JPH05338432A - Air conditioner for electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To quicken the rise time of heating at the time of start of heating operation after an electric refrigerant compressor is heated and make it possible to reduce electric power consumption of the electric refrigerant compressor. CONSTITUTION:A refrigerant compressor 20 is heated by turning on an electric heater 62 in a heat storage tank 52 provided around the refrigerant compress 20 and heating warm water in the heat storage tank 52 while a battery 4 is charged. And, at the time of heating operation, the rise time of heating at a low outside air temperature is shortened and efficiency of the refrigerant compressor 20 is improved by circulating warm water in the heat storage tank 52 in an indoor radiator 51 and operating the refrigerant compressor 20 which is heated by warm water in the heat storage tank 52 to perform heating operation of a heat pump.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner for an electric vehicle in which hot water heated when a vehicle-mounted power source is charged is used as a heat source for heating when the electric vehicle is in operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vehicle such as an electric vehicle that does not have engine cooling water uses a heat pump to heat the interior of the vehicle.

[0003]

However, in an electric vehicle in which the interior of a vehicle is heated by a heat pump, the refrigerant compressor of the heat pump also has a low outside air temperature (for example, 0 ° C.) especially at the start of heating at a low outside air temperature (for example, 0 ° C.).
Since it is cooled down to ℃), it takes time to start heating. Further, even in a steady state, if the refrigerant compressor is cooled, a large heating capacity is required, and thus there is a problem that power consumption of the refrigerant compressor increases. The present invention relates to an electric vehicle for warming an electric refrigerant compressor to accelerate a rise time of heating at the start of heating operation, and to reduce electric power consumed by the electric refrigerant compressor even in a steady state. The purpose is to provide an air conditioner.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

[Claim 1] The present invention relates to a vehicle-mounted power source charged by an external power source, an electric refrigerant compressor that compresses and discharges a refrigerant when supplied with electric power from the vehicle-mounted power source, and a discharge from the refrigerant compressor. A heat pump having an indoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the discharged refrigerant and the air blown into the passenger compartment, a heat storage tank for accommodating the refrigerant compressor therein, and keeping warm water around the refrigerant compressor, the vehicle-mounted A technical means including a heating means for heating the hot water in the heat storage tank when the power source is charged is adopted.

[Claim 3] The present invention relates to an on-vehicle power source charged by an external power source, an electric refrigerant compressor for compressing and discharging a refrigerant when supplied with electric power from the on-vehicle power source, and this refrigerant compression. A heat pump having an indoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant discharged from the machine and the air blown into the passenger compartment, an indoor radiator for heat exchange between the inflowing hot water and the air blown into the passenger compartment, and the refrigerant compression inside While accommodating the machine, a heat storage tank that keeps warm water around the refrigerant compressor, a hot water circulation path for circulating hot water to the indoor radiator and the heat storage tank, and at the time of charging the vehicle-mounted power source,
Technical means including a heating means for heating hot water in the heat storage tank is adopted.

[0006]

[Action]

[Claim 1] According to the present invention, hot water in the heat storage tank is heated when electric power is supplied to the heating means from the external power source during charging of the vehicle-mounted power source. Then, when the electric power is supplied from the vehicle-mounted power source to the electric refrigerant compressor during riding in the electric vehicle, the heat pump is heated, but the refrigerant compressor is warmed by the hot water in the heat storage tank heated by the heating means. Because
The rise time of heating at low outside air temperature is shortened, and a large heating capacity is not required even in a steady state, so that power consumption of the refrigerant compressor is reduced.

[Claim 3] According to the present invention, hot water in the heat storage tank is heated when electric power is supplied to the heating means from the external power source during charging of the vehicle-mounted power source. Then, at the time of getting on the electric vehicle, the warm water in the heat storage tank heated by the heating means is caused to flow into the indoor radiator, so that the heating of the vehicle compartment starts faster. Further, when electric power is supplied from the vehicle-mounted power source to the electric refrigerant compressor during riding in the electric vehicle, the heat pump is heated, but the refrigerant compressor is warmed by the hot water in the heat storage tank heated by the heating means. Because
The rise time of heating at low outside air temperature is shortened, and a large heating capacity is not required even in a steady state, so that power consumption of the refrigerant compressor is reduced.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an air conditioner for an electric vehicle of the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a view showing a refrigerant compressor and a heat storage tank, and FIG. 2 is a view showing an indoor unit of an air conditioner for an electric vehicle. 3 is a diagram showing an accumulator type heat pump, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a hot water type heating device. The electric vehicle includes a battery (vehicle-mounted power supply) 4 charged by an external power supply 3 via a power supply switching distributor 1 and a charger 2, and an inverter 5 supplied with power from the battery 4 via the power supply switching distributor 1. The inverter 5 is equipped with a traveling motor 6 whose frequency changes by changing the frequency, and an air conditioner (air conditioner) 7 for air conditioning the vehicle interior. In addition,
When the driver turns on a driving switch (not shown) installed in the vehicle compartment and the accelerator pedal (not shown) is stepped on, the traveling motor 6 is rotated by being supplied with power from the battery 4 via the inverter 5. ..

The air conditioner 7 has a blower duct 8 for sending air into the passenger compartment, a blower 9 for generating an airflow toward the passenger compartment in the blower duct 8, an accumulator type heat pump 10 for cooling and heating the passenger compartment, A hot water type heating device 11 for heating the passenger compartment and an air conditioner control device 12 for controlling the air conditioner 7 are provided. Inside the blower duct 8, the inside air introduced from the inside air inlet 13 (air inside the vehicle)
Or outside air introduced from the outside air inlet 14 (air outside the passenger compartment)
Is formed to the differential air outlet 15, the vent air outlet 16 or the foot air outlet 17. Also,
An electric heater 801 that heats the air flowing in the air flow path 18 by supplying electric power from the battery 4 is arranged in the air flow path 18. The blower 9 is disposed on the windward side of the air flow path 18 and is rotationally driven by the blower motor 19. The blower motor 19 rotates the blower 9 at a predetermined rotation speed when electric power is supplied from the battery 4 mounted on the electric vehicle.

The heat pump 10 includes a refrigerant compressor 20, a first indoor heat exchanger 21, a first pressure reducing device 22, an outdoor heat exchanger 23, a second pressure reducing device 24, a second indoor heat exchanger 25, an accumulator 26 and the like. Connected. The heat pump 10 includes a four-way valve 27, check valves 28 and 29, and a solenoid valve 30.
.About.32, the flow direction of the refrigerant is switched between the heating operation, the cooling operation, the dehumidifying operation, and the defrosting operation. The refrigerant compressor 20 is housed in a heat storage tank 52, which will be described later, as shown in FIG. This refrigerant compressor 20 is
The refrigerant gas rotationally driven by the electric motor 33 mounted in the heat storage tank 52 and sucked into the cylinder 35 from the suction side pipe 34 is compressed by the piston 36, and the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas is discharged from the discharge side pipe 37. The electric motor 33 is a three-phase induction type AC motor, which is composed of a stator 38 and a rotor 39, and the frequency thereof is converted by an inverter 39 which is supplied with power from the battery 4 via the power source switching / distributing device 1. The rotary shaft 40 of 20 is rotationally driven at a predetermined rotational speed.

The first indoor heat exchanger 21 is arranged in the air flow path 18 on the leeward side of the indoor radiator 51, which will be described later, and is connected between the first pressure reducing device 22 and the solenoid valve 30 and the four-way valve 27. There is. Then, on the windward side of the first indoor heat exchanger 21,
The air mix door 211, which adjusts the amount of air passing through the first indoor heat exchanger 21 and the amount of air bypassing the first indoor heat exchanger 21, to adjust the temperature of the air blown into the vehicle interior is rotatable. It is installed. This first indoor heat exchanger 21
Operates as a refrigerant condenser that heats the air by exchanging heat between the high-temperature refrigerant gas and the air flowing in the air passage 18 during the heating operation, the dehumidifying operation, and the defrosting operation, and condenses the refrigerant. The first decompression device 22 is a temperature-operated expansion valve that rapidly adiabatically expands the high-temperature liquid refrigerant condensed in the first indoor heat exchanger 21, and controls the degree of supercooling of the first indoor heat exchanger 21. The valve opening is changed so that the flow rate of the refrigerant is adjusted accordingly.

The outdoor heat exchanger 23 is arranged in front of the traveling direction of the electric vehicle so as to receive traveling wind when the electric vehicle is traveling, and is arranged between the second pressure reducing device 24 and the solenoid valves 31, 32 and the four-way valve 27. It is connected. The outdoor heat exchanger 23 is located in front of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 in the traveling direction of the electric vehicle.
A shut door 411 capable of blocking the flow of air passing therethrough is attached. This outdoor heat exchanger 2
3 functions as a refrigerant condenser for condensing the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the high-temperature refrigerant gas and traveling wind and outside air (outside air) sent by the electric fan 41 during the cooling operation. In addition, the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the mist-like refrigerant decompressed by the first decompression device 22 and the outside air during the heating operation and the dehumidifying operation.
Further, the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant passage by closing the shut door 411 only during the defrosting operation.

The second decompression device 24 uses, for example, a fixed throttle such as a capillary tube that rapidly adiabatically expands the high temperature liquid refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 23. The second indoor heat exchanger 25 is arranged in the air passage 18 on the windward side of the indoor radiator 51, which will be described later, and is connected between the second pressure reducing device 24 and the solenoid valve 31 and the accumulator 26. The second indoor heat exchanger 25 cools the air by exchanging heat between the mist-like refrigerant decompressed by the second decompression device 24 and the air flowing in the air passage 18 during the cooling operation and the defrosting operation. It acts as a refrigerant evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant. Also,
The second indoor heat exchanger 25 uses the second pressure reducing device 2 during the dehumidifying operation.
The atomized refrigerant that has been decompressed in step 4 and has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 23 and the air flowing in the air flow path 18 exchange heat with each other to cool the air and also serve as a refrigerant evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant. The accumulator 26 is connected between the suction side pipe 34 of the refrigerant compressor 20, the solenoid valve 32, and the second indoor heat exchanger 25. The accumulator 26 separates the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor heat exchanger 23 or the second indoor heat exchanger 25 into a liquid refrigerant and a refrigerant gas, and supplies only the refrigerant gas to the refrigerant compressor 20 through the suction side pipe 34. ..

The four-way valve 27 is on the solid line side (on the heating operation side) in the figure.
When switched to, the flow direction of the refrigerant is switched to perform heating operation, dehumidifying operation, or defrosting operation. When the four-way valve 27 is switched to the broken line side (cooling operation side) in the drawing, the flow direction of the refrigerant is switched so that the cooling operation is performed. The check valves 28 and 29 prevent the reverse flow of the refrigerant. The solenoid valve 30 is arranged in the bypass passage 42 that bypasses the first pressure reducing device 22, and is energized only during the defrosting operation to open the bypass passage 42. The solenoid valve 31 is arranged in the bypass passage 43 that bypasses the second pressure reducing device 24, and is energized only during the dehumidifying operation to open the bypass passage 43. The solenoid valve 32 is arranged in a communication passage 44 that short-circuits the outdoor heat exchanger 23 and the accumulator 26, and is energized only during the heating operation to open the communication passage 44.

The hot water type heating device 11 includes an indoor radiator 51,
Heat storage tank 52, waste heat recovery devices 53, 54, radiator 5
5, circulation pumps 56 and 57, three-way valves 58 and 59, and a hot water circulation path 60 for circulating hot water through these. The indoor radiator 51 is disposed in the air passage 18 on the windward side of the first indoor heat exchanger 21 in order to effectively recover the heat energy to a low temperature, and is connected between the three-way valves 58 and 59. Then, on the windward side of the indoor heat exchanger 51, the amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 51 and the amount of air bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 51 are adjusted to adjust the temperature of the air blown into the vehicle interior. An air mix door 511 is rotatably attached. The indoor radiator 51 heats the air by exchanging heat between the warm water (the ethylene glycol aqueous solution having a concentration that does not freeze in the use environment) and the air flowing in the air flow path 18 during the heating operation.

The heat storage tank 52, as shown in FIG.
The outer peripheral surface is covered with a heat insulating material 61 such as a foam material. The heat storage tank 52 is made of a metal such as steel or aluminum having excellent thermal conductivity and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape so as to surround the housing 200 of the refrigerant compressor 20, and is detachably fitted to the housing 200. ing. And the heat storage tank 5
In the second heat storage chamber 521, an electric heater 62 for heating the hot water in the heat storage tank 52 to warm the refrigerant compressor 20 at the time of charging such as at night in winter, and the water temperature of the hot water in the heat storage tank 52 are detected. A water temperature sensor 63 is attached. The electric heater 62 is the heating means of the present invention, and for example, a PTC heater or a nichrome wire heater is used. Further, the heat storage tank 52 not only stores the hot water heated by the electric heater 62, but also recovers the waste heat generated by the operation of the refrigerant compressor 20 and the electric motor 33 during the operation of the heat pump 10, and the refrigerant compressor. 20 and electric motor 3
It also functions as a waste heat recovery device that prevents overheating of 3 and heats hot water.

The waste heat recovery unit 53 is provided with a hot water chamber (not shown) in which hot water flows into the outer periphery of a plate material having a high thermal conductivity for fixing a heating element such as a transistor incorporated in the inverter 5, and is used when the electric vehicle is in operation. The waste heat generated by the operation of the inverter 5 is recovered to prevent the heating element from overheating and heat the hot water. A water temperature sensor 64 for detecting the temperature of hot water in the hot water chamber is attached to the hot water chamber. The waste heat recovery unit 54 is provided with a water jacket (not shown) in which hot water flows into the outer peripheral portion of the traveling motor 6, and recovers waste heat generated by the operation of the traveling motor 6 during operation of the electric vehicle to generate heat. Prevents overheating of the body and heats warm water. And in the water jacket,
A water temperature sensor 65 for detecting the temperature of hot water in the water jacket is attached. Radiator 55
Is installed in a location in front of the traveling direction of the electric vehicle that is likely to receive a running wind, and is provided in the hot water heat dissipation path 67. The radiator 55 cools the hot water by exchanging heat between the hot water of high temperature and the cooling air sent by the electric fan 66.

The circulation pump 56 is connected between the heat storage tank 52 and the three-way valve 58, and when energized by the air conditioner control device 12, it rotates an impeller (not shown) to cause hot water to flow in the hot water circulation path 60. Generate a stream of water. The circulation pump 57 is
It is connected between the waste heat recovery device 54 and the radiator 55, and when energized by the air conditioner control device 12, an impeller (not shown) is rotated to generate a hot water flow in the hot water radiation path 67. When the three-way valve 58 is energized by the air conditioner control device 12, hot water switches from the heat storage tank 52 to the indoor radiator 51 as shown by the solid line arrow in the figure, and when energization is stopped, as shown by the dashed line arrow in the figure. The hot water is switched from the heat storage tank 52 to the radiator 55 via the bypass 68. When energized by the air conditioner control device 12, the three-way valve 59 switches so that hot water flows from the indoor radiator 51 to the heat storage tank 52 via the bypass path 69 as shown by the solid line arrow, and energized is illustrated. As shown by the broken line arrow, hot water is switched from the waste heat recovery units 53 and 54 to the heat storage tank 52.

The air conditioner control device 12 receives operation signals and charging signals from the control computer 70 of the electric vehicle, an air conditioning control panel (not shown), an outside air temperature sensor (not shown), and water temperature sensors 63 to 65. Blower motor 19, solenoid valves 30-32, four-way valve 2 based on the electric signal of
7, the electric motor 33, the electric fans 41 and 66, the circulation pumps 56 and 57, the three-way valves 58 and 59, and the electric heater 62 are controlled to be energized (hereinafter referred to as ON) and stopped to be energized (hereinafter referred to as OFF).

Next, the operation of the air conditioner controller 12 of the air conditioner 7 will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. [At the time of charging the battery 4] A charge signal is input from the control computer 70, and the temperature of the hot water in the heat storage tank 52 detected by the water temperature sensor 63 is the set temperature (for example, 10
When the temperature of the electric heater 62 is lower than or equal to ℃), the electric heater 62 is turned on, and the electric heater 62 is energized and controlled so that the temperature of the hot water in the heat storage tank 52 becomes a set temperature (for example, 80 ° C.). For this reason, hot water is stored for immediate heating during heating operation when riding in an electric vehicle. Furthermore, the heat storage tank 5
2 is provided around the refrigerant compressor 20 and the electric motor 33, and the housing 200 that partitions the heat storage tank 52 from the refrigerant compressor 20 and the electric motor 33 is made of a metal such as steel or aluminum having excellent heat conductivity. Has been formed,
If the outside air temperature is extremely cold such as 0 ° C. or less and the hot water heated by the electric heater 62 warms the refrigerant compressor 20 and the electric motor 33 to a predetermined temperature or higher.

[Heat Storage Heating Operation of Air Conditioner 7] When an operation signal is input from the control computer 70 and a heating signal is input from the air conditioning control panel, the blower motor 19, the solenoid valve 32, the electric motor 33, and the electric fan 41 are turned on. Was
The solenoid valves 30 and 31 are turned off, the four-way valve 27 is switched to the heating operation side (solid line side in the figure), and the heating operation of the heat pump 10 is started. The flow of the refrigerant during the heating operation of the heat pump 10 includes the discharge side pipe 37 of the refrigerant compressor 20, the four-way valve 27, and the first indoor heat exchanger 21.
→ first decompression device 22 → check valve 28 → outdoor heat exchanger 23 →
Communication passage 44 → accumulator 26 → refrigerant compressor 20
Becomes the suction side pipe 34. Also, this heat pump 2
During the heating operation of 0, the air mix door 211 and the shut door 411 are opened, the first indoor heat exchanger 21 functions as a refrigerant condenser, and the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant evaporator.

At the same time as the heating operation of the heat pump 10, the circulation pump 56 is turned on when the temperature of the hot water in the heat storage tank 52 detected by the water temperature sensor 63 has risen to a set temperature (for example, 40 ° C.) or higher. At the same time, the three-way valves 58, 59 are turned on, the three-way valves 58, 59 are switched to the positions shown by the solid lines, and the heat storage recovery operation of the hot water heating device 11 is also started. During the heat storage recovery operation of the hot water heating device 11, the hot water circulation path 60, that is, the heat storage tank 52 → the circulation pump 56 → the three-way valve 58 → the indoor radiator 51.
→ Bypass path 69 → Three-way valve 59 → Hot water circulates in the heat storage tank 52. Further, during the heating operation, the air mix door 511 is opened.

Therefore, the air flow generated by the blower 9 and flowing in the air passage 18 is heated by the indoor heat exchanger 51 and the first indoor heat exchanger 21. Therefore, the temperature of the air blown from the air outlet is high, and the temperature in the vehicle compartment rises quickly, so that the heating of the vehicle compartment can be started quickly even at a low outside air temperature (for example, 0 ° C.). Further, since the refrigerant compressor 20 and the electric motor 33 are warmed by the hot water in the heat storage tank 52 provided around, the rise time of heating the vehicle interior can be greatly shortened. Further, since the heat radiation from the surroundings of the refrigerant compressor 20 to the outside air can be suppressed by the presence of the hot water in the heat storage chamber 521 and the heat insulating material 61, the heating capacity is improved not only at the start of the heating operation but also at the steady heating operation. However, the efficiency of the heat pump 10 is improved. Therefore, the electric power consumption of the electric motor 33 can be reduced, so that the reduction of the charge amount of the battery 4 can be suppressed and the traveling distance of the electric vehicle can be lengthened. Further, since the refrigerant compressor 20 is warmed by the hot water in the heat storage tank 52 provided around it, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant from stagnation when the operation of the refrigerant compressor 20 is stopped.

[Waste Heat Heating Operation of Air Conditioner 7] During the heating operation of the heat pump 10, the temperature of the hot water in the hot water chamber of the waste heat recovery device 53 detected by the water temperature sensor 64 becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature (for example, 30 ° C.). Rising or water temperature sensor 6
When the temperature of the hot water in the water jacket of the waste heat recovery unit 54 detected in 5 rises above the set temperature (for example, 30 ° C.), the circulation pump 56 is turned on and the three-way valve 58 is turned on to turn the three-way valve 58 on. The valve 58 is switched to the solid line position in the drawing, the three-way valve 59 is turned off, the three-way valve 59 is switched to the broken line position in the drawing, and the waste heat recovery operation of the hot water heating device 11 is started.

During the waste heat recovery operation of the hot water heating device 11, the hot water circulation path 60, that is, the waste heat recovery device 5 is used.
3 → waste heat recovery device 54 → three-way valve 59 → heat storage tank 52 → circulation pump 56 → three-way valve 58 → indoor radiator 51 → waste heat recovery device 53 circulates hot water. Therefore, the waste heat of the inverter 5, the traveling motor 6, the refrigerant compressor 20, and the electric motor 33 is recovered by the waste heat recoverers 53, 54 and the heat storage tank 52, and the indoor radiator 51 introduces the waste heat into the air flow path 18. The interior of the vehicle is heated by radiating heat. Also, the heat storage tank 5
2, the waste heat of the inverter 5 and the traveling motor 6 due to the change of the traveling pattern of the electric vehicle is smoothed to some extent, so that a feeling of heating is excellent.

[Dehumidifying Operation of Air Conditioner 7] When a window signal is fogged while a heating signal is being input from the air conditioning control panel, the solenoid valve 31, the electric motor 33, and the electric fan 41 are turned on. The solenoid valves 30 and 32 are turned off, and the dehumidifying operation of the heat pump 10 is started. In addition,
The flow of the refrigerant during the dehumidifying operation of the heat pump 10 includes the discharge side pipe 37 of the refrigerant compressor 20, the four-way valve 27, the first indoor heat exchanger 21, the first pressure reducing device 22, the check valve 28, and the outdoor heat exchanger. 23 → detour passage 43 → second indoor heat exchanger 25 →
The accumulator 26 becomes the suction side pipe 34 of the refrigerant compressor 20. During the dehumidifying operation of the heat pump 10, the air mix door 211 and the shut door 411 are opened, the first indoor heat exchanger 21 functions as a refrigerant condenser, and the outdoor heat exchanger 23 and the second indoor heat exchanger 25 are Acts as a refrigerant evaporator. For this reason, the interior of the vehicle is dehumidified and heated, so that the fog on the window glass is removed and a comfortable view is obtained. Further, at this time, the first indoor heat exchanger 21 functions as a refrigerant condenser, so that the heating state of the vehicle interior is secured even during the dehumidifying operation. At this time, power saving can be achieved by using the above-described waste heat heating operation together.

[Defrosting Operation of Air Conditioner 7] When the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is frosted while the operation signal is input from the control computer 70 and the heating signal is input from the air conditioning control panel, The solenoid valve 30, the electric motor 33 are turned on, the solenoid valves 31, 32, and the electric fan 41 are turned off,
The defrosting operation of the heat pump 10 is started. The flow of the refrigerant during the defrosting operation of the heat pump 10 includes the discharge side pipe 37 of the refrigerant compressor 20, the four-way valve 27, the first indoor heat exchanger 21, the bypass passage 42, the check valve 28, and the outdoor heat exchange. Unit 23 → second pressure reducing device 24 → second indoor heat exchanger 25 → accumulator 26 → suction side pipe 34 of the refrigerant compressor 20
Becomes Further, during the defrosting operation of the heat pump 10, the air mix door 211 is opened and the shut door 4 is opened.
11, the first indoor heat exchanger 21 functions as a refrigerant condenser, the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant passage, and the second indoor heat exchanger 25 functions as a refrigerant evaporator. Therefore, the high temperature liquid refrigerant condensed in the first indoor heat exchanger 21 passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 23 to remove the frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 23. Further, at this time, the first indoor heat exchanger 21 functions as a refrigerant condenser, so that the heating state of the vehicle interior is secured even during the defrosting operation. Also, at this time,
A feeling of heating can be increased by using the above-described waste heat heating operation together.

[Overheat prevention operation during heating operation]
During the heating operation of the heat pump 10, the temperature of the hot water in the hot water chamber of the waste heat recovery device 53 detected by the water temperature sensor 64 rises to a set temperature (for example, 80 ° C.) or higher, or the waste heat recovery detected by the water temperature sensor 65 is recovered. When the temperature of the hot water in the water jacket of the vessel 54 rises above the set temperature (for example, 80 ° C.), the circulation pump 57 and the electric fan 66.
Is turned on, the three-way valve 59 is turned on and the three-way valve 5 is turned on.
9 is switched to the position indicated by the solid line in the figure, and the waste heat radiation operation is started. During this waste heat radiation operation, the waste heat recovery device 53 → waste heat recovery device 54 → circulation pump 57 → radiator 5
5 → Warm water circulates through the waste heat recovery unit 53. Therefore, the radiator 55 radiates the heat taken from the inverter 5 and the traveling motor 6 and circulates the cooled hot water to the waste heat recovery units 53 and 54. It is possible to cool and prevent the inverter 5 and the traveling motor 6 from overheating.

[Cooling Operation of Air Conditioner 7] When an operation signal is input from the control computer 70 and an air conditioning signal is input from the air conditioning control panel, the blower motor 19, the electric motor 33, and the electric fan 41 are turned on, and the solenoid valve 30 is turned on. Three
At the same time that the valves 1 and 32 are turned off, the four-way valve 27 is switched to the cooling operation side (the broken line side in the drawing), and the cooling operation of the heat pump 10 is started. In addition, this heat pump 10
The flow of the refrigerant during the cooling operation of the refrigerant is the discharge side pipe 37 of the refrigerant compressor 20, the four-way valve 27, the check valve 29, and the outdoor heat exchanger 2.
3 → second pressure reducing device 24 → second indoor heat exchanger 25 → accumulator 26 → suction side pipe 34 of the refrigerant compressor 20. Also, during the cooling operation of the heat pump 10,
Air mix door 211 is closed, shut door 41
1 is opened, the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant condenser, and the second indoor heat exchanger 25 functions as a refrigerant evaporator. Therefore, the airflow generated by the blower 9 and flowing through the air flow path 18 is cooled by the second indoor heat exchanger 25, and the air blown out from the air outlet cools the vehicle interior.

When the temperature of the hot water in the heat storage tank 52 detected by the water temperature sensor 63 rises above the set temperature (for example, 35 ° C.) at the same time as the cooling operation of the heat pump 10, the circulation pump 56 is turned on. With three-way valve 5
8 is switched off (the position shown by the broken line in the figure), and the water cooling operation of the refrigerant compressor 20 and the electric motor 33 is started. Also,
The temperature of the hot water in the hot water chamber of the waste heat recovery device 53 detected by the water temperature sensor 64 rises above a set temperature (for example, 35 ° C.), or the waste heat recovery device 54 detected by the water temperature sensor 65
When the temperature of the hot water in the water jacket of is higher than the set temperature (for example, 35 ° C), the circulation pump 5
When 7 is turned on, the three-way valves 58 and 59 are switched in the same manner as described above, and the waste heat radiation operation of the hot water heating device 11 is also started.

During the water cooling operation of the refrigerant compressor 20 and the electric motor 33, cooling water circulates through the heat storage tank 52 → circulation pump 56 → three-way valve 58 → bypass path 68 → radiator 55 → heat storage tank 52. In addition, the hot water heating device 11
Waste heat radiating operation, waste heat recovery unit 53 → waste heat recovery unit 5
4 → circulation pump 57 → radiator 55 → waste heat recovery unit 53
The cooling water circulates. Furthermore, simultaneous cooling of these two is also possible. Therefore, the radiator 55 radiates the heat taken by the inverter 5, the traveling motor 6, the refrigerant compressor 20, and the electric motor 33 to circulate the cooled hot water to the waste heat recovery units 53 and 54 and the heat storage tank 52. Therefore, the inverter 5, the traveling motor 6, the refrigerant compressor 20 and the electric motor 33 can be cooled,
Overheating of the inverter 5 and the traveling motor 6 can be prevented, and the efficiency of the refrigerant compressor 20 and the electric motor 33 can be improved and power consumption can be reduced. In the first embodiment described above, as described above, the heat storage tank 52 is the refrigerant compressor 2
Since it is detachably attached to the housing 200 of No. 0, the heat storage tank 52 is removed from the housing 200 of the refrigerant compressor 20 during the cooling operation in which the hot water circuit is unnecessary, and heat dissipation of the refrigerant compressor 20 is promoted.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention and is a view showing a refrigerant compressor and a heat storage tank. The heat storage tank 52 of this embodiment is constituted by an outer housing 71 and an inner housing 200 of the refrigerant compressor 20, a heat storage chamber 521 is formed between the outer housing 71 and the inner housing 200, and an outer peripheral surface of the outer housing 71 is formed. The heat insulating material 61 covers. In addition, 75 is a hot water inflow path for inflowing hot water into the heat storage chamber 521, and 76 is a hot water outflow path for outflowing hot water from the heat storage chamber 521. In this embodiment, the outer housing 71 and the inner housing 200 are integrally formed.

[Modification] In the present embodiment, the electric heater 62 is used as the heating means for heating the hot water when the battery (vehicle-mounted power source) 4 is charged, but instead of the electric heater 62, the electric motor 33 of the refrigerant compressor 20 is used. Alternatively, a small amount of electric current may be supplied to the electric motor 33 to use the electric motor 33 itself as a heating unit so that the heat of the electric motor 33 heats the hot water.
Alternatively, a method may be used in which a heat storage agent that uses latent heat is placed in a separate container in the heat storage tank 52 and the heat stored in the heat storage agent is used to heat hot water. In the present embodiment, the first indoor heat exchanger 21 and the indoor radiator 51 are arranged in the blower duct 8, but the first indoor heat exchanger 21 or the indoor radiator 51 may be installed directly in the vehicle compartment. In the present embodiment, the air conditioner 7 provided with the hot water type heating device 11 capable of indoor heating with hot water has been described, but if the indoor heating is performed only by the heat pump 10, the indoor radiator 51 and the hot water circulation path 60 are provided. Need not be provided. That is, it is not necessary to circulate the hot water in the heat storage tank 52 to the indoor side.

[0034]

【The invention's effect】

[Claim 1] According to the present invention, the rising time of heating at a low outdoor temperature is shortened, and a large heating capacity is not required even in a steady state, so that the power consumption of the refrigerant compressor can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the charge amount of the vehicle-mounted power supply. [Claim 3] According to the present invention, the heating of the passenger compartment rises quickly, so that the passenger compartment can be immediately heated. In addition, the heating rise time at a low outside temperature is shortened, and a large heating capacity is not required even in a steady state, so that the power consumption of the refrigerant compressor can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the charge amount of the vehicle-mounted power supply.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a refrigerant compressor and a heat storage tank according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an indoor unit of an air conditioner for an electric vehicle applied to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an accumulator type heat pump according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a hot water type heating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a refrigerant compressor and a heat storage tank according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 power supply switching distributor 3 external power supply 4 battery (vehicle power supply) 6 traveling motor 7 air conditioner 10 heat pump 11 hot water heating device 12 air conditioner control device 20 refrigerant compressor 21 first indoor heat exchanger (indoor heat exchanger) 33 electric motor of refrigerant compressor 51 indoor radiator 62 electric heater (heating means)

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takahisa Suzuki 1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya city, Aichi prefecture Nihon Denso Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An (a) vehicle-mounted power source charged by an external power source, (b) an electric refrigerant compressor that compresses and discharges a refrigerant when supplied with electric power from the vehicle-mounted power source, and this refrigerant compressor. A heat pump having an indoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the discharged refrigerant and the air blown into the passenger compartment; and (c) heat storage for accommodating the refrigerant compressor therein and for keeping warm water around the refrigerant compressor. An air conditioner for an electric vehicle, comprising: a tank; and (d) heating means for heating hot water in the heat storage tank when the vehicle-mounted power source is charged. 2. The air conditioner for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage tank is detachably attached to the refrigerant compressor. 3. An (a) vehicle-mounted power source charged by an external power source, and (b) an electric refrigerant compressor that compresses and discharges a refrigerant when supplied with electric power from the vehicle-mounted power source, and this refrigerant compressor. A heat pump having an indoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the discharged refrigerant and the air blown into the vehicle interior; (c) an indoor radiator for heat exchange between the inflowing hot water and the air blown out into the vehicle interior; A heat storage tank for accommodating the refrigerant compressor therein and keeping warm water around the refrigerant compressor; (e) a hot water circulation path for circulating hot water in the indoor radiator and the heat storage tank; (f) An air conditioner for an electric vehicle, comprising: a heating unit that heats hot water in the heat storage tank when the vehicle-mounted power source is charged. 4. The air conditioner for an electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the heat storage tank is detachably arranged in the refrigerant compressor.