JP3390316B2 - Damping mechanism and seismic isolation structure using the same - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a damping mechanism for suppressing the shaking of a structure and a seismic isolation structure using the damping mechanism.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an iron ball as a spherical body used in a seismic isolation device or the like is mainly used only as a support material and a bearing material for supporting an upper structure in a slippery manner. It depends on the damper installed in the.

For this reason, for example, when constructing a seismic isolation floor or the like, a certain level of floor height is required to dispose the dampers, and an existing building whose floor height has already been determined is to be used as a seismic isolation floor. It was impossible.

On the other hand, in the case where the entire building has a seismic isolation structure, iron balls are usually laid on the foundation concrete, and the supporting slab on which the building is constructed is slidably placed on the iron balls. Has become.

However, if the foundation concrete surface and the supporting slab surface are uneven, a gap is formed between the concrete surface and the supporting slab and the building cannot be stably supported. Further, since it is necessary to install a separate damper, the device becomes large in size and a certain space is required in the height direction.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In consideration of the facts described above, an object of the present invention is to construct a damping mechanism and a seismic isolation structure in a narrow space without providing a separate damper.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the damping plates are fixed to the facing surfaces of the moving members that can move relative to each other. The moving member sandwiches the sphere, and the portion of the damping plate corresponding to the sphere is compressed and deformed.

In this way, the spherical body and the damping plate are brought into surface contact by making the spherical body bite into the damping plate. here,
When the moving member relatively moves parallel to the surface due to vibration, etc.,
The sphere begins to roll between the moving members, and the damping plate is sheared and deformed by the surface friction between the sphere and the damping plate and the pressing force of the sphere, so that the damping force is exerted. Furthermore, since the frictional resistance with the damping plate when the sphere rolls also acts as a damping force at the same time, a high damping effect is exhibited by a combination of these.

By adjusting the magnitude of the compression force and increasing the frictional force between the sphere and the damping plate, it is possible to adjust the rolling resistance until the sphere begins to roll or the frictional resistance at the time of rolling. In addition, the damping plate can also be expected to have a vibration damping effect.

On the other hand, even if the moving member relatively moves in the direction in which the interval for holding the sphere is narrowed, the damping plate damps the vibration.

Further, the thickness and material of the damping plate (high damping rubber,
An ideal damping mechanism can be obtained by changing a metal with excellent plastic deformation such as natural rubber, viscoelastic body, lead, or ultra-low yield point steel to one that matches the vibration characteristics of the target structure. Can be built.

According to the second aspect of the invention, a rigid thin plate member is fixed to the surface of the damping plate, and the thin plate member and the sphere are in contact with each other. This thin plate material functions as a sealing material, and does not hinder the rotation of the sphere even if the damping plate is sticky due to heat, aging, or the like, or even if it is sticky at room temperature.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the sphere is placed on the damping plate fixed to the upper surface of the floor slab. The sphere supports a floor material having a damping plate fixed to the lower surface, and compresses and deforms the floor slab and the contact portion of the floor material with the damping plate. Further, the floor material and the pillar are connected by an elastic spring, and the position of the floor material is held.

As described above, the sphere functions as a support for supporting the floor material, and the floor slab and the damping plate fixed to the floor material shear-deform to function as a damper for damping vertical and horizontal vibrations. , Compared with the conventional base isolation floor structure, it can be installed in a narrow space. Therefore, of course, the new building can be applied to the existing building.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the holding plate is placed on the floor slab, and the holding plate has a plate thickness that does not contact the floor material. A holding portion is formed on the holding board, and a sphere supporting the floor material is surrounded.

As described above, by providing the holding plate, the spheres can be easily arranged, and when the floor material moves up and down, the spheres do not jump and the position does not shift.

Further, when the sphere begins to roll, it moves while pushing the holding portion. As a result, the holding disc moves together with the sphere, and frictional resistance is generated between the holding disc and the damping plate fixed to the floor slab, and a high damping effect is exhibited in combination with the damping effect of the damping plate itself.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the damping plate is fixed to the flat base surface, and the sphere is placed on the damping plate. The sphere supports a support slab on which a building is constructed on the upper surface and a damping plate is fixed on the lower surface. As a result, the contact portion of the damping plate with the sphere is compressed and deformed.

In this way, the spherical body serves as a support for supporting the building, and the damping plate functions as a damper for damping vertical and horizontal vibrations. Therefore, in comparison with the conventional seismic isolation structure,
Can be installed in a narrow space. In addition, even if there is some unevenness in the foundation surface and the support slab and unevenness occurs on the fixed damping plate, it compresses and deforms to clamp the sphere, so that
Compared with a structure in which iron balls are spread over each other, a stable structure can be obtained without forming a gap between the sphere and the foundation surface or supporting slab.

[0020]

1 and 2 show a seismic isolation floor structure using a damping mechanism according to the first embodiment. In this seismic isolation floor structure, a panel-shaped damping plate 11 (high damping rubber, natural rubber, viscoelastic body, lead, or extremely low yield point steel) is provided on the upper surface of a floor slab 12 made of concrete, etc. Is formed of a metal or the like having excellent plastic deformation). On the damping plate 11, a spherical body 14 made of iron or hard plastic is used as a spherical body.
Are laid out at predetermined intervals.

On the sphere 14, a heavy damping member such as a concrete plate is formed, and a panel-like damping plate 1 is formed on the lower surface.
The double flooring 16 on which 3 (formed by high damping rubber, natural rubber, viscoelastic body, lead, or metal having excellent plastic deformation such as extremely low yield point steel) is stuck is placed. To be done. As a result, the spherical body 14 is sandwiched between the damping plates 11 and 13, and the load of the double floor member 16 compresses and deforms the contact portion with the damping plates 11 and 13 to make surface contact.

The periphery of the double flooring 16 has one end at the pillar 1.
It is connected to the elastic spring 18 fixed to 0, and the restoring force of the elastic spring 18 holds the set position of the double floor member 16.

Next, the operation of the base isolation floor structure will be described.

In the state shown in FIG. 1, when the floor slab 12 moves to the left due to an earthquake or the like, the double floor material 16 relatively moves to the right as shown in FIG.
4 starts rolling to the right between the floor slab 12 and the double flooring 16. At this time, the damping plates 11 and 13 compressed and deformed by the sphere 14 have a surface friction force with the sphere 14 and the sphere 14
Since it is sheared and deformed by the pressing force of the damping force, the damping force is exerted, and further, the damping plates 11 and 13 when the sphere 14 rolls.
Since the frictional resistance between and also acts as a damping force at the same time, a high damping effect is exhibited by a combination of these.

On the other hand, even if the floor slab 12 vibrates in the vertical direction, the damping plates 11 and 13 undergo shear deformation to damp the vibration. Furthermore, the damping mechanism described above not only prevents earthquakes, but also eliminates traffic vibration obstacles (resonances caused by the natural period of the building), and also causes children on the upper floor to bounce off and thus the solid propagating sound transmitted to the lower floor. You can also mute it.

The magnitude of the compressive force applied to the damping plates 11 and 13 is changed by adjusting the weight of the double floor material 16 to increase the frictional force with the spherical body 14,
It is also possible to adjust the rolling resistance and the frictional resistance when rolling until the ball 14 starts rolling.

Further, in the present embodiment, the position of the double floor member 16 is held by the restoring force of the elastic spring 18, but as shown in FIG. You may make it return to the position of.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the opposing surface of the floor slab 12 and the raised floor member 16 to the flat, as shown in FIG. 4, the damping plate 1 to form a groove 152, 154 of the conical
Grooves 1 and 13 may be provided so that the sphere 14 returns to the most stable position when the vibration ends. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 , a concave portion 156 having a predetermined curvature is formed.
The convex portion 158 may be formed so that the spherical body 14 returns to the original position. Next, the damping mechanism according to the second embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the second form, as in the first form, it is applied to a base-isolated floor structure, and basically the same as in the first form, but on the floor slab 12. Holding plate 2
The difference is that 0 is placed.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the holding plate 20 is a plate material formed of hard plastic, lightweight concrete, a PC plate or the like, and is designed to have a plate thickness that does not contact the double floor material 16. . In addition, the holding plate 20 is formed with circular holding portions 22 that penetrate the upper and lower surfaces at predetermined intervals. The inner diameter of the holding portion 22 is larger than the outer diameter of the spherical body 14, and the spherical body 14 is surrounded in a non-contact state. By this, when the sphere 14 begins to roll,
It is designed to hit the holding portion 22 for the first time.

By arranging the holding plate 20 in this way, the laying work of the spheres 14 becomes easy, and
When the double flooring 16 vibrates up and down, the sphere 14 does not bounce and shift its position.

Next, the operation of the second mode will be described.

The basic function is similar to that of the first embodiment,
In this embodiment, when the sphere 14 starts rolling, it moves while pushing the holding portion 22, so that frictional resistance is generated between the holding plate 20 and the floor slab 12, which is high in combination with the damping action of the damping plates 11 and 13. Exhibits a damping effect.

In the present embodiment, the inner peripheral wall of the holding portion 22 is directly raised, but it may be opened so that the bottom portion 160A is widened like the holding portion 160 shown in FIG.
As a result, the spherical body 14 sneaks into the lower surface of the holding plate 20 and undergoes large shear deformation. Further, in the holding portion 162 shown in FIG. 10, since the top portion is expanded and contracted so as to wrap the sphere 14, the sphere 14 does not jump out of the holding portion 162.

Further, the damping mechanism of the present invention is not limited to the seismic isolation floor, and as shown in FIG. 11, a spherical body is provided between the waist wall 164 and the hanging wall 166 provided in one frame 162 and the pillar 10. It is also possible to sandwich the frame 14 and to dampen the frame 162.

Next, the seismic isolation structure according to the third embodiment will be described.

In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, a thin plate member 15 made of iron is fixed to the damping plates 11 and 13, and the spherical body 14 is sandwiched between the thin plate members 15. This thin plate material 15 functions as a sealing material, and whether the damping plates 11 and 13 are sticky due to heat or the like, or whether the damping plates 11 and 13 are sticky at room temperature, Does not hinder rotation.

Next, the seismic isolation structure according to the fourth embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 13, a panel-shaped damping plate 1 is provided on a foundation surface 24 on which concrete is poured and leveled.
7 is stuck. On the damping plate 17, the spheres 14 are laid out. A supporting slab 26 having a damping plate 19 attached to the lower surface is placed on the sphere 14, and a detached building 28 is mounted on the supporting slab 26.
Is being built. The damping plates 17 and 19 are compressed and deformed in such a manner that the sphere 14 bites into them.

As a result, the sphere 14 functions as a support for supporting the building 28, and the damping plates 17 and 19 are sheared and deformed to function as a damper that damps vertical and horizontal vibrations. Therefore, compared to the conventional seismic isolation structure, it can be installed in a narrow space.

Further, even if the foundation surface 24 or the support slab 26 is slightly uneven, the damping plates 17 and 19 are compressed and deformed and abut against the spherical body 14, so that no gap is generated.
It has a stable structure.

A damping device using laminated rubber, which is generally applied to a seismic isolation structure, does not function unless a certain load or more per unit area is applied.

For this reason, in the case of an ordinary detached house, it is difficult to provide a seismic isolation structure because of its light weight. However, if the seismic isolation structure of this embodiment is applied, a spherical body can be used depending on the weight of the building. An ideal seismic isolation structure can be obtained by changing the sphere diameter and the number of spheres, and the material and thickness of the damping plate.

Further, as shown in FIG.
(See FIG. 8) is placed on the damping plate 17 and
A frictional resistance may be generated between and. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the damping plate 2 is provided on the upper surface of the foundation surface 36.
If the damping plate 23 is attached to the lower surface of the slab 30 and the balls 34 formed of iron or hard plastic are sandwiched between them, the high-rise building 32 and the like can be easily constructed as a seismic isolation structure.

[0045]

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, it is possible to construct a damping mechanism and a seismic isolation structure in a narrow space without providing a separate damper.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a base isolation floor structure including a damping mechanism according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a base isolation floor structure including a damping mechanism according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the base-isolated floor structure including the damping mechanism according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a modified example of a floor slab and a double floor material.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the floor slab and the double floor material.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a base isolation floor structure including a damping mechanism according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a base isolation floor structure including a damping mechanism according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a holding plate used in a base-isolated floor structure including a damping mechanism according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a modified example of a holding plate.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the holding plate.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which a damping mechanism is configured between a waist wall and a hanging wall and a column.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a base isolation floor structure including a damping mechanism according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 13 is an elevation view showing an example in which the seismic isolation structure according to the fourth mode is applied to a single-family building.

FIG. 14 is an elevational view showing an example in which a holding plate is used in the seismic isolation structure according to the fourth embodiment and applied to a single-family building.

FIG. 15 is an elevation view showing an example in which the seismic isolation structure according to the fourth mode is applied to a high-rise building.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 Attenuation plate 12 floor slab (moving member) 13 Attenuation plate 14 spheres 15 Thin plate material 16 Double floor material (floor material, moving member) 17 Attenuation plate 18 Elastic spring (holding member) 19 Attenuation plate 20 holding board 21 Attenuation plate 22 Holder 23 Attenuation plate 24 Foundation 26 Support Slab 28 building 34 sphere

Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-4-136543 (JP, A) JP-A-49-97422 (JP, A) JP-A-7-238989 (JP, A) JP-A-9-296627 (JP , A) JP 5-52238 (JP, A) JP 5-52239 (JP, A) Actual flat 4-94033 (JP, U) Actual flat 5-24823 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E04H 9/02 331 E04B 1/36 F16F 15/04

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A moving member which is movable relative to each other and has damping plates fixed to opposite surfaces thereof, and a sphere which is clamped by the moving member and starts rolling when the moving body moves relative to each other and which compressively deforms the damping plate. A damping mechanism comprising: 2. The damping mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a rigid thin plate member is fixed to the surface of the damping plate, and the sphere is sandwiched between the thin plate members. 3. The damping mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the spherical body is mounted on the damping plate fixed to a floor slab, and the spherical body is fixed to the lower surface of the floor material. Is supported, and an elastic spring for connecting the floor material and the pillar to hold the position of the floor material is provided. 4. A holding plate having a plate thickness that is placed on the floor slab and is in a non-contact state with the floor material, and penetrates the holding plate.
The seismic isolation structure according to claim 3, further comprising: a holding portion that is formed by surrounding the sphere. 5. The damping mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the sphere is placed on the damping plate fixed to a foundation surface of a building, and the sphere is fixed to a lower surface of a support slab. A seismic isolation structure in which a damping plate is supported and a building is constructed on the support slab.