JPH0547274Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0547274Y2 JPH0547274Y2 JP1987019291U JP1929187U JPH0547274Y2 JP H0547274 Y2 JPH0547274 Y2 JP H0547274Y2 JP 1987019291 U JP1987019291 U JP 1987019291U JP 1929187 U JP1929187 U JP 1929187U JP H0547274 Y2 JPH0547274 Y2 JP H0547274Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- glass
- solar radiation
- fluororesin
- transparent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005457 Black-body radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001780 ECTFE Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006367 Neoflon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本考案は、建物等の採光用開口部材に関し、例
えば採光用トツプライト、窓、採光屋根、オーニ
ング、庇、透明瓦、ルーバー、横型及び縦型ブラ
インドのスラツト材、カーテンのカーテン地、ロ
ールブラインドのブラインド地、ドレープ等室内
へ入射する太陽光線を適宜調整する日射遮蔽材に
関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to lighting opening members for buildings, etc., such as lighting top lights, windows, lighting roofs, awnings, eaves, transparent tiles, louvers, horizontal and vertical types. The present invention relates to solar shading materials that suitably adjust sunlight entering a room, such as slat materials for molded blinds, curtain materials for curtains, blind materials for roll blinds, and drapes.
かかる日射遮蔽材で例えば窓ガラスでは、太陽
光線が入射する室外側の表面の日射反射率を高め
たいわゆるミラーガラスは既に存在している。
Among such solar radiation shielding materials, for example, window glasses, so-called mirror glasses that have a high solar reflectance on the outdoor surface where sunlight enters are already available.
このように表面に日射反射率を高める方法とし
ては、ガラス自体の構造を積層ガラスとしてその
内部に反射層を設けるようなことも考えられる
が、これではガラス自体が厚手で、かつ特殊なも
のとなつてしまう。そこで、反射率を高める被膜
をガラスの表面に貼付けるだけで既設の窓ガラス
を日射反射率の高いものに簡単にかえることが行
われている。 One possible way to increase the solar reflectance on the surface is to use a laminated glass structure with a reflective layer inside, but this would require the glass itself to be thick and special. I get used to it. Therefore, existing window glass can be easily replaced with one that has a higher solar reflectance by simply applying a coating that increases the reflectance to the surface of the glass.
かかる被膜は、ポリエステルフイルムなどの基
材にアルミニウムを真空半蒸着し、さらに表面保
護のためアルミニウム蒸着面にポリエステル層な
どを重ねたいわゆるアルミニウム蒸着膜で、例え
ば商標名「サンシエード」等の名称で販売されて
いる。 Such a film is a so-called aluminum vapor-deposited film, which is made by semi-vacuum vapor-depositing aluminum onto a base material such as a polyester film, and then layering a polyester layer on the aluminum-deposited surface to protect the surface. has been done.
しかし、かかるアルミニウム蒸着膜を用いた場
合、例えば窓ガラスでは、ガラスは一部吸収する
日射によつてガラス自体の温度が上昇し、その表
面から室内に向けて長波放射が行われる。その結
果、ガラス自体の温度、ひいては室内温度が上昇
してしまうという欠点があつた。 However, when such an aluminum vapor-deposited film is used, for example, in a window glass, the temperature of the glass itself increases due to solar radiation that is partially absorbed by the glass, and long-wave radiation is emitted from the surface of the glass toward the interior of the room. As a result, there was a drawback that the temperature of the glass itself and, by extension, the room temperature rose.
特に耐候性などを考慮して、アルミニウム蒸着
膜をガラスの室内側面に張設した場合は、太陽光
線の大部分が一度ガラス内に入りそこから反射さ
れていくためこの傾向は著しい。 This tendency is particularly noticeable when an aluminum vapor-deposited film is attached to the interior side of the glass for weather resistance, as most of the sunlight once enters the glass and is reflected from there.
これに対して、商標名ネオフロンやアフレツク
スといつたフツ素樹脂製のフイルム材で選択放射
層をガラス等に形成することも考えられる。これ
を設けることにより、ガラスへの日射のうち大気
の透過率が比較的大きい約８〜13μｍの波長領域
の長波はフツ素樹脂の選択放射層により選択的に
強く天空へ向けて放射され、その結果ガラス自体
の温度を下降させる。 On the other hand, it is also conceivable to form the selective radiation layer on glass or the like using a film material made of fluororesin, such as the trade name NEOFLON or Afrex. By providing this, the long waves in the wavelength range of about 8 to 13 μm, where the atmospheric transmittance is relatively high among the solar radiation to the glass, are selectively and strongly radiated toward the sky by the selective radiation layer made of fluororesin. As a result, the temperature of the glass itself is lowered.
しかし、前記８〜13μｍの波長以外の領域で
は、約8μｍ以下の場合は主に室内に透過し、一
方約13μｍ以上ではガラスが吸収してしまい、室
内温度を上昇させたり、ガラス自体の温度を上昇
させてしまうことになる。 However, in wavelengths other than the 8-13 μm range, wavelengths of approximately 8 μm or less are mainly transmitted into the room, while wavelengths of approximately 13 μm or more are absorbed by the glass, raising the indoor temperature or lowering the temperature of the glass itself. It will cause it to rise.
このような温度上昇を抑えることが可能な日射
遮蔽材として、考案者は先に、ガラス等の透明基
盤に、アルミニウム蒸着による反射層とフツ素樹
脂による選択放射層とを形成したものを提案し
た。（実願昭61−58069号、出願日昭和61年４月17
日）
これは、単にアルミニウム蒸着膜を用いて日射
反射率を高めた日射遮蔽材と比べれば、その日射
遮蔽効果は大であるが、この場合においても外部
の眺望、明るさの確保などのため、この可視光が
直達日射（直射光）として目に入りまぶしさを感
じさせ不快であつた。 As a solar radiation shielding material capable of suppressing such temperature rises, the inventor previously proposed a material in which a reflective layer made of aluminum evaporation and a selective radiation layer made of fluororesin were formed on a transparent substrate such as glass. . (Utility Application No. 1983-58069, filing date April 17, 1986)
(Japanese) This has a greater solar radiation shielding effect than a solar shielding material that simply uses an aluminum vapor-deposited film to increase the solar reflectance, but in this case, it is also important to ensure external views and brightness. This visible light enters the eyes as direct sunlight, causing a feeling of glare and discomfort.
さらに、前記のような従来技術の日射遮蔽材で
は太陽光反射層及び赤外線反射層が室内からの光
を正反射し、特に夜間においては室内の照明具か
ら発せられる光が日射遮蔽材で室内に向かつて反
射され、その光の反射部分とそれ以外の部分との
輝度差が大きくなるため日射遮蔽材面がギラつ
き、居住者に不快感を与えるという問題点があつ
た。 Furthermore, in the conventional solar shading materials described above, the sunlight reflecting layer and the infrared rays reflecting layer regularly reflect light from indoors, and especially at night, the solar shading material prevents light emitted from indoor lighting from entering the room. There was a problem in that the light was reflected towards the sun, and the difference in brightness between the reflected part and the other part became large, causing the surface of the solar shielding material to glare, causing discomfort to residents.
本考案の目的は前記従来例の不都合を解消し、
室内側に向う熱放射量を抑制し、日射遮蔽効果を
増大させ、かつ可視光を一部透過させるものであ
つてもまぶしさを感じさせない窓ガラスなどの日
射遮蔽材を提供することにある。 The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the conventional example,
To provide a solar radiation shielding material such as a window glass that suppresses the amount of heat radiation toward the indoor side, increases the solar radiation shielding effect, and does not cause glare even if it partially transmits visible light.
本考案は前記目的を達成するため、ガラス等の
透明基盤の屋外側の面に極薄で可視光透過性があ
るアルミ蒸着による反射層を設け、さらに、この
反射層より屋外側に極薄で可視光透過性があり、
かつ８〜13μｍの波長領域の長波を選択的に放射
するフツ素樹脂による選択放射層を設け、また、
この選択放射層よりも室内側に、極薄で可視光透
過性があり、かつ赤外部である長波長域の放射率
の小さい選択透過層を形成し、さらに、層又は基
盤に光の拡散手段を施したことを要旨とするもの
である。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ultra-thin reflective layer made of aluminum evaporation that is transparent to visible light on the outdoor side of a transparent substrate such as glass, and furthermore, an ultra-thin reflective layer is provided on the outdoor side of the transparent substrate such as glass. Transparent to visible light,
and a selective radiation layer made of fluororesin that selectively emits long waves in the wavelength range of 8 to 13 μm, and
A selectively transmitting layer is formed on the indoor side of the selectively emitting layer, which is extremely thin and transparent to visible light, and has a low emissivity in the long wavelength region of the infrared region, and furthermore, a light diffusing means is formed on the layer or the base. The main point is that this has been done.
本考案によれば窓ガラスを例に説明すると、ガ
ラスへの日射のうち大気の透過率が比較的大きい
約８〜13μｍの波長領域の長波はフツ素樹脂によ
る選択放射層により選択的に強く天空へ向けて放
射され、その結果ガラス自体の温度を下降させ
る。さらに、前記波長領域以外の放射熱はフツ素
樹脂層を通過してアルミニウム蒸着による反射層
に至るが、ここで大部分反射されガラスに吸収さ
れる分はより減少される。
According to the present invention, using a window glass as an example, the long waves in the wavelength range of about 8 to 13 μm, where the transmittance of the atmosphere is relatively large, are selectively strongly transmitted to the sky by the selective radiation layer made of fluororesin. , which lowers the temperature of the glass itself. Furthermore, although the radiant heat outside the wavelength range passes through the fluororesin layer and reaches the reflective layer made of vapor-deposited aluminum, most of it is reflected there, and the amount absorbed by the glass is further reduced.
加えて、選択透過膜層がある場合は、これに至
る日射の一部はその長波放射率が小さいため室内
側へ向かう放射熱をさらに減少させる。 In addition, if there is a selectively permeable membrane layer, part of the solar radiation reaching the membrane layer has a low long-wave emissivity, which further reduces the radiant heat directed toward the indoor side.
また、室内の照明具から発せられて日射遮蔽材
により反射される照明光などは日射遮蔽材で乱反
射して室内に拡散され、日射遮蔽材を一部透過し
た可視光線も乱反射されて室内に拡散されるので
室内側の人間はまぶしさを感じることはない。 In addition, the illumination light emitted from indoor lighting equipment and reflected by the solar shading material is diffusely reflected by the solar shading material and diffused into the room, and the visible light that partially passes through the solar shading material is also diffused indoors. Therefore, people inside the room do not feel any glare.
以下、図面について本考案の実施例を詳細に説
明する。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本考案の日射遮蔽材にかかる窓ガラス
の第１実施例を示す断面図で、図中１は通常の窓
用のガラスである。なお、ガラス１の他にアクリ
ル樹脂、ポリカーボネイト樹脂などの他の透明基
盤でもよい。 FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a window glass according to the solar radiation shielding material of the present invention, and numeral 1 in the figure is a glass for an ordinary window. In addition to the glass 1, other transparent substrates such as acrylic resin and polycarbonate resin may be used.
このガラス１は光の拡散手段として外側面（室
外側面）に微細な凹凸７を施したものであり、さ
らにその上にアルミニウム蒸着層２を形成し、該
アルミニウム蒸着層２の外側面に可視光透過性が
あり長波長放射率の小さいフツ素樹脂層３を形成
した。 This glass 1 has fine irregularities 7 formed on its outer surface (outdoor surface) as a means for diffusing light, and furthermore, an aluminum vapor-deposited layer 2 is formed on the outer surface of the glass 1, and visible light is formed on the outer surface of the aluminum vapor-deposited layer 2. A fluororesin layer 3 having transparency and low long-wavelength emissivity was formed.
ここで長波長放射率とは、長波長域の放射率
（≒吸収率）のことである。また、長波長とは、
赤外部のことで、0.75μｍ以上のことをいう。 The long wavelength emissivity here refers to the emissivity (≒absorption rate) in the long wavelength range. Also, long wavelength is
Infrared refers to wavelengths of 0.75 μm or more.
図示は省略するが、前記微細な凹凸７は、アル
ミニウム蒸着層２とフツ素樹脂層３との間に施す
ようにしてもよい。 Although not shown, the fine irregularities 7 may be formed between the aluminum vapor deposited layer 2 and the fluororesin layer 3.
前記アルミニウム蒸着層２としては、例えばポ
リエステルフイルムにアルミニウムを真空半蒸着
し、さらにその上にポリエステル層を重ねた反射
フイルム（商標名サンシエード）を接着剤を用い
たり、熱溶着等でガラス１の表面に接着加工して
形成する。一方、フツ素樹脂層３としては、ポリ
テトラフルオロエチレン、ポリクロロトリフルオ
ロエチレン、ポリビニリデンフルオライド、ポリ
ビニルフルオライド、テトラフルオロエチレン−
ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体、テトラフル
オロエチレン−エチレン共重合体、テトラフルオ
ロエチレン−パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテ
ル共重合体、クロロトリフルオロエチレン−エチ
レン共重合体等のフツ素樹脂材を用いて、例えば
フイルム上に成形したものをガラス１の表面に接
着剤を用いたり、熱溶着等で接着加工する。 As the aluminum vapor deposition layer 2, for example, a reflective film (trade name: Sunshade), which is made by semi-vacuum vapor-depositing aluminum on a polyester film and further layering a polyester layer thereon, is attached to the surface of the glass 1 by using an adhesive or thermal welding. Formed by adhering to. On the other hand, as the fluororesin layer 3, polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene-
For example, by using a fluororesin material such as hexafluoropropylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, or chlorotrifluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer, The molded product is bonded to the surface of the glass 1 using an adhesive or by thermal welding.
また、他の実施例として前記フツ素樹脂材を液
体にしてアルミ蒸着層２の表面に塗布することも
考えられる。これらアルミ蒸着層２とフツ素樹脂
層３とは一体的なフイルムとして構成することも
でき、その場合、かかるフイルムはフツ素樹脂膜
に直接アルミニウムを蒸着して作成される。 Furthermore, as another embodiment, it is also conceivable that the fluororesin material is made into a liquid and applied to the surface of the aluminum vapor deposited layer 2. The aluminum vapor-deposited layer 2 and the fluororesin layer 3 can also be constructed as an integral film, in which case such a film is created by directly vapor-depositing aluminum onto the fluororesin film.
また、さらにガラス１の内側（室内側）に光透
過性があり長波長放射率の小さい選択透過膜４を
設けた。 Furthermore, a selective transmission film 4 having light transmittance and low long-wavelength emissivity was provided inside the glass 1 (on the indoor side).
その場合、図２に示すように光の拡散手段とし
ての微細な凹凸７はこの選択透過層４の室内側面
に形成することもできる。 In that case, as shown in FIG. 2, fine irregularities 7 as light diffusing means can be formed on the indoor side surface of this selective transmission layer 4.
該選択透過層４は、(1)真空蒸着やスパツタリン
グによりMgF2のような低屈折率の誘電体を反射
防止膜としてコーテイングする方法、(2)ガラスな
どの表面を選択エツチングし、低屈折率の表面層
を作る方法、(3)赤外域で反射率の大きい金属薄膜
を誘電体で挟んで可視域の透過率を上げる方法、
(4)可視域で透明であるに十分なバンドキヤツプ
（3eV以上）をもつ半導体（例えばSnO2，In2O3，
Cd2SnO4など）中の自由キヤリアのプラズマ振動
によるカツトオフを利用する「Drude Mirror」
法などによりガラス１の内側に施される。（例え
ば東レ(株)の商品名（商標）ルミソーラ、帝人(株)の
商品名（商標）レフテル、三井東圧化学(株)の商品
名（商標）ヒートミラーなど）。 The selective transmission layer 4 can be formed by (1) coating a dielectric material with a low refractive index such as MgF 2 as an anti-reflection film by vacuum evaporation or sputtering, or (2) selectively etching the surface of glass or the like to form a film with a low refractive index. (3) a method to increase the transmittance in the visible region by sandwiching a thin metal film with high reflectance in the infrared region between dielectric materials;
(4) Semiconductors (e.g. SnO 2 , In 2 O 3 ,
"Drude Mirror" utilizes cut-off caused by plasma vibration of free carriers in Cd 2 SnO 4 , etc.)
It is applied to the inside of the glass 1 by a method or the like. (For example, Toray Industries, Ltd.'s trade name (trademark) Lumisola, Teijin Ltd.'s trade name (trademark) Reftel, Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd.'s trade name (trademark) Heat Mirror, etc.).
なお、フツ素樹脂層３による選択放射層やアル
ミニウム蒸着層２による反射層や選択透過膜４の
被膜厚を極薄に形成しておけば、反射率、放射率
特性を確保しつつ可視光線を透過できるから、ガ
ラス１やアクリル樹脂、ポリカーボネイト樹脂な
どの透明基盤上に前記選択放射層、反射層及び選
択透過膜４を施しても室内側から室外側を見るこ
とができ、視界がさえぎられることがない。 Note that if the selective emission layer made of the fluororesin layer 3, the reflective layer made of the aluminum vapor deposited layer 2, and the selective transmission film 4 are made extremely thin, visible light can be emitted while ensuring reflectance and emissivity characteristics. Since it is transparent, even if the selective emission layer, reflective layer, and selective transmission film 4 are provided on a transparent substrate such as glass 1, acrylic resin, or polycarbonate resin, the outdoor side can be seen from the indoor side, and the view is not obstructed. There is no.
これら選択放射層３、反射層２、選択透過層４
は前記のごとく可視光線透過率が大きいから、ガ
ラス１等が着色されていてもその色を損なうこと
がないものである。また、一部不透明な基盤ある
いは（かつ）層があつても良い。 These selective emission layer 3, reflective layer 2, selective transmission layer 4
As mentioned above, since the visible light transmittance is high, even if the glass 1 etc. is colored, the color will not be impaired. Further, there may be a partially opaque base or/and layer.
次に使用法について説明する。 Next, how to use it will be explained.
先に、本考案の低温効果の原理について説明す
る。 First, the principle of the low temperature effect of the present invention will be explained.
周知のごとく、大気放射は８〜13μｍの所に大
気の窓と呼ばれる放射密度の少ない部分がある。 As is well known, atmospheric radiation has a region with low radiation density called the atmospheric window at a range of 8 to 13 μm.
このため、８〜13μｍの間で、吸収率（即ち放
射率）が高く、その他の波長で反射率の高い物体
（この部分を選択放射体と呼ぶ）を大気に面して
置くと、黒体よりも低温度まで冷却される。 For this reason, if an object (this part is called a selective radiator) with high absorption rate (i.e. emissivity) and high reflectance at other wavelengths between 8 and 13 μm is placed facing the atmosphere, a blackbody cooled to a lower temperature than
その原理を図で示すと第６図は黒体（放射率
ελ＝1.0）の場合の放射エネルギー収支である。 To illustrate the principle in a diagram, Figure 6 shows the radiant energy balance in the case of a black body (emissivity ελ=1.0).
大気の下向放射は８〜13μｍ以外の波長では周
囲外気温度と同じ温度の黒体放射と同じ放射を行
うため、黒体が外気温以下になるとこの部分の放
射収支が＋になり、温度降下が制限される。 Atmospheric downward radiation at wavelengths other than 8 to 13 μm emits the same radiation as blackbody radiation at the same temperature as the surrounding outside air temperature, so when the blackbody falls below the outside temperature, the radiation balance in this part becomes positive, causing a temperature drop. is limited.
一方、仮に理想的に８〜13μｍで吸収率（即ち
放射率）が0.5（ε＝ａ＝0.5）、その他では1.0（ε
＝ａ＝0.1）の物体があると、第７図のように第
６図と同じ物体温度でもエネルギー収支が−とな
つてより低下する。 On the other hand, if ideally the absorption rate (i.e. emissivity) is 0.5 (ε = a = 0.5) at 8 to 13 μm, and 1.0 (ε
= a = 0.1), as shown in Fig. 7, even if the object temperature is the same as in Fig. 6, the energy balance becomes - and becomes lower.
現実には、このようなステツプ状の波長特性を
持つ物体は、本考案以外には公表されていない
が、本考案は第３図に示す特性を有するフツ素樹
脂層３と第５図に示す特性を有する長波長放射率
の小さい選択透過膜４を組合わせることにより得
られる。 In reality, an object with such step-like wavelength characteristics has not been published other than the present invention, but the present invention has a fluororesin layer 3 having the characteristics shown in FIG. 3 and a material having the characteristics shown in FIG. This can be obtained by combining a selectively transmitting film 4 with a characteristic characteristic and a low long wavelength emissivity.
本考案によれば、ガラス１への日射はこのガラ
ス１より一部反射されて外部へ戻るものと、一部
透過して室内へ出るものと、一部吸収されてガラ
ス１の温度を上昇させるものに分かれる。 According to the present invention, solar radiation on the glass 1 is partially reflected by the glass 1 and returned to the outside, partially transmitted and exits indoors, and partially absorbed, increasing the temperature of the glass 1. Divided into things.
ところで、フツ素樹脂層３は、その特性は第３
図に示すように層３の表面から大気の透過率が比
較的大きい約８〜13μｍの波長領域の長波放射熱
６が選択的に強く天空に向けて放射され、その結
果ガラス１や層３を形成する被膜自体の温度が下
降され、また室内側へ向けての長波放射も減じる
ことができる。なお、第３図の波線は通常ガラス
の場合を示す。 By the way, the characteristics of the fluororesin layer 3 are as follows.
As shown in the figure, long-wave radiation heat 6 in the wavelength range of about 8 to 13 μm, where the atmospheric transmittance is relatively high, is selectively and strongly radiated toward the sky from the surface of the layer 3, and as a result, the glass 1 and the layer 3 are The temperature of the coating itself to be formed is lowered, and long-wave radiation toward the indoor side can also be reduced. Note that the wavy line in FIG. 3 indicates the case of normal glass.
このとき、前記約８〜13μｍ以外の放射熱は層
３を透過してしまうため、この透過放射をアルミ
ニウム蒸着層２により反射させて外部にもどし室
内に透過する成分及びガラス１に吸収される成分
を減少させる。該層２の特性は第４図に示す通り
であり、図中波線は通常のガラスの場合を示す。 At this time, since the radiant heat other than about 8 to 13 μm is transmitted through the layer 3, this transmitted radiation is reflected by the aluminum vapor deposited layer 2 and returned to the outside, and the component that transmits into the room and the component that is absorbed by the glass 1. decrease. The characteristics of the layer 2 are as shown in FIG. 4, in which the wavy line indicates the case of ordinary glass.
このようにして、ガラスに吸収される成分を減
らし、室内へガラス自体が熱せられて放射される
放射熱５を減少させることができる。 In this way, the components absorbed by the glass can be reduced, and the radiant heat 5 radiated into the room by heating the glass itself can be reduced.
さらに、このような効果を損わずに前記微細な
凹凸７を透過する光やこの部分での反射光を乱反
射により拡散させることができる。そして、この
拡散効果は特に室内側からの光に対しても有効に
発揮される。 Furthermore, without impairing such effects, the light that passes through the fine unevenness 7 and the light that is reflected at this portion can be diffused by diffused reflection. This diffusion effect is particularly effective against light coming from inside the room.
室内側表面に選択透過膜層４を施したので、第
５図に示すようにその長波放射率が小さいため室
内側へ向かう放射熱５をさらに減少させることが
できる。（ちなみに、透過率（Ｔ）＋反射率（Ｒ）
＋吸収率（Ａ）＝100％である。）
フツ素樹脂層３の特性は第３図に示したが、透
過しなかつた光はほとんど吸収されると考えられ
る。 Since the selectively permeable membrane layer 4 is applied to the indoor surface, its long-wave emissivity is low as shown in FIG. 5, so that the radiant heat 5 directed toward the indoor side can be further reduced. (By the way, transmittance (T) + reflectance (R)
+Absorption rate (A)=100%. ) The characteristics of the fluororesin layer 3 are shown in FIG. 3, and it is thought that most of the light that does not pass through is absorbed.
そこで例えば、全波長域において、一様に反射
する金属輝面の上にフツ素樹脂層３を積層させた
場合を考えてみる。 For example, let us consider a case where a fluororesin layer 3 is laminated on a metal bright surface that reflects uniformly in the entire wavelength range.
データそのものはないが、大気の窓８〜13μｍ
において吸収率（即ち放射率）が大きく、その他
の波長で吸収率（即ち放射率）が小さく、反射率
の大きい物体が得られる。 Although there is no data, the atmospheric window is 8 to 13 μm.
An object can be obtained that has a large absorption rate (that is, emissivity) at other wavelengths, a small absorption rate (that is, emissivity) at other wavelengths, and a large reflectance.
本考案においては、このような金属輝面ではな
くアルミ蒸着層２と選択透過膜４を用いている。 In the present invention, an aluminum vapor deposited layer 2 and a selectively permeable film 4 are used instead of such a metal bright surface.
このアルミ蒸着層２は第４図の、また、選択透
過膜４は、第５図の特性を持つている。 The aluminum vapor deposited layer 2 has the characteristics shown in FIG. 4, and the selectively permeable membrane 4 has the characteristics shown in FIG.
なお、この選択透過膜４は波長13μｍ以上にお
いても反射率は大きい。 Note that this selective transmission film 4 has a high reflectance even at wavelengths of 13 μm or more.
本考案のごとくフツ素樹脂層３とアルミ蒸着層
２および選択透過膜４とを積層させた場合の波長
特性はないが、長波長（0.75μｍ以上）において
は、先の金属輝面とフツ素樹脂層２の組合せと同
様な特性（選択放射特性が得られる。）
しかも、可視光部分において、金属輝面の場合
と異なり、可視光の一部を透過させ、外部が眺望
できるという特徴が現れる。 Although there is no wavelength characteristic when the fluororesin layer 3, aluminum evaporated layer 2, and selective transmission film 4 are laminated as in the present invention, at long wavelengths (0.75 μm or more), the metallic bright surface and the fluorine It has the same characteristics as the combination of resin layer 2 (selective radiation characteristics can be obtained).Moreover, in the visible light part, unlike the case of a metal bright surface, a part of the visible light is transmitted and the outside can be seen. .
一方、乱反射手段としては前記実施例のごとく
微細な凹凸７を設ける以外に、各層１，２，３，
４の一部又は全部に乳半剤粒子を混入させるよう
にしてもよい。このような乳半剤粒子の混入でも
微細な凹凸７と同様な透過反射光の拡散が行なえ
る
なお、図示は省略するが微細な凹凸は外気側表
面に作成しても良く、室内側表面、あるいは各層
間に作成することと併用しても良い。 On the other hand, as the diffused reflection means, in addition to providing the fine unevenness 7 as in the above embodiment, each layer 1, 2, 3,
Milk and semi-milk particles may be mixed into part or all of 4. Even if such emulsion particles are mixed in, it is possible to diffuse the transmitted and reflected light in the same way as the fine irregularities 7.Although not shown in the drawings, fine irregularities may be created on the surface on the outside air side, or on the indoor side surface. Alternatively, it may be used in combination with creating between each layer.
以上は窓ガラスについて説明したが、本考案の
日射遮蔽材はこれに限定されるものではなく、例
えば採光用トツプライト、採光屋根、ひさし、オ
ーニング、透明な外部ルーバーなどの外部日射遮
蔽物及び横型及び縦型ブラインドのスラツト材、
ロールブラインド、カーテン、ドレープなどの室
内日射遮蔽部などに適用可能である。さらに外壁
等にも適用できる。 Although window glass has been described above, the solar shading material of the present invention is not limited to this, and includes external solar shading materials such as top lights for daylighting, daylighting roofs, eaves, awnings, transparent external louvers, and horizontal type solar shading materials. and slats for vertical blinds,
It can be applied to indoor solar shading parts such as roll blinds, curtains, and drapes. Furthermore, it can be applied to external walls, etc.
本考案の日射遮蔽材を室内で利用する場合、ガ
ラス近傍の空気又は室内日射遮蔽材とガラスとの
間の空気の温度が上昇することとなるので、この
部分の空気をフアン等で室外に排出することも考
えられる。 When using the solar shading material of the present invention indoors, the temperature of the air near the glass or between the indoor solar shading material and the glass will rise, so the air in this area will be exhausted outside using a fan, etc. It is also possible to do so.
以上述べたように本考案の日射遮蔽材は、外部
への反射を高め室内側面から室内に向けての熱放
射量を抑制することができるものであり、日射遮
蔽効果を増大することができ、しかも外部、内部
からの透過光、反射光を拡散させ、まぶしさを減
少させることができるものである。
As described above, the solar radiation shielding material of the present invention can enhance reflection to the outside and suppress the amount of heat radiation from the indoor side toward the interior, and can increase the solar radiation shielding effect. Moreover, it can diffuse transmitted light and reflected light from the outside and inside, thereby reducing glare.
また、構成としてもガラス等の透明基盤に被膜
を設け、微細な凹凸等の加工を施したり、乳半剤
粒子を混入させるだけですむので容易かつ安価に
製作でき、取扱いも簡単なものである。 In addition, it can be manufactured easily and inexpensively, as it requires only a coating on a transparent substrate such as glass, processing such as fine irregularities, and mixing semi-milk particles, and is easy to handle. .
第１図は本考案の日射遮蔽材の第１実施例を示
す断面図、第２図は第２実施例を示す断面図、第
３図はフツ素樹脂層の特性を示すグラフ、第４図
はアルミニウム蒸着層の特性を示すグラフ、第５
図は選択透過層の特性を示すグラフ、第６図、第
７図は黒体の放射エネルギー収支を説明する説明
図である。
１……ガラス、２……アルミニウム蒸着層、３
……フツ素樹脂層、４……選択透過層、５……放
射熱、６……放射熱、７……微細な凹凸。
Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing the first embodiment of the solar radiation shielding material of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the second embodiment, Fig. 3 is a graph showing the characteristics of the fluororesin layer, and Fig. 4 is a graph showing the characteristics of the aluminum vapor deposited layer, the fifth
The figure is a graph showing the characteristics of the selective transmission layer, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are explanatory diagrams explaining the radiant energy balance of a black body. 1...Glass, 2...Aluminum vapor deposition layer, 3
...Fluororesin layer, 4...Selective transmission layer, 5...Radiant heat, 6...Radiant heat, 7...Minute unevenness.
Claims (1)
視光透過性があるアルミ蒸着による反射層を設
け、さらに、この反射層より屋外側に極薄で可
視光透過性があり、かつ８〜13μｍの波長領域
の長波を選択的に放射するフツ素樹脂による選
択放射層を設け、また、この選択放射層よりも
室内側に、極薄で可視光透過性があり、かつ赤
外部である長波長域の放射率の小さい選択透過
層を形成し、さらに、層又は基盤に光の拡散手
段を施したことを特徴とする日射遮蔽材。 (2) 光の拡散手段は、層面又は基盤面に微細な凹
凸を形成する実用新案登録請求の範囲第１項記
載の日射遮蔽材。 (3) 光の拡散手段は、層中に乳半剤粒子を混入さ
せる実用新案登録請求の範囲第１項記載の日射
遮蔽材。[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) An ultra-thin reflective layer made of aluminum evaporation that is transparent to visible light is provided on the outdoor side of a transparent substrate such as glass, and an ultra-thin reflective layer is provided on the outdoor side of the reflective layer. A selective emission layer made of fluororesin that transmits visible light and selectively emits long waves in the wavelength range of 8 to 13 μm is provided. 1. A solar radiation shielding material comprising a selectively transmitting layer that is transparent and has a low emissivity in the long wavelength region of the infrared region, and further comprising a light diffusion means provided on the layer or the base. (2) The solar radiation shielding material according to claim 1, wherein the light diffusion means forms fine irregularities on the layer surface or the base surface. (3) The solar radiation shielding material according to claim 1, in which the light diffusion means includes emulsion particles mixed into the layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1987019291U JPH0547274Y2 (en) | 1987-02-10 | 1987-02-10 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1987019291U JPH0547274Y2 (en) | 1987-02-10 | 1987-02-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63127593U JPS63127593U (en) | 1988-08-22 |
| JPH0547274Y2 true JPH0547274Y2 (en) | 1993-12-13 |
Family
ID=30813760
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1987019291U Expired - Lifetime JPH0547274Y2 (en) | 1987-02-10 | 1987-02-10 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0547274Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4888585B2 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2012-02-29 | ソニー株式会社 | Optical body, wall material, joinery, and solar shading device |
| JP2012018424A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2012-01-26 | Sony Corp | Optical body, wall material, fittings and solar shading device |
| JP2015099397A (en) * | 2015-02-19 | 2015-05-28 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Optical body, wall material, fittings and solar shading device |
| JP2017049590A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-09 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Optical body, wall material, fittings, and solar shading device |
| JP2022157676A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-14 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Ultraviolet ray absorbing sheet, and metallic foil and interior material used for ultraviolet ray absorbing sheet |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5485283A (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1979-07-06 | Teijin Ltd | Use of heat-reflecting transparent composite sheet |
| JPS5542928U (en) * | 1978-09-14 | 1980-03-19 | ||
| JPS5535136B2 (en) * | 1976-03-31 | 1980-09-11 | ||
| JPS617538B2 (en) * | 1975-06-23 | 1986-03-07 | Dba Sa |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5535136U (en) * | 1978-08-31 | 1980-03-06 | ||
| JPS5693492U (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1981-07-24 | ||
| JPH0711143Y2 (en) * | 1984-06-18 | 1995-03-15 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Building window glass |
-
1987
- 1987-02-10 JP JP1987019291U patent/JPH0547274Y2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS617538B2 (en) * | 1975-06-23 | 1986-03-07 | Dba Sa | |
| JPS5535136B2 (en) * | 1976-03-31 | 1980-09-11 | ||
| JPS5485283A (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1979-07-06 | Teijin Ltd | Use of heat-reflecting transparent composite sheet |
| JPS5542928U (en) * | 1978-09-14 | 1980-03-19 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63127593U (en) | 1988-08-22 |
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