JPH05322860A - Ultrasonic flaw detection method of insulating tube - Google Patents
Ultrasonic flaw detection method of insulating tubeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05322860A JPH05322860A JP4133674A JP13367492A JPH05322860A JP H05322860 A JPH05322860 A JP H05322860A JP 4133674 A JP4133674 A JP 4133674A JP 13367492 A JP13367492 A JP 13367492A JP H05322860 A JPH05322860 A JP H05322860A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flaw detection
- waveform
- insulating tube
- ultrasonic flaw
- probe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
- G01N2291/2697—Wafer or (micro)electronic parts
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、外周面に回転対称形状
の笠を有する碍管の欠陥の有無を、碍管の内面から超音
波探傷する方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for ultrasonic flaw detection from the inner surface of a porcelain tube for the presence or absence of defects in the porcelain tube having a rotationally symmetrical cap on its outer peripheral surface.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】碍管の内部の欠陥の有無を検査するため
には、従来から超音波探傷方法が使用されている。とこ
ろが碍管は外周面に多数の笠を有するために、探触子か
ら発信された超音波がこれらの笠によって反射して笠エ
コーとなり、図７に示すように欠陥からの反射による欠
陥エコーと入り混じることが避けられない。このために
従来は熟練した作業員が経験により笠エコーと欠陥エコ
ーとを見分けていたが、この方法は作業員による良否判
定のバラツキを招くこととなる。2. Description of the Related Art An ultrasonic flaw detection method has hitherto been used for inspecting the inside of a porcelain insulator for defects. However, since the porcelain insulator has a large number of shades on the outer peripheral surface, the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the probe are reflected by these shades to form shade echoes, and as shown in FIG. Mixing is inevitable. For this reason, a skilled worker conventionally discriminates the shade echo and the defect echo by experience, but this method causes variations in the quality judgment by the worker.
【０００３】また碍管に要求される信頼性の向上に伴
い、碍管の内面からも超音波探傷を行うことが求められ
ている。しかしこのためには碍管の径に応じて作業員が
碍管の内部に入ったり、腕を入れて探触子を操作する必
要があり、その作業性及び検査精度は低いものであっ
た。Further, as the reliability required of the porcelain tube is improved, it is required to carry out ultrasonic flaw detection from the inner surface of the porcelain tube. However, for this purpose, it is necessary for an operator to enter the inside of the porcelain tube or to insert the arm and operate the probe according to the diameter of the porcelain tube, and the workability and inspection accuracy are low.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記した従来
の問題点を解決し、外周面に笠を有する碍管の欠陥の有
無を、碍管の内面から精度よく、また能率よく超音波探
傷することができる碍管の超音波探傷方法を提供するた
めに完成されたものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and ultrasonically inspects the presence or absence of defects in a porcelain tube having a cap on the outer peripheral surface thereof from the inner surface of the porcelain tube with high accuracy and efficiency. It has been completed to provide an ultrasonic flaw detection method for porcelain tubes.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
めになされた本発明は、碍管の内面に圧着される探触子
を備えたアームを持つ回転シャフトを碍管の中心軸線上
にセットし、この回転シャフトと碍管との間に相対的な
回転及び軸線方向の変位を与えながら超音波探傷を行
い、このようにして得られた探傷波形を時間軸に沿って
多数の区間に等分割して各区間毎に最大値でピークホー
ルドした波形に変換したうえ、ほぼ同一円周上における
近接した２位置の探傷波形の差により欠陥の有無を判定
することを特徴とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, which has been made to solve the above problems, sets a rotary shaft having an arm having a probe to be crimped to the inner surface of a porcelain insulator on the central axis of the porcelain insulator. , Ultrasonic flaw detection is performed while applying relative rotation and axial displacement between the rotary shaft and the porcelain tube, and the flaw detection waveform thus obtained is equally divided into a number of sections along the time axis. Then, the waveform is converted into a waveform that is peak-held at the maximum value for each section, and the presence or absence of a defect is determined based on the difference between the flaw detection waveforms at two adjacent positions on substantially the same circumference.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】本発明においては、碍管の中心軸線上にセット
された回転シャフトと碍管との間に相対的な回転及び軸
線方向の変位を与えながら、回転シャフトのアームの先
端の探触子を碍管の内面に圧着させて超音波探傷を行
う。この場合、碍管の笠は回転対称に形成されているの
で、上記の軸線方向の変位の速度を回転速度に比較して
小さく設定しておけば、探触子は碍管のほぼ同一円周上
を移動し、ほぼ同一円周上における探傷波形を得ること
ができる。従って、探傷波形を時間軸に沿って多数の区
間に等分割して各区間毎に最大値でピークホールドした
波形に変換したうえ、近接した２位置の探傷波形の差を
取ると、笠の影響は近接した２位置の探傷波形に同様に
現れるはずであるから、笠の影響はキャンセルされて欠
陥による探傷波形の変化のみを取り出すことができる。
このために本発明の方法によれば、笠の影響を受けるこ
となく碍管の内面からの超音波探傷が可能となる。In the present invention, the probe at the tip of the arm of the rotary shaft is applied to the porcelain tube while providing relative rotation and axial displacement between the rotary shaft and the porcelain tube set on the central axis of the porcelain tube. Ultrasonic flaw detection is performed by crimping to the inner surface of the. In this case, since the cap of the porcelain tube is formed rotationally symmetrical, if the speed of displacement in the above-mentioned axial direction is set to be smaller than the rotational speed, the probe will be placed on substantially the same circumference of the porcelain tube. It is possible to move and obtain a flaw detection waveform on substantially the same circumference. Therefore, if the flaw detection waveform is equally divided into a number of sections along the time axis and converted into a waveform that peak-holds at the maximum value for each section, and if the difference between the flaw detection waveforms at two adjacent positions is calculated, the effect of the shade Should also appear in the flaw detection waveforms at two adjacent positions, the influence of the shade is canceled and only the change in the flaw detection waveform due to the defect can be extracted.
Therefore, according to the method of the present invention, ultrasonic flaw detection can be performed from the inner surface of the porcelain tube without being affected by the shade.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】以下に本発明を図示の実施例により、更に詳
細に説明する。図１、図２は本発明の第１の実施例を示
すもので、外周面に回転対称形状の多数の笠２を備えた
碍管１が、２本のロープ３により水平に吊り下げられて
いる。これらのロープ３の一方は動力式の滑車４により
駆動され、他方のロープ３はフリーな滑車５により支持
されたものであって、碍管１をその中心軸線のまわりに
回転させることができる。The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a porcelain bushing 1 having a large number of rotationally symmetrical caps 2 on its outer peripheral surface is suspended horizontally by two ropes 3. .. One of these ropes 3 is driven by a powered pulley 4 and the other rope 3 is supported by a free pulley 5, which allows the porcelain bushing 1 to rotate about its central axis.
【０００８】６は上記の碍管１の中心軸線上にセットさ
れた回転シャフトであり、その上にＮ本（Ｎ＝１、２、
３・・）のアーム７が設けられている。実施例ではＮ＝
３であり、３本のアーム７が設けられている。各アーム
７の先端には碍管１の内面に圧着される探触子８が取り
付けられている。説明の都合上、３個の探触子８にＡ，
Ｂ，Ｃの符号を付けるものとする。実施例の回転シャフ
ト６にはねじが切ってあり、各アーム７の基部と螺合し
ているので、回転シャフト６を回転させることによって
各アーム７とともに探触子８を碍管１の軸線方向に移動
させることができる。Reference numeral 6 denotes a rotary shaft set on the central axis of the above-mentioned porcelain bushing 1, on which N (N = 1, 2,
3 ...) Arm 7 is provided. In the embodiment, N =
3, and three arms 7 are provided. A probe 8 that is crimped onto the inner surface of the porcelain bushing 1 is attached to the tip of each arm 7. For convenience of explanation, A is attached to the three probes 8.
The symbols B and C are attached. Since the rotary shaft 6 of the embodiment is threaded and screwed with the base of each arm 7, by rotating the rotary shaft 6, the probe 8 is moved in the axial direction of the porcelain tube 1 together with each arm 7. Can be moved.
【０００９】探触子８は市販の斜角探触子であり、例え
ば６３ヘルツのトリガクロックにより駆動され、チャネ
ルセレクタ９の作用により図３のように一つのトリガク
ロック毎にＡ，Ｂ，Ｃの探触子８からの探傷波形が演算
装置に順次取り込まれるようになっている。次に図３と
図４を参照しつつ、本発明の超音波探傷工程を説明す
る。The probe 8 is a commercially available bevel probe, and is driven by a trigger clock of, for example, 63 hertz, and by the action of the channel selector 9, as shown in FIG. The flaw detection waveforms from the probe 8 of FIG. Next, the ultrasonic flaw detection process of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
【００１０】まず前記したように碍管１を回転させつつ
回転シャフト６を回転させ、各探触子８を碍管１の内面
に沿ってゆるやかな螺旋状に移動させる。しかし碍管１
の軸線方向への探触子８の移動速度は回転速度に比較し
て小さいので、各探触子８は碍管１のほぼ同一円周上を
移動するものと見なすことができる。First, as described above, the rotary shaft 6 is rotated while rotating the porcelain bushing 1, and each probe 8 is moved along the inner surface of the porcelain bushing 1 in a gentle spiral shape. But insulator 1
Since the moving speed of the probe 8 in the axial direction is smaller than the rotating speed, each probe 8 can be regarded as moving on substantially the same circumference of the porcelain insulator 1.
【００１１】図４のフローチャートに示すように、まず
トリガクロックのナンバーを意味するｔi を１とする。
そしてｔi ＝１に対応するＡの探触子８からの探傷波形
の取込みを開始する。このとき、トリガクロック間の探
傷波形を時間軸に沿ってＮ個の区間に等分割し、分割さ
れた各区間Ｎi 毎に区間内の波形の最大値をピークホー
ルドさせ、図３の下段に示すような波形に変換する。そ
してＮ個の区間について変換が終了したらその分のデー
タをメモリへ転送する。メモリは３の倍数分の波形を蓄
積できる容量を持つもので、ここでは説明を単純化する
ためにｔi ＝１〜６の６個分の波形を蓄積できるメモリ
（Ｔ＝６）を使用するものとする。As shown in the flow chart of FIG. 4, first, t i , which means the number of the trigger clock, is set to 1.
Then, the acquisition of the flaw detection waveform from the A probe 8 corresponding to t i = 1 is started. In this case, equally divided into N intervals along the flaw waveform between the trigger clock in the time axis, to the peak hold the maximum value of the waveform in the interval for each interval N i which is divided, the lower part of FIG. 3 Convert to the waveform as shown. When the conversion is completed for the N sections, the corresponding data is transferred to the memory. The memory has a capacity capable of accumulating waveforms for multiples of 3, and here, a memory (T = 6) capable of accumulating 6 waveforms of t i = 1 to 6 is used to simplify the description. I shall.
【００１２】上記のようにしてｔi ＝１に対応するＡの
探触子８からの探傷波形を変換したうえメモリに転送し
たら、次にｔi ＝２に対応するＢの探触子８からの探傷
波形を同様に変換し、メモリへ転送する。更にｔi ＝３
に対応するＣの探触子８からの探傷波形をメモリへ転送
し、以下同様にｔi ＝４、５、６に対応する第２巡目の
Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃの探傷波形をメモリへ転送する。図３ではＡ
の探触子８からの探傷波形のみを示してあるが、実際に
はＢ，Ｃの探触子８からもそれぞれ異なる探傷波形が生
ずる可能性がある。このようにしてｔi ＝６に達したら
次にほぼ同一円周上における（即ち同一の探触子８から
得られた）近接した２位置の探傷波形の差を演算する。As described above, after the flaw detection waveform from the A probe 8 corresponding to t i = 1 is converted and transferred to the memory, the B probe 8 corresponding to t i = 2 is then converted. Similarly, the flaw detection waveform of is converted and transferred to the memory. Furthermore, t i = 3
The flaw detection waveforms from the C probe 8 corresponding to the above are transferred to the memory, and thereafter, the flaw detection waveforms of the second round A, B, C corresponding to t i = 4, 5, 6 are similarly transferred to the memory. To do. In Figure 3, A
Although only the flaw detection waveforms from the probe 8 of FIG. 3 are shown, in reality, different flaw detection waveforms may occur from the probes 8 of B and C, respectively. In this way, when t i = 6 is reached, the difference between the flaw detection waveforms at two adjacent positions on the substantially same circumference (that is, obtained from the same probe 8) is calculated.
【００１３】まずｔi ＝１とし、実施例ではｔi ＝１の
Ａの波形とｔi ＝４のＡの波形との比較を行う。比較は
各区間Ｎi 毎のピークホールド値の差を求める方法で行
い、その絶対値がしきい値αを越えるか否かによって欠
陥の有無を判定する。前記したように、回転対称形状で
ある笠２の影響は同一円周上における近接した２位置の
探傷波形に同様に現れるはずであるから、ｔi ＝１のＡ
の波形とｔi ＝４のＡの波形との差を演算すれば笠２の
影響はキャンセルされ、欠陥による波形の変化のみを取
り出すことができる。そして欠陥が検出された場合には
不良信号を発生し、欠陥が検出されない場合にはｔi ＝
２とし、ｔi ＝２のＢの波形とｔi ＝５のＢの波形との
比較を行う。このようにしてｔi ＝３のＣの波形とｔi
＝６のＣの波形との比較を行うことにより１サイクルが
終了し、以下同様の演算が繰り返される。First, t i = 1 is set, and in the embodiment, the waveform of A at t i = 1 and the waveform of A at t i = 4 are compared. The comparison is performed by a method of obtaining the difference between the peak hold values for each section N i , and the presence or absence of a defect is determined by whether or not the absolute value exceeds the threshold value α. As described above, the influence of the shade 2 having the rotationally symmetric shape should appear in the flaw detection waveforms at the two adjacent positions on the same circumference, so that A of t i = 1.
By calculating the difference between the waveform of A and the waveform of A of t i = 4, the influence of the shade 2 is canceled and only the change in the waveform due to the defect can be extracted. Then, when a defect is detected, a defective signal is generated, and when no defect is detected, t i =
2, the B waveform at t i = 2 and the B waveform at t i = 5 are compared. Thus, the waveform of C at t i = 3 and t i
One cycle is completed by making a comparison with the C waveform of = 6, and the same calculation is repeated thereafter.
【００１４】以上に説明したように、第１の実施例にお
いては回転シャフト６上に設けられた３本のアーム７の
探触子８から得られた探傷波形を順次取込み、近接した
２位置の探傷波形の差を順次演算することにより、３つ
の断面位置における超音波探傷を並行処理することが可
能である。なお、上記の実施例ではｔi ＝１の波形とす
ぐ隣のｔi ＝４の波形とを比較したが、実際にはメモリ
の容量を大きくしておき、もう少し離れた２位置の探傷
波形の差を演算する方が好ましい。As described above, in the first embodiment, the flaw detection waveforms obtained from the probes 8 of the three arms 7 provided on the rotating shaft 6 are sequentially taken in, and the two adjacent flaw positions are detected. By sequentially calculating the difference between the flaw detection waveforms, it is possible to perform ultrasonic flaw detection at three cross-sectional positions in parallel. Although the waveform of t i = 1 and the waveform of t i = 4 immediately adjacent to each other were compared in the above-described embodiment, the memory capacity is actually increased and the waveforms of flaw detection at two positions a little further apart are compared. It is preferable to calculate the difference.
【００１５】つぎに図５と図６に、本発明の第２の実施
例を示す。第２の実施例は碍管１を固定し、その中心軸
線上にセットした回転シャフト６を回転させることによ
り、探触子８を碍管１の内面に沿って回転させるように
したものである。この場合には探触子８からの信号を取
り出すケーブルが捩じれることを防止するため、回転方
向を時計方向、反時計方向と交互に逆転させながら超音
波探傷を行う必要がある。また実施例のように同一円周
上を３つの探触子８により探傷するようにしておけば、
回転角度を120 °とすればよく、ケーブルのねじれが少
なくなる。第２の実施例でも３つの探触子８をＡ，Ｂ，
Ｃとすれば、第１の実施例について説明したと同様に演
算を行い、欠陥による波形変化のみを取り出すことが可
能である。Next, FIGS. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the porcelain insulator 1 is fixed, and the rotary shaft 6 set on the central axis of the porcelain insulator is rotated to rotate the probe 8 along the inner surface of the porcelain insulator 1. In this case, in order to prevent the cable for extracting the signal from the probe 8 from being twisted, it is necessary to carry out ultrasonic flaw detection while reversing the rotation direction alternately in the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction. If the three probes 8 are used to detect flaws on the same circumference as in the embodiment,
The twist angle of the cable is reduced by setting the rotation angle to 120 °. Also in the second embodiment, the three probes 8 are replaced by A, B,
If it is set to C, it is possible to perform the same calculation as described in the first embodiment and extract only the waveform change due to the defect.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】以上に説明したように、本発明の碍管の
超音波探傷方法によれば、外周面に笠を有する碍管の欠
陥の有無を笠の影響を受けることなく、碍管の内面から
精度よく、また能率よく超音波探傷することができ、特
に超高圧送電用の大型碍管の内部欠陥の有無の検査に好
適なものである。よって本発明は従来の問題点を解消し
た碍管の超音波探傷方法として、産業の発展に寄与する
ところは極めて大きいものである。As described above, according to the ultrasonic flaw detection method for a porcelain tube of the present invention, the presence or absence of defects in the porcelain tube having a cap on the outer peripheral surface can be accurately measured from the inner surface of the porcelain tube without being affected by the cap. It is possible to perform ultrasonic flaw detection well and efficiently, and is particularly suitable for inspecting the presence or absence of an internal defect in a large porcelain tube for ultra high voltage power transmission. Therefore, the present invention has an extremely great contribution to industrial development as an ultrasonic flaw detection method for porcelain tubes that solves the conventional problems.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施例を説明する断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第１の実施例を説明する側面図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a side view illustrating the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】各探傷子の探傷波形を示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing a flaw detection waveform of each flaw detector.
【図４】本発明の波形処理の手順を説明するフローチャ
ートである。FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of waveform processing according to the present invention.
【図５】本発明の第２の実施例を説明する断面図であ
る。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の第２の実施例を説明する側面図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】従来の超音波探傷方法によって碍管を検査した
場合の波形図である。FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram when inspecting a porcelain tube by a conventional ultrasonic flaw detection method.
１ 碍管 ２ 笠 ６ 回転シヤフト ７ アーム ８ 探触子 1 Insulator 2 Shade 6 Rotating Shaft 7 Arm 8 Probe
Claims (1)
アームを持つ回転シャフトを碍管の中心軸線上にセット
し、この回転シャフトと碍管との間に相対的な回転及び
軸線方向の変位を与えながら超音波探傷を行い、このよ
うにして得られた探傷波形を時間軸に沿って多数の区間
に等分割して各区間毎に最大値でピークホールドした波
形に変換したうえ、ほぼ同一円周上における近接した２
位置の探傷波形の差により欠陥の有無を判定することを
特徴とする碍管の超音波探傷方法。1. A rotary shaft having an arm provided with a probe which is crimped to the inner surface of the porcelain bushing is set on the central axis of the porcelain bushing, and the rotary shaft and the porcelain bushing are rotated in a relative rotational and axial direction. Ultrasonic flaw detection is performed while applying displacement, and the flaw detection waveform obtained in this way is equally divided into a number of sections along the time axis and converted into peak-hold waveforms with maximum values for each section. 2 close to each other on the same circumference
An ultrasonic flaw detection method for a porcelain tube characterized by determining the presence or absence of a defect based on a difference in flaw detection waveform at a position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4133674A JP2933778B2 (en) | 1992-05-26 | 1992-05-26 | Ultrasonic flaw detection method for insulator tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4133674A JP2933778B2 (en) | 1992-05-26 | 1992-05-26 | Ultrasonic flaw detection method for insulator tube |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05322860A true JPH05322860A (en) | 1993-12-07 |
| JP2933778B2 JP2933778B2 (en) | 1999-08-16 |
Family
ID=15110249
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4133674A Expired - Fee Related JP2933778B2 (en) | 1992-05-26 | 1992-05-26 | Ultrasonic flaw detection method for insulator tube |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2933778B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1359413A2 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2003-11-05 | Mannesmannröhren-Werke AG | Process for detecting flaws in oblong work pieces with ultrasounds |
-
1992
- 1992-05-26 JP JP4133674A patent/JP2933778B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1359413A2 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2003-11-05 | Mannesmannröhren-Werke AG | Process for detecting flaws in oblong work pieces with ultrasounds |
| US6843131B2 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2005-01-18 | Mannesmannröhren | Method of detecting discontinuities on elongated workpieces |
| EP1359413A3 (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2005-06-22 | Mannesmannröhren-Werke AG | Process for detecting flaws in oblong work pieces with ultrasounds |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2933778B2 (en) | 1999-08-16 |
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