JPH0954274A - Lighting method and lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to take in the stable natural light regardless of the blue sky or cloudy sky and to generate a bright interior environment. SOLUTION: A double layered surface material S of a lighting lens system consists of figured glass 1, a linear type Fresnel lens 2 and transparent glass 3 and constitutes a three-layered structure as a whole. The figured glass 1 is formed with the smooth surface on the outer side to facilitate the cleaning thereof. In addition, the surface on the inner side, i.e., the side facing the linear type Fresnel lens 2 is rugged. The surface of the linear Fresnel type Fresnel lens 2 on the side facing the ruggedness of the figured glass 1 is formed as a staircase-like Fresnel face 2a and the surface on the side facing the ruggedness of the transparent glass 3 is smoothed. The Fresnel grooves 2a' of the Fresnel surface 2a are horizontally oriented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a daylighting method and a daylighting device for daylighting natural light from a window of a building or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when natural light is shined through a window, the area near the glass window is bright and becomes darker as it goes away from the window, and it is difficult to effectively illuminate the interior of the room. It was Further, when it is desired to take light into the room but not to see it from the outside, conventionally, mold glass, frosted glass or the like has been used, but there is a problem such as poor light collection ability.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The object of the present invention is to be able to take in stable natural light regardless of fine weather and cloudy weather, and to be bright. It is to provide a daylighting method and a daylighting device that can create an indoor environment.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a daylighting method of the present invention uses a multi-layered light-receiving lens system composed of a linear or Fresnel lens and a transparent or semitransparent plate material that transmits and scatters light. It is characterized by doing. Further, it is characterized in that the Fresnel surface of the linear Fresnel lens is oriented to the incident side to collect light. Further, the Fresnel groove of the Fresnel surface of the linear Fresnel lens is horizontally oriented to collect light. Furthermore, it is characterized in that the above-mentioned multi-layered surface material for a daylighting lens system is used as a blinding material for a veranda for daylighting.

A daylighting device of the present invention is characterized in that the above-mentioned multi-layered surface material for a daylighting lens system is incorporated into a daylighting opening of a building. Further, the color and the shape of the Fresnel surface of the linear type Fresnel lens are changed and combined in a design manner, or configured to prevent the transmission of ultraviolet rays. Further, the lighting lens system multi-layer surface material is configured as a movable louver or a movable louver type sash,
It is also characterized in that it is configured as a blind. Furthermore, the present invention is also characterized in that a reflecting blind is provided inside the light-collecting lens system multi-layer face material to control the direction of light emitted from the face material.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a lighting lens system multi-layered surface material S for use in the lighting method of the present invention.
Is a linear Fresnel lens, and 3 is transparent glass, and the template glass 1 and the transparent glass 3 constitute a three-layer structure in which the linear Fresnel lens 2 is sandwiched. The transparent or translucent plate material for transmitting / scattering light in the present invention is not limited to the template glass 1 described above, and it is a plate material made of glass or synthetic resin, and unevenness is formed on one side or both sides. Any of the above can be used. The irregularities include fine irregularities such as ground glass. The transparent member such as the transparent glass 3 does not necessarily have to be used, and the lighting lens system multilayer surface material S of the present invention may have a two-layer structure of the plate material such as the template glass 1 and the linear Fresnel lens 2. .

The template glass 1 has an outer surface that is smooth to facilitate cleaning, and an inner surface, that is, the surface facing the linear Fresnel lens 2 is uneven. The plate material such as the template glass of the present invention may have irregularities on both sides or irregularities on the outside. The transparent or translucent plate material that is transparent / scattered may be a material other than glass, such as synthetic resin such as acrylic resin. In the fireproof / semi-fireproof area, the template glass 1 is preferably made of meshed glass.

The linear Fresnel lens 2 has a stepped Fresnel surface 2a on the side facing the irregularities of the template glass 1 and a smooth surface on the side facing the transparent glass 3. ing. The Fresnel groove 2a 'of the Fresnel surface 2a is horizontally oriented. The thickness of the linear Fresnel lens 2 is usually about 1 to 2 mm.

Since the linear Fresnel lens 2 is generally made of acrylic resin and is easily scratched,
It is preferable to protect both sides or one side by sandwiching the template glass 1 and the transparent glass 3 or the like, but the present invention is not limited to this. FIG. 2 shows the spectra of the emitted light from the sunlight and the fluorescent lamp, the tungsten bulb, and the light emitted from the condensing transmission device that emits the sunlight through the optical fiber, and the emitted light that transmits the sunlight through the acrylic plate (thickness: 3 mm). It is calculated and graphed for each intensity wavelength, and it can be seen that the spectral distribution of sunlight obtained through an acrylic flat plate is close to that of sunlight. Therefore, it is confirmed that the acrylic flat plate is most suitable as a material for the daylighting window that takes in natural light into the room. The linear Fresnel lens 2 may be made of a resin material such as a polycarbonate resin or a vinyl chloride resin in addition to the acrylic resin.

FIG. 3 shows the linear Fresnel lens 2 described above.
In the case where the Fresnel surface 2a of (1) is directed to the exit light side (A) and the case where it is directed to the incident light side (B), the convergence of the exit light with respect to the change in the incident angle of sunlight and the width is measured. From this measurement result, it is understood that the case (B) in which the Fresnel surface 2a is directed to the incident light side is more effective. The embodiment of FIG. 1 shows the case where the Fresnel surface 2a is directed to the incident light side, that is, the template glass 1 side, but in the present invention, the Fresnel surface 2a is emitted as in the above (A). It may be directed to the light side, that is, the transparent glass 3 side.

By using a known ultraviolet absorbing glass as the template glass 1 or the transparent glass 3 described above, it is possible to obtain the light with ultraviolet rays cut off. Further, the same purpose as described above can be achieved by mixing a known ultraviolet absorber into the linear Fresnel lens 2.

The transparent glass 3 has smooth surfaces on both sides and generally has a thickness of about 2 to 4 mm. However, when the wind pressure is high such as in a high-rise building, the thickness of the transparent glass 3 is larger than that of the transparent glass 3. Glass is preferable.

Since the daylighting lens system multilayer surface material S used in the method and daylighting apparatus of the present invention is constructed as described above, as shown in FIG.
Although it is incident on the outer surface of the template glass 1 from obliquely above, the transmitted light is diffused by the irregularities of the template glass 1, refracted by the Fresnel surface 2a of the linear Fresnel lens 2 and simultaneously converged to form the transparent glass 3 The emitted light enters the room in a direction substantially perpendicular to the room, and as a result, the room becomes brighter toward the back. This daylighting effect is also clear from the measurement results shown in FIGS.

FIG. 4 shows a daylighting window, which includes the template glass 1, the linear Fresnel lens 2 and the transparent glass 3.
The window sash 4 is provided with the multi-layered surface material S of the daylighting lens system having a three-layer structure.
It is configured to fit in. 5 is a watertight sealing material. As the daylighting device of the present invention, any other device such as a curtain wall or a glass screen may be used as long as it is configured by incorporating the daylighting lens system multilayer surface material S into the daylighting opening of a building.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a measuring device for confirming the effect of the lighting window, 6 is a solar radiation device, and 7 is an illuminance sensor. The solar radiation device 6 is a device for reproducing outdoor natural light in a laboratory, and is configured by arranging, for example, 65 400W metal halide lamps. Further, the illuminance sensor 7 measures vertically or horizontally. For this illuminance measurement, a template glass 1 with a thickness of 4 mm, a linear Fresnel lens 2 with a thickness of 1.3 mm, and a thickness of 3 m
m transparent glass 3 was used.

FIG. 6 shows a measuring device for confirming the effect of the double daylighting window in which the transparent glass 3 is attached to the inside of the daylighting window (inside the room) at a predetermined interval and the heat insulating property in the cold district is taken into consideration. 6 is an explanatory view of FIG. 5, in which the same solar radiation device 6 and illuminance sensor 7 as in FIG. 5 are set.

FIG. 7 shows the measurement apparatus shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 above. The template glass only, template glass + lens + transparent glass, template glass + transparent glass double window, template glass, transparent glass + lens + transparent The figure shows the illuminance measurement results when the illuminance sensor 7 is placed vertically at a position 1 m from the window for four types of glass double windows, and the template glass of this application + lens + transparent glass is It was confirmed that the illuminance was about 6 times as high as that of plate glass, and that the double window also had about 4 times as much illuminance.

FIG. 8 shows the measurement apparatus shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 described above. The template glass only, template glass + lens + transparent glass, template glass + transparent glass double window, template glass, transparent glass + lens + transparent glass. The figure shows the illuminance measurement results when the illuminance sensor 7 is placed vertically at a position 2 m from the window for four types of glass double windows. The template glass of this application + lens + transparent glass are It was confirmed that the illuminance was about 4 times that of plate glass, and that the double window also showed about 3 times the illuminance.

FIG. 9 shows the measurement apparatus shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 described above. The template glass only, template glass + lens + transparent glass, template glass + transparent glass double window, template glass, transparent glass + lens + transparent glass. The figure shows the illuminance measurement results when the illuminance sensor 7 is placed vertically at a position 3 m from the window for four types of glass double windows, and the template glass of this application + lens + transparent glass is It was confirmed that the illuminance was about 3 times that of plate glass, and that the double window also showed about 2 times the illuminance.

FIG. 10 shows the measurement apparatus shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 described above. The template glass only, template glass + lens + transparent glass, template glass + transparent glass double window, template glass, transparent glass + lens + transparent glass. The figure shows the illuminance measurement results when the illuminance sensor 7 is placed horizontally 1 m from the window for four types of glass double windows. The template glass of this application + lens + transparent glass are It was confirmed that the illuminance was about 10 times that of plate glass, and that the double window also showed about 8 times the illuminance.

FIG. 11 shows the measurement apparatus shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 described above. The template glass only, template glass + lens + transparent glass, template glass + transparent glass double window, template glass, transparent glass + lens + transparent glass. The figure shows the illuminance measurement results when the illuminance sensor 7 is placed horizontally at a position 2 m from the window for four types of glass double windows. The template glass of this application + lens + transparent glass are Illuminance is about 4 to 5 times that of plate glass, and about 3 to 4 even in double glazing
It was confirmed that the illuminance was four times as high.

FIG. 12 shows the measurement apparatus shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 described above. The template glass only, template glass + lens + transparent glass, template glass + transparent glass double window, template glass, transparent glass + lens + transparent glass. The figure shows the illuminance measurement results when the illuminance sensor 7 is placed horizontally at a position 3 m from the window for four types of glass double windows, and the template glass of this application + lens + transparent glass is It was confirmed that the illuminance was about 3 times as high as that of plate glass, and that the double glazing also showed 2 to 3 times as much illuminance.

FIG. 13 shows another embodiment in which a reflective blind having one surface as a reflective surface is provided inside the lighting window.
By controlling the direction of the light emitted from the daylighting window, it is possible to lighten the area just below the window, such as in a kitchen.

FIG. 14 shows another example in which the linear type Fresnel lens 2 is incorporated into the surface material of the movable louver or the surface material of the movable louver sash (trade name: Jalousie) so that the direction of light can be adjusted to a necessary portion. However, the glass movable louver can easily perform ventilation. If the surface material of the movable louver is made of, for example, glass that prevents ultraviolet light transmission, ultraviolet light can be cut off. If the Fresnel groove is horizontal, the direction of the louver may be not only the horizontal direction but also the vertical direction.

A plurality of fin-shaped surface materials incorporating the linear Fresnel lens 2 can be vertically or horizontally moved and stacked in addition to the above-described movable louvers and movable louver sashes which rotate at the same position. It may be configured in a blind format.

FIG. 15 shows still another embodiment in which a linear Fresnel lens 2 is used to give a window a varying pattern. In this case, the Fresnel lens A and the Fresnel lens B respectively change colors. By changing the direction of the Fresnel surface 2a, it is possible to give different brightness and different colors.

In FIG. 16, the lighting lens system multi-layered surface material S of the present invention is used as a blinding material for a balcony of a condominium or the like, whereby it is possible to increase the brightness of the balcony and the room facing it.

[0028]

[Effects of the Invention] 1) Stable natural light can be always taken in regardless of fine weather and cloudy weather, and a bright indoor environment can be obtained, so that energy saving of indoor lighting can be achieved. 2) It can be easily attached to windows of ordinary houses and condominiums using a normal sash frame, and no special preparatory work is required. 3) Direct sunlight of the sun is not transmitted as it is, but is transmitted / scattered by a plate material and is emitted by a linear Fresnel lens in a direction substantially perpendicular to the face material to be taken in, so there is little sunburn on the wall or tatami mat. 4) It captures clouds and other scattered light, so effective lighting can be obtained even when mounted on the north window. 5) By changing the color of the linear Fresnel lens and the shape of the Fresnel surface and combining them in design, it is possible to provide a daylighting device having an excellent design. 6) It is also possible to prevent the transmission of ultraviolet rays.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a daylighting system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the spectral intensity of an acrylic plate or the like at each wavelength.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing characteristics of an exit angle with respect to an incident angle of a linear Fresnel lens.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a daylighting window.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an illuminance measuring device.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an illuminance measuring device in a double window.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing an illuminance measurement result by the measuring device of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing an illuminance measurement result by the measuring device of FIG.

9 is a graph showing an illuminance measurement result by the measuring device of FIG.

10 is a graph showing an illuminance measurement result by the measuring device of FIG.

11 is a graph showing the illuminance measurement result by the measuring device of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing an illuminance measurement result by the measuring device of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a daylighting window combined with a reflective blind.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of an application example to a movable louver type.

FIG. 15 is a front view showing an example of a combined lighting window of a plurality of Fresnel lenses.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram in which the daylighting lens system is used for a blindfold plate of a veranda.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 type plate glass 2 linear type Fresnel lens 2a Fresnel surface 2a 'Fresnel groove 3 transparent glass 4 window sash 5 watertight seal material 6 solar radiation device 7 illuminance sensor S multi-layer surface material for lighting lens system

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Mitsuru Osawa 1-16-14 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Tokyu Construction Co., Ltd.

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A daylighting method characterized in that light is collected by a light-collecting lens system multi-layered surface material composed of a linear or Fresnel lens and a transparent or semitransparent plate material that transmits and scatters light. 2. The daylighting method according to claim 1, wherein the Fresnel surface of the linear type Fresnel lens is oriented on the incident side to collect light. 3. The daylighting method according to claim 1, wherein the Fresnel groove of the Fresnel surface of the linear Fresnel lens is horizontally oriented for lighting. 4. The daylighting method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the daylighting lens system multi-layered surface material is used as a blinding material for a veranda for daylighting. 5. A daylighting device comprising the daylighting lens system multilayer surface member incorporated in a daylighting opening of a building. 6. The daylighting device according to claim 5, wherein the linear Fresnel lens is changed in color and Fresnel surface shape and combined in design. 7. The daylighting device according to claim 5, wherein the linear Fresnel lens is configured to prevent transmission of ultraviolet rays. 8. The daylighting device according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the daylighting lens system multi-layer surface material is configured as a movable louver or a movable louver type sash. 9. The light-guiding lens system multilayer surface material is configured as a blind.
The daylighting device according to. 10. A structure in which a reflecting blind is provided inside the lighting lens system multi-layer face material to control the direction of light emitted from the face material.
The daylighting device according to 6, 7, or 8.