JPH0552238A - Vibration damping device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To develop the superior damping performance by eliminating the troubles of a variety of dampers without using an oil damper, frictional damper, hysteresis damper, etc. CONSTITUTION:A vibration attenuating device allows the kinetic energy generated in the case when a damped body 1 is shifted by a vibration input to be consumed and absorbs and suppresses the vibration of the damped body 1 by the energy loss. In this case, the damped body 1 arranged between the upper and lower part fixed bodies 10 and 11 is nipped by cylindrical rollers 8 and 9 through elastomers 2, 3, 5 and 7 from the upper and lower parts. Accordingly, when a variety of vibrations are inputted, each kinetic energy of the cylindrical rollers 8 and 9 is gradually consumed by the elastic deformation of the elastomers 2, 3, 5, and 7, when the cylindrical rollers 8 and 9 roll on the elastomers 2, 3, 5, and 7, and a variety of vibrations are attenuated by the energy loss.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vibration damping device, and more specifically, it consumes kinetic energy generated when a building or equipment moves due to vibration input such as earthquake, wind, traffic vibration, mechanical vibration, etc. The present invention relates to a vibration damping device that absorbs and suppresses vibrations of buildings and equipment due to the energy loss.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various types of vibration control devices such as seismic isolation devices are used to protect buildings and equipment from various vibrations such as earthquakes, winds, traffic vibrations and mechanical vibrations. For example,
When a vibration is generated, the seismic isolation device protects buildings and equipment by applying a resonance frequency that is sufficiently lower than the input frequency. At this time, the oil damper is used to damp that vibration. It is common to use a friction damper and a history damper together. The vibration damping device such as the oil damper, the friction damper, and the hysteresis damper may be used alone as a vibration suppressing device that absorbs kinetic energy due to the various vibrations described above, in addition to being used together with the above-described seismic isolation device.

[0003]

The oil damper, the friction damper, and the hysteresis damper used as the conventional vibration damping device described above have the following problems, respectively.

[0004] In an oil damper, the resistance changes with respect to changes in the ambient environment temperature in which it is used, due to the temperature dependence of the oil, so it is extremely difficult to adjust it.
Due to the cylinder structure, oil leaks were likely to occur and handling thereof was extremely inconvenient.

Further, the friction damper operates abruptly at the moment when the static friction changes to the dynamic friction due to the difference between the static friction and the dynamic friction, so that the operating state changes abruptly. Due to this abrupt change, the same state as when high-frequency vibration is input occurs, and there is a problem that higher-order vibration is likely to occur in the damper itself and its surroundings.

Further, since the hysteresis damper utilizes the plastic deformation of the material, it is difficult to obtain a large amount of the deformation. There has been a problem that problems such as changes are likely to occur.

Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the various dampers without using the oil damper, the friction damper, and the history damper described above. And to provide a vibration damping device capable of exhibiting good damping performance.

[0008]

The technical means for achieving the above object of the present invention is to consume the kinetic energy generated when the object to be damped moves due to the vibration input and to be damped with the energy loss. In a vibration damping device that suppresses vibrations of the body, the attenuating body arranged between the upper fixed body and the lower fixed body is sandwiched by rollers having a circular cross section from above and below via an elastomer.

It is desirable that the above-mentioned circular rollers having a circular cross section are juxtaposed in a plurality of rows, and all of the rollers have a uniform diameter along the axial direction. Further, some of the rollers are partially along the axial direction. It is even more desirable to have different sizes.

[0010]

In the vibration damping device according to the present invention, the damping object arranged between the upper fixed body and the lower fixed body is sandwiched between the upper and lower parts by the elastomer having the circular cross section, so that the earthquake When various types of vibration such as wind, traffic vibration, mechanical vibration, etc. are input, the roller with circular cross section rolls on the elastomer, causing viscoelastic deformation of the elastomer and the friction between the elastomer and the circular roller with cross section that occurs at the same time. Kinetic energy of the roller having a circular cross section is gradually consumed, and the various vibrations are attenuated by the energy loss. At this time, when the circular cross section roller starts rolling from a stationary state, first, the elastomer undergoes viscoelastic deformation and then the circular cross section roller rolls, so the initial motion is very smooth. Moreover, high-order vibration does not occur during its operation. Even if a higher-order vibration is input, the elastomer absorbs the vibration, so there is no problem. Also, because plastic deformation does not occur in the material,
Even if it is repeatedly used, the device will not be destroyed or the characteristics will not be greatly changed. As described above, since the conventional damper is not used, the problem can be solved. The rolling of the circular cross section roller, the viscoelastic deformation of the elastomer due to the rolling and the simultaneous occurrence of the elastomer and the circular cross section roller Good damping performance is achieved by friction with.

If the above-mentioned circular rollers having a circular cross section are juxtaposed in a plurality of rows, and all the rollers have a uniform diameter along the axial direction, when the circular roller having a circular cross section rolls, the elastomer and the circular roller having a circular cross section are rolled. The amount of kinetic energy that rolls by the friction of is consumed is energy loss. Furthermore, if some of the rollers have different diameters along the axial direction, the energy loss increases as the contact area between the rollers and the elastomer increases.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a vibration damping device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a vibration attenuating device for exhibiting a damping performance in a one-dimensional motion in the direction of the arrow X in the figure by stacking circular rollers having a circular cross-section, which will be described later, one above the other. Is. In this vibration damping device, (1) is an object to be damped [or a part thereof] such as buildings and equipment, and sheet-like elastomers (2) and (3) are attached to the upper and lower surfaces thereof. (4) is a flat plate-shaped upper weighting plate such as a steel plate that is arranged in parallel and facing above the body to be attenuated (1), and a sheet-shaped elastomer (5) is attached to the lower surface thereof. Reference numeral (6) is a flat lower loading plate such as a steel plate which is arranged in parallel below and facing the body to be damped (1), and like the upper loading plate (4), a sheet-like elastomer (7) is provided on the upper surface thereof. Affix. still,
Elastomers (2), (3), (5) and (7) are usually preferably compounds having a low compression set such as natural rubber, butadiene rubber, and silicone rubber, which have low temperature dependence, but other various rubbers depending on the use conditions. It may be a material or a resin material such as plastic. (8) and (9) are circular cross sections interposed between the upper weighted plate (4) and the attenuating body (1) and between the attenuating body (1) and the lower weighting plate (6), respectively. Each of the upper rollers (8) and the lower rollers (9) is arranged substantially parallel to each other, and the upper rollers (8) and the lower rollers (9) are cylindrical rollers (hereinafter referred to as upper and lower rollers). Are arranged so that the axial direction thereof is the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction in the drawing. The upper and lower rollers (8) and (9) may be made of any material as long as they can withstand a vertical load, such as metal, concrete, ceramics, hard plastic,
FRP and the like are preferred. Upper and lower rollers (8) (9)
Is an elastomer (5) (2) and (3) (7) between the upper weighted plate (4) and the attenuating body (1) and between the attenuating body (1) and the lower weighting plate (6). It is pinched via. The surfaces on which the upper and lower rollers (8) and (9) of the elastomers (5), (2) and (3) and (7) contact each other become rolling surfaces of the upper and lower rollers (8) and (9). (10) (11) is an upper and lower fixed body fixedly arranged at a predetermined position, and (12) is stretched between the upper fixed body (10) and the upper weight plate (4) along the vertical direction. With the upper spring, the upper weight plate (4) is pressed downward by the upper spring (12). (13)
Is a lower spring stretched between the lower fixed body (11) and the lower weight plate (6) along the vertical direction. The lower spring (13)
The lower weight plate (6) is pressed upward from below.
The elastic force of the upper and lower springs (12) and (13) causes the upper and lower rollers (8) and (9) to move to the elastomer (2).
(3) It sinks into (5) and (7) and a desired resistance is expressed. The resistance is determined by the distance between the upper fixed body (10) and the upper load plate (4), the distance between the lower fixed body (11) and the lower load plate (6), or the upper and lower springs (12). (13)
It can be adjusted by changing the spring constant of. Not only the springs described above, the same resistance is generated if the rollers sink into the elastomer.

In the vibration damping device having the above structure, when various vibrations such as an earthquake, wind, traffic vibration, mechanical vibration, etc. are generated, the vibration component in the X direction in the figure is input to the elastomer (2).
Upper and lower rollers (8) on (3) and (5) (7)
(9) rolls along the X direction. At this time, the upper and lower rollers (8) (9) are connected to the upper and lower springs (12) (13).
Since it is pressed from above and below by the elastic force of the elastomer, as described above, the elastomers (2) (3) and (5) (7)
Since it tries to move in a state of being sunk in the elastomer, viscoelastic deformation of the elastomers (2), (3) and (5) and (7) and elastomers (2), (3) and (5) and (7) that occur at the same time The frictional damping action is exerted on the rolling motion of the upper and lower rollers (8) and (9) by the resistance force generated by the friction between the upper and lower rollers (8) and (9). At this time, when the upper and lower rollers (8) and (9) start rolling from a stationary state, first, the elastomer (2)
Since (3), (5) and (7) are viscoelastically deformed, the upper and lower rollers (8) and (9) are rolled,
Its initial motion is very smooth, and high-order vibration does not occur during its operation. Even if high-order vibration is input, the elastomers (2) (3) and (5) (7)
Does not pose a problem because it absorbs the vibration. Also, the plastic deformation that occurs in the material is very small,
Even if it is repeatedly used, the device will not be destroyed or the characteristics will not be greatly changed. Furthermore, upper and lower rollers (8) (9)
Elastomers (2) (3) and (5) in the rolling direction of
(7) If the upper and lower weighting plates (4) and (6) are extended, there is no limitation due to vibration amplitude. As described above, the rolling of the upper and lower rollers (8) and (9), the viscoelastic deformation of the elastomers (2), (3) and (5) (7) accompanying this rolling, and the elastomer (2) which occurs at the same time. (3) and (5)
Due to friction between (7) and the upper and lower rollers (8) and (9), the vibration is damped due to energy loss, and the attenuated body (1) is quickly held in a stopped state. Although not shown, both the upper and lower weight plates (4) and (6) are fixed by a stopper mechanism or the like so as not to move in the X direction in the figure.

The above-mentioned elastomers (2), (3) and (5) (7) are arranged above and below the upper and lower rollers (8) and (9). Even if only one of them is used, the same damping performance as described above can be obtained.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 described above,
The vibration damping device in which the upper and lower rollers (8) and (9) are stacked one by one above and below the body (1) to be damped has been described.
In the present invention, the rollers may be stacked in two or more stages.

Next, an embodiment in which the rollers are stacked in two stages above and below the body to be attenuated (1) will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
The same or corresponding parts as those of the vibration damping device of FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and a duplicate description will be omitted.

In this vibration damping device, rollers (14) (15) [hereinafter referred to as the first part] are provided between the upper load plate (4) and the body to be damped (1).
And a second upper roller] are arranged in two stages, and a roller (16) is provided between the attenuating body (1) and the lower weight plate (6).
(17) The first and second lower rollers (hereinafter referred to as “first and second lower rollers”) are arranged in two stages, and a first upper roller (14), a second upper roller (15), and a first lower roller (16) are provided. Set the angle with the second lower roller (17) to 90 °. Further, the first upper roller (14), the second upper roller (15), and the first lower roller (1
Plate-like upper and lower intermediate weighting plates (18, 19) such as steel plates are interposed between the 6) and the second lower roller (17) so as to face each other in parallel. The upper and lower intermediate weight plates (18) (19)
Sheet-shaped elastomers (20), (21), (22) and (23) are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the first and second upper rollers (14).
(15) Form the rolling surfaces of the first and second lower rollers (16) (17).

In the above vibration damping device, the first and second upper rollers (14) and (15) and the first and second lower rollers (16) and (17) are vertically arranged above and below the body (1) to be damped. In addition to the vibration damping action in the X direction in the vibration damping device of FIGS. 1 and 2 described above, the vibration damping action in the Y direction is provided by the second upper and lower rollers (15) (17). It can be exerted, and vibrations in all directions can be quickly attenuated. Although not shown, both the upper and lower weight plates (4) and (6) are fixed by a stopper mechanism or the like so as not to move in the XY directions in the figure.

Here, the roller (8) in each embodiment
If (9), (14) to (17) are rotatably supported by connecting plates (24) for each step as shown in FIG. 5, rollers (8), (9), (14) to (8) It is preferable because the positional relationship of the individual rollers in 17) can be maintained, and the connecting plate (24) can be used as a weighting plate above or below the rollers (8) (9) (14) to (17). If connected slidably along the rolling direction,
Coro (8) (9) (14) ~ (1
It is preferable that the positional relationship of 7) can be maintained accurately and the durability performance can be improved. The connecting plate (24) is not always necessary.

Furthermore, when the above-mentioned elastomer is subjected to a vertical load for a long period of time, that portion will creep and a dent will occur. This phenomenon acts as a trigger when a vibration input is received, but when a large vibration input is received at the same time, the roller (8) [(9) (14) to (17)] falls into the recess due to the adjacent creep, Vertical vibration will occur. Therefore, in order to prevent this, as shown in FIG. 6, the arrangement pitch a of the rollers (8) [(9) (14) to (17)],
b, c, d and e are different [preferably a ≠ b ≠ c ≠ d ≠
e] may be set as follows. By doing so, it is possible to prevent all the rollers (8) [(9), (14) to (17)] from simultaneously falling into the dent due to creep.

Further, the roller (8) [(9) (14) to (1
It is also possible to prevent the vertical vibration due to the depression into the depression by tilting the arrangement direction of 7)] with respect to the rolling direction. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, it is necessary to make a pair of two rollers (indicated by (8a) and (8b) in the figure) that are inclined in the opposite direction to the rolling direction by the same angle, and more preferably Two pairs of two rollers (8a) and (8b) [shown as (8a) (8b) and (8c) (8d) in the figure] 1
By setting it as a set, good straightness and vibration damping (large resistance reaction force) can be obtained. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the two rollers (8a) and (8b) inclined in the opposite direction to the rolling direction by the same angle α are displaced in the rolling direction D
, The displacements Da and Db corresponding to the inclination angle α of the rollers (8a) and (8b) are generated in the opposite directions, but the rollers (8a) and (8b) are connected to the connecting plate (24). Since they are connected by [see FIG. 5], slippage occurs between the rollers (8a) and (8b) and the elastomer by the displacements Da and Db, and this acts as a damping force. The above-mentioned inclination angle α is 45 °
Although it is possible to some extent, 30 ° or less is preferable from the point that the resistance force is too large and the point that it is unstable. More practically, 10 ° or less is appropriate.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, all the rollers (8) [(9) (14)-(17)] have the uniform diameter along the axial direction. It is not necessary that all rollers (8) [(9) (14)-(17)] have a uniform diameter along the axial direction. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (c), some of the rollers (8) [(9) (14) to (17)] have different diameters partially along the axial direction. You may have.

Specifically, for example, when the diameters are made small and small in small increments along the axial direction as shown in FIG. 9 (a), as shown in FIG. 9 (b), along the axial direction. When the large-diameter portion (a) and the small-diameter portion (a) are alternately arranged with a predetermined width, the curved surface whose diameter continuously increases and decreases along the axial direction as shown in (c) of FIG. Large diameter part with
In some cases, and the small diameter portion (a) are arranged alternately. Such rollers (8) [(9) (14) ~ (1
7)], when a JIS A type elastomer having a hardness of 50 ° to 90 ° is used, and the diameter of the small diameter portion is φR, the diameter r of the large diameter portion is in the range of φR ≦ r ≦ φ1.12R. Preferably. Within this range, due to elastic deformation of the elastomer when the roller and the elastomer receive a load, the small-diameter portion of the roller also comes into complete contact with the elastomer to receive pressure.

The roller (8) [(9) (14) thus formed
In (17)], the contact area between the roller and the elastomer is larger than that of the one having a uniform diameter along the axial direction. That is, when the roller (8) [(9) (14) to (17)] rolls, the kinetic energy of the rolling of the roller is consumed due to the friction generated between the roller and the elastomer, resulting in energy loss. However, the energy loss increases as the contact area between the roller and the elastomer increases. Therefore, the energy attenuating property is increased, and a better attenuating performance can be obtained.

In the embodiment described above, the case where the cylindrical roller is used has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a circular cross section as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is used. It is also possible to use a conical roller.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is a vibration damping device which radially arranges conical rollers above and below the body to be damped to exhibit damping performance in the rotational direction. The same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals and redundant description will be given.

The difference in this embodiment is that conical upper and lower rollers (25) (26) are used instead of the cylindrical upper and lower rollers (8) (9) in the above-mentioned embodiment. Especially. Specifically, the upper and lower rollers (25) (26)
Have a tapered shape and are arranged so as to be connected radially in a horizontal plane. That is, the upper and lower rollers (25) (26)
It is rotatably supported in a radially arranged state by a large-diameter ring-shaped connecting plate (27) and a small-diameter ring-shaped connecting plate (28) arranged concentrically. Upper and lower rollers (25)
For the rolling surface of (26), conical and inverted conical weighting plates (29) and (30) are separately or integrally installed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the body to be damped (1), and the weighting plate (29) ( Elastomers (31) (32) are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of (30), and an inverted conical weighting plate (33) and a conical weighting are applied to the lower surface of the upper weighting plate (4) and the upper surface of the lower weighting plate (6). The plate (34) is installed separately or integrally, and the elastomer (35) (36) is attached to the lower and upper surfaces of the weighting plates (33) (34).

In this vibration damping device, when vibration in the horizontal rotation direction θ is input, the upper and lower rollers (25) (26)
Rolls on the elastomers (31) (32) and (35) (36) with the center point O of the roller arrangement as the center of rotation. At this time,
Similar to the above-mentioned embodiment, the upper and lower rollers (25)
Rolling of (26) and elastomer due to the rolling (31) (3
2) and (35) (36) due to viscoelastic deformation and simultaneously with the friction between the elastomers (31) (32) and (35) (36) and the upper and lower rollers (25) (26) Due to the resistance force, the vibration in the rotation direction θ is attenuated by energy loss, and the attenuated body (1) is quickly held in the stopped state. Although not shown, the upper and lower weight plates (4)
Both (6) and (6) are fixed by a stopper mechanism or the like so as not to move in the rotation direction θ.

Incidentally, as the conical roller in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, it is also possible to partially apply a roller having different diameters in the axial direction as described above.

[0031]

According to the vibration damping device of the present invention, the damping body disposed between the upper fixed body and the lower fixed body is
By sandwiching it from above and below with a roller with a circular cross section through an elastomer, when various vibrations are input, the circular roller with a circular cross section rolls on the elastomer, causing viscoelastic deformation of the elastomer and the elastomer and the cross section that occur at the same time. Friction with the circular roller gradually consumes the kinetic energy of the circular roller in cross section, and the various vibrations can be quickly attenuated by the energy loss. In this way, the initial movement of the circular cross section roller is very smooth,
High-order vibration does not occur during its operation, and even if high-order vibration is input, the elastomer absorbs the vibration, so there is no problem. Further, since the plastic deformation generated in the material is extremely small, the device will not be broken or the characteristics will not be greatly changed even if it is repeatedly used. As described above, since the conventional damper is not used, the problem can be solved. The rolling of the circular cross section roller, the viscoelastic deformation of the elastomer due to the rolling and the simultaneous occurrence of the elastomer and the circular cross section roller It is possible to provide a vibration damping device of great practical value that exhibits good damping performance due to friction with.

Further, if a circular roller having a circular cross section, which has different diameters in the axial direction, is partially used, the energy loss is increased due to an increase in the contact area between the roller and the elastomer, and the energy damping property is increased. The vibration damping device exhibits even better damping performance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a vibration damping device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a connecting plate supporting a roller having a circular cross section.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state in which the array pitch of circular cross-section rollers is different.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a state in which the array direction of circular cross-section rollers is tilted.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view showing a pair of circular cross-section rollers of FIG.

9 (a), (b) and (c) are enlarged plan views showing three specific examples of a circular roller having a circular cross section having different diameters in the axial direction.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Attenuated body 2 Elastomer 3 Elastomer 5 Elastomer 7 Elastomer 8 Circular cross section roller 9 Circular cross section roller 10 Upper fixed body 11 Lower fixed body

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A vibration damping device, which consumes kinetic energy generated when a body to be damped moves due to vibration input and suppresses vibration of the body to be dampened by the energy loss, and an upper fixed body and a lower fixed body. A vibration damping device characterized in that a body to be damped disposed between and is sandwiched by rollers having a circular cross section from above and below via an elastomer. 2. A vibration damping device, wherein the rollers having circular cross sections according to claim 1 are juxtaposed in a plurality of rows, and all the rollers have a uniform diameter along the axial direction. 3. A vibration damping device, wherein the rollers having circular cross-sections according to claim 1 are juxtaposed in a plurality of rows, and some of the rollers have different diameters along the axial direction.