JP2001128516A - Rice transplanter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rice transplanter in which the velocity ratio of a continuously variable speed mechanism for changing a work speed is controlled in interlock with axle operation members and which can prevent the quick start of the machine frame and so on to improve the operability and safety of the work. SOLUTION: This rice transplanter in which the velocity ratio of a continuously variable speed mechanism (64) for changing a work speed is controlled in interlock with an engine rotation speed (N) which can be changed with axle operation members (87), (94), characterized in that the interlocking control is cancelled to minimize the velocity ratio of the continuously variable speed mechanism (64), when a main clutch (65) is disconnected.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rice transplanter having, for example, a seedling mounting table and planting claws for continuously performing seedling planting operations.

[0002]

In order to change the working speed of a conventional rice transplanter, the accelerator operation performed by the engine, the main speed change operation performed by the transmission case, and the "planting" of the main speed change are performed.
There is a sub-shift operation performed by operating the continuously variable transmission mechanism at the time of operation, and the operation of changing the planting work speed during the planting operation is usually performed by two systems of the accelerator operation and the sub-shift operation. The shift operation by the two systems has the disadvantage that the operation is complicated and the operability is poor. Therefore, there is a means in which the accelerator operation and the sub-shift operation are integrated into one to perform an interlocking operation. However, the engine speed and the highest speed state of the continuously variable transmission mechanism by the highest speed operation of the accelerator or the sub-shift are provided. If the engine is stopped or the engine is stopped unexpectedly, or if the key switch is turned on next time while the main clutch is in the engaged state, there is a problem that the aircraft suddenly starts at the highest speed.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a rice transplanter in which the speed ratio of a continuously variable transmission mechanism for changing a working speed is interlocked based on an engine speed changed by an accelerator operating member. When the main clutch is disengaged, the interlocking control is released to reduce the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism to the minimum speed, and when the main clutch is disengaged, the planting work speed is reduced to the minimum speed, and the next time the main clutch is engaged. When the operation is resumed with the above-mentioned condition, it is possible to prevent the aircraft from suddenly starting, etc., thereby enabling a good planting operation.

Further, when the planting clutch is engaged and the engine speed drops by a certain value from the engine speed during the disengagement operation of the main clutch, the control is automatically returned to the interlocking control so that the engine with the main clutch disengaged does not receive a running load. When the running load is applied from the high rotation state and the engine speed decreases by a certain value, the operation is automatically returned to the interlocking control to improve the workability in shifting the working speed by a single accelerator operating member. is there.

Further, the automatic control is automatically returned to the interlocking control only when the planting clutch is engaged and the main clutch is engaged to prevent the automatic returning during turning of the body with a large running load with the planting clutch disengaged. The control is returned to the interlocking control only by lowering the engine speed during the planting operation by a certain value, thereby improving the accuracy of the speed control of the planting operation.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a riding rice transplanter, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same. In FIG. 1, (1) is a traveling vehicle on which an operator rides, and an engine (2) is mounted on a body frame (3). A front axle case (5) is supported in front of a case (4) via a front axle case (5), and a rear axle case (7) is connected to a rear portion of the transmission case (4). 7) Support the paddy field rear wheel (8). Then, a spare seedling mounting table (10) is mounted on both sides of the hood (9) covering the engine (2) and the like, and the step of getting on and off (1) is performed.
The transmission case (4) and the like are covered by a body cover (12) on which an operator rides via 1), and a driver's seat (13) is mounted on the upper part of the body cover (12), and the driver's seat (13) is located in front of the driver's seat (13). Then, a steering handle (14) is provided at the rear of the hood (9).

[0007] In the figure, reference numeral (15) denotes a planting portion provided with a seedling mounting table (16) for planting six rows and a plurality of planting claws (17). Forward tilting seedling platform (1
6) is supported on a planting case (20) via a lower rail (18) and a guide rail (19) so as to be reciprocally slidable right and left, and a rotary case (21) is rotated at a constant speed in one direction. A pair of claw cases (22) and (22) are supported at the case (20) and symmetrically positioned around the rotation axis of the case (21), and the claw case (22) is provided.
(22) Attach the planting claws (17) and (17) to the tip. A hitch bracket (24) is provided on the front side of the planting case (20) via a rolling fulcrum shaft (23), and a hitch bracket (27) including a top link (25) and a lower link (26) is provided. A hitch bracket (24) is connected to the rear side of the traveling vehicle (1), and the link mechanism (2)
7) A hydraulic lifting cylinder (28) for raising and lowering the planting section (15) is connected to the lower link (26), and the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) are driven and moved, and at the same time,
A seedling for one plant is taken out from a seedling mounting table (16) that is reciprocally slid left and right by a planting claw (17), and the seedling planting operation is continuously performed.

In the figure, (29) is a main shift lever, (3)
0) is a planting lever, (31) is a sensitivity setting device, (32) is a main clutch pedal, (33) and (33) are left and right brake pedals, (34) is a two-floor leveling center float, and (3)
5) is a side float for leveling two rows, and (36) is a side fertilizer for 6 rows.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the vehicle body frame (3) is tilted to a front low and rear high (a tilt angle of about 4 degrees).
The gantry (37) is fixed integrally on the front upper surface, and the gantry (3)
7) On the upper surface of the anti-vibration rubber (38) and the engine stand (3)
9) The engine (2) is mounted on the engine, and a fuel tank (40) is mounted on the left side of the engine (2), and a muffler (41) is mounted on the right side of the engine (2).
A battery (43) is mounted substantially at the center on the front end side of the body frame (3).

Further, a case base (44) is integrally fixed to the body frame (3), a steering case (45) is attached to the case base (44), and a handle cylinder (4) is mounted.
6) The steering shaft (14a) of the steering handle (14) to be inserted into the steering case (45) is set up on the upper surface of the steering case (45) substantially at the center between the left and right body frames (3) and (3). ) Output shaft (4
7), and a steering arm (48) for turning the left and right front wheels (6) and (6) is attached to the output shaft (47).

A substantially horizontal cylindrical bearing body (49) is welded and fixed to the lower side of the engine stand (39) below the engine (2), and a countershaft (49) is attached to the bearing body (49). The counter pulley (5) is provided at the front end of the counter shaft (50) for inserting and supporting the bearing body (49) forward.
1) Attach, and right and left body frames (3) (3)
An engine output shaft (52) protrudes in front of the engine (2) at substantially the upper center therebetween, and an output pulley (53) is attached to the output shaft (52). The output pulley (53) is connected to the counter pulley (53). 51) via a V-belt (54).

Further, a rear axle case (7) is bolted and fixed to the rear end of the vehicle body frame (3), and a transmission case (4) rear surface is connected and fixed to a front surface of the rear axle case (7). ), A clutch case (55) is integrally formed on the right front surface, a continuously variable belt transmission case (56) right rear surface is fitted and fixed to the front surface of the clutch case (55), and a hydraulic pump (actuated by a lifting cylinder (28)). 57) is fixed to the left rear surface of the belt transmission case (56), and the respective cases (4), (55) are located lower than the upper surface between the left and right body frames (3) (3) in the form of a square pipe. (56) and the hydraulic pump (57) are suspended and fixed, and the transmission shaft (58) with universal joint is connected to the counter shaft (5).
0) It is provided between the rear end and the belt transmission case (56) to transmit the output of the engine (2) to the belt transmission case (56), and between the front axle case (5) and the transmission case (4). ) Is provided to transmit the shift output of the transmission case (4) to the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) via the respective axle cases (5) and (7).

As shown in FIG. 7, an input / output pulley (61) (6) for changing a winding ratio steplessly by changing a winding diameter by operating an electric transmission motor (electric cylinder) (60).
2) and a belt-type continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), which is a sub-transmission portion composed of a V-belt (63), is connected to a belt transmission case (5).
6), a multi-disc friction dry main clutch (65) which is intermittently operated by a main clutch pedal (32) is installed in the clutch case (55), and an output shaft (66) of a belt transmission case (56). ) Is connected to the input shaft (67) of the transmission case (4) via the clutch (65) so that the speed change motor (60) is used to shift the planting work speed, which is the auxiliary speed. I have.

A traveling output shaft (69) is connected to the input shaft (67) via a traveling transmission gear mechanism (68).
The traveling output shaft (69) is connected to the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) via front and rear wheel transmission shafts (59) and (70) to drive the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) and to drive the input shaft ( 67) PTO transmission gear mechanism (71) and planting clutch (72)
The PTO shaft (73) is connected via the
3) to drive the planting part (15), and output the PTO shaft (73) near the transmission case (4) to the sprocket (7).
It is configured so that the fertilizer (36) is driven by branching at 4). (75) is the lifting cylinder (28)
Is a hydraulic pump that operates. The speed change motor (6)
0), the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) may be changed using an electromagnetically operated hydraulic cylinder. Further, the hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (HS) may be replaced with a belt type continuously variable transmission mechanism (64).
T) may be used.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the speed change motor (60) is substantially parallel to the inside of the rear portion of the left and right vehicle body frame (3) and is integrally connected to the front and rear rear heights (76).
To the left sub-frame (76) of the left sub-frame (76).
8) The base end of the transmission motor (60) is vertically movably mounted via the transmission gear (60), and the transmission link (80) is connected to the transmission lever (79) on the front surface of the transmission case (56) in which the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is provided. The motor shaft (60a) of the speed change motor (60) is connected via the pulling arm (81), and the speed change lever (79) is operated by the expansion and contraction operation of the motor shaft (60a) by the drive of the speed change motor (60). Continuously variable transmission mechanism (6
4) The speed ratio is changed to change the speed ratio.

The lifting arm (81) pivotally supports an intermediate portion on a left body frame (3) via a horizontal shaft (82) so as to be swingable, and has one end on the motor shaft (60a) and the other end. Are connected to the links (80), respectively, to transmit the shift operation output from the shift motor (60) to the shift lever (79) and to be fixed to the left body frame (3) via the mounting plate (83) and the like. Potentiometer type speed ratio sensor (8
4) The sensor arm (85) and the lifting arm (8)
1) is engaged with the detection shaft (86), and the pulling arm (81) is oscillated by the speed change motor (60) to change the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64). It is configured to detect by the ratio sensor (84).

As shown in FIGS. 2, 8, and 9, an accelerator pedal (87) serving as an accelerator operating member is disposed on the right outside of the right body frame (3) and near the brake pedal (33). A detection shaft (9) fixed to the tip of a pedal arm (89) fixed to the pedal shaft (88) of the pedal (87).
0) and a sensor arm (91) of a potentiometer type accelerator sensor (91) fixed to the right body frame (3) side.
a) is engaged so as to detect the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal (87) (increase / decrease in engine speed) by the accelerator sensor (91).

The engine (2) throttle section (2) reaches a position corresponding to the sensor value of the accelerator sensor (91).
The engine (92) driven by the accelerator motor (92) is driven by a pickup-type engine rotation sensor (93) that drives the accelerator motor (92) to control the throttle opening of a) and detects the number of revolutions of the engine output shaft (52). 2) When the actual engine speed (N) is detected, the speed change motor (60) is interlocked to the speed ratio position of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) set based on the actual engine speed (N). When the engine speed (N) is changed by the operation of the pedal (87), the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is also changed according to the engine speed (N), and the operation of the single pedal (87) is performed. The engine speed (N) and the speed ratio are simultaneously changed in conjunction with each other. An accelerator lever (94) provided on the right outside of the hood (9) also performs an interlocking change in the engine speed (N) and the speed ratio, similarly to the accelerator pedal (87).

Further, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 15, a mode switching means for switching the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) to the engine speed (N) to a high speed, a middle speed and a low speed mode. The operation lever (96), which is the operation member of the changeover switch (95), is moved to the steering handle (14).
Of the steering shaft (14a) between the wheel (14b) of the steering handle (14) and the upper panel surface (97a) of the operation column (97).
8) Removable lever base (1) via bolt (99)
00), the operation lever (96) is rotatably attached to the lever base (100) via the lever shaft (101), and the tip operation section (96a) of the operation lever (96) is connected to the handle (14). The operation lever (96) is rotated in the front-rear direction substantially horizontally about the lever shaft (101) by disposing the operation lever (96) in a range not to protrude outside the left outer surface of the hood (9). ), The mode is switched to the low-speed mode when the vehicle is in the rearward direction, to the medium-speed mode when the vehicle is substantially in the lateral direction, and to the high-speed mode when the vehicle is in the forward direction.

As shown in FIG. 10, the accelerator pedal (87) is provided so as to match the direction of rotation with the direction of the foot of the operator in the driver's seat (13). By tilting the direction of the pedal (87) to the left so that the direction of the foot matches the direction of the pedal (87), the operability of the pedal (87) is improved, and the brake pedal (33) and the accelerator pedal are improved. (8
7) and these pedals (33) (8)
It is configured to prevent the mistake in step 7).

As shown in FIG. 12, a first planting switch (102) installed near the planting lever (30) to detect the on / off of the planting clutch (72) by the lever (30). A second planting switch (103) installed near the planting clutch (72) to detect the on / off state of the clutch (72), and a main plant for detecting the on / off state of the main clutch pedal (32). A clutch switch (104), a mode changeover switch (95), and the accelerator motor (9);
2) a throttle sensor (106) for detecting a throttle opening of a throttle section (2a) controlled via a throttle arm (105) by driving, an accelerator sensor (91), a speed ratio sensor (84), An engine rotation sensor (94) is connected to a controller (107), and the transmission motor (60) and the accelerator motor (92) are connected to the panel surface (96a) via relay circuits (108) and (109). The controller (107) is connected to the control display lamp (110) provided in
The engine speed (N) and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) are simultaneously and simultaneously changed by operating a single pedal (87).

This embodiment is constructed as described above. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, after the engine (2) is driven, the first and second planting switches (102) (10)
3) The planting section (15) in which both of them are turned on is lowered and the planting clutch (72) is in the planting operation condition in which the main clutch (6) is turned on.
When 5) is ON, the engine speed (N2) is read and the engine (2) is driven at the proper engine speed (N2) (the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is the lowest). Constant engine speed (Na) from engine speed (N1) at high speed
When the engine (2) is driven at the higher rotation speed (N2), the low speed, medium speed or high speed mode selected by the mode changeover switch (95) (for example, high speed under normal conditions, running load is within a certain range) Alternatively, the optimum target speed ratio (V1) corresponding to the engine speed (N2) is calculated from the medium speed or the low speed when it is larger than the above.

When the difference (| V1-V2 |) between the actual speed ratio (V2) detected by the speed ratio sensor (84) and the target speed ratio (V1) is greater than the dead zone (V0). ,
Put this difference (| V1-V2 |) in the dead zone (V0) |
V1-V2 | <V0, the acceleration / deceleration control of the speed change motor (60) is performed, and the optimal speed for the field condition and the machine condition by the speed ratio according to the engine speed (N2) of the engine (2) driven at that time. The operation is performed at the planting operation speed.

In this case, in each of the low speed, medium speed, and high speed modes, the speed ratio of the low speed and high speed constant sections (a) and (b) of the engine speed (N) is set to the lowest speed (L) and the highest speed ( H), the low engine speed (N)
When the speed ratio is maintained at the minimum speed (L) in the constant section (a) of (N = 1700-2000 rpm), the planting operation speed on the low rotation speed side is prevented from lowering by a predetermined value or more, and the engine (2) ), The work speed is maintained at a substantially minimum speed by a speed ratio that maintains a constant value (L) even when the engine speed (N) fluctuates in the low speed range. It is intended to perform good low-speed work.

On the other hand, the engine speed (N) on the high speed side
When the speed ratio is maintained at the highest speed (H) in the constant section (b) of (N = 3500-3900 rpm), the frequency at which the working speed is reduced in the high rotation range of the frequently used engine (2) is reduced. It is intended to secure a stable work speed and to improve work efficiency.

In a certain section (c) (c = 2000-3500 rpm) which is an intermediate rotation range between the lowest speed section (a) and the highest speed section (b) of the engine speed (N), The speed ratio is changed to the high speed side in proportion to the engine speed (N), and the work speed is accelerated and proportional to the operation amount of the accelerator operation. It is to let.

During the interlocking control of the engine speed (N) and the speed ratio by the accelerator pedal (87) or the like, the main clutch switch (104) detects the disengagement state of the main clutch (65) by the main clutch pedal (32). In such a case, the speed ratio is reduced to the lowest speed to prevent a sudden start at the time of starting the body with the main clutch (65) being engaged next time. The engine speed (N1) detected during the disengagement of the main clutch (65) after the start of the aircraft with the main clutch (65) disengaged from the disengagement
Engine speed (N2) smaller than constant speed (Na)
When the engine speed (N) decreases to (N1−N2> Na), the deceleration control for minimizing the speed ratio by the main clutch (65) is released, and the control automatically returns to the interlocking control with the engine speed (N). Then, the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is increased to a target speed ratio corresponding to the engine speed (N2).

Even when the main clutch (65) is disengaged, the running load is not applied to the engine (2) when the main shift lever (29) is in the neutral position or when the running is stopped at the seedling splicing position. The rotation speed (N) does not decrease, and the engine speed automatically returns to the interlocking control due to the decrease in the engine rotation speed (N) due to the traveling load at the start of traveling. With clutch (72)
Is turned off, automatic recovery is not performed even if the engine speed (N) decreases by a certain value (Na).

As described above, the main clutch switch (10
4) When detecting the disengagement state of the main clutch (65), the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is controlled to the lowest speed at low speed, and the next time the vehicle starts moving with the main clutch (65) engaged. The engine speed (N) is reduced by a constant value (Na) from the engine speed (N1) during disengagement of the main clutch (65) after the vehicle travels with the main clutch (65) engaged with the main clutch (65) engaged.
When 2) decreases, the speed is returned to a speed ratio corresponding to the rotation speed (N2) to run at an appropriate planting speed.

In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is controlled to the minimum speed by the disengagement operation of the main clutch pedal (32) has been described. However, as shown in FIG. When the main clutch pedal (32) is disengaged, the rotation of the engine (2) may be set to be idling to reduce noise and improve the fuel consumption rate, and to prevent sudden start at the next start of the aircraft.

In the above embodiment, the operation of the accelerator pedal (87) and the accelerator lever (94) is detected by the accelerator sensor (91) to drive the accelerator motor (92). 87) and the accelerator lever (94) and the throttle section (2a) may be linked by an accelerator wire to directly adjust the throttle opening.

[0032]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a continuously variable transmission mechanism that changes the working speed based on the engine speed (N) changed by the accelerator operating members (87) and (94). In the rice transplanter wherein the speed ratio of (64) is interlocked, the interlocking control is canceled when the main clutch (65) is disengaged, and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is set to the lowest speed. From the main clutch (65)
At the time of off, the planting work speed is reduced to the minimum speed, and when the work is resumed with the main clutch (65) engaged next time, it is possible to prevent the aircraft from suddenly starting, etc., thereby enabling good planting work. You can do it.

Further, when the planting clutch (65) is engaged and the engine speed (N1) during the disengagement operation of the main clutch (65) drops by a certain value (Na), the operation is automatically returned to the interlocking control. Therefore, the engine (2) in which the traveling load is not applied to the engine (2) with the main clutch (65) disengaged
When the running load is applied from the high rotation state and the engine speed decreases by a constant value (Na), the operation is automatically returned to the interlocking control and the working speed is shifted by the single accelerator operating members (87) and (94). It is possible to improve the operability of the device.

Further, the automatic return to the interlocking control is performed only when the planting clutch (72) is engaged, so that the planting clutch (72) is disengaged and the vehicle automatically returns during turning with a large running load. In this case, it is possible to return to the interlocking control only by reducing the constant value (Na) of the engine speed (N) during the planting operation, thereby improving the accuracy of the speed control of the planting operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a rice transplanter.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the rice transplanter.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory side view of the traveling vehicle body.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of a traveling vehicle body.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory side view of a transmission case.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory side view of a transmission motor unit.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a drive system of a transmission case.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an accelerator pedal section.

FIG. 9 is a drive explanatory diagram of an accelerator unit and a continuously variable transmission mechanism.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a driving operation unit.

FIG. 11 is an explanation of an operation lever of a mode changeover switch.

FIG. 12 is a control circuit diagram.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart.

FIG. 14 is an output diagram showing a relationship between an engine speed and a speed ratio.

FIG. 15 is a mode diagram showing a relationship between an engine speed and a speed ratio.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (64) continuously variable transmission mechanism (65) main clutch (72) planting clutch (87) accelerator pedal (accelerator operating member) (94) accelerator lever (accelerator operating member) (N) engine speed (Na) constant value ( Constant engine speed)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rice transplanter in which a speed ratio of a continuously variable transmission mechanism for changing a working speed is interlockingly controlled based on an engine speed changed by an accelerator operation member. A rice transplanter characterized in that the control is released to set the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism to the lowest speed. 2. The rice planting plant according to claim 1, wherein when the planting clutch is engaged, the system automatically returns to the interlocking control when the engine speed drops by a certain value from the engine speed during the disengaging operation of the main clutch. Machine. 3. The rice transplanter according to claim 2, wherein the rice transplanter is automatically returned to the interlock control only when the planting clutch is engaged and the main clutch is engaged.