JP2541815Y2 - Solar control material - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The invention relates to a horizontal or vertical blind slat material,
The present invention relates to a solar control material for appropriately adjusting sunlight rays entering a room, such as a curtain material for a curtain, a blind material for a roll blind, an external louver, an eave, a daylighting toplight, a sunroof, a transparent roof, a transparent tile, and a window glass.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as a kind of blind slat, a sunlight reflecting layer composed of a metal thin film that appropriately reflects sunlight is provided on the outdoor side (outside side) of a transparent synthetic resin substrate, and the indoor side (inside side). Is provided with an infrared reflection layer for reflecting radiant heat from the outdoor side.

According to this slat, part of the visible light is transmitted, so in the daytime when the outside of the room is brighter than the inside of the room, the slat can be viewed outside even if the slat is fully closed, and the solar heat is shut off in summer. The visible light can be appropriately adjusted while controlling the visible light in winter, and the radiant heat can be prevented from flowing out of the room while the visible light can be adjusted appropriately, thereby increasing the heating effect.

Furthermore, in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 61-202415 (Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 63-104597), in addition to the above-described configuration, in order to diffuse transmitted light,
Fine irregularities or the like are provided on the surface or the like, and a milk half agent is mixed into the substrate.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Japanese Utility Model Application No. Sho 61-202415 (Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 63-104597)
In the slats, the sunlight reflection layer and the infrared reflection layer of the slat regularly reflect light from inside the room, and particularly at night, light emitted from indoor lighting fixtures is reflected toward the room by the slat, and the reflected portion of the light Since the difference in brightness between the slat surface and the other portions becomes large, the problem that the slat surface is glaring and discomfort is given to the occupant can be solved. However, especially with respect to transparent light when insolation is strong, the above-mentioned fine unevenness or the like does not have a large diffusion effect, and the glare cannot be eliminated.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the inconvenience of the conventional example, to reliably reduce glare even in strong solar radiation, and to freely adjust the brightness of a room by transmitting visible light while appropriately adjusting it. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar control material capable of suppressing heat radiation to the indoor side, saving energy of indoor cooling energy, and improving a living environment.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dimming device in which a transparent conductive layer is formed on both sides of an electrochromic element layer in which a liquid crystal is encapsulated in a polymer polymer, and a protective layer formed of a polyester layer on both outer sides. Selective absorption in which the exterior surface of the light control device is covered with a heat ray reflective film having a high solar reflectance, the interior surface has a low emissivity, and the emission of radiant heat toward the interior is controlled. A transparent conductive layer is formed on both sides of an electrochromic element layer in which liquid crystal is encapsulated in a polymer polymer, and both sides are covered with a protective layer of a polyester layer. The light control device is covered with a heat ray reflective film having a high solar reflectance, and the indoor surface is covered with a selective transmission film which transmits visible light. It is an gist.

[Action]

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the dimming device applies a predetermined amount of voltage as needed from a state in which no voltage is applied by the electrochromic element.
Alternatively, by changing the time of the applied voltage, the light beam passing through the light control device can be surely diffused, and a reduction in glare can be expected.

More specifically, if an alternating current of 40 to 50 V is applied between the electrodes of the transparent conductive layer in the electrochromic element layer portion of the film of the light control device, this portion becomes transparent.

When the voltage is removed, the opaque state returns to the original cloudy state. The cloudy state is based on liquid crystal confusion.

In general, liquid crystals correspond to directions parallel to and perpendicular to the axes of molecules, respectively, and have large and small birefringence. Therefore, when no voltage is applied, light incident on the film of the light control device undergoes a large change in the refractive index at the interface between the polymer matrix of the electrochromic element layer and the liquid crystal, and is strongly refracted and scattered.

On the other hand, when a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal is arranged parallel to the electric field.

If the index of refraction of the polymer matrix is close to the normal index of refraction of the liquid crystal, light incident perpendicular to the film will not be scattered.

As an example, the surface reflection of the film on the electrochromic element layer is 5 to 10%, and the transmittance of visible light is 77% and 82% when no voltage is applied and when it is applied.

However, only a dimming device using such an electrochromic element can reduce only glare.

Therefore, in the present invention, the amount of radiant heat to the room side of the heat rays partially absorbed by the light control device by either the selective absorption film or the selective transmission film having a low emissivity covering the indoor side surface of the light control device is determined. Can be reduced.

The selective absorption film appropriately absorbs visible light, reduces the emissivity toward the indoor side, and suppresses radiant heat toward the indoor side.

The selectively permeable film appropriately transmits visible light, increases infrared reflectance from the indoor side, reduces emissivity toward the indoor side, and suppresses radiant heat toward the indoor side.

In addition to this, in the present invention, most of the heat rays (near infrared rays) in the sunlight incident on the heat ray reflective film having a high solar reflectance covering the outdoor surface of the light control device are reflected, and the temperature of the light control device itself is reduced. The rise can be suppressed.

As described above, in addition to reducing the glare caused by the light control device, one of the selective absorption film and the selectively permeable film,
Or, by appropriately combining any of these with the heat ray reflective film, while having visible light transmission (the outside can be viewed even when closed), it suppresses radiant heat that is uncomfortable for indoor occupants during sunshine, This leads to a reduction in cooling energy.

In general, in addition to being able to freely adjust the brightness of the room by freely controlling the visible light transmittance by the dimming device, it is possible to suppress an increase in the room temperature and improve the living environment.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing a first embodiment of the solar radiation control material of the present invention, in which 1 is a dimming device using an electrochromic element.

An electrochromic element is a so-called reversible voltage [qi] color changing material. When a constant voltage is applied, the total transmittance is almost the same, and the parallel light transmittance changes. As shown in FIG. 3, a transparent conductive layer 6 was formed on both sides of an electrochromic element layer 5 in which liquid crystal was encapsulated in a polymer polymer, and both outer sides were covered with a protective layer of a polyester layer 7. It is referred to as film 8.

Then, the film 8 is bonded to one surface of a transparent substrate 9 made of a synthetic resin or glass, or is sandwiched between the transparent substrates 9 as shown in FIG.

According to the present invention, in order to form a blind slat or window glass with such a dimming device 1, the indoor side surface, that is, the indoor side surface, has a long-wavelength emissivity (generally simply referred to as "emissivity"). ).

This selective absorption film 2 absorbs visible light,
The multilayer film constituting the selective absorption film 2 forms an anti-reflection film that does not cause reflection in the sunlight region due to an interference effect on a material that reflects infrared light well, and if the anti-reflection film transmits infrared light well, The characteristics shown in Fig. 10 can be expected. Although most dielectric materials are candidates for the coating material, matching between the base metal and the refractive index is necessary. For example, when the refractive index of the coating is n ₁ and the complex refractive index of the base is n ₂ −ik ₂ , the wavelength λ
In order to make the reflectance R zero, n ₁ must satisfy the following equation.

n ₁ = ^{_{[n 2 + k 2 2 / (}} n 2 -1) ] ^1/2 (1) The thickness d of the coating must satisfy the following equation.

n ₁ d = (λ / 4) [(2N + 1) + arg r ₁ (2) In the above equation, N means an integer. The symbol arg r ₁ is the phase difference between the real and imaginary parts of the underlying Fresnel reflection coefficient.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the indoor side surface of the light control device 1 is covered with a selective permeable film 3.

The selective transmission film 3 may be formed by coating a low-refractive-index dielectric such as MgF ₂ as an antireflection film by vacuum evaporation or sputtering, or by selectively etching the surface of glass or the like to obtain a low-refractive-index surface. How to make layers,
A method of increasing the transmittance in the visible region by sandwiching a metal thin film having a high reflectance in the infrared region with a dielectric, or a semiconductor having a band cap (3 eV or more) sufficient to be transparent in the visible region (for example, S
The "Drude Mirror" method utilizing the cutoff of free carriers in nO ₂ , In ₂ O ₃ , Cd ₂ SnO _4, etc. by plasma vibration can be adopted. You can use off-the-shelf products such as Reftel, a brand name heat mirror of Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Co., Ltd., Lumicool 5000 of FSK Corporation, and Lumisola of Toray.

In both the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the outdoor surface of the light control device 1, that is, the outdoor surface, is a heat ray reflective film 4 having a large solar reflectance. Covered.

The heat ray reflective film 4 may be, for example, a vacuum film obtained by vacuum-evaporating aluminum on a polyester film and further stacking a polyester layer thereon (Sunshade, trade name of Sunshade Industries Co., Ltd.) or Lumicool 1015 of FSK Co., Ltd. The heat ray reflective film 4 was bonded to the surface of the light control device 1 using an adhesive or by heat welding.

 Next, usage and the like will be described.

The solar control materials of the present invention include horizontal or vertical blind slats, window glass, curtain curtains, roll blinds, external louvers, eaves, awnings, daylighting top lights, sunroofs, transparent roofs, transparent tiles, etc. Although it can be applied to a wide range, it differs depending on, for example, whether a slat or a window glass is formed at the light control device 1 or the like depending on the application.

In the blind slat, the transparent substrate 9 of the light control device 1 shown in FIG. 3 is a slat made of a transparent synthetic resin, and a film 8 is attached to the slat surface. The structure of the composite glass is adopted by using the substrate 9 as a glass plate.

As shown in FIG. 7, the dimming device 1 includes an application device such as a combination of an AC or DC power supply 10 and a switch 11 for ON / OFF control, a transformer 12 for changing the amount of current by an input signal, or a timer. Connecting. A solar cell or the like can also be used as the DC power supply 10.

Thus, for example, the film 8 of the light control device 1
The transparent conductive layer 6 in the portion of the electrochromic element layer 5
This part becomes transparent if an alternating current of 40 to 50 V is applied between the electrodes.

When the voltage is removed, the opaque state returns to the original cloudy state. The cloudy state is based on liquid crystal confusion.

FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 illustrate such a state.
In general, the liquid crystal 13 has a large and small birefringence index corresponding to the direction parallel to the molecule axis and the direction perpendicular to the molecule axis. Accordingly, when no voltage is applied as shown in FIG. 6, light incident on the film 8 of the light control device 1 causes a large refractive index change at the interface between the polymer matrix 14 of the electrochromic element layer 5 and the liquid crystal 13. And is strongly refracted and scattered.

On the other hand, when a voltage is applied as shown in FIG.
13 are arranged in parallel to the electric field (in FIG. 3, the vertical direction is between the transparent conductive layers 6 which are transparent electrodes).

If the refractive index of the polymer matrix 14 is made to be close to the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal 13, light that is perpendicularly incident on the film 8 will not be scattered.

As an example, the surface reflection of the film 8 on the electrochromic element layer 5 is 5 to 10%, and the visible light transmittance is 77% and 82%, respectively, when no voltage is applied and when voltage is applied.
%.

As another example, when a liquid crystal shutter of Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. is used as the light control device 1, the structure is as shown in FIG. 4, but the basic characteristics are as follows. is there.

As can be seen from Table 1, when 100 V is applied, the parallel light transmittance is 82% (total transmittance 89%), and when 0 V is applied (total transmittance 89%).
6%. That is, it is diffused when 0 V is applied.

In the present invention, most of the solar radiation incident on the solar control material is reflected outward by the heat ray reflective film 4, but a part is absorbed internally to increase the temperature of the solar control material. As a result, radiant heat is emitted from the indoor side surface of the solar control material toward the room, but the selective absorption film 2 and the selective transmission film 3 covering the indoor side surface of the light control device 1 have a small emissivity, so that the indoor The emission of radiant heat toward the sun is controlled, so that in the summer most of the sun's heat rays and outdoor hot air do not enter the room.

On the other hand, the warm air in the room is conveyed to the selective absorption membrane 2 and the selective permeable membrane 3.
And is returned to the room again, so that the warm air inside the room does not flow outside through the window in winter.

Further, at this time, the visible light partially transmitted can be diffused if no voltage is applied by the light control device 1, and can be taken in as a parallel light if applied, so that any one can be selected as necessary.

By the way, when the sunshade (trade name) is used as the heat ray reflection film 4, as shown in FIG.
%reflect. The broken line in the figure indicates the case of glass.

When a film obtained by treating a permselective film on a polyester film (trade name: Lumisola) is used as the permselective film 3, as shown in FIG.
%, While the reflectivity of the heat rays is about 70%.

If the thickness of the heat ray reflection film 4, the selective absorption film 2, and the selective transmission film 3 is extremely thin, visible light can be transmitted while ensuring the reflectance and the emissivity characteristics. The device 1 itself is transparent, and the heat ray reflection film 4 and the selective absorption film 2 or the selective transmission film 3 are formed on the surface of the light control device 1.
By applying the voltage, the exterior can be seen from the indoor side when a voltage is applied to the electrochromic element layer 5 of the light control device 1, and the field of view is not blocked.

 When no voltage is applied, the light is diffused, so that it is not dazzling.

Moreover, the heat ray reflection film 4, the selective absorption film 2, and the selective transmission film 3
Since the visible light transmittance is large as described above, even if the light control device 1 is colored, the color is not spoiled.

By the way, when the solar control material of the present invention is disposed inside a window glass as a blind or a curtain, the heat partially absorbed by the light control device 1 is controlled as described above. However, since the heat is radiated to the outside, the temperature of the air between the window glass and the light control device 1 rises. Therefore, it is desirable to discharge the air in this portion to the outside with a fan or the like. It is.

In the first and second embodiments, most of the solar radiation incident on the solar control material is no longer reflected to the outside by the heat ray reflective film 4, and most of the solar light is absorbed internally by the light control device 1 and the solar control material is Although the temperature is increased, the emission of radiant heat toward the indoor side is controlled by the selective absorption film 2 and the selective transmission film 3, and the light control device 1 produces diffused light, so that there is an effect that the light is not dazzled. Therefore, it is possible to secure a certain level of comfort.

[Effect of the invention]

As described above, according to the solar radiation control material of the present invention, it is possible to control the heat radiation to the indoor side, so that the solar radiation shielding effect can be increased, the indoor is cool in summer, and the indoor warm air is reflected again to the indoor side. Winter is warm.

Furthermore, since the light control device can select diffused light or parallel light, even when receiving strong solar radiation, the light passing therethrough can be surely diffused and glare can be reduced.

As described above, in addition to reducing the glare caused by the light control device, one of the selective absorption film and the selectively permeable film,
Or, by appropriately combining any of these with a heat ray reflective film, while having visible light transmission (the outside can be viewed even when closed), it suppresses radiant heat that is uncomfortable for indoor occupants during sunshine, This leads to a reduction in cooling energy.

Generally, in addition to being able to freely adjust the brightness of the room by freely controlling the visible light transmittance by the dimming device, it is possible to suppress an increase in the room temperature and improve the living environment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical side view showing a first embodiment of the solar radiation control material of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical side view showing a second embodiment of the same, FIG.
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view showing an example of the dimming device. FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view showing another example of the dimming device.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the electrochromic element, FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of an application device in the light control device, FIG. 8 is a graph showing an example of the light transmittance of the heat ray reflective film, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a graph showing an example of light transmittance and reflectance of the film, and FIG. 10 is a graph showing characteristics of the selective absorption film. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Light control device 2, ... Selective absorption film 3 ... Selective transmission film 4, ... Heat ray reflection film 5 ... Electrochromic element layer, 6 ... Transparent conductive layer 7 ... Polyester layer, 8 ... Film 9 Transparent substrate, 10 Power supply 11 Switch, 12 Transformer 13 Liquid crystal, 14 Polymer matrix

Claims (2)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A dimming device comprising a film in which a transparent conductive layer is formed on both sides of an electrochromic element layer in which a liquid crystal is encapsulated in a polymer polymer, and both outer sides are covered with a protective layer of a polyester layer. The light control device has an outdoor surface covered with a heat ray reflective film having a high solar reflectance, and an indoor surface covered with a selective absorption film having a low emissivity and controlling emission of radiant heat toward the indoor side. A solar control material characterized by the following. 2. A dimming device comprising a film in which a transparent conductive layer is formed on both sides of an electrochromic element layer in which a liquid crystal is sealed in a polymer polymer, and both outer sides are covered with a protective layer of a polyester layer. A solar control material, wherein the exterior surface of the light control device is covered with a heat ray reflective film having a high solar reflectance, and the interior surface is covered with a selective transmission film that transmits visible light.