JPH05501B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Claim 1: In a rotationally symmetrical construction of formwork rings arranged above a plurality of formwork plates, preferably connected to each other by screws or wedge members and having vertical connecting flanges, A seam covering piece 2 of flexible material, preferably a synthetic material, is interposed between the two formwork rings 1, and the formwork plate 3, preferably made of sheet steel, is flexible in the circumferential direction. Characteristic formwork.

2. Each seam cover piece 2 has a cover flange 5 covering the seam, a web 7 protruding into the seam, and a web 7 disposed parallel to the cover flange and protruding into the seam and extending substantially parallel to the cover flange 5. a retaining web 8, the distance between the covering flange 5 and the retaining web 8 approximately corresponding to the dimension of the thickness of one formwork plate 3, so that in the assembly position the seam covering piece 2 is attached to the adjacent formwork. 2. A formwork according to claim 1, which surrounds the edge of the plate.

3. The formwork according to claim 1, wherein the cover flange 5 has a convex cross section.

4. The formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover flange 5 is arranged on the concrete side of the formwork.

5 Covering flange 5 and retaining web 8 of the seam cover piece 2 made of synthetic material, preferably polyethylene.
3. A formwork according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that they are prestressed with respect to each other.

6. Formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that the width b _h of the holding web 8 is at most equal to the width b _a of the cover flange 5 and at least equal to half the width of the cover flange 5.

7. In a rotationally symmetrical construction of a formwork ring arranged above a plurality of formwork plates which are connected to each other, for example by screws or wedge members, the formwork plate 2, preferably made of sheet steel, is movable in the circumferential direction. It has flexibility,
and an annular member 2 loosely arranged with respect to the formwork plate 3
1 and a formwork plate 3
A formwork characterized in that it can be tightened to a reinforcing ring 18.

8. Formwork according to claim 7, characterized in that the annular segment (21) of at least one expansion device can be pressed against the formwork ring (1) and thereby compresses the formwork plate (3).

9 Reinforcement ring 18 disposed above one or more
a vertical line extending across and supporting the expansion device
9. The formwork according to claim 8, wherein the UWEU rail 19 is interposed between the annular segments 21.

10. The formwork according to claim 9, characterized in that the formwork ring 1 is attached to a U-shaped rail 19.

11. Formwork according to claim 10, characterized in that the U-shaped rails 19 are arranged successively on each formwork plate 3 over the periphery of the formwork ring 1.

12. Claim characterized in that the vertical edge 3' of the formwork plate 3 has a clamping flange 4' which is arranged at a distance γ from the vertical edge 3' or is equal to half the width of the U-shaped rail 19. Formwork as described in Section 7.

13. The expansion device comprises a clamping screw 27 held non-rotationally at the distal end of the annular segment 21 and a clamping nut 30 supported directly or indirectly on the distal end of the second annular segment 21. The formwork described in scope item 8.

14. Claim 13, characterized in that the tightening nut 30 is supported directly on the U-shaped rail 19.
Formwork as described in section.

15 U-shaped rail 19 is 1 of lateral web 19''
a guide sleeve 29 for the tightening screw 27, which projects into the U-shaped rail 19 and on which the tightening nut 30 is supported, on the other transverse web 19''. 15. The formwork according to claim 14, comprising:

16 Annular segment 2 facing the tightening screw 27
The end of 1 is attached to the U-shaped rail 19 by the retaining pin 23.
Claim 1 characterized in that it is attached to
Formwork described in Section 4.

17 In particular for formwork of rotationally symmetrical constructions of a plurality of overlying formwork rings, such as formwork plates connected to each other and with connecting flanges, where the connecting flanges of adjacent formwork plates are assembled In the coupling device which abuts each other in position, the coupling members are at least two holding jaws 11 substantially parallel to each other,
a wedge member fixing device 10 into which connecting flanges 4', 19'' having 12 and abutting each other are inserted; one connecting flange 4' of the holding jaws 11, 12;
19'', characterized in that the wedge member fastener 10 is held on the coupling flange by at least one stop.

18 The guide groove for the wedge member 13 is the holding jaw 11,
18. A coupling device according to claim 17, characterized in that it is provided in one of the 12.

19 Hole 9 where the connecting flange 4' is preferably an elongated hole
Claim 1, characterized in that it includes a hole through which the wedge member fastener 10 projects, and whose edge 9' forms a stop for the wedge member fastener 10.
The coupling device according to item 7.

20 1 which abuts the edge 9' of the hole on the side of the wedge member fixture 10 facing away from the holding jaws 11, 12;
18. Coupling device according to claim 17, characterized in that more than one guide device (14) is provided.

21. Coupling device according to claim 20, characterized in that the guide cam 14 has an inclined insertion surface 14'.

22. The coupling device according to claim 17, wherein the wedge member fixture 10 is made of wrought iron or cast iron.

23. A coupling device according to claim 17, characterized in that the wedge member 13 is arranged at the inner edge of the coupling flange (FIG. 3).

24 Holding jaws 11, 1 adjacent to wedge member 13
18. Coupling device according to claim 17, characterized in that it has a length equal to or greater than 2.

Description The invention provides a rotationally symmetrical formwork of a formwork ring made of a plurality of upwardly disposed formwork plates which are joined together, for example by screws or wedge members, and which preferably include vertical joining flanges. and a coupling device therefor.

In constructions such as silos, purification towers, etc., according to current technology, formworks of, for example, a height of 1 m to 2 m are produced, and then concrete walls are poured so that the form rings are filled. Once the concrete has solidified to some extent, form rings are lifted onto both sides of the concrete wall. Pouring is carried out again and the method is repeated until the desired height of the structure is achieved.

This method has many drawbacks. On the one hand, annular joints are formed in the concrete every 1 to 2 m both inside and outside the structure. This may not be important inside a silo, for example, but it is unsightly outside the public eye. Moreover, a height of 2 m per formwork ring is generally chosen for economic reasons or is too large and not ideal in terms of the amount of concrete as a filling height. Yet another disadvantage is that this height of concrete creates an expansion joint that compromises the watertightness of the tank.

The object of the invention is to provide a device as described above which does not have the above-mentioned disadvantages and has a visually perfect surface, especially in the case of round constructions.

A fully constructed formwork lining must be placed on the visible surface of the structure to be erected. Often this is external. but,
In principle, a fully built formwork can also be placed inside the construction.

If the formwork lining is lifted in stages, it is preferred that the formwork framework is likewise erected to the full height of the constructed structure before pouring the concrete.

According to the invention, the form lining is raised in stages, and the form framework is likewise raised in stages and in large steps.

In one embodiment of the invention, the working platform is raised in steps with the form lining placed on the form framework, the working platform being raised in steps larger than the form lining.

For example, formwork for cylindrical structures such as silos,
It is known to form a formwork ring of curved steel formwork plates joined together. These formwork plates are provided along their four edges with flanges that are screwed to adjacent formwork plates.

A disadvantage of these formworks is that each formwork plate must be bent to a specific diameter for the construction. If constructions have several different diameters, a corresponding number of formwork plates will be required.

Another drawback is that, considering the deformations that occur, e.g.
Rigid formwork plates become difficult to assemble, especially after long-term use. Moreover, the assembly is expensive since it has to be screwed onto adjacent formwork plates both at their vertical and horizontal edges.

Furthermore, this type of formwork board is expensive.

The object of the invention is to provide an outer formwork of the above type, which can be worked with low-cost formwork elements and whose formwork plates can accommodate all customary diameters of the successor body. cylindrical structures of different diameters can be surrounded by the same plate member and circular structures can be built without difficulty.

This object is achieved by the invention, namely, a seam covering piece of flexible material, preferably a synthetic material such as polyethylene or PVC, is interposed between two formwork rings, and it is possible to use a steel plate. Preferred form plates are circumferentially flexible.

Another object of the invention is to provide an inner formwork member of the above type, which can be worked with low-cost formwork elements and whose formwork plates can be adapted to all customary construction diameters. To provide an inner formwork that can accommodate cylindrical structures of different diameters with the same plate member.

It is thus ensured that this form ring is exactly circular in each case.

This is achieved according to the invention, in which the formwork plate is preferably made of a steel plate, and a reinforcing ring consisting of annular segments that are flexible in the circumferential direction and are loosely constructed relative to the formwork plate. A structure is provided in which the formwork plates are clamped onto these reinforcing rings.

Preferably, the tightening of the formwork plates is carried out by means of tightening devices on the formwork plates, and the annular sectors of the reinforcing ring are pressed together. It is therefore preferred that at least one segment of the expansion device is pressed against the formwork ring, thereby compressing the formwork plate.

Also interposed between the annular segments are vertical U-shaped rails that extend above one or more superimposed reinforcing rings and support the expansion device, and the formwork rings are attached to these U-shaped rails.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the U-shaped rails are arranged with each formwork plate sequentially along the periphery of the formwork ring.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the vertical edges of the formwork plates are arranged at a distance from the vertical walls and
It has a clamping flange equal to half the width of the shaped rail.
This causes the vertical edges of the formwork plates to lie flat against each other.

According to the invention, the expansion device further includes a tightening screw held non-rotationally at the distal end of one annular segment and a tightening nut supported directly or indirectly on the distal end of the second annular segment.

In one particularly advantageous embodiment, the tightening nut is fixed directly to the U-shaped rail, with holes provided in one of the transverse webs of the U-shaped rail, through which the tightening screws protrude, and a U-shaped nut in the other web. A guide sleeve is provided for the clamping screw, which projects into the shaped rail, on which the clamping nut is supported. Preferably, the guide sleeve is welded to the U-shaped rail. In another embodiment of the invention, the end of the annular segment opposite the clamping screw is fixed to the U-shaped rail by a retaining pin.

The coupling device according to the present invention has two
a wedge member fixing device having two retaining jaws, the retaining jaws being at least substantially parallel to each other and between which mutually adjacent coupling flanges are inserted; one wedge member being pushed between one of the retaining jaws and one coupling flange; , the wedge member fixture is retained by at least one stop on the coupling flange. This stop acts as an aid during assembly and prevents the wedge member fixture from slipping out of the formwork plate.

A plurality of wedge members are of course pushed between the wedge member fixture and the coupling flange. However, it is generally sufficient to use a single wedge member.

It is also preferred to provide a guide groove for the wedge member in one of the holding jaws.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the coupling flange includes a hole, preferably an elongated hole, through which the wedge member fastener projects, and whose edges form a stop for the wedge member fastener, and In order to better guide the wedge fixture, the side of the wedge fixture facing away is provided with one or more guide cams that abut the edge of the hole.

To facilitate insertion of the wedge member fixture into the hole, the guide cam includes an angled insertion surface.

Moreover, it is preferable that the wedge member is arranged at the inner edge of the coupling flange. This results in optimal tightening of the formwork plates.

Furthermore, the wedge members are made as long as or longer than the adjacent jaws. This results in no shear loads.

Preferably, the wedge member fixture is formed of wrought iron or cast iron.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments.

1 is a vertical cut explanatory view of a formwork and a coupling device therefor according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view, FIG. 3 is a partial view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the formwork framework. A plan view of a section of a polygonal ring showing the connection with different angles, FIG. 5 a cut through the upper area of the water tower with formwork framework, and FIG. An explanatory sectional view of the formwork, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 1,
8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 7, FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 6, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 9, and FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the seam covering piece according to the present invention.

In Figure 6, the left side part shows the inner formwork, the right side part shows the outer formwork, Figures 7 and 8 show the outer formwork, and Figures 9 to 11 show the inner formwork. show.

In Figure 1, the wall under construction is indicated by 1. The formwork lining 2, for example made of steel, light metal or even wood, synthetic material, is applied to the wall 1 on the inside and outside.
is pressed directly to the

The method according to the invention can be carried out in conventional formwork systems. Formwork according to this invention or FIGS. 6 to 1
Each of those elements according to Figure 2 is particularly useful.

In the exemplary embodiment, the formwork lining 2 is suspended on the outside on a horizontal bimetallic steel ring 17 supported by vertical steel partial supports 3 . Bimetallic steel has proven particularly suitable, but other steel billets, flat iron bars or even steel bars can also be used.

The steel part support 3 is held by a polygonal ring 4 or screwed thereto.

Metal steel ring with two types of concrete pressure 17
It is important that it is absorbed by the The polygonal ring 4 is only used to hold this formwork framework and ensure the accuracy of the measurements.

As can be seen from FIGS. 2 to 4, each ring 4 of the formwork framework consists of an annular support part 8, which parts are articulated together at the corners 9.

For stability reasons, it is preferred that each annular portion 8 be formed by a double T-shaped girder. A square tube can also be used. However, the double T-shaped girder is advantageous in that it allows for rapid fixing after the ring 4 has been adjusted to its new dimensions.

Articulation is carried out at the corner joint 9 by means of the shaft 10 or by curving the lower parallel web 8' of the double T-shaped girder.

Preferably, the support parts 8 are fixed to each other at their outer edges by screws 11. screw 11
is formed of a flat iron rod and projects through a seam plate 12 with an elongated hole 13. As seen in Figures 3 and 4, these seam plates 12 can be constructed in a variety of ways.

If a ring 4 of the type according to the invention is enlarged, the adjacent annular part at the point of attachment of the supporting annular part 8 can be unscrewed by opening the threaded connection 14 and by the larger annular part. Replaced. The annular part corresponding to the three parts 8 with two half parts 8'' at each end is e.g.
It can be replaced by an annular part with two parts 8 and of course by two half parts 8'' at both ends.

The inner formwork is built in principle in the same way as the outer formwork, but in this case the pressure applied to the formwork lining 2 is applied between the vertical steel sections 3 and with a corresponding curvature towards the concrete surface. Square plate material 8
The amount of absorption differs depending on the If the diameter is changed significantly, these square plates must be replaced. However, advantageously, only the curved portion of the rectangular plate needs to be replaced.

In the case of the cylindrical structure shown in the example, the polygonal ring 4, which is preferably adjustable in terms of height, is also
Since the annular pressure in the inner formwork has to be absorbed, these must have a corresponding number and strength. The steel framework of the inner formwork is constructed in sections of approximately 2 m in height after reinforcement, so that there is no risk of it being pulled out of the reinforcing elements. The square timbers 18 and formwork running are inserted in a constant state during concrete forming.

In the embodiment, a working framework 16 is provided inside the construction adjacent to the three upright members 5 and held by a polygonal circular working framework 16. (Said working frameworks 16 are welded together to form an adjustable framework construction.) As shown in FIG. It will be done. Only the formwork, consisting of the support element 3 and the ring 4, is completely raised on the inside.

In order to prevent the reinforcing member from being extracted from the formwork framework, the formwork framework is constructed in sections with a height of approximately 2 m. For this reason, the inner support member 3 has a length of, for example, 2 m.
divided into corresponding parts.

A climbing work framework 16 is provided inside the constructed wall. In the example, 1 is added to this ascending work framework.
6 is attached to three vertical supports 5 and has a circular working framework 6.

The reinforcing structure is built, for example, together with the outer formwork lining 2 or together with the outer formwork immediately after the respective construction, and is advantageously fixed to the top of the outer formwork by means of support members or the like.

The inner form lining 2 is then built up to a first stage, for example 50 cm, and concrete is poured into the annular cavity between the inner form lining 2 and the outer form lining 2. When this annular cavity is filled, the formwork lining 2 is raised by 50 cm and
Another 50 cm ring is injected onto it.

This method is repeated until the total height of the wall to be erected or the structure to be constructed is obtained. The working platform 6 is also raised together with the inner formwork lining 2, but this can also be carried out entirely in steps of 50 cm or larger for the working platform 6 being raised.

When using this method, for example to enclose a conical construction as in FIG. The formwork lining 2 is raised in stages.

Since the rings 4 are joined together by the braces 19, they do not need to absorb compressive or tensile forces. However, this is not important for the method according to the invention.

Specific inner and outer formworks of this invention are shown in Figures 6-
It is shown in FIG.

Outer mold The outer mold has mold rings 1 placed one on top of the other. A seam cover strip 2 is interposed in each case between adjacent formwork rings.

The formwork ring 1 is formed of a formwork plate 3 made of a steel plate.

The formwork plates 3 are in this example 3 m long and their vertical edges 3' have continuous angled iron members 4 which join adjacent formwork plates 3 as described below. A connecting flange 4' is formed for the purpose.

Of course, adjacent formwork plates 3 of the formwork ring 1 can also be screwed together on the angle iron 4 in the usual manner. Multiple short angle iron members 4
can also be distributed over the height as well.

The form plate 3 is made of a flexible steel plate and can be adjusted to any diameter. In the embodiment, the seam cover piece is made of extruded synthetic material and includes a cover flange 5, which in the assembly position projects into the joint between the concrete 6, two adjacent formwork plates 3 or formwork rings 1, respectively. It is arranged on the side of the formwork plate 3 towards the holding web 7 and the retaining web 8.

Covering flange 5, web 7 and retaining web 8
forms an approximately H-shaped cross section.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 12, the cover flange 5 of the seam cover flange 2 has a convex cross-section.

Each form plate 3 is held tight between a prestressed cover flange 5 and a retaining web 8.

In FIG. 2, the position of the cover flange 5 is shown in broken lines, which position the cover flange 5 would occupy if the seam cover piece 2 were not placed on the formwork board 3.

The width b _h of the retaining web 8 lies between the half width and the full width of the cover flange 5 and is 2/3 of the width b _a of the cover flange 5.
A size corresponding to is suitable.

As already mentioned, the vertical edge 3' of the form plate 3 has an angled iron 4 which is welded to the steel plate of the form plate 3.

As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, each free web of the angle iron 4 forms a joining flange 4' having an elongated hole 9, the elongated holes 9 of adjacent angle irons 4 creating a continuous opening.

Wedge member fixing device 10 comprising two retaining jaws 11, 12 arranged on both sides of two connecting flanges 4' of adjacent angle iron members 4 in the assembled position.
is inserted into the opening formed by the elongated hole 9.

Preferably, the wedge member process tool is constructed of wrought iron or cast iron. In order to apply pressure to the adjacent formwork plate 3, the wedge element 3 is inserted or pushed between one retaining jaw 12 and one connecting flange 4' of the wedge element fixture 10.

In order to prevent the wedge member fixing device 10 from deflecting outward, i.e. from coming off the form plate 3 when the wedge member 13 is pushed in, in this embodiment two guide cams are provided which abut against the outer edge 9' of the elongated hole 9. There are 14.

To facilitate insertion of the wedge member fixture 10 into the elongated bore 9, the guide cam 14 includes an angled entrance surface 14'. The wedge member fixture 10 has a wedge member 13
It can be seen that this also allows a very fast tightening or joining of adjacent formwork plates 3. Furthermore, the connecting element 1 is placed very close to the inner angle 15 of the angle iron 4 and thus close to the actual steel formwork plate.
It is particularly advantageous to apply a force exerted by 0.13. This means that the adjacent formwork board 3
This prevents forced separation in case of high pressures at the vertical edges 3' which would cause iron formation in the concrete. In this example, the formwork plates 3 are provided with angle iron members 4 extending over their height, giving a height of the formwork plates of 50 cm. However, the form plate can also be provided with two or three short angle iron members 4.

In each case, a bracket 16 supported between two outer angle irons 4 can be provided as an aid during assembly.

In order to stabilize the outer formwork, a dimensionally rigid stabilizing ring 17, for example formed by a shaped tube, can also be provided.

Inner mold Similarly to the outer mold, the inner mold consists of a mold ring 1 formed by a mold frame 3. Similar to the formwork board 3 of the outer formwork, the formwork board 3 has a length of 3 m and a height of 50 m.
cm, but it is easy for the formwork plates 3 of the inner formwork to have different dimensions from the formwork plates 3 of the outer formwork.

As in the case of the outer formwork, seam covering pieces 2 are provided on the annular joints between the formwork rings 1. However, in the case of internal formwork, the seam covering piece 2 can be omitted since it has no visible surface on the concrete wall being constructed.

In the case of an annular joint, a reinforcing ring 18 is provided,
This preferably comprises an annular sector formed by a shaped tube, a square tube in the embodiment.

The form plate 3, as in the case of the outer form, is a steel plate and is flexible, whereas the forming ring 18 is dimensionally rigid.

Vertical U-shaped rails 19 are provided at the joining points of adjacent formwork plates 3. In the embodiment, the U-shaped rail 1
9 is 2 m long, ie the U-shaped rail 19 extends over the four formwork rings 1.

The formwork plates 3 are likewise provided with angle irons 4 at their vertical edges 3';
is returned by γ (Fig. 6). This amount γ corresponds to half of the central connecting web 19' of the U-shaped rail 19.

As is clear from Fig. 6, the adjacent formwork plate 3
The angle iron members 4 of are not directly connected to each other,
They are indirectly coupled via a U-shaped rail 19.

A wedge fixture 10 is provided in each case surrounding the free web of the angle iron and the free web of the U-shaped rail 19 forming the connecting flanges 4', 19'.

The wedge member fixing device 10 has a guide groove 20 in which the wedge member 13 is arranged in the assembled position.
The wedge element 13 is driven into the wedge element fixture 10 as in the case of the outer formwork.

The forming ring 18 is loosely arranged relative to the formwork plate 3 but is connected to a U-shaped rail 19.

This method of coupling is particularly illustrated in FIG.

Each tube section 21 has a cover plate 22 at each end thereof.
and the cover plate 22 has a web of the U-shaped rail 19 or one of the connecting flanges 19'' in the assembled position.
The retaining pin 23 extends into one hole 24 .

The other end of the cover plate 22 has a hollow hexagonal member 25 in which the head of a tightening screw 27 is held.

The clamping screw 27 passes through a hole 28 in the second coupling flange 19'' of the U-shaped rail 19 and projects freely into a guide sleeve 29 welded to the U-shaped rail 19.

A clamping nut 30 for the clamping screw 27 is provided on the guide sleeve 29.

After the assembly of the cast ring 18 and the formwork ring 1 is completed, the adjacent annular members 21 are forcibly separated by rotating the tightening nut 30 by the tightening screw 27. Since this increases the diameter, the annular member 21 is made precisely circular by pressing the form ring formed by the form plate 3 and the form ring 1, and is reinforced.

FIG. 5 further shows a vertical support member 31 formed by a double T-shaped support member, which is joined to the annular member 21 disposed above by a wedge member fixture 10 and a wedge member 13. to stabilize the formwork. Preferably, three or more vertical support members 31 are provided per formwork.