JP3502155B2 - Thermal storage type air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat storage function for utilizing nighttime power in an air conditioner using air as a heat source.
And a heat storage type air conditioner having the control function. 2. Description of the Related Art Various types of regenerative air conditioners have already been developed.
There is a regenerative air conditioner as disclosed in JP-A-507. [0003] The basic technology will be described below. As shown in FIG. 2, the outdoor unit includes a compressor 2, a four-way valve 3, a heat source side heat exchanger 4, a cooling / heating decompression device 5, and a first auxiliary heat exchanger 14 a which are sequentially connected in a ring shape to form a heat source side refrigeration cycle. While the second auxiliary heat exchanger 14 is integrally formed so as to exchange heat with the first auxiliary heat exchanger 14a.
b, the refrigerant amount adjusting tank 10, the refrigerant transport pump PM, and the use side heat exchangers 15a, 15b are sequentially connected in a ring to form a use side refrigeration cycle. Further, a heat storage heat exchanger 13a is installed in parallel with the first auxiliary heat exchanger 14a in the heat source side refrigeration cycle, and is installed in parallel with the second auxiliary heat exchanger 14b in the use side refrigeration cycle. Radiating heat exchanger 13
b and a heat storage tank STR having water 16 as a heat storage material. In the heat source side refrigeration cycle, the circuit switching between the first auxiliary heat exchanger 14a and the heat storage heat exchanger 13a is performed by three-way switching valves 17a and 17b. The switching of the circuit between the exchanger 14b and the heat-exchanging heat exchanger 13b is performed by the three-way flow valves 18a and 18b. The operation of the regenerative air conditioner configured as described above will be described. First, the nighttime operation is an operation of only the heat source side refrigeration cycle, and is switched to the ice making operation and the heat storage (hot water) operation by the four-way valve 3 in the heat source side refrigeration cycle. The refrigerant flows to form a cooling cycle, and the heat source side heat exchanger 4 acts as a condenser, and the heat storage heat exchanger 13a in the heat storage tank STR acts as an evaporator, and the heat storage heat exchanger 13a in the heat storage tank STR. Is stored as ice around the area. During the heat storage operation, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the broken line in the figure to form a heating cycle, and the heat source side heat exchanger 4
Is made to function as a condenser, and the heat is stored as hot water in the heat storage tank STR via the first heat exchanger 13a in the heat storage tank STR. In this case, the first auxiliary heat exchanger 14a is not used. In this case, since the heat source side refrigeration cycle and the use side refrigeration cycle are separated, and the refrigerants in both cycles are not mixed, an appropriate amount of refrigerant can be charged, and the piping of the heat source side refrigeration cycle can be maintained. Since the length is short, even if the refrigerating machine oil in the compressor 2 flows out, it is easy to return, and the reliability of the compressor 2 can be improved. On the other hand, in daytime operation, both the heat source side refrigeration cycle and the utilization side refrigeration cycle are operated. In particular, when the heat load on the user side is relatively large during one day, that is, during a so-called peak load, the first auxiliary heat exchanger 14 is switched by switching the three-way switching valves 17a and 17b.
a is communicated with the heat source side refrigeration cycle, and in the use side refrigeration cycle, the amount of refrigerant flowing into the second auxiliary heat source side 14b and the heat radiation heat exchanger 13b is distributed by the three-way flow valves 18a and 18b. . At night, the heat or heat stored in the heat storage material in the heat storage tank STR exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the use side refrigeration cycle via the heat-radiating heat exchanger 13b in the heat storage tank STR. The refrigerant cooled or heated by the operation of the side refrigeration cycle exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the utilization side refrigeration cycle via the second auxiliary heat exchanger 14b. The refrigerant exchanged by the two heat exchangers is conveyed to the use side heat exchanger 15 of each indoor unit 12 by the refrigerant conveying pump PM to exchange heat with the indoor air, thereby cooling each room. Or heating. Accordingly, in this case, the cooling or heating capacity in the heat source side refrigeration cycle is substantially the sum of the capacity of the heat source side refrigeration cycle and the heat radiation capacity of the heat storage heat exchanger 13b in the heat storage tank STR. Alternatively, the heating capacity increases. As described above, by converting surplus power energy at night into heat and storing the heat, and using the power during the day, power peaks at high load times during the day are suppressed, and power usage is leveled. Can be achieved. [0015] However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, the refrigerant is conveyed to the load side. Therefore, at the time of starting the operation of the secondary refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant is conveyed due to insufficient cooling capacity of the refrigerant. Since the gas PM or the refrigerant in the two-phase state is supplied to the pump PM, the refrigerant circulation amount of the secondary refrigeration cycle cannot be rapidly increased, and as a result, not only the start-up performance of the cooling operation deteriorates, but also However, when the refrigerant in the two-phase state is conveyed, there is a disadvantage that the wear of the refrigerant conveyance pump PM is accelerated and the reliability may be impaired. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat storage type air conditioner having high start-up performance and high safety. The technical solution of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a regenerative air conditioning system comprising a primary refrigeration cycle and a secondary refrigeration cycle via a first heat storage tank. In the machine, a second heat storage tank having a primary heat transfer tube and a check valve is connected in parallel to a primary heat exchange part of the first heat storage tank, and a refrigerant tank is embedded in the second heat storage tank. It was done. The operation of this technical means is as follows. A compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a first switching valve, a primary heat exchange section of a refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger, and a primary heat exchange section in a first heat storage tank. In the primary refrigeration cycle, the first switching valve and the expansion valve are controlled at night without using the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger by using the nighttime electric power. A cold storage operation is performed using ice or hot water in water as a heat storage material via a heat exchange unit. Further, a primary heat transfer tube in the second heat storage tank is connected in parallel to a primary heat exchange section of the first heat storage tank. The heat is stored in the heat storage material via the primary heat transfer tube, but the refrigerant does not flow through the primary heat transfer tube in the second heat storage tank due to the check valve during the heat storage operation. On the other hand, in the daytime, the primary refrigerating cycle is operated in a state where the primary heat exchange section of the first heat storage tank is not used by the control of the first switching valve, and the primary refrigerating cycle is controlled by the first flow rate valve.
The heat stored in the heat storage tank is exchanged with the refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle, and the evaporation or condensation capacity in the primary refrigeration cycle is reduced to 2 through the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger by controlling the second flow valve. An operation of exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle is performed. That is, between the refrigerant and the heat storage material stored as cold storage heat in the first heat storage tank, the refrigerant heat exchanged via the secondary heat exchange section in the first heat storage tank and the primary heat storage The refrigerant that has exchanged heat between the secondary refrigeration cycle and the secondary refrigeration cycle via the secondary heat exchange section of the refrigerant heat exchanger is transported to the indoor heat exchanger by the refrigerant transport pump, and the indoor air and heat are removed. Replace (cooling or heating). When the cooling operation of the secondary refrigeration cycle is started in the daytime, the refrigerant tank is cooled by the heat storage material in the second heat storage tank which is stored at night, and the refrigerant pressure in the refrigerant tank is reduced. The refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle piping is collected in the refrigerant tank as a liquid refrigerant. Therefore, when the cooling operation is started, the liquid refrigerant is easily supplied from the refrigerant tank to the refrigerant transport pump, and the amount of the circulating refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle can be rapidly increased. As a result, the rising performance of the cooling capacity is improved. It is possible to improve not only the reliability but also the reliability of the refrigerant transport pump. With the above-described operation, the cooling / heating operation in the daytime can be performed by the cold storage heat using the nighttime electric power, and not only can the power use be leveled, but also in the cooling operation, the refrigerant is stored in the second heat storage tank by the heat storage material in the second heat storage tank. Since the liquid refrigerant is stored in the tank, it is easier to supply the liquid refrigerant from the refrigerant tank to the refrigerant transfer pump when the cooling operation starts, not only improving the startup performance of the cooling capacity but also improving the reliability of the refrigerant transfer pump Can be done. Hereinafter, a first embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
This will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the same structure as a conventional one, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. FIG. 1 is a refrigeration cycle diagram of a regenerative air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a regenerative air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes an outdoor unit 11 and an indoor unit 12,
1 is a refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger comprising a compressor 2, a four-way valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an expansion valve 5, a three-way valve KV1, a primary heat exchange part 14a and a secondary heat exchange part 14b. HEX, a first heat storage tank STR1 composed of water 16 as a heat storage material, a primary heat exchange unit 13a and a secondary heat exchange unit 13b, water 16 as a heat storage material, a primary heat transfer tube P1, and a check valve The second consisting of GV
The indoor unit 12 includes a heat storage tank STR2, a refrigerant tank TNK, and a refrigerant transport pump PM. The indoor unit 12 includes an indoor heat exchanger 17. In the outdoor unit 11, the compressor 2
The four-way valve 3, the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and the expansion valve 5 are sequentially communicated with each other, and further, the three-way valve KV1, the primary heat exchange part 14a of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX, and the first heat storage tank STR1
And the primary heat exchanger 13a of the first heat storage tank STR1 is connected in parallel with the primary heat exchanger 13a of the second heat storage tank STR2. The primary side refrigeration cycle is formed in communication. Here, the check valve GV is installed so that the refrigerant flows into the second heat storage tank STR2 only during the night ice making operation. On the other hand, the secondary heat exchange section 13b and the first flow valve RV1 in the first heat storage tank STR1, the secondary heat exchange section 14b and the second flow valve R of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX.
V2, and a secondary refrigeration cycle formed by connecting a refrigerant tank TNK, a refrigerant transport pump PM, and an indoor heat exchanger 17 in series. Is buried together with the primary heat transfer tube P1 in water 16 which is a heat storage material in the second heat storage tank STR2. The operation of the regenerative air conditioner configured as described above will be described below. (Table 1) shows the four-way valve 3, the expansion valve 5, and the three-way valve KV in each case in this embodiment.
1, the open / closed state and the operating state of each heat exchanger (evaporator,
Or a condenser). [Table 1] The mode of the four-way valve 3 is a cooling mode when the discharge side of the compressor 2 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 4 and the suction side of the compressor 2 is connected to the first heat storage tank STR1. A case where the discharge side of the compressor 2 communicates with the first heat storage tank STR1 and the case where the suction side of the compressor 2 communicates with the outdoor heat exchanger 4 are defined as a heating mode. For the three-way valve KV1, the first heat storage tank STR1 and the expansion valve 5 are set in communication with the first mode in the primary side refrigeration cycle, and the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX and the expansion valve 5 are set.
Is defined as a second mode. First, the ice making and heat storage operation (primary refrigeration cycle) at night will be described. In the primary refrigeration cycle, the three-way valve KV1 is switched so that the first heat storage tank STR1 operates and the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX does not operate.
The refrigerant transport pump PM in the secondary refrigeration cycle is stopped. Night ice making operation: The four-way valve 3 is in the cooling mode, the expansion valve 5 is in the predetermined opening degree, and the three-way valve KV1 is in the first mode. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant sent from the compressor 2
It is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 4 and decompressed by the expansion valve 5 to be in a liquid or two-phase state. The primary heat exchanger 13a in the first heat storage tank STR1 and the primary side of the second heat storage tank STR2. After evaporating in the pipe of the heat transfer pipe P <b> 1 and absorbing heat from the water 16 as the heat storage material, the flow returns to the compressor 2. At this time, the first heat storage tank ST
Primary heat exchange section 13a in R1 and second heat storage tank ST
Ice is generated outside the primary heat transfer tube P1 of R2. Night heat storage operation: The four-way valve 3 is in the heating mode, the expansion valve 5 is in the predetermined opening degree, and the three-way valve KV1 is in the first mode. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant sent from the compressor 2
After being condensed in the pipe of the primary heat exchange section 13a in the first heat storage tank STR1 and radiating heat to the water 16 as the heat storage material, the expansion valve 5
After being decompressed into a liquid or two-phase state, evaporating in the pipe of the outdoor heat exchanger 4 and absorbing heat from outside, the compressor 2
Return to At this time, the heat is radiated through the primary heat exchange section 13a in the first heat storage tank STR1 and is stored as hot water in the first heat storage tank STR. No heat is stored by the action of the GV. Next, the daytime operation (secondary refrigeration cycle) will be described. In this case, in the primary refrigeration cycle, the operation is performed with the three-way valve KV1 in the first mode and the secondary heat exchange portion 14a of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX acting as an evaporator (condenser). At the same time, in the secondary refrigeration cycle, the operation is performed by operating the secondary heat exchange section 14b of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX. In this state, the refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle is controlled by the first flow valve and the second flow valve,
The heat is also sent to the secondary heat exchange section 13b in the first heat storage tank STR1, where the heat is exchanged with water 16 as a heat storage material in the first heat storage tank STR1. During cooling, the refrigerant flows as indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. 1, and the secondary heat exchange section 13b in the first heat storage tank STR1
And the secondary-side heat exchange section 14b of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX
Is sent to the refrigerant tank TNK. At this time, since the refrigerant tank TNK is installed in the second heat storage tank STR2, the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank TNK is in the second heat storage tank STR2.
After being further supercooled by the ice stored in the heat storage tank STR2 and supplied to the refrigerant transport pump PM, it is sent to the indoor heat exchanger 17, where it exchanges heat with indoor air to cool the indoor air, The refrigerant itself becomes a high-temperature gas refrigerant, and repeats the operation of returning to the secondary heat exchange unit 13b in the first heat storage tank STR1 and the secondary heat exchange unit 14b of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX. In particular, when the cooling operation of the secondary refrigeration cycle is started in the daytime, the refrigerant tank TNK is cooled by the ice 16 in the second heat storage tank STR2 which has been stored at night, and the refrigerant pressure in the refrigerant tank TNK is reduced. Therefore, the refrigerant in the secondary-side refrigeration cycle piping is collected as a liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant tank TNK. Therefore, when the cooling operation is started, the liquid refrigerant is easily supplied from the refrigerant tank TNK to the refrigerant transport pump PM, so that the refrigerant circulation amount of the secondary refrigeration cycle can be rapidly increased, and as a result, the rising performance of the cooling capacity is improved. It is possible to improve not only the reliability but also the reliability of the refrigerant transport pump. During heating, the refrigerant flows as indicated by the dashed arrow in FIG. 1 and the secondary side heat exchange section 1 in the first heat storage tank STR1.
3b, and the refrigerant heated via the secondary-side heat exchange section 14b of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX becomes a gaseous refrigerant, which is then sent to the indoor heat exchanger 17 by the refrigerant transport pump PM, where it is indoors. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the air to heat the indoor air, and the refrigerant itself becomes a low-temperature liquid refrigerant, and the secondary heat exchanger 13b in the first heat storage tank STR1 or the secondary side of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX. The operation of returning to the heat exchange section 14b is repeated. In this way, it is possible to cope with a large daytime indoor load, and the indoor unit 12 performs the cooling / heating operation. As described above, in the regenerative air conditioner of this embodiment, the outdoor unit 11 includes the compressor 2 and the four-way valve 3.
, The outdoor heat exchanger 4 and the expansion valve 5 are sequentially communicated with each other, and the primary heat exchange part 14a of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger HEX via the three-way valve KV1 and the first heat storage tank STR1. A second heat storage tank STR2 that communicates in parallel with the primary heat exchange unit 13a, and further has a primary heat transfer tube P1 and a check valve GV.
Are connected in parallel to the primary heat exchange section 13a in the first heat storage tank STR1 to form a primary refrigeration cycle. Here, the check valve GV is installed so that the refrigerant flows into the second heat storage tank STR2 only during the night ice making operation. On the other hand, the secondary heat exchanger 13b in the first heat storage tank STR1, the first flow valve, and the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger H
The secondary heat exchanger 14b of the EX and the second flow valve are connected in parallel, and the refrigerant tank TNK, the refrigerant transport pump PM, and the indoor heat exchanger 17 are connected in series. A secondary refrigeration cycle is formed, and the refrigerant tank TNK
Are embedded in the second heat storage tank STR2. With this configuration, the cooling (heating) operation can be performed by ice making (heat storage) using nighttime electric power, and not only can the power use be leveled, but also in the cooling operation, the second heat storage tank STR2 can be used. Since the liquid refrigerant is stored in the refrigerant tank TNK by the ice inside, the liquid refrigerant is easily supplied from the refrigerant tank TNK to the refrigerant transport pump PM at the time of starting the cooling operation, and not only the rising performance of the cooling capacity is improved, but also The reliability of the refrigerant transport pump PM can be improved. As described above, according to the present invention, the second heat storage tank having the primary heat transfer tube and the check valve is arranged in parallel with the primary heat exchange section of the first heat storage tank. They are connected and a refrigerant tank is embedded in the second heat storage tank. Thus, the cooling (heating) operation can be performed by ice making (heat storage) using the nighttime electric power, and not only the power use can be leveled, but also at the time of starting the cooling operation, the second heat storage that has been stored at nighttime can be achieved. Since the refrigerant tank is cooled by the ice in the tank and the refrigerant pressure in the refrigerant tank is reduced,
Refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle piping is collected as a liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant tank. Therefore, when the cooling operation is started, the liquid refrigerant is easily supplied from the refrigerant tank to the refrigerant transport pump,
The amount of circulating refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle can be quickly increased, and as a result, not only the start-up performance of the cooling capacity can be improved, but also the reliability of the refrigerant transport pump can be improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a refrigeration system diagram of a regenerative air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a refrigeration system diagram of a regenerative air conditioner showing a conventional example. 2 Compressor 3 Four-way valve 4 Outdoor heat exchanger 5 Expansion valve 13a Primary heat exchange part 13b of first heat storage tank Secondary heat exchange part 14a of first heat storage tank Primary refrigerant to refrigerant heat exchanger Side heat exchange unit 14b Secondary heat exchange unit 17 of refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 17 Indoor heat exchanger STR1 First heat storage tank STR2 Second heat storage tank P1 Primary heat transfer tube HEX Refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger TNK Refrigerant tank PM Refrigerant transfer pump KV1 Three-way valve GV Check valve RV1, RV2 Flow valve

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Machida 3--22 Takaida Hondori, Higashi-Osaka City, Osaka Inside Matsushita Refrigerating Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kozo Suzuki 2-2-230 Kanda Jimbocho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Tokyo Electric Power Company Development Laboratory (72) Inventor Yoshihide Sugita 2-2-230 Kanda Jimbocho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Tokyo Electric Power Company Development Laboratory (56) References JP-A-3-51644 (JP, A) JP-A-5-346248 (JP, A) JP-A-62-238953 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 13/00 351 F25B 1/00 351 F25B 1 / 00 399 F24F 5/00 102

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] A primary-side heat exchange section comprising a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a first switching valve connected in series. And a primary heat exchange section of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger having a secondary heat exchange section and a primary heat storage tank having a primary heat exchange section and a secondary heat exchange section. A primary refrigeration cycle in which side heat exchange sections are arranged in parallel and the flow path of the refrigerant can be switched by the first switching valve, a secondary side heat exchange section in the first heat storage tank, and a first flow rate A valve, a secondary-side heat exchange part of the refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger, and a second flow valve were connected in parallel, and a refrigerant tank, a refrigerant transfer pump, and an indoor heat exchanger were connected in series. A secondary refrigerating cycle, a second heat storage tank having a primary heat transfer tube and a check valve, connected in parallel to a primary heat exchange section of the first heat storage tank, and Thermal storage type air conditioner is embedded the coolant tank into the heat chamber.