JPH05503485A - container - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] support The present invention provides containers and methods for making containers suitable for safely disposing of hazardous residues. Regarding the law.

Thermoplastic containers are generally known. The regular container has a removable inner liner. has a ning. European Patent No. 18209 is for packaging and flexible A method of manufacturing a package with a side liner is disclosed. Contents of inner liner Objects are ejected by the positive and negative pressure applied between the outer support and the inner liner. Ru. The inner liner can then be removed.

Soluble films are also known in many different technical fields. In recent years, that Eel film is used, for example, in the laundry industry, where the entire drug package or package is A drug package was provided in which the film was completely dissolved. In this way, use Persons shall not come into contact with contained drugs. An example is U.S. Patent No. 4.765. No. 916 and European Patent No. 011502.

A disadvantage of cartridges with more toxic drugs is that the film is more susceptible to tearing. this problem One idea to solve this problem is to hang the medicine packets in a rigid container so that they are not damaged. The entire container is poured into the fluid from the container. Such equipment is available in Europe It is described in Japanese Patent No. 347219. However, this device also has drawbacks. have

It does not completely eliminate the risk of leakage into the container during transport, and This increases this risk.

In addition, the user may attempt to remove the drug package from the container, especially if it touches the cutout during use. Therefore, if it is suspended, it will break.

The need for safe disposal of chemical residues used in many applications l is increasing. Therefore, the present invention can be used for transporting and dispensing drugs. , relating to the safe disposal of residues from containers, packages, drums, etc. stored Chemicals absorbed by the container may be absorbed into the walls of the container and simple cleaning will not necessarily remove such residue. I can't leave. It was found that the residue seeped out from the wall after a certain period of time. It's on. This represents a potential hazard during container handling. In addition, In countries and regions where containers are in short supply and there are no formal facilities to handle them, Despite the current recommendations, they continue to be used as containers for consumer goods, especially water. The usual techniques for treating containers that have been treated include thorough washing with water, such as To be incinerated or recycled, cleaning of e.g. Recommended. This is costly and time consuming for the user. Book The invention overcomes the shortcomings associated with the safe disposal of hazardous residues in conventional containers and packaging. and they can be safely destroyed or reused for storage of non-toxic materials. The purpose is to ensure that

Accordingly, the present invention provides a container having a single-layer or multi-layer outer shell, comprising: The shell is a material that is insoluble when the container is in use but is soluble or can be solubilized in the cleaning liquid. A container is provided comprising an innermost wall or coating of material.

The present invention applies to many different types of conventional rigid or semi-rigid containers, such as bottles, Suitable for cartons, drums, and tucks. The outer shell of the container is rigid or semi-rigid So, polyethylene, ethyl vinyl alcohol (EVOH), nylon, poly Thermoplastics such as propylene or polyethylene terephthalate (polyester) plastic materials or mixtures of these plastics. The outer shell is single layer or or multiple layers of almost any combination of thermoplastic materials.

Otherwise, the container is made of metal outside nonyl like steel or tin plate. It can also be in the form of a heated drum or tub.

Containers with an outer shell made of plastic are made by mold-making and are The side shells are made from the same or different plastic layers, or in some cases, plus Made without an adhesive bonding layer (adhesive bond) between the tick layers. The layers also have different Mixtures of plastics, such as polyethylene and nylon plates Cellar (5eear, trademark name of DuBono) Plus, which is a mixture of let) Consists of tics. The neck of the container must be made of a different plastic material than the body of the container. Can be done. The adhesive layer is made of plastic that exhibits bonding properties to the given material on both sides. material. Commonly used examples are polyethylene and polyamide. P The plastic layer is typically a few hundred microns thick, and the adhesive layer is typically not thick or a few microns thick. It's Ron. The final laminate is generally 1 to 2 inches thick.

The container may also be in the form of a “charging box,” the inner flexible material itself of which may be soluble or or have an inner wall or coating that can be solubilized or actually have an inner flexible surface. The bag can be completely melted.

It is known to produce plastic containers by molding. one or more concentric A tube of plastic material is extruded and sent to a blow mold. The molding work is The outer nonyl of the vessel is molded, and the nonyl structure is provided with internal and external barriers or other layers as desired. I get kicked. The extrusion and blow molding operations used when forming multilayer containers are Commonly known as coextrusion or multilayer extrusion technology.

Another method is, for example, co-injection trenching on polyethylene terephthalate containers. In blow molding, the outer shell is in the form of a polyethylene wrapper with different plastics between them. Plastic material is sandwiched.

Yet another method of forming the inner wall or coating is the way the outer shell is usually For example, after being formed by extrusion blow molding or injection stretch blow molding, The next step is to spray the inside of the outer shell of the container. Normal or electrostatic spraying techniques can be used. Otherwise, the outer shell of the container can be dip coated on the inside and, if desired, on the outside as well. too If the container is a drum, the inner soluble wall or coating is Can be coated.

For coextruded or co-injection molded containers, the inner wall material used in this process If suitable for Preferably, it is molded or co-injection molded.

Typically, the bottom of a blow-molded container is pinched and melted at the bottom between the two halves of the mold. Form the attachment part. In some cases, the welding of the outer shell is done in an air-tight or fluid-tight manner. If this is insufficient, a secondary welding operation is performed to make the weld airtight or fluid tight.

The inner wall or coating is inside a closed container where the bottom weld is carried out along the tab. be pushed back.

Another method is to provide a plug that fits tightly or welds into the opening left in the bottom. be. Such closures and opening devices are for the application of external pressure to discharge the contents of the container. used as an entrance. The external pressure applied in this way is It has the same effect as draining the contents.

Another variation is to leave the bottom open to the atmosphere and remove the inner wall or coating. When the outer tank is opened to the atmosphere and the container is no longer suitable for its purpose. becomes.

According to another feature of the invention, the outer wall and innermost wall or coat Co-extrusion or co-injection ratio molding technology for the above containers in which the moldings are formed in a single operation. The manufacturing method can be changed. According to a further feature of the invention, the container is manufactured by and the innermost wall or coating applied by a separate operation A method of manufacturing a container as described above is provided.

The inner wall or coating is several angstroms thick (i.e. 1 or 2 minutes thick). thick enough to support the weight of the container's contents, for example The thickness of the film is sufficient to resist mechanical abrasion of the powder or particles. It can be done at any time.

Therefore, the film can be anywhere from 1 angstrom to 200 mm depending on the size of the container. It can be in the range of chron. Mixed medicine usually between 1 and 15 liters Small containers such as plastic bottles that hold It has an inner wall or coating of 1 to 40 microns or more, preferably 1 to 40 microns.

Typically, the inner wall or coating thickness is 20 to 30 microns. 2 A large container such as a drum containing 0 to 200 liters of mixed medicine, or For medium capacity containers up to 400 US gallons (1500 liters), or the coating is between 1 and 200 microns, typically between 50 and 15 between 0 microns The contents of the container may be, for example, aqueous or non-aqueous liquids or fluids (e.g. milk). (concentrates), gels, powders, fine particles, etc.

The nature of the inner wall or coating is determined by the material's compatibility with the material or substance being contained. Compatible so that it is not soluble during use of the device but is soluble or solubilized in the cleaning liquid. Must be. However, for non-aqueous base substances, (a) When empty, the container is flushed with water to remove any internal walls or coatings containing residues. water-soluble inner walls or coatings, such as (b) When empty, the container should be cleaned with a suitable solvent and the inner walls or coating containing any residues should be removed. Solvent-soluble interior walls or coatings, such as those that eliminate is included.

For water-based substances, (a) When empty, the container is flushed with water containing the trigger or catalyst; The catalyst is a water-soluble material that reacts with the inner wall or coating to remove residue from it. inner wall or coating (b) When empty, the container is cleaned with a suitable solvent and any internal walls or coatings containing residue are removed. Contains non-aqueous based solvent soluble interior walls or coatings such as those that eliminate .

Terms such as insoluble, soluble and solubilizable are intended to have their ordinary meanings. sand In other words, insolubility means that it hardly dissolves in a certain material or substance; Soluble means that the inner wall or coating disappears in the liquid that washes it or the coating has the potential to disappear in the cleaning liquid under appropriate conditions. It is a word that is compatible with soluble possibility. A particularly common cleaning liquid is water.

The inner wall or coating of the container is polyvinyl alcohol polyethylene, polyethyleneimino, acrylic based films such as polyacrylic acid and polyacrylic monolamide, high amylose corn starch, or hydro Xylmethyl, ether and propylcellulose or suitable materials thereof It is a mixture of

A specific example of a suitable pvoa coating material is IIO Sodium 101 (Hex Poliox (registered trademark name of Union Carbide Company), Poliox (registered trademark name of Union Carbide Company) and Yinex (Air.

Products, & Chemicals Co., Ltd.'s registered trademark name) Power (for example, llo wiol can be thermoplastically treated by adding a known plasticizer and a small amount of water. can. Typical plasticizers are water and glycerol, trimethylolpropane, and trimethylol. Ethanolamine and ethoxylated phosphorus esters, Gui Glyfur, Triglyco Polyhydric alcohols such as alcohol and neopentyl glycol. Typically, , 5 to 50% water by weight of plasticizer is added. This mixture is extruded and blow molded Conventional thermoplastic material processing machinery, such as machines, injection molding machines and compression molding machines can be processed by Water solubility of films produced by this method varies according to the hydrolyzed freshness of the grade of llowiol used. Like that The film is biodegradable in aqueous solution, resistant to most organic solvents, It has resistance to mechanical stress, is non-toxic, and has good weldability and bondability.

There are few solvents other than water for Ilowiol.

11 owiol grade, plasticizer concentration, extrusion temperature and extrusion cylinder The resistance time determines the solubility of the Movio+ film extruded into cold water.

Another method of producing pvoa suitable for thermoplastic materials is to by using internal plasticizers by polymerization, grafting, or post-reactions. be.

Vinex is a copolymer of PVO and poly(alkylenenioxy)-acrylate. Lima is an internally plasticized, water-soluble, thermoplastic material. Representative Vi NEX 4025 resin film (thickness 1 to 1.5 mm) in distilled water. With slight agitation, it was destroyed in 14 seconds, and it took 25 seconds for it to completely disappear.

If the container is coated by other means, the addition of plasticizer is not necessary. stomach. Table 1 shows the dissolution of polyvinyl alcohol films of different thicknesses at 20°C. This is a common example of resolution.

Table 1 EF-210 Cold water soluble polyvinyl alcohol Note Solubility is determined by sample specimen Determined by immersing it in water and measuring the time it takes to dissolve and diffuse without stirring. determined.

Stirring the cleaning solution in an aqueous or non-aqueous cleaning liquid has a solubility of less than 10 minutes. Films known in the art are particularly suitable for use in the present invention. Ideally, the film is designed to dissolve in 3 minutes or less.

However, if the cleaning liquid is left still, it will form a film (=, it will dissolve if it is not stirred). It takes 24 hours. Therefore, if it has these characteristics and uses any one of the above means, The film known in this technology, which can be coated on the inside of a container, is based on the present invention. It can be used in the light.

For example, U.S. Patent No. 3. The film disclosed in No. 892.905 is made of polyvinyl vinyl. Contains a mixture of Neil alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. like that Examples of the solubility of films in water are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pylori trigger or catalyze solubilization. The preferred method used is to coat the inner wall or coating at a pH different from that of the container. Solubilization at pH and a trigger or catalyst in the container The object is to be able to manipulate the body or solvent pal at the spray point. inner wall also The coating can manipulate its solubility and increase its sensitivity to changes in pal, for example. Additives are required to reduce the Materials that improve sensitivity to p12 in this way are For example, U.S. Patent No. 4. 469. No. 728 is not soluble in water. Discloses a film that is soluble in the base medium.

Homo- or co-polymer acids are suitable for such films, especially on their own. Acids produced using acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, lya tonic # or Leic acids and their anhydrides such as vinyl ethers, acrylates or Methacrylate is too high.

Suitable solutions for dissolving such films include borates, amines such as Ethanolamines, water-soluble carbonates, silicates, secondary and tertiary phosphorus Oxygen salts such as triammonium phosphate. dissolves inner walls or coatings The use of borates to make such a solution is useful for household use in the form of household detergents. This is useful because it is most commonly found in

Table 3 lists the concentrations of water, sodium hydroxide and triammonium phosphate for such films. It shows the solubility in the liquid.

MAA = maleic anhydride, also insoluble EVE-Ethyl vinyl ether 2 = Swelling MAC = Methyl acrylate 3 = - slow dissolving BAC = n-butyl acrylate 4; fast dissolving TAP = phosphate ammonium If not, the innermost wall or coating is soluble in common organic solvents. It can be formed from water-insoluble materials. For example, polyvinyl acetate is a readily available low molecular weight alcohol such as methanol or ethanol. soluble thermoplastic high polymers, and e.g. cyclohexanone or methyl ether. A soluble polyvinyl ether such as thiruketone.

In yet another variation, it dissolves especially water-resistant plastics when mixed with water. Chemicals that can be used for spraying, or water that can be used on the inside walls or coatings of containers. Or the plastic begins to deteriorate as soon as it comes into contact with the solvent. Such drugs are It is known, for example the Belland material. available to users Consideration must be given to the available sources and conditions under which the container will be used. . Thus, the container may contain a large amount of solvent or catalyst, for example in the cap, and the user may It is possible to obtain precise conditions for dissolving the inner wall or coating.

Another method that allows water-based substances to be included in the inner walls or coatings of the container is Use surfaces containing substances that stabilize walls or coatings while It is to use it.

Cleaning can be done by injecting into a spray tack and by using portable detoxification equipment. or processed normally.

The container according to the invention can be used, for example, for pesticides, including public health, and household medicines, fertilizers. , organic chemicals, pharmaceuticals, coatings and finishes in the coating industry and general hazardous materials. It can be used to store or dispense a wide variety of substances, such as:

According to another feature of the invention, the innermost container for said container is soluble only in aqueous cleaning liquid. A method of imparting solvent resistance to conventional thermoplastic containers involves coating the end walls. available. The invention will be described by way of example below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the container within the mold.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the wall of the container.

FIG. 3 is an additional cross-sectional view of the wall of the container.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the bottom of the container.

FIG. 5 is an additional cross-sectional view of the container bottom.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the vacuum processing container.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a container containing a compounded drug.

Referring to FIG. 1 II, the container 1 is a mold in which co-extrusion or co-injection blow molding is carried out. 4 is shown. Type 4 consists of two halves m4a and 4b and a layer of molten plastic material is applied inside from a tube 5 placed on one side of the inside of the mold 4. extruded or injected into the other side. During extrusion or injection, air is blown into the internal space The vignetting layer is extruded into the shape of mold 4. Containers can be rigid or semi-rigid according to user requirements The outer shell 2 of the It will be done. The outer nonyl 2 has an inner wall or coating 3.

Figures 2 and 3 show single-layer and multi-layer systems, respectively, with inner walls or coatings 3. indicates well. The multilayer outer shell connects the adhesive bonding layer 7 with two thermally compatible layers. It is necessary in between. The inner wall 3 is a single layer of solubilizable material. extrusion or injection At the end of the process, the two halves 4a, 4b of the mold are separated to release the container.

FIG. 4 shows the bottom of the container 1 in detail. The two halves of the outer shell 2 are in a pinch 8. When brought together, these cannot be welded to the inner wall or coating 3. do not have. Thus, when being ejected from the mold 4, the container 1 remains in the bottom 9 of the outer shell 2. It's open.

FIG. 5 shows a solution to the inability to weld the bottom part 9. In this case, the inner wall or The coating 3 is pushed back into the outer shell 2 and the opening is heated or ultrasonicated, for example. It is deposited as a separate operation by welding.

! ! 16 indicates a vacuum processing container having an inner collapsible bag 11. outer shell 2 has several layers, the innermost layer 10 of which is not thermally compatible and Do not use adhesive to join.

Inside! ! Alternatively, the coating 3 is provided inside the inner collapsible bag.

A suitable pump 12 for vacuum treatment is provided in the neck 13 of the container 1. When using , when the container is handled, the collapsible bag 11 is pulled away from the outer shell 2 and securely Completely vacuum the container.

In practice, the bag 11 itself can be formed from an inner wall or coating 3.

FIG. 7 shows a completed container 1 containing a preparation of medicine 13. Container 1 (as shown) cap) and optionally a knob 14, the knob 14 being made of plastic or or of any suitable material, such as a metal box.

It will be appreciated that the following examples do not limit the wide applicability of the invention. Dew.

Example 1 1 liter polyethylene terephthalate bottle (by injection stretch blow molding technology) (manufactured) is 2 grams of Mo 101 (grade 383) PVO [+ coated. For coating, put Noviol 383 aqueous solution into the bottle. This is done by swirling the solution until the film covers the entire inner circumference of the bottle. be done. The bottles were dried in air. The thickness of the obtained film is 20 mic. It was Ron.

The bottle was filled with a 25% emulsion of the molar condensation product of Ramdan Huxrin (insecticide). , stored for one week at 40°C and 90% relative humidity, and for one week at 23°C and 50% relative humidity. Ta. After storage, the contents were supernatant transferred to another container. The product solvent is not allowed to evaporate. The inner pvon film surface and the bottle were then cut in half horizontally. . The pvon film inner lining was separated from the polyethylene outer shell . The film maintained its flexibility.

The separated PVOI+ film was placed in a 1 liter glass beaker containing water at approximately 20°C. immersed in water. Rapid dissolution of 75% of the film occurred within 30 seconds. fill Remnants of the silica were dissipated within another 90 seconds by gentle agitation of the water.

In the examples below, the container has a suitable polyvinyl alcohol inner wall or coating. It is equipped with However, each side serves to explain the invention and is not described. containers are suitable for containing any of the coating materials listed herein. Ru.

Example 2 This example is made from a single material and is made from polyvinyl alcohol! or coati showing a number of different plastics with

(a) Polyamide (nylon) (b) Ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVO [I) (C) Polyacecool (d) Polyacrylonitrile (e) Polyethylene terephthalate (f) Glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (g) High-density polyethylene (h) Polymer high density polyethylene (1) Polypropylene (j) Polyvinyl chloride (k) Polycarbonate ('') Polyvinylidene chloride Example 3 This example also has an inner wall of polyvinyl alcohol (co-extruded) Indicates the material of the multi-layer plastic container. The first layer is the outermost layer.

(a) M 1st layer = polymer high-density polyethylene 2nd layer = re-pulverized layer Third layer; adhesive layer 4th layer = polyamide layer (barrier) 5th layer = adhesive layer 6th layer = high density polythene layer Internal coating = polyvinyl alcohol (b) 1st layer = high molecular weight high density poly Ethylene 2nd layer = crushed layer again 3rd layer = adhesive layer 4th layer = polyacrylonitrile layer (!l wall) 5th layer = adhesive layer 6th layer = high density polythene layer (C) 1st layer = high molecular weight high density polyethylene 2nd layer - re-pulverized layer Third layer - adhesive layer 4th layer = ethylene vinyl alcohol II (TI wall) 5th layer = adhesive layer 6 layers = high density polythene layer Internal coating - polyvinyl alcohol example 4 This example shows the variation in the hanging material used for the container; on each side the container is made of polyvinyl vinyl. It has an alcohol coating.

(a) Polymer whose surface has been treated with fluorine gas to produce a perfluorinated hydrocarbon layer. Ethylene (high, medium or low density) (b) Polyolefins such as high-density polyethylene along with coupling agents Layering techniques for concentrates, such as nylon, that produce containers with blended and layered structures. Technique. for example, (1) High-density polyethylene and polyamide microplates.

(11) Polypropylene and polyamide microplates (C) Flat or corrugated fiberboard ( Single layer) (d) 200 g+-2 assorted colored kraft paper (wattled kraf tpaper) double-ply corrugated casing, 125 gm intermediate straw 300g-2 test paper as tip and lining (e) 5 miku coated with 95g1-2 low density polyethylene 1 liter cart made from long folding box board. This is a wax coated cart It can also be

Example 5 This example shows a charging box structure. Two structures are shown: (1) the container is exposed outside its walls; (ii) the liner has an inner wall or coating; The coating is removable from the container and acts as a liner.

Each side below has an internal coating of polyvinyl alcohol.

(8) Flat or wavy fiberboard (single layer) (b) 200 gm-2 miscellaneous kraft Two-ply wavy casing of mottled craft paper, 1 (c) (i) as intermediate straw or tip and lining of 25 gl Polyamide (nylon) (11) Ethylhinyl alcohol (EvO[I) (1 ii) Polyethylene terephthalate (iv) High density polyethylene (V) Polypropylene (d) First layer = polymer high density polyethylene Second layer = regrind layer 1ayer) Third layer - adhesive layer 4th layer = polyacrylonitrile layer 5th layer = adhesive layer 6th layer = high density polyethylene Internal coating = polyvinyl alcohol example Example used for drums with inner walls or coatings of polyvinyl alcohol Indicates possible materials.

(8) Welded side seams and double coating of epoxy phenolic lacquer 210 liters with internally lacquered triple room ends with double internal treatment Fixed end metal drum (mild steel) (b) Instead of lacquer, another blow-molded inner liner (thickness, 3 ．． 3kg/Lee). (This is known as a “composite drum°.”) This drum The ina is attached to a 21/2 inch (635 II) obturator foramen.

(c) 200 liter blow-molded polymeric high-density pot with two closed holes. Liethylene (9 kg/8 m■, minimum wall thickness).

Submission of a copy of the written amendment (Article 184-8 of the Patent Law) May 1, 1992''

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. Containers having a single-layer or multi-layer outer shell, the outer shell (2) The amount of material that is insoluble when the device is in use but becomes soluble or soluble in the cleaning liquid. Said container, characterized in that it is provided with a wall or a coating (3). 2. The innermost wall or coating (3) is soluble or becomes soluble in an aqueous cleaning solution. The container according to claim 1. 3. The innermost wall or coating (3) is a non-aqueous solvent or catalyst or trigger. 2. A container according to claim 1, which is soluble or becomes soluble in an aqueous cleaning solution containing. 4. The innermost wall or coating (3) is in contact with the cleaning fluid and the innermost wall or coating (3) Container according to claim 1, impregnated with a chemical that degrades the coating (3). 5. The innermost wall or coating (3) is a plastic material or plastic 5. A container according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is a mixture of materials. 6. The innermost wall or coating (3) is polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl polypyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, polyethyleneimine, polyacrylic acid, polymer One of polyacrylamide, polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl ether or two or more selected from this group. 6. A container according to claim 5, which is a mixture of the above plastics. 7. Claims wherein the innermost wall or coating (3) comprises polyvinyl alcohol. 6. The container according to 6. 8. The innermost wall or coating (3) is high amylose cornstarch or hydroxide. Claim 1u formed from roxymethyl, ethyl, and propyl cellulose. The container according to any one of item 4. 9. The inner wall or coating (3) is between 1 angstrom and 200 microns. 9. A container according to any one of claims 1 to 8, having a thickness. 10. Where the outer shell and innermost wall or coating are formed in one operation. according to any one of claims 1 to 9 by extrusion or co-injection molding techniques. Method of manufacturing containers. 11. If the container is manufactured by conventional techniques and the innermost wall or coating is of another manufacture, 10. A method for manufacturing a container according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for industrial application. 12. Applying the innermost wall or coating can be done by regular or electrostatic spraying or by dipping or powder coating. 13. Any one of claims 1 to 9 for storing toxic or dangerous materials. Use the containers listed in . 14. Paints or finishes in agrochemicals, organic chemicals, fertilizers, pharmaceuticals or the paint industry Use of a container according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for storing or dispensing an agent. To do. 15. The container is insoluble during use but becomes soluble or soluble in the cleaning solution. from a normal container by providing an innermost wall or coating of material (3) How to remove chemical residues. 16. A method of imparting solvent resistance to conventional thermoplastic containers, the method comprising: said method comprising applying an innermost wall or coating that is soluble only in the purifying liquid; .