JP4480196B2 - Rice transplanter - Google Patents

Rice transplanter Download PDF

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JP4480196B2
JP4480196B2 JP04072499A JP4072499A JP4480196B2 JP 4480196 B2 JP4480196 B2 JP 4480196B2 JP 04072499 A JP04072499 A JP 04072499A JP 4072499 A JP4072499 A JP 4072499A JP 4480196 B2 JP4480196 B2 JP 4480196B2
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speed
engine
continuously variable
planting
transmission
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JP2000240787A (en
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悟 岡田
実 小山
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Yanmar Co Ltd
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Yanmar Co Ltd
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は例えば苗載台及び植付爪を備えて連続的に苗植作業を行う田植機に関する。
【0002】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
例えば田植機の作業速度の変更にあっては、エンジンで行うアクセル操作と、ミッションケースで行う主変速操作と、主変速の「植付」操作時に無段変速機構を作動させて行う副変速操作とがあり、植付作業中の植付作業速度の変更操作はアクセル操作と副変速操作の2系統によって通常行われているが、このような2系統による変速操作は操作が複雑で操作性が悪いという不都合がある。そこでアクセル操作と副変速操作とを1本化させて何れか一方で連動操作するようにした手段があるが、エンジンの回転を低速とさせる程無段変速機構の速比も比例的に低速側に変更させる構成の場合、エンジンの回転を低速とさせると植付作業速度が著しく低速となるなどして馬力不足状態となって、適正な植付作業が行えなくなる不都合があった。またエンジンの回転を高速とさせる程無段変速機構の速比も比例的に高速側に変更させる構成の場合、使用頻度の高いエンジンの高回転域で少しでもアクセル操作によってエンジン回転を変更すると、作業速度がその都度大きく変化するなどの不都合があった。
【0003】
また、機体旋回時などで機体の走行速度を低速とさせる必要のあるとき、このような連動構造の場合エンジンの回転も低速となって、エンジン出力による機体旋回力の充分な確保が行えないという不都合があった。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
したがって本発明は、エンジンを搭載した走行車と、苗載台と複数の植付爪とを有する植付部と、前記エンジンの回転を変速操作するアクセルペダルと、前記エンジンからの回転を無段変速させて作業速度を変更する無段変速機構と、走行変速ギヤ機構及びPTO変速ギヤ機構を配置したミッションケースと、前記無段変速機構の出力を変速する変速モータとを備え、前記アクセルペダルの足踏み操作量に基づき、走行車の移動速度と植付部の作業速度を制御するように構成した田植機において、前記アクセルペダルの足踏み操作によって、無段変速により低速側に変速することで、前記エンジンの回転数が所定低回転数以下になったときには、植付作業に必要な略一定の値に前記無段変速機構の速比が保持されるように構成して、単一のアクセル操作部材によってエンジン回転数と無段変速機構の速比を変更して、操作性やフィーリング性(自動車感覚)を向上させると共に、エンジンの低回転域での馬力不足を解消(エンストを低減)させ、低回転域でエンジン回転がばらついた場合でも無段変速機構の速比を最低速側に確実に保持させ、作業速度の安定化を図って作業能率を向上させるものである。
【0005】
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳述する。図1は乗用田植機の側面図、図2は同平面図を示し、図中(1)は作業者が搭乗する走行車であり、エンジン(2)を車体フレーム(3)に搭載させ、ミッションケース(4)前方にフロントアクスルケース(5)を介して水田走行用前輪(6)を支持させると共に、前記ミッションケース(4)の後部にリヤアクスルケース(7)を連設し、前記リヤアクスルケース(7)に水田走行用後輪(8)を支持させる。そして前記エンジン(2)等を覆うボンネット(9)両側に予備苗載台(10)を取付けると共に、乗降ステップ(11)を介して作業者が搭乗する車体カバー(12)によって前記ミッションケース(4)等を覆い、前記車体カバー(12)上部に運転席(13)を取付け、その運転席(13)の前方で前記ボンネット(9)後部に操向ハンドル(14)を設ける。
【0007】
また、図中(15)は6条植え用の苗載台(16)並びに複数の植付爪(17)などを具備する植付部であり、前高後低の合成樹脂製の前傾式苗載台(16)を下部レール(18)及びガイドレール(19)を介して植付ケース(20)に左右往復摺動自在に支持させると共に、一方向に等速回転させるロータリケース(21)を前記植付ケース(20)に支持させ、該ケース(21)の回転軸芯を中心に対称位置に一対の爪ケース(22)(22)を配設し、その爪ケース(22)(22)先端に植付爪(17)(17)を取付ける。また前記植付ケース(20)の前側にローリング支点軸(23)を介してヒッチブラケット(24)を設け、トップリンク(25)及びロワーリンク(26)を含む昇降リンク機構(27)を介して走行車(1)後側にヒッチブラケット(24)を連結させ、前記リンク機構(27)を介して植付部(15)を昇降させる油圧昇降シリンダ(28)をロワーリンク(26)に連結させ、前記前後輪(6)(8)を走行駆動して移動すると同時に、左右に往復摺動させる苗載台(16)から一株分の苗を植付爪(17)によって取出し、連続的に苗植え作業を行うように構成する。
【0008】
また、図中(29)は主変速レバー、(30)は副変速レバーでもある植付レバー、(31)は感度設定器、(32)は主クラッチペダル、(33)(33)は左右ブレーキペダル、(34)は2条分均平用センタフロート、(35)は2条分均平用サイドフロート、(36)は6条用の側条施肥機である。
【0009】
さらに、図3、図4に示す如く、前低後高(傾斜角約4度)に傾斜させる前記車体フレーム(3)前部上面に架台(37)…を一体固定させ、架台(37)…の上面に防振ゴム(38)…及びエンジン台(39)を介して前記エンジン(2)を上載させ、前記エンジン(2)の左側に燃料タンク(40)を、またエンジン(2)の右側にマフラー(41)を取付けると共に、車体フレーム(3)前端側略中央にバッテリ(43)を取付けている。
【0010】
またさらに、前記車体フレーム(3)にケース台(44)を一体固定させ、ケース台(44)にステアリングケース(45)を取付け、ハンドル筒体(46)に内挿させる操向ハンドル(14)のステアリング軸(14a)を、左右車体フレーム(3)(3)間の略中央でステアリングケース(45)上面に立設させると共に、ステアリングケース(45)下面に出力軸(47)を突設させ、左右の前輪(6)(6)を方向転換させる操向アーム(48)を前記出力軸(47)に取付けている。
【0011】
また、前記エンジン(2)下方のエンジン台(39)下側に、前後方向に略水平な円筒形の軸受体(49)を熔接固定させ、前記軸受体(49)にカウンタ軸(50)を挿通支持させ、軸受体(49)前方に突出させるカウンタ軸(50)前端にカウンタプーリ(51)を取付けると共に、左右車体フレーム(3)(3)間の略中央上方でエンジン(2)の前方にエンジン出力軸(52)を突設させ、該出力軸(52)に出力プーリ(53)を取付け、該出力プーリ(53)を前記カウンタプーリ(51)にVベルト(54)を介して連結させている。
【0012】
さらに、前記車体フレーム(3)後端部にリヤアクスルケース(7)をボルト止め固定させ、前記リヤアクスルケース(7)前面にミッションケース(4)後面を連結固定させると共に、ミッションケース(4)の右側前面にクラッチケース(55)を一体形成し、クラッチケース(55)前面に無段ベルト変速ケース(56)右側後面を嵌合固定させ、また昇降シリンダ(28)を作動させる油圧ポンプ(57)をベルト変速ケース(56)の左側後面に固定させるもので、四角パイプ形の左右車体フレーム(3)(3)の間でこの上面よりも低位置に前記各ケース(4)(55)(56)及び油圧ポンプ(57)を吊下げ固定させ、ユニバーサルジョイント付き伝動軸(58)を前記カウンタ軸(50)後端とベルト変速ケース(56)間に設け、エンジン(2)出力をベルト変速ケース(56)に伝えると共に、フロントアクスルケース(5)とミッションケース(4)間に前輪伝動軸(59)を設け、ミッションケース(4)の変速出力を各アクスルケース(5)(7)を介して前後輪(6)(8)に伝えるように構成している。
【0013】
図7に示す如く、電動式変速モータ(電動シリンダ)(60)の操作でもって巻付け径を変化させて変速比を無段階に変更する入出力プーリ(61)(62)及びVベルト(63)で構成する副変速部であるベルト式無段変速機構(64)をベルト変速ケース(56)に内設させ、クラッチペダル(32)によって断続操作する多板摩擦形乾式クラッチ(65)を前記クラッチケース(55)に内設させ、ベルト変速ケース(56)の出力軸(66)をミッションケース(4)の入力軸(67)に前記クラッチ(65)を介して連結させて、前記変速モータ(60)でもって副変速である植付作業速度を変速するように構成している。
【0014】
また、前記入力軸(67)に走行変速ギヤ機構(68)を介して走行出力軸(69)を連結させ、前後輪(6)(8)に前後輪伝動軸(59)(70)を介して前記走行出力軸(69)を連結させ、前後輪(6)(8)を駆動すると共に、前記入力軸(67)にPTO変速ギヤ機構(71)及び植付クラッチ(72)を介してPTO軸(73)を連結させ、PTO軸(73)を介して植付部(15)を駆動し、また変速ケース(4)近くでPTO軸(73)出力をスプロケット(74)により分岐して施肥機(36)を駆動するように構成している。なお(75)は前記昇降シリンダ(28)を作動する油圧ポンプである。また前記変速モータ(60)に換え電磁操作式油圧シリンダを用いて無段変速機構(64)の速比を変更させても良い。
【0015】
図5、図6に示す如く、前記変速モータ(60)は左右車体フレーム(3)の後部内側に略平行で前低後高に一体連結させる左右サブフレーム(76)の左サブフレーム(76)に取付けるもので、左サブフレーム(76)の固定ブラケット(77)に枢支軸(78)を介し変速モータ(60)の基端を上下動自在に取付けると共に、前記無段変速機構(64)を内設する変速ケース(56)前面の変速レバー(79)に連結リンク(80)・引上げアーム(81)を介して変速モータ(60)のモータ軸(60a)を連結させ、変速モータ(60)の駆動によるモータ軸(60a)の伸縮動作でもって変速レバー(79)を操作して無段変速機構(64)を変速させて速比(変速比)を変更するように構成している。
【0016】
前記引上げアーム(81)は左車体フレーム(3)上に横軸(82)を介し中間部を揺動自在に枢支させ、一端側を前記モータ軸(60a)に、他端側を前記リンク(80)にそれぞれ連結させて、変速モータ(60)からの変速操作出力を変速レバー(79)に伝えると共に、左車体フレーム(3)に取付板(83)などを介し固設するポテンショメータ式速比センサ(84)のセンサアーム(85)と、前記引上げアーム(81)の検出軸(86)とを係合連結させて、前記変速モータ(60)によって引上げアーム(81)を揺動させて無段変速機構(64)を変速操作するときの速比を速比センサ(84)で検出するように構成している。
【0017】
図4、図8に示す如く、前記右車体フレーム(3)より右外側でブレーキペダル(33)近傍にアクセル操作機材であるアクセルペダル(87)を配設して、該ペダル(87)のペダル軸(88)に固設するペダルアーム(89)と、エンジン(2)の燃料供給量制御を行うエンジン(2)のスロットル部(2a)とをアクセルワイヤ(90)を介し連動連結させると共に、ペダルアーム(89)先端に固設する検出軸(91)と右車体フレーム(3)側に固定するポテンショメータ式アクセルセンサ(92)のセンサアーム(93)とを係合連結させて、アクセルペダル(87)の踏込み操作量(エンジン回転数の増減速)をアクセルセンサ(92)でもって検出するように構成している。
【0018】
また、運転席(13)の下方足元部に配設する増速ペダル(94)に、該ペダル(94)の増速操作を検出する増速スイッチ(95)を設けて、前記無段変速機構(64)の最低速時にあって、増速ペダル(94)が増速操作(スイッチ(95)がオン)されるとき中間速まで無段変速機構(64)を増速させるように構成している。
【0019】
そして図9に示す如く、前記エンジン出力軸(52)の回転数を検出するピッチアップ型エンジン回転センサ(96)と、前記主クラッチペダル(32)の入切を検出する主クラッチスイッチ(97)と、前記植付クラッチ(72)の入切を検出する植付スイッチ(98)と、前記アクセルペダル(94)の操作に無段変速機構(64)を連動させる切換部材である連動スイッチ(99)と、前記植付レバー(30)による副変速位置を検出する変速位置センサ(100)と、前記速比及びアクセルセンサ(84)(92)と、増速スイッチ(95)と、各種作業条件に応じ無段変速機構(64)の速比モード(A)(B)(C)より1つを選択するモード選択スイッチ(101)とをコントローラ(102)に接続させると共に、前記変速モータ(60)にリレー回路(103)を介してコントローラ(102)を接続させて、ペダル(87)操作によってエンジン回転数を変更するとき無段変速機構(64)の速比もこれに応じて変更して、単一のペダル(87)操作でエンジン回転数と速比の同時の変更を行うように構成している。
【0020】
本実施例は上記の如く構成するものにして、図10のフローチャートに示す如く、主クラッチスイッチ(97)がオフ(主クラッチが入)で植付スイッチ(98)がオン(植付クラッチ(72)が入)の植付作業中にあって、連動スイッチ(99)がオンで、アクセルペダル(87)が踏込み操作されてエンジン回転数が増大するときには、前記アクセルセンサ(93)の検出出力(エンジン回転数)に基づいて、図11に示す如き標準モード(A)・速度優先モード(B)(速比を大とさせて速度を優先)・パワーモード(C)(速比を小とさせて車軸トルクを確保)のうちから選定された1つのモード(A)或いは(B)或いは(C)からアクセルセンサ(93)の出力(V)に応じた目標の速比(V1)が計算され、前記速比センサ(84)で検出される速比(V2)と目標速比(V1)との差(|V1−V2|)が不感帯(V0)以上のとき、この差(|V1−V2|)を不感帯(V0)に入れて|V1−V2|<V0とする変速モータ(60)の増減速制御が行われる。
【0021】
また、この場合アクセルセンサ(93)出力の一定低回転域及び高回転域である一定区間(a)(b)の速比は、最低速値(L)及び最高速値(H)を保持させるもので、例えばアクセルセンサ(93)出力の低回転側となるエンジン回転数の1700〜1900rpm間で速比を最低速値(L)に保持させることによって、エンジン(2)による植付作業速度の所定以上の低下を防止して、エンジン(2)低回転域での馬力不足状態を解消させ、低回転域でエンジン回転数がばらついた場合でも速比を最低速値(L)に確実に保持させて作業を安定させる。一方、アクセルセンサ(93)出力の高回転側となるエンジン回転数の3400〜3900rpm間で速比を最高速値(H)に保持させることによって、使用頻度の高いエンジン(2)の高回転域で作業中に作業速度が頻繁に減速するなどした不都合を解消させて、安定した作業速度を確保して作業の高能率化を図る。そしてアクセルセンサ(93)出力によるエンジン回転数の中間回転域(c)(c=1900〜3400rpm)にあっては、アクセルセンサ(93)出力に応じて速比を増速させて、アクセル操作に略比例させた作業速度感覚を得て作業操作性を良好とさせるものである。
【0022】
また、前記連動スイッチ(99)のオフ状態時には、前記植付レバー(30)の操作による変速位置センサ(100)の出力(V3)に対応する位置まで変速モータ(60)が駆動されて、植付レバー(30)で植付作業速度を適宜変速させての作業を行うものである。なお、前記植付レバー(30)は機械的手段によって植付クラッチ(72)の入切などを行うと共に、ポテンショメータなどを変速位置センサ(100)で植付レバー(30)の副変速位置を電気的に検出して植付作業速度を変速させるものである。
【0023】
さらに、植付スイッチ(98)がオフの非植付作業時(後進・旋回・路上走行など)或いは主クラッチスイッチ(97)がオンの機体の走行停止時には、アクセルペダル(87)のアクセル操作に関係なく速比を最低速値(L)に保って後進や旋回作業を安定良好なものとさせると共に、機体停止よりの急発進を防止する。
【0024】
またさらに、圃場内や路上走行時の非植付作業中にあって、増速ペダル(94)が操作され増速スイッチ(95)がオンとなるときには、速比を中間速(M)まで増速させて、これら作業のスピーディ化を図る。
【0025】
なお、前述実施例においてはアクセルペダル(87)操作のみでエンジン回転数と無段変速機構(64)の速比の連動した変更制御を行う構成を示したが、図2に示す如きアクセルレバー(104)でも同様に可能とさせるものである。またベルト式無段変速機構(64)に換え油圧式無段変速機構(HST)など何れの無段変速機構を用いても良い。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
以上実施例から明らかなように本発明は、エンジン(2)を搭載した走行車(1)と、苗載台(16)と複数の植付爪(17)とを有する植付部(15)と、エンジン(2)の回転を変速操作するアクセルペダル(87)と、エンジン(2)からの回転を無段変速させて作業速度を変更する無段変速機構(64)と、走行変速ギヤ機構(68)及びPTO変速ギヤ機構(71)を配置したミッションケース(4)と、無段変速機構(64)の出力を変速する変速モータ(60)とを備え、前記アクセルペダル(87)の足踏み操作量に基づき、走行車(1)の移動速度と植付部(15)の作業速度を制御するように構成した田植機において、前記アクセルペダル(87)の足踏み操作によって、無段変速により低速側に変速することで、前記エンジン(2)の回転数が所定低回転数以下になったときには、植付作業に必要な略一定の値に前記無段変速機構(64)の速比が保持されるように構成したものであるから、単一のアクセル操作部材(87)によってエンジン回転数と無段変速機構(64)の速比を変更して、操作性やフィーリング性(自動車感覚)を向上させると共に、エンジン(2)の低回転域(a)での馬力不足を解消(エンストを低減)させ、低回転域(a)でエンジン回転がばらついた場合でも無段変速機構(64)の速比を最低速側に確実に保持させ、作業速度の安定化を図って作業能率を向上させることができるものである。
【0027】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】田植機の全体側面図。
【図2】田植機の全体平面図。
【図3】走行車体の側面説明図。
【図4】走行車体の平面説明図。
【図5】変速ケース部の側面説明図。
【図6】変速モータ部の側面説明図。
【図7】ミッションケースの駆動系の説明図。
【図8】アクセルペダル部の説明図。
【図9】制御回路図。
【図10】フローチャート。
【図11】モード線図。
【符号の説明】
(2) エンジン
(64) 無段変速機構
(87) アクセルペダル(アクセル操作部材)
(a)(b) (エンジンの)回転域
(L)(H) (速比の)最低速及び最高速値
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to, for example, a rice transplanter that includes a seedling stage and a planting claw and performs seedling planting work continuously.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
For example, when changing the working speed of a rice transplanter, the accelerator operation performed by the engine, the main shift operation performed by the transmission case, and the sub-shift operation performed by operating the continuously variable transmission mechanism during the "planting" operation of the main shift The operation for changing the planting work speed during the planting work is normally performed by two systems of an accelerator operation and a sub-shift operation. However, such a two-system shift operation is complicated and easy to operate. There is inconvenience that it is bad. Therefore, there is a means to unify the accelerator operation and the sub-shift operation so that either one is linked and operated, but the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism is proportionally reduced as the engine speed is reduced. In the case of the configuration in which the engine is changed to a low speed, the planting work speed becomes extremely low when the engine speed is lowered, resulting in a shortage of horsepower, which makes it impossible to perform proper planting work. In addition, if the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism is changed proportionally to the high speed side as the engine speed increases, changing the engine speed by an accelerator operation even a little in the high rotation range of the frequently used engine, There were inconveniences such as the work speed changing greatly each time.
[0003]
In addition, when it is necessary to reduce the traveling speed of the aircraft, such as when the aircraft is turning, the engine speed is also reduced in the case of such an interlocking structure, and sufficient aircraft turning force cannot be secured by engine output. There was an inconvenience.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present invention provides a traveling vehicle equipped with an engine, a planting unit having a seedling table and a plurality of planting claws, an accelerator pedal for shifting the rotation of the engine, and continuously rotating from the engine. A continuously variable transmission mechanism for changing a work speed by shifting, a transmission case having a traveling transmission gear mechanism and a PTO transmission gear mechanism, and a transmission motor for shifting the output of the continuously variable transmission mechanism; In the rice transplanter configured to control the moving speed of the traveling vehicle and the working speed of the planting unit based on the stepping operation amount, the stepping operation of the accelerator pedal shifts to the low speed side by continuously variable transmission , sometimes the number of revolutions of the engine is equal to or less than the predetermined low rotation speed, configured to speed change ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism at a substantially constant value required for planting operation is held, single Change the speed change ratio of the engine speed and the continuously variable transmission mechanism by Kuseru operating member, thereby improving operability and feeling of a (car feeling), eliminating horsepower insufficient in the low speed range of the engine (the engine stall reduced) by the low speed region reliably is retained in the lowest speed side speed change ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism even when the variations in engine speed in, thereby improving the working efficiency to stabilize the working speed.
[0005]
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a passenger rice transplanter, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof. In FIG. 1, (1) is a traveling vehicle on which an operator is boarded, and an engine (2) is mounted on a body frame (3). A front axle case (5) is supported in front of the case (4) via a front axle case (5), and a rear axle case (7) is connected to the rear part of the transmission case (4), and the rear axle case ( 7) support the rear wheels (8) for paddy field travel. The spare seedling platforms (10) are attached to both sides of the bonnet (9) covering the engine (2) and the like, and the transmission case (4) is mounted by the vehicle body cover (12) on which the operator gets on via the getting-on / off step (11). ) And the like, and a driver's seat (13) is attached to the upper part of the vehicle body cover (12), and a steering handle (14) is provided at the rear of the bonnet (9) in front of the driver's seat (13).
[0007]
Further, in the figure, (15) is a planting part having a seedling mount (16) for six-row planting and a plurality of planting claws (17), etc. A rotary case (21) for supporting the seedling stage (16) on the planting case (20) through the lower rail (18) and the guide rail (19) so as to be slidable to the left and right and rotating at a constant speed in one direction. Is supported by the planting case (20), and a pair of claw cases (22) and (22) are arranged at symmetrical positions around the rotational axis of the case (21). The claw cases (22) and (22) ) Attach the planting claws (17) and (17) to the tip. Further, a hitch bracket (24) is provided on the front side of the planting case (20) via a rolling fulcrum shaft (23), and a lifting link mechanism (27) including a top link (25) and a lower link (26) is provided. A hitch bracket (24) is connected to the rear side of the traveling vehicle (1), and a hydraulic lifting cylinder (28) for moving the planting part (15) up and down via the link mechanism (27) is connected to the lower link (26). The seedlings (17) are taken out by the planting claws (17) continuously from the seedling mounting base (16) that moves while driving the front and rear wheels (6) and (8). It is configured to perform seedling planting work.
[0008]
In the figure, (29) is the main speed change lever, (30) is the planting lever that is also the sub speed change lever, (31) is the sensitivity setting device, (32) is the main clutch pedal, and (33) and (33) are the left and right brakes. Pedal, (34) is a two-level leveling center float, (35) is a two-level leveling side float, and (36) is a six-level side fertilizer.
[0009]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a gantry (37) is integrally fixed to the upper surface of the front portion of the vehicle body frame (3) which is inclined to a front low rear height (an inclination angle of about 4 degrees), and the gantry (37). The engine (2) is mounted on the upper surface of the engine (2) via an anti-vibration rubber (38) and an engine stand (39), a fuel tank (40) is mounted on the left side of the engine (2), and a right side of the engine (2) is mounted. A muffler (41) is attached to the vehicle body, and a battery (43) is attached to the vehicle frame (3) at the front center side.
[0010]
Still further, a steering wheel (14) for fixing a case base (44) to the vehicle body frame (3), attaching a steering case (45) to the case base (44), and inserting the steering wheel into the handle cylinder (46). The steering shaft (14a) is erected on the upper surface of the steering case (45) at the approximate center between the left and right body frames (3) and (3), and the output shaft (47) is projected on the lower surface of the steering case (45). The steering arm (48) for changing the direction of the left and right front wheels (6) (6) is attached to the output shaft (47).
[0011]
A cylindrical bearing body (49) that is substantially horizontal in the front-rear direction is welded and fixed to the lower side of the engine base (39) below the engine (2), and a counter shaft (50) is attached to the bearing body (49). The counter pulley (51) is attached to the front end of the counter shaft (50) that is inserted and supported and protrudes forward of the bearing body (49), and the front of the engine (2) is positioned approximately at the upper center between the left and right body frames (3) and (3). The engine output shaft (52) is projected on the output shaft, the output pulley (53) is attached to the output shaft (52), and the output pulley (53) is connected to the counter pulley (51) via the V belt (54). I am letting.
[0012]
Further, a rear axle case (7) is bolted and fixed to the rear end portion of the vehicle body frame (3), the rear surface of the transmission case (4) is connected and fixed to the front surface of the rear axle case (7), and the right side of the transmission case (4) is fixed. A hydraulic pump (57) for integrally forming a clutch case (55) on the front surface, fitting and fixing the right rear surface of the continuously variable belt transmission case (56) on the front surface of the clutch case (55), and operating the lifting cylinder (28). The case (4) (55) (56) is fixed to the left rear surface of the belt transmission case (56), and is positioned lower than the upper surface between the right and left body frames (3) and (3) of the square pipe shape. And the hydraulic pump (57) is suspended and fixed, and the transmission shaft (58) with a universal joint is connected to the rear end of the counter shaft (50) and the belt transmission case (56). The transmission output of the engine (2) is transmitted to the belt transmission case (56), and the front wheel transmission shaft (59) is provided between the front axle case (5) and the transmission case (4), and the transmission output of the transmission case (4) is provided. Is transmitted to the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) through the axle cases (5) and (7).
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 7, an input / output pulley (61) (62) and a V-belt (63) that change the gear ratio steplessly by changing the winding diameter by operating the electric transmission motor (electric cylinder) (60). The belt-type continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), which is a sub-transmission unit configured by the above-mentioned), is installed in the belt transmission case (56), and the multi-plate friction type dry clutch (65) that is intermittently operated by the clutch pedal (32) is The transmission motor is installed in the clutch case (55), and the output shaft (66) of the belt transmission case (56) is connected to the input shaft (67) of the transmission case (4) via the clutch (65). (60) Thus, the planting work speed, which is a sub-shift, is changed.
[0014]
A travel output shaft (69) is connected to the input shaft (67) via a travel transmission gear mechanism (68), and the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) are connected to front and rear wheel transmission shafts (59) and (70). The travel output shaft (69) is connected to drive the front and rear wheels (6) and (8), and the input shaft (67) is connected to the PTO via a PTO transmission gear mechanism (71) and a planting clutch (72). The shaft (73) is connected, the planting part (15) is driven via the PTO shaft (73), and the output of the PTO shaft (73) is branched by the sprocket (74) near the transmission case (4). The machine (36) is configured to be driven. Reference numeral (75) denotes a hydraulic pump that operates the elevating cylinder (28). The speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) may be changed by using an electromagnetically operated hydraulic cylinder instead of the transmission motor (60).
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the speed change motor (60) is substantially parallel to the inner side of the rear part of the left and right body frame (3) and is integrally connected to the front sub-rear frame and the left sub-frame (76). The base end of the transmission motor (60) is attached to the fixed bracket (77) of the left subframe (76) via the pivot shaft (78) so as to be movable up and down, and the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64). The motor shaft (60a) of the speed change motor (60) is connected to the speed change lever (79) on the front face of the speed change case (56) via the connecting link (80) and the pulling arm (81). ) Is operated to expand and contract the motor shaft (60a), and the speed change lever (79) is operated to shift the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) to change the speed ratio (speed ratio) .
[0016]
The pulling arm (81) pivotally supports an intermediate portion on the left body frame (3) via a horizontal shaft (82) so that the intermediate portion can swing freely. One end side is the motor shaft (60a) and the other end side is the link. (80) are connected to each other to transmit the shift operation output from the shift motor (60) to the shift lever (79), and to the left body frame (3) via a mounting plate (83) or the like. The sensor arm (85) of the ratio sensor (84) and the detection shaft (86) of the pulling arm (81) are engaged and connected, and the pulling arm (81) is swung by the speed change motor (60). The speed ratio sensor (84) detects the speed ratio when the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is shifted.
[0017]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, an accelerator pedal (87) as an accelerator operating device is disposed near the brake pedal (33) on the right outside of the right body frame (3), and the pedal of the pedal (87) is arranged. The pedal arm (89) fixed to the shaft (88) and the throttle part (2a) of the engine (2) for controlling the fuel supply amount of the engine (2) are interlocked and connected via an accelerator wire (90), A detection shaft (91) fixed to the tip of the pedal arm (89) and a sensor arm (93) of a potentiometer type accelerator sensor (92) fixed to the right body frame (3) side are engaged and connected to each other. The stepping operation amount (increase / decrease in engine speed) of 87) is detected by the accelerator sensor (92).
[0018]
Further, a speed increasing switch (95) for detecting a speed increasing operation of the pedal (94) is provided on the speed increasing pedal (94) disposed at a lower foot portion of the driver seat (13), so that the continuously variable transmission mechanism is provided. When the speed increasing pedal (94) is operated to increase speed (switch (95) is turned on) at the lowest speed (64), the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is increased to an intermediate speed. Yes.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 9, a pitch-up engine rotation sensor (96) for detecting the rotation speed of the engine output shaft (52) and a main clutch switch (97) for detecting on / off of the main clutch pedal (32). A planting switch (98) for detecting on / off of the planting clutch (72), and an interlocking switch (99) which is a switching member for interlocking the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) with the operation of the accelerator pedal (94). ), A shift position sensor (100) for detecting a sub shift position by the planting lever (30), the speed ratio and accelerator sensors (84) and (92), a speed increasing switch (95), and various working conditions And a mode selection switch (101) for selecting one of the speed ratio modes (A), (B), and (C) of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) in response to the controller (102). When the controller (102) is connected to the data (60) via the relay circuit (103) and the engine speed is changed by operating the pedal (87), the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is also in accordance with this. The engine speed and the speed ratio are simultaneously changed by operating a single pedal (87).
[0020]
This embodiment is configured as described above. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10, the main clutch switch (97) is off (main clutch is on) and the planting switch (98) is on (planting clutch (72). When the interlock switch (99) is on and the accelerator pedal (87) is depressed to increase the engine speed, the detected output of the accelerator sensor (93) ( Based on the engine speed), standard mode (A), speed priority mode (B) as shown in FIG. 11 (speed ratio is increased and speed is prioritized), power mode (C) (speed ratio is decreased) The target speed ratio (V1) corresponding to the output (V) of the accelerator sensor (93) is calculated from one mode (A), (B) or (C) selected from , The speed ratio sensor ( 4) When the difference (| V1−V2 |) between the speed ratio (V2) detected in 4) and the target speed ratio (V1) is equal to or greater than the dead zone (V0), the difference (| V1−V2 |) is set to the dead zone (V0). ), The acceleration / deceleration control of the transmission motor (60) is performed so that | V1-V2 | <V0.
[0021]
Further, in this case, the speed ratio between the constant low speed range (a) and high speed range (a) (b) of the accelerator sensor (93) output holds the minimum speed value (L) and the maximum speed value (H). For example, by maintaining the speed ratio at the minimum speed value (L) between 1700-1900 rpm of the engine speed on the low speed side of the accelerator sensor (93) output, the planting work speed of the engine (2) is reduced. Prevents a decrease beyond the specified level, eliminates the lack of horsepower in the engine (2) low speed range, and reliably maintains the speed ratio at the minimum speed (L) even if the engine speed varies in the low speed range. To stabilize the work. On the other hand, by maintaining the speed ratio at the maximum speed (H) between the engine speeds of 3400 to 3900 rpm on the high speed side of the accelerator sensor (93) output, the high speed range of the frequently used engine (2) This eliminates the inconvenience that the work speed is frequently decelerated during work, and secures a stable work speed to improve work efficiency. In the intermediate engine speed range (c) (c = 1900 to 3400 rpm) of the engine speed output by the accelerator sensor (93), the speed ratio is increased according to the output of the accelerator sensor (93), and the accelerator operation is performed. The work operability is improved by obtaining a sense of work speed that is approximately proportional.
[0022]
When the interlock switch (99) is in the OFF state, the transmission motor (60) is driven to a position corresponding to the output (V3) of the transmission position sensor (100) by the operation of the planting lever (30). The work is performed by appropriately changing the planting work speed with the attached lever (30). The planting lever (30) performs mechanical switching of the planting clutch (72) and mechanically adjusts the sub-shift position of the planting lever (30) with a shift position sensor (100). It detects automatically and shifts the planting work speed.
[0023]
Further, when the planting switch (98) is not planted (reverse, turning, traveling on the road, etc.) or when the main clutch switch (97) is stopped, the accelerator pedal (87) can be operated by the accelerator. Regardless of this, the speed ratio is kept at the minimum speed value (L) to make the reverse and turning operations stable and good, and prevent sudden start from stopping the aircraft.
[0024]
Furthermore, when the speed increasing pedal (94) is operated and the speed increasing switch (95) is turned on during non-planting work in the field or on the road, the speed ratio is increased to the intermediate speed (M). To speed up these tasks.
[0025]
In the above-described embodiment, a configuration is shown in which the engine speed and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) are controlled by operating the accelerator pedal (87) only. However, an accelerator lever (as shown in FIG. 104) is also possible in the same way. Any continuously variable transmission mechanism such as a hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (HST) may be used instead of the belt type continuously variable transmission mechanism (64).
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention is a planting part (15) having a traveling vehicle (1) equipped with an engine (2), a seedling stage (16) and a plurality of planting claws (17). An accelerator pedal (87) for shifting the rotation of the engine (2), a continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) for changing the working speed by continuously shifting the rotation from the engine (2), and a traveling transmission gear mechanism (68) and a transmission case (4) in which a PTO transmission gear mechanism (71) is arranged, and a transmission motor (60) that changes the output of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), and the accelerator pedal (87) is stepped on. In the rice transplanter configured to control the moving speed of the traveling vehicle (1) and the working speed of the planting portion (15) based on the operation amount, the stepping speed of the accelerator pedal (87) is reduced by the stepless speed change. by shifting to the side, the Sometimes rotational speed of the engine (2) is equal to or less than a predetermined low rotational speed, which speed change ratio of said substantially constant value required for planting work continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is configured to be retained since it is, by changing the speed change ratio of the engine speed by a single accelerator operation member (87) and the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), thereby improving operability and feeling of a (car feeling), the engine eliminating horsepower insufficient in the low speed region (a) of (2) was (engine stall reduction) is the lowest of the speed change ratio of the low speed region, even if the engine speed varies with (a) continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) It is possible to improve the work efficiency by reliably holding it on the high speed side and stabilizing the work speed.
[0027]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a rice transplanter.
FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of a rice transplanter.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory side view of a traveling vehicle body.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of a traveling vehicle body.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory side view of a transmission case part.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory side view of a transmission motor unit.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a drive system of a mission case.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an accelerator pedal unit.
FIG. 9 is a control circuit diagram.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart.
FIG. 11 is a mode diagram.
[Explanation of symbols]
(2) Engine (64) Continuously variable transmission mechanism (87) Accelerator pedal (accelerator operating member)
(A) (b) (Engine) range of rotation (L) (H) Minimum speed (of speed ratio) and maximum speed

Claims (1)

エンジンを搭載した走行車と、苗載台と複数の植付爪とを有する植付部と、前記エンジンの回転を変速操作するアクセルペダルと、前記エンジンからの回転を無段変速させて作業速度を変更する無段変速機構と、走行変速ギヤ機構及びPTO変速ギヤ機構を配置したミッションケースと、前記無段変速機構の出力を変速する変速モータとを備え、前記アクセルペダルの足踏み操作量に基づき、走行車の移動速度と植付部の作業速度を制御するように構成した田植機において、
前記アクセルペダルの足踏み操作によって、無段変速により低速側に変速することで、前記エンジンの回転数が所定低回転数以下になったときには、植付作業に必要な略一定の値に前記無段変速機構の速比が保持されるように構成したことを特徴とする田植機。
A traveling vehicle equipped with an engine, a planting part having a seedling table and a plurality of planting claws, an accelerator pedal for shifting the rotation of the engine, and a continuously variable speed of rotation from the engine A continuously variable transmission mechanism for changing the transmission, a transmission case in which a traveling transmission gear mechanism and a PTO transmission gear mechanism are arranged, and a transmission motor for changing the output of the continuously variable transmission mechanism, and based on a stepping operation amount of the accelerator pedal In the rice transplanter configured to control the moving speed of the traveling vehicle and the working speed of the planting part,
By stepping operation of the accelerator pedal, the continuously variable transmission by the shift to the low speed side, sometimes the rotational speed of the engine is equal to or lower than a predetermined low rotational speed, the continuously variable substantially constant value required for planting work rice transplanter, characterized in that the speed change ratio of the transmission mechanism is configured to be retained.
JP04072499A 1999-02-19 1999-02-19 Rice transplanter Expired - Fee Related JP4480196B2 (en)

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