine is frequently used, the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is set to the initial set abbreviation. The work efficiency can be improved by reliably maintaining the constant maximum speed and stabilizing the work speed.
無段変速機構(64)の速比を変更する変速モータ(60)と、無段変速機構(64)の速比を検出する速比センサ(84)と、アクセル操作部材(87)の変速操作量を検出するアクセルセンサ(92)と、エンジン(2)の回転数を検出するエンジン回転センサ(96)とを設け、アクセル操作部材(87)の操作によって、エンジン(2)の回転数を変更させ、且つ無段変速機構(64)の変速比を変更させるように構成したものであるから、エンジン(2)の出力不足等を防止しながら、無段変速機構(64)を増速制御又は減速制御できる。前記アクセル操作部材(87)の増速又は減速操作性を向上できる。 A speed change motor (60) that changes the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), a speed ratio sensor (84) that detects the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), and a speed change operation of the accelerator operating member (87) An accelerator sensor (92) for detecting the amount and an engine rotation sensor (96) for detecting the rotation speed of the engine (2) are provided, and the rotation speed of the engine (2) is changed by operating the accelerator operation member (87). And the speed change ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is changed. Therefore, the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is controlled to increase in speed while preventing the engine (2) from being insufficiently output. Deceleration control is possible. The acceleration or deceleration operability of the accelerator operation member (87) can be improved.
(1) 走行車
(2) エンジン
(30) 植付レバー(副変速レバー、上限設定手段)
(64) 無段変速機構
(87) アクセルペダル(アクセル操作部材)
(92) アクセルセンサ
(99) 連動スイッチ(上限設定手段)
(100) 変速位置センサ(上限設定手段)
(a)(b) (エンジンの)回転域
(L)(H) (変速比の)最低速及び最高速値
(1) Traveling vehicle (2) Engine (30) Planting lever (sub-shift lever, upper limit setting means)
(64) continuously variable transmission mechanism (87) accelerator pedal (accelerator operating member)
(92) Accelerator sensor (99) Interlocking switch (upper limit setting means)
(100) Shift position sensor (upper limit setting means)
(A) (b) (Engine) Rotation range (L) (H) (Minimum gear ratio) Minimum speed and Maximum speed
Claims (1)
前記無段変速機構(64)の変速比に関する複数のモードを選択可能に備え、前記各モードを選択するモード選択スイッチ(101)を更に備え、
前記植付部(15)を駆動させる植付作業時に、前記操作部材(87)の操作に対応したエンジン回転数と前記モード選択スイッチ(101)で選択したモードとに基づき、前記無段変速機構(64)の変速比を増減速制御するように構成している、
田植機。 An engine (2) mounted on the traveling vehicle (1), a seedling stage (16) and a planting part (15) having a plurality of planting claws (17), and rotation from the engine (2) is continuously performed. A continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) that changes speed, controls the engine speed based on the operation amount of a single operating member (87), and controls the shift output of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), In the rice transplanter configured to control the moving speed of the traveling vehicle (1) and the working speed of the planting part (15) ,
Wherein the plurality of modes includes selectable related to changing the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) further comprises a mode selection switch for selecting the modes (101),
Based on the engine speed corresponding to the operation of the operation member (87) and the mode selected by the mode selection switch (101) during the planting operation for driving the planting section (15), the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is configured to increase / decrease the speed ratio.
Rice transplanter.
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JPS63303260A (en) * | 1987-05-30 | 1988-12-09 | Shimadzu Corp | Continuously variable transmission |
JP3306500B2 (en) * | 1993-11-15 | 2002-07-24 | ヤンマー農機株式会社 | Control device for field work machine |
JPH09137853A (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 1997-05-27 | Aqueous Res:Kk | Control device in continuously variable transmission for vehicle |
JP3409669B2 (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 2003-05-26 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Transmission control device for continuously variable transmission |
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