JPH05340633A - Heat storage type air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a heat storage type air conditioner having a high efficiency and high safety while using heat storage utilizing night power in a multi- chamber type air conditioner. CONSTITUTION:A primary side refrigerating cycle has a primary side heat exchanger 14a of a refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX and a primary side heat exchanger 13a of a heat reservoir STR connected in parallel. A secondary side refrigerating cycle has a secondary side heat exchanger 13b of the reservoir STR and a refrigerant conveying pump PM provided in parallel with indoor side heat exchangers 17 in such a manner that a heat transfer area of the exchanger 13b is larger than that of the exchanger 13a. Thus, a large quantity of heat is efficiently and rapidly removed from the reservoir STR, no accident of water loss occurs, and safety is enhanced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat storage type air conditioner having a heat storage function for utilizing surplus electric power at night and the like and a control function thereof in an air conditioner using air as a heat source.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various conventional heat storage type air conditioners have already been developed, for example, refrigeration / sixth type.
There is a heat storage type air conditioner as shown in P358 of Volume 2, No. 714 (April, 1987).

The basic technique will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the air-cooling heat pump 1 has a refrigeration cycle A in which a compressor 2, a four-way valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an outdoor expansion valve 5, a Freon-to-brine heat exchanger 6 are sequentially connected in an annular shape.
On the other hand, a freon-to-brine heat exchanger 6, a brine-to-water heat exchanger 7, a heat storage tank 8, and a brine pump 9 are sequentially connected in an annular shape to form a brine circulation cycle B.

On the load side, the brine-to-water heat exchanger 7, the heat storage tank 8, the cold / hot water pump 10, and the indoor unit 12 are sequentially connected in an annular shape to form a cold / hot water circulation cycle C.

In this heat storage type air conditioner, during the nighttime operation, the four-way valve 3 switches the ice making operation and the heat storing operation in the refrigeration cycle A, and during the ice making operation, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the solid line arrow in the figure to perform the cooling cycle. It is formed and stored as ice around the heat transfer tube in the heat storage tank 8 in the brine circulation cycle B via the Freon-to-brine heat exchanger 6.

Further, during the heat storage operation, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the broken line in the drawing to form a heating cycle, and heat is stored as hot water in the heat storage tank 8 in the brine circulation cycle B through the CFC-to-brine heat exchanger 6 as well. .. In this case, the brine to water heat exchanger 7 is not used.

On the other hand, during the daytime operation, the cold / hot water circulation cycle C is used.
In, the cold / hot water in the heat storage tank 8 is sent to the indoor unit 12 by the cold / hot water pump 10 to perform cooling / heating. At this time, in order to improve the efficiency in the cold / hot water circulation cycle C, the refrigeration cycle A and the brine circulation cycle B are operated in the cooling or heating mode, and the cold / hot water circulation cycle C is operated through the brine / water heat exchanger 7. Pre-cool or pre-heat the cold / hot water.

As described above, surplus power energy at night is converted into heat and stored, and the power is used in the daytime to suppress the power peak at a high load time in the daytime and to level the power usage. Is possible.

[0009]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, since the two heat exchangers are interposed between the heat source side and the load side, the efficiency is low, and cold / hot water is directly conveyed to the load side. Therefore, there is a drawback that a water leakage accident may occur.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage type air conditioner having high efficiency and high safety.

[0011]

In order to achieve this object, a heat storage type air conditioner of the present invention is a heat storage type air conditioner comprising a primary side refrigeration cycle and a secondary side refrigeration cycle via a heat storage tank. In the second aspect, the heat transfer area for exchanging heat with the heat storage material filled in the heat storage tank is configured to be larger in the secondary side heat exchange section than in the primary side heat exchange section.

[0012]

The function of this technical means is as follows.

A compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a switching valve, a primary side heat exchange section of a refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger, and a primary side heat exchange section in a heat storage tank are connected to each other. In the secondary refrigeration cycle, the heat storage material is passed through the heat storage tank primary side heat exchange section by controlling the switching valve and the expansion valve in a state where the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger is not used by utilizing surplus power at night or the like. Cold storage,
Or store heat.

On the other hand, in the daytime operation, in the primary side refrigeration cycle, the switching valve is controlled to operate without using the primary side heat exchange section of the thermal storage tank, and in addition to the cold storage heat in the thermal storage tank, the refrigerant pair The operation of the secondary refrigeration cycle is performed in which the cooling / heating capacity in the primary refrigeration cycle is exchanged with the refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle via the refrigerant heat exchanger.

That is, the heat storage material storing cold heat in the heat storage tank exchanges heat with the refrigerant, and the refrigerant is transferred to the indoor heat exchanger by the refrigerant transfer pump to exchange heat with the indoor air (cooling or heating). To do. At this time, since the secondary side heat exchange section in the heat storage tank has a larger heat transfer area than the primary side heat exchange section, the heat transfer area is larger than that in the cold storage operation or the heat storage operation. Exchange or cooling or heating operation can be performed.

It is needless to say that, due to the above-mentioned operation, heating or cooling operation can be performed in the daytime by cold storage heat using surplus electric power at night, etc. For example, a large amount of heat can be efficiently and rapidly taken out from the heat storage tank, that is, load responsiveness can be improved, and the heat quantity of the heat storage tank can be utilized to the maximum extent. Further, since the CFC refrigerant or the like is used as the refrigerant, there is no leakage into the air-conditioned room due to corrosion of the piping, and there is no accident such as water loss, which is highly safe.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same components as those of the prior art will be designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a refrigeration cycle diagram of a heat storage type air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention. The heat storage type air conditioner of this embodiment includes an outdoor unit 21 and an indoor unit 12, and the outdoor unit 21 includes a compressor 2, a four-way valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an expansion valve 5, and a three-way valve KV1. From the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX consisting of the primary side heat exchange section 14a and the secondary side heat exchange section 14b, and the primary side heat exchange section 13a and the secondary side heat exchange section 13b filled with the heat storage material 16. Heat storage tank ST
The indoor unit 12 is composed of an R and a refrigerant transfer pump PM, and the indoor unit 12 is composed of an indoor heat exchanger 17.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the heat storage tank STR shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the primary-side heat exchange section 13a and the secondary-side heat exchange section 13b of the heat storage tank STR are configured such that the primary-side heat exchange section 13a is composed of only the heat transfer pipe P1 and the secondary-side heat exchange section 13b. Is composed of a fin F and a heat transfer tube P2, and the heat transfer area of the secondary side heat exchange section 13b to the heat storage material 16 is several stages larger than the heat transfer area of the primary side heat exchange section 13a. It's getting bigger.

In the outdoor unit 21, the compressor 2 and
The four-way valve 3, the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and the expansion valve 5 are sequentially communicated with each other, and the three-way valve KV1 is further used to connect the primary side heat exchange section 14a of the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX and the heat storage tank STR. Of 1
The primary side refrigeration cycle is formed by communicating with the secondary side heat exchange section 13a in parallel.

On the other hand, the secondary side heat exchange section 1 of the STR in the heat storage tank
3b and the secondary heat exchanger 1 of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX
4b, the reversible refrigerant transport pump PM, and the indoor heat exchanger 17 are sequentially connected to each other to form a secondary refrigeration cycle.

Next, the operation of the structure of this embodiment will be described. Table 1 shows the open / closed states of the four-way valve 3, the expansion valve 5, and the three-way valve KV1 and the working state (evaporator or condenser) of each heat exchanger in each case in this embodiment. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to (Table 1).

[0023]

[Table 1]

First, the ice making / heat storage operation (primary refrigeration cycle) at night will be described. In the primary side refrigeration cycle, the heat storage tank STR operates to operate the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger HE.
The three-way valve KV1 is switched so that X does not act, and the refrigerant transfer pump PM in the secondary side refrigeration cycle is stopped.

The operation of the primary side refrigeration cycle in this case will be described below. Regarding the mode of the four-way valve 3, the discharge side of the compressor 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and the compressor 2
When the suction side and the heat storage tank STR are connected to each other, the cooling mode is used.
A case where the discharge side of the compressor 2 and the heat storage tank STR, and the suction side of the compressor 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 4 are connected to each other, is defined as a heating mode.

Regarding the three-way valve KV1, the first mode is set so that the heat storage tank STR and the expansion valve 5 communicate with each other in the primary side refrigeration cycle, and the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX and the expansion valve 5 are connected.
The setting communicating with and is defined as the second mode.

Night-time ice making operation: The four-way valve 3 is set in the cooling mode, the expansion valve 5 is set at a predetermined opening, and the three-way valve KV1 is set in the first mode. At this time, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant sent from the compressor 2 is
It is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 4, decompressed by the expansion valve 5 to be in a liquid or two-phase state, evaporated in the pipe of the primary side heat exchange section 13a in the heat storage tank STR, and absorbs heat from the heat storage material 16. Then, it returns to the compressor 2.

As a result, since the primary side heat exchange section 13a is only the heat transfer tube P1, natural convection in the tank is not obstructed, and ice is relatively uniformly generated outside the tube in the entire heat transfer tube in the tank. Will be done.

Night-time heat storage operation: The four-way valve 3 is a heating mode, the expansion valve 5 is a predetermined opening degree, and the three-way valve KV1 is a first mode. At this time, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant sent from the compressor 2 is
After condensing in the pipe of the primary side heat exchange section 13a in the heat storage tank STR and radiating heat to the heat storage material 16, the pressure is reduced by the expansion valve 5 to become a liquid or two-phase state, and inside the pipe of the outdoor heat exchanger 4. After evaporating and absorbing heat from the outside, it returns to the compressor 2.

As a result, in the heat storage tank STR, heat is stored as hot water without obstructing natural convection in the tank, as in the case of the night ice making operation.

Next, the daytime operation (secondary refrigeration cycle) will be described. In this case, the heat is stored in the heat storage tank STR (heat storage), but in the primary side refrigeration cycle, the three-way valve KV1 is used as the first mode to evaporate the secondary side heat exchange section 14a of the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX. It operates as a condenser (condenser).

At the same time, in the secondary refrigeration cycle, the secondary heat exchange section 14b of the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX is operated to operate.

In this state, the refrigerant in the secondary side refrigeration cycle is sent by the refrigerant transfer pump PM to the secondary side heat exchange section 13b in the heat storage tank STR, and the secondary side heat exchange section 13b has fins F. , And the heat transfer tube P2, a large heat transfer area can be obtained, and heat can be efficiently exchanged with the heat storage material 16 in the heat storage tank STR at high speed.

During cooling, the refrigerant flows as shown by arrow a in FIG. 1, and the refrigerant cooled in the secondary side heat exchange section 13b in the heat storage tank STR is further cooled by the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX 2.
It is sent to the secondary side heat exchange section 14b and cooled by heat exchange with the secondary side heat exchange section 14a of the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX in the primary side refrigeration cycle to become a liquid refrigerant.

After that, it is sent to the indoor heat exchanger 17 where it exchanges heat with the indoor air to cool the indoor air and
The refrigerant itself becomes a high-temperature gas refrigerant, which is 2 in the heat storage tank STR.
The operation of returning to the next-side heat exchange section 13b is repeated.

Further, during heating, the refrigerant flows as shown by the arrow b in FIG. 1, and the refrigerant heated in the secondary heat exchange section 13b in the heat storage tank STR is further cooled by the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger HE.
It is sent to the secondary side heat exchange section 14b of X and is sent to the secondary side heat exchange section 14 of the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX in the primary side refrigeration cycle.
It is heated by heat exchange with a to become a gas refrigerant.

After that, the reversible refrigerant transfer pump PM sends the heat to the indoor heat exchanger 17 where it exchanges heat with the indoor air to heat the indoor air, and the refrigerant itself becomes a low-temperature liquid refrigerant and is reversible. The action of returning to the refrigerant transport pump PM is repeated.

In this way, it is possible to deal with the case where the indoor load during the day is sufficiently large, and the cooling / heating operation is performed in the indoor unit.

As a method of expanding the heat transfer area for the heat storage material of the secondary side heat exchange section in the heat storage tank, instead of installing fins as in the above embodiment, the entire length of the heat transfer tube is changed to the primary side heat exchange section. The same effect can be obtained with a longer length.

As described above, in the above embodiment, the heat storage tank S
In the heat storage type air conditioner consisting of the primary side refrigeration cycle and the secondary side refrigeration cycle via TR, the heat storage tank STR
Is a primary-side heat exchange section 13 composed of only the heat transfer tube P1.
a and a secondary side heat exchange section 13b including a heat transfer tube P2 and fins F.

As a result, it goes without saying that the heating or cooling operation can be performed during the daytime by the cold storage heat using the surplus power at night, etc., and the secondary side heat exchange section in the heat storage tank
A large amount of heat can be efficiently and rapidly taken out from the heat storage tank at high load, that is, load responsiveness is improved, and the heat quantity of the heat storage tank can be utilized to the maximum extent.

Further, since the Freon refrigerant or the like is used as the refrigerant,
There is no leakage into the air-conditioned room due to corrosion of the piping, and there is no accident such as water loss, which is highly safe.

[0043]

As described above, the present invention is a heat storage type air conditioner comprising a primary side refrigeration cycle and a secondary side refrigeration cycle through a heat storage tank, and heat exchange with the heat storage material filled in the heat storage tank. The heat transfer area of the secondary side heat exchange section is larger than that of the primary side heat exchange section.

As a result, it goes without saying that heating or cooling operation can be performed in the daytime by the cold storage heat using the surplus power at night, etc., and the secondary side heat exchange section in the heat storage tank
A large amount of heat can be efficiently and rapidly taken out from the heat storage tank at high load, that is, load responsiveness is improved, and the heat quantity of the heat storage tank can be utilized to the maximum extent.

Further, as the refrigerant uses CFC refrigerant or the like,
There is no leakage into the air-conditioned room due to corrosion of the piping, and there is no accident such as water loss, which is highly safe.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a refrigeration system diagram of a heat storage type air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a heat exchanger in a heat storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a refrigeration system diagram of a heat pump type air conditioner showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Compressor 3 Four-way valve 4 Outdoor heat exchanger 5 Expansion valve 13a Primary heat exchange part of heat storage tank 13b Secondary heat exchange part of heat storage tank 14a Primary heat exchange part of refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 14b Refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger secondary side heat exchange unit 16 Heat storage material 17 Indoor heat exchanger STR Heat storage tank P1, P2 Heat transfer pipe F Fin HEX Refrigerant to refrigerant heat exchanger PM Refrigerant transfer pump KV1 Three-way valve

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Kozo Suzuki 1-3-1, Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc. (72) Yoshihide Sugita 1-3-1, Uchisaiwai-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Kyoden Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a switching valve are connected in series, and a primary side heat exchange section and a secondary side heat exchange section are provided. Refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchangers, primary heat exchange parts of a heat storage tank having a primary side heat exchange part and a secondary side heat exchange part are arranged in parallel, and the flow path of the refrigerant is switched by the switching valve. The primary side refrigeration cycle made possible, the secondary side heat exchange section in the heat storage tank, and the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 2
The secondary side heat exchange section, the refrigerant transfer pump, and the secondary side refrigeration cycle in which the indoor side heat exchanger is connected in an annular shape are formed, and the heat transfer area for exchanging heat with the heat storage material filled in the heat storage tank is 1 A heat storage type air conditioner in which the secondary heat exchange section is larger than the secondary heat exchange section.