JPH05239678A - Washing method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a washing method and device where there is no danger of the depletion of the ozone layer and high washing efficiency is obtained with a small quantity of a surfactant at a low cost. CONSTITUTION:The 1st washing chamber 8 for spraying water to a material to be washed 17, the 2nd washing chamber 9 for spraying a surfactant contg. water and the 3rd washing chamber 10 for spraying water are provided. In the 1st washing chamber 8 is installed the 1st regeneration treatment unit 23 and in the 2nd washing chamber 9 is installed the 2nd regeneration treatment unit 30 and in the 3rd washing chamber 10 is installed the 3rd regeneration treatment unit 32. Washing work is divided into steps by washing function, drain regeneration treatment to be given to each step are performed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to Freon (Freon 113).
Or CFC113) ・ Trichloroethane (1,1,1
The present invention relates to a method and a device for cleaning oil adhering to an article without using an ozone depleting substance such as trichloroethane or methylchloroform), and more particularly to a cleaning method and a cleaning device using water and a surfactant as a cleaning liquid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, chlorofluorocarbon, trichloroethane and the like have been often used for cleaning cutting oil and the like adhering to precision processed parts. However, when these solvents are released into the atmosphere, they destroy the ozone layer, and therefore regulations for production and use are being implemented. If a solvent that causes such ozone layer depletion is not used, it is conceivable to use a substitute substance although it is very expensive.
However, such alternative materials cannot meet the demand for keeping the cost of cleaning parts cheap. It is also possible to use a surfactant to keep the cleaning cost low, but in this case it is necessary to increase the concentration of the surfactant in the cleaning tank in order to effectively remove the oil adhering to the processed parts. There is. Increasing the concentration of surfactants requires large-scale wastewater treatment facilities to protect the natural environment,
The installation will be greatly restricted in terms of the site. Further, since it becomes difficult to separate the cleaning liquid and the oil, it is necessary to regularly replace all the cleaning liquid in the cleaning tank, which imposes a heavy cost burden.

For this reason, if a cleaning agent having a cleaning effect equivalent to or better than the case of using CFCs or trichloroethane etc. using a surfactant and suppressing the concentration of the surfactant in the cleaning liquid to be low, The processing equipment can be simplified and downsized. Furthermore, the cleaning cost can be kept low while realizing the protection of the natural environment.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems and uses a surfactant, and by reducing the amount of the surfactant used as compared with conventional washing, wastewater treatment equipment. A cleaning method and a cleaning device that reduce the cleaning cost and the wastewater treatment facility cost while achieving the same or higher cleaning effect as when using CFCs and trichloroethane, etc. The purpose is to do.

[0005]

According to the present invention, in the first cleaning step, the adhered oil is knocked off by spraying water on the object to be cleaned, and in the second cleaning step water containing a surfactant is added to the object to be cleaned. This is a cleaning method in which the oil remaining after spraying is replaced with the surfactant, and the surfactant is rinsed off by spraying water in the third cleaning step.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a first cleaning means for knocking off the oil by spraying water on the object to be cleaned with the oil, and the first cleaning means for draining the water and the oil used in the first cleaning means. A waste water treatment means is provided, and a second cleaning means for spraying water containing a surfactant onto the object to be cleaned after cleaning by the first cleaning means to replace the surfactant with the remaining oil is provided.
A second wastewater treatment means, which is attached to the second washing means and treats the water and oil containing the surfactant used in the second washing means, is provided, and the article to be washed after washing by the second washing means is provided. A third cleaning means for spraying water to rinse off the surfactant is provided, and a third wastewater treatment means attached to the third cleaning means for wastewater treatment of water, oil and surfactant used in the third cleaning means. Is provided in the cleaning device.

[0007]

According to the present invention, most of the adhered oil can be knocked off by spraying water on the object to be cleaned in the first cleaning step, and water containing a surfactant is sprayed in the second cleaning step. Replace the oil remaining on the cleaning object with a surfactant,
In the third washing step, the surfactant can be rinsed off with water.

According to the present invention, the first cleaning means blows water of a predetermined pressure onto the object to be cleaned, so that most of the adhered oil is knocked off, and the first cleaning means removes the waste water after use. Wastewater is treated by the wastewater treatment means, and water containing a surfactant is sprayed onto the object to be cleaned after the first cleaning treatment by the second cleaning means to replace the surfactant with the remaining oil,
Water and oil containing the surfactant used in the second cleaning means
The wastewater is treated by the wastewater treatment means, and the third washing means sprays water on the object to be washed to rinse off the surfactant,
Water, oil and surfactant used in the third cleaning means
Since the wastewater is treated by the wastewater treatment means, it can be divided for each cleaning stage, and the wastewater treatment becomes easy.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The cleaning device 1 shown in the figure comprises a cleaning device main body 2, an insertion conveyor 3 arranged at one end thereof, a raising machine 4, and a take-out conveyor 5 arranged at the other end and a descending machine 6.

Further, the cleaning device main body 2 is formed in a substantially rectangular box shape, and a transfer conveyor 7 as a transfer means is inserted through the central portion thereof. As shown in FIG. 4, the conveyor 7 has rails 7c, 7c arranged one on each side. A plurality of rollers 7 for transmitting a driving force from a driving motor (not shown) to the pair of rails 7c, 7c, respectively.
When the frame-shaped pallet 7b, on which the object 17 to be cleaned is placed and runs, is placed on the rails 7c and 7c in a suspended state, the pallet 7a is moved forward and backward under a predetermined transport condition to be transported. When the pallets 7b have been conveyed, they are detached from the rails at the take-out end of the take-out conveyor 5, and the dirty object 17 to be cleaned is again fed from the insert-end of the insert conveyor 3 and supplied.

The cleaning device main body 2 includes the transfer conveyor 7
Is extended along the feeding direction and is divided into a plurality of cleaning chambers.

Then, the cleaning device main body 2 is provided with the raising machine 4 from one end side thereof, and the first cleaning chamber 8, the second cleaning chamber 9, the third cleaning chamber 10, the fourth cleaning chamber 11 and the fifth cleaning are performed. The chambers 12 are sequentially formed. A first draining chamber 13 is provided between the first cleaning chamber 8 and the second cleaning chamber 9,
A second draining chamber 14 is also provided between the second cleaning chamber 9 and the third cleaning chamber 10. Further, a third draining chamber 15 is also provided between the fifth cleaning chamber 12 and the lowering machine 6.

Further, the third draining chamber 15 and the descender 6
A vacuum drying chamber 16 is provided between and.

The respective parts of the cleaning device body 2 will be described in detail below.

First, the first cleaning chamber 8 is provided with a plurality of shower jet nozzles a for cleaning the object 17 to be cleaned on the transfer conveyor 7 from above and below. These nozzles a
Of the nozzle a is arranged so as to be located at a distance of about 50 mm from the surface of the object to be cleaned 17, and the pipe b on the base end side of these nozzles a penetrates the wall surface of the cleaning device body 2 and extends to the outside. And is connected to a first tank 19 containing water. Here, a heater 20 and a pump 21 that heat and pressurize the water jetted from the nozzle a are provided in the middle of the pipe b.
And are provided. These heater 20 and pump 2
1, the water ejected from the nozzle a is about 45 ° C.
It is heated to ˜55 ° C. and the injection pressure is increased to about 1 kg / cm 2. Here, the first cleaning chamber 8, the nozzle a, the pipe b, the first tank 19, the heater 20, and the pump 21 constitute a first cleaning means.

The bottom of the first cleaning chamber 8 communicates with the bottom of the first draining chamber 13 formed with a partition plate 22 therebetween, and collects the water used for cleaning and the drained water. It is supposed to do. The water collected here passes through the first regeneration treatment unit 23 as the first wastewater treatment means and is supplied again to the first tank 19. The first regeneration processing unit 23 includes a centrifugal filter (not shown) and a heater composed of a boiler or the like. The centrifugal filter separates solids and oily water contained in the water used for washing, and the heater degass and sterilizes for pH (hereinafter referred to as pH) adjustment, and regenerates.

Further, a supply pipe 25 from a pure water tank 24 is connected to the first tank 19, pure water is pressure-fed by a pump 26, and a supply amount is adjusted by a valve 27. Here, the pure water in the pure water tank 24 is supplied when the amount of water in the first tank 19 decreases, and most of the water in the first tank 19 is regenerated by the first regeneration processing unit 23. It is the water that was made.

Next, the second cleaning chamber 9 is provided with a plurality of shower jet nozzles d for cleaning the object 17 to be cleaned on the transfer conveyor 7 from above and below. These nozzles d
Of the nozzle d is arranged so as to be located at a distance of about 50 mm from the surface of the object to be cleaned 17, and the pipe e on the base end side of these nozzles d penetrates the wall surface of the cleaning device body 2 and extends to the outside. And is connected to the second tank 28. here,
The second tank 28 stores water containing a predetermined amount of a surfactant (hereinafter referred to as a cleaning liquid). In addition, the above piping e
A heater 20 and a pump 21 that heat and pressurize the cleaning liquid ejected from the nozzle d are provided in the middle of the area. The cleaning liquid ejected from the nozzle d is heated to 45 ° C. to 55 ° C. by the heater 20 and the pump 21 and the injection pressure is increased to about 1 kg / cm 2. The second cleaning chamber 9, the nozzle d, the pipe e, the second tank 28, the heater 20 and the pump 21 constitute a second cleaning means. The above-mentioned surfactant has a cloud point of about 45 ° C to 55 ° C, and the cleaning power is enhanced by heating the water and the cleaning liquid used for cleaning to near the cloud point of the surfactant.

The bottom portion of the second cleaning chamber 9 communicates with the bottom portion of the second draining chamber 14 formed with a partition plate 29 interposed therebetween, and collects the cleaning liquid used for cleaning and the drained cleaning liquid. It is supposed to do. The cleaning liquid collected here passes through the second regeneration treatment unit 30 as the second wastewater treatment means and is resupplied to the second tank 28. The second regeneration processing unit 30 is provided with a surfactant-non-adsorption type electrostatic filter (not shown), and a conductivity meter (not shown) is provided at a passage point of the cleaning liquid from which oil is separated by the electrostatic filter. There is. By providing this conductivity meter, the concentration of silicate in the cleaning liquid can be detected and the concentration of the surfactant can be controlled. That is, the second regeneration processing unit 30 adsorbs and separates the oil in the cleaning liquid by the electrostatic filter of the surfactant non-adsorption type so that the concentration of the surfactant in the cleaning liquid can be managed and reused. I have to.

A supply pipe 25 from a pure water tank 24 is connected to the second tank 28 so that pure water is pressure-fed by a pump 26 and a supply amount is adjusted by a valve 27. Here, the pure water in the pure water tank 24 is supplied when the amount of water in the second tank 28 decreases, and most of the cleaning liquid in the second tank 28 is regenerated by the second regeneration processing unit 30. It has been processed.

The third cleaning chamber 10 has the transfer conveyor 7
A plurality of shower jet nozzles f for cleaning the upper object to be cleaned 17 from above and below are provided. The tips of these nozzles f are arranged so as to be located at a distance of about 50 mm from the surface of the object to be cleaned 17, and the piping g on the base end side of these nozzles f penetrates the wall surface of the cleaning device body 2. Is extended to the outside and connected to the third tank 31. Here, water is stored in the third tank 31. A heater 20 and a pump 21 that heat and pressurize the water ejected from the nozzle f are provided in the middle of the pipe g. The water ejected from the nozzle f is heated to 45 ° C. to 55 ° C. by the heater 20 and the pump 21 and the injection pressure is increased to 1 kg / cm 2. Then, the third cleaning chamber 10, the nozzle f, the pipe g, and the third tank 31.
The heater 20, and the pump 21 constitute a third cleaning means.

The bottom of the third cleaning chamber 10 collects the water used for cleaning, and the collected water is the third regeneration treatment unit 32 as the third wastewater treatment means.
And is re-supplied to the third tank 31. The third regeneration processing unit 32 includes a surfactant adsorption type electrostatic filter (not shown), and the electrostatic filter separates water, oil and the surfactant into each. Then, the water can be reused by passing through the surfactant adsorption type electrostatic filter.

A supply pipe 25 from a pure water tank 24 is connected to the third tank 31, pure water is pressure-fed by a pump 26, and a supply amount is adjusted by a valve 27. Here, the pure water in the pure water tank 24 is supplied when the amount of water in the third tank 31 is reduced, and most of the water in the third tank 31 is regenerated by the third regeneration treatment unit 32. It is treated water.

The fourth cleaning chamber 11 has the transfer conveyor 7
A plurality of shower jet nozzles h for cleaning the upper object to be cleaned 17 from above and below are provided. The tips of these nozzles h are arranged at a distance of about 50 mm from the surface of the object to be cleaned 17, and the pipes j on the base end side of these nozzles h penetrate the wall surface of the cleaning device body 2. And is extended to the outside and connected to the fourth tank 33. Here, pure water is stored in the fourth tank 33, and the purity of the pure water in the fourth tank 33 is set to be higher than that of the water in the third tank 31. Further, a heater 20 and a pump 21 that heat and pressurize the pure water ejected from the nozzle h are provided in the middle of the pipe j. The pure water ejected from the nozzle h is heated to 45 ° C. to 55 ° C. by the heater 20 and the pump 21, and the injection pressure is increased to 1 kg / cm 2. Then, the fourth cleaning chamber 1
The first cleaning means is composed of 1, the nozzle h, the pipe j, the fourth tank 33, the heater 20 and the pump 21.

The bottom of the fourth cleaning chamber 11 collects the pure water used for cleaning, and the collected pure water passes through the fourth regeneration processing unit 34 and the fourth cleaning processing unit 34. It is supplied again to the tank 33. This fourth reproduction processing unit 3
No. 4 is equipped with an activated carbon filter (not shown), and this activated carbon filter adsorbs the organic substances in the pure water used for rinsing so that the pure water can be reused.

A supply pipe 25 from a pure water tank 24 is connected to the fourth tank 33, pure water is pumped by a pump 26, and a supply amount is adjusted by a valve 27. Here, the pure water in the pure water tank 24 is supplied when the amount of water in the fourth tank 33 decreases, and most of the pure water in the fourth tank 33 is supplied by the fourth regeneration processing unit 34. It is pure water that has been regenerated.

The fifth cleaning chamber 12 has the transfer conveyor 7
A plurality of shower jet nozzles k for cleaning the upper object to be cleaned 17 from above and below are provided. The tips of these nozzles k are arranged so as to be located at a distance of about 50 mm from the surface of the object to be cleaned 17, and the pipes m on the base end side of these nozzles k penetrate the wall surface of the cleaning device body 2. And is extended to the outside and connected to the fifth tank 35. Here, pure water having a higher purity than the pure water in the fourth tank 33 is stored in the fifth tank 35. A heater 20 and a pump 21 that heat and pressurize the pure water ejected from the nozzle k are provided in the middle of the pipe m. The pure water ejected from the nozzle k is heated to 45 ° C. to 55 ° C. by the heater 20 and the pump 21, and the injection pressure is increased to 1 kg / cm 2. Then, the fifth cleaning chamber 12, the nozzle k, the pipe m, the fifth tank 35, and the heater 2
The 0 and the pump 21 constitute a fifth cleaning means.

Further, the bottom of the fifth cleaning chamber 12 communicates with the bottom of the third draining chamber 15 formed with a partition plate 37 therebetween, so that the pure water used for rinsing and the pure water drained are drained. It is supposed to collect. The pure water collected here passes through the fifth regeneration processing unit 36, and then passes through the fifth regeneration processing unit 36.
It is resupplied to the tank 35. The fifth regeneration processing unit 36 is equipped with an ion exchange type deionized water producing device (not shown). The deionized water producing device adsorbs organic substances in the deionized water used for rinsing so that the deionized water can be reused. I have to.

A supply pipe 25 from a pure water tank 24 is connected to the fifth tank 35, pure water is pumped by a pump 26, and a supply amount is adjusted by a valve 27. Here, the pure water in the pure water tank 24 is supplied when the amount of water in the fifth tank 35 decreases, and most of the pure water in the fifth tank 35 is supplied by the fifth regeneration processing unit 36. It is pure water that has been regenerated. The pure water in the pure water tank 24 has a purity equal to or higher than that of the pure water in the fifth tank 35.

The first to third draining chambers 13 and 1 are also provided.
A plurality of nozzles n for air injection for draining water from the top and bottom of the object to be cleaned 17 on the conveyor 7 are arranged at 4 and 15. The tips of these nozzles n are arranged so as to be located at a distance of about 50 mm from the surface of the object to be cleaned 17, and the pipe r on the base end side of the nozzle n penetrates the wall surface of the cleaning device main body 2 to the outside. And is connected to the compressor 39. These nozzles n drain the object to be cleaned 17 by blowing air of a predetermined pressure. That is, the drainage chambers 13, 14, 15 are arranged so as not to contaminate the cleaning chamber or the like in the next process when the object to be cleaned 17 moves to the next process.

The vacuum drying chamber 16 is provided with an openable door 1
6a and 16b are provided, and each time a predetermined number of objects to be cleaned 17 conveyed by the conveyor 7 are accommodated,
The doors 16a and 16b are closed to reduce the pressure in the vacuum drying chamber 16 to accelerate the drying. Before being housed in the vacuum drying chamber 16, the object to be cleaned 17 is sufficiently heated to a state where it is easy to dry because pure water or the like at about 45 ° C. to 55 ° C. is sprayed in each step.

By using the cleaning apparatus 1 configured as described above, cleaning as described below can be performed.

The object to be cleaned 17 is, for example, a metallic cylindrical part 17 cut into a complicated shape as shown in FIG. 3, and a plurality of blind holes 17a are formed in the lower surface of the cylindrical part 17. Therefore, a large amount of cutting oil, chips, etc. are attached to the surface and the blind hole 17a.

When such an object to be cleaned 17 is placed on the insertion conveyor 3, the insertion conveyor 3 is moved to the object 1 to be cleaned.
7 is supplied to the ascending machine 4. The lifting machine 4 supplies the object to be cleaned 17 onto the conveyor 7. At this time, the blind hole 17a of the object to be cleaned 17 is placed so as to open downward.

Then, the object to be cleaned 17 supplied onto the conveyor 7 is first housed in the first cleaning chamber 8 and the first cleaning means performs the first cleaning step. The heated and pressurized water is ejected from the nozzle a, and most of the cutting oil, cutting powder, etc. adhering to the object to be cleaned 17 is blown off. In particular, about 98% of the deposited amount of oil is removed. Further, the transfer conveyor 7 is controlled so as to advance and retreat in the advancing direction in the range where the shower from the nozzle a is sprayed, that is, in the first cleaning chamber 8 so as to enhance the cleaning effect. This conveyor 7
Water is also sufficiently sprayed into the blind hole 17a of the object to be cleaned 17 by the forward and backward movement of. Generally, water has a low chemical function of cleaning oil, but when mechanically knocking off a large amount of oil, it exhibits a very high cleaning function under predetermined conditions. In other words, when flon, trichloroethane, etc. cannot be used, mechanical cleaning with water at the initial stage of stepwise cleaning has a very high effect.

Further, the water used in the first washing chamber 8 is collected at the bottom, passed through the first regeneration processing unit 23, subjected to centrifugal filtration, and subjected to pH adjustment treatment, so that water, oil, shavings, etc. Is separated into solids, and degassed and sterilized for regeneration. This first reproduction processing unit 23
The water regenerated by is supplied to the first tank 19 and reused in the first cleaning process. Since water and oil are very easily separated in the first regeneration treatment unit 23, the regeneration treatment can be easily performed with an inexpensive device, and most of the water used in the first washing step is reused. ..

When the first cleaning process in the first cleaning chamber 8 is completed, the transfer conveyor 7 removes the object to be cleaned 17 from the first draining chamber 13
Transport to. In the first draining chamber 13, a first draining step is performed in which air having a predetermined pressure is blown to blow off the water adhering to the object to be cleaned 17. The water blown off here is collected at the bottom, passes through the first regeneration processing unit 23, and is regenerated. By passing through the first draining chamber 13, the object to be cleaned 17 has most of the other adhering substances removed except for a trace amount of oil (a state of an oil film) remaining on the surface, and the removed adhering substances are It does not enter the second cleaning chamber 9.

Next, when the first draining process is completed, the conveyor 7 conveys the object to be cleaned 17 to the second cleaning chamber 9. In the second cleaning chamber 9, the heated and pressurized cleaning liquid (water containing a predetermined amount of surfactant) is jetted from the nozzle d,
A second cleaning step is performed to replace the oil adhering to the object to be cleaned 17 and the surfactant. By this cleaning step, the oil is replaced with the surfactant, and thus the oil is removed from the surface of the object to be cleaned 17 and the blind hole 17a. In addition, the transfer conveyor 7
Is controlled so that the shower is sprayed from the nozzle d, that is, in the second cleaning chamber 9, it moves back and forth in the traveling direction to enhance the cleaning effect. By the forward / backward movement of the transport conveyor 7, the cleaning liquid is sufficiently sprayed into the blind hole 17a of the object to be cleaned 17.

By carrying out mechanical washing with water at the initial stage of the stepwise washing, the concentration of the surfactant in the washing liquid used in the second washing step can be kept extremely low as compared with the case of normal washing. The cleaning time can be shortened, and
The regeneration process described below can be performed with inexpensive equipment.

The cleaning liquid used in the second cleaning chamber 9 is collected at the bottom and separated from the cleaning liquid by passing through the second regeneration processing unit 30, and the concentration of the surfactant is adjusted. It is regenerated. The cleaning liquid regenerated by the second regeneration processing unit 30 is supplied to the second tank 28 and reused in the second cleaning step. The cleaning liquid and the oil are separated in the second regeneration processing unit 30, and most of the cleaning liquid used in the second cleaning step is reused.

When the second cleaning step in the second cleaning chamber 9 is completed, the transfer conveyor 7 removes the object 17 to be cleaned from the second draining chamber 14
Transport to. In the second draining chamber 14, a second draining step is performed in which air having a predetermined pressure is blown to blow off the cleaning liquid adhering to the object to be cleaned 17. The cleaning liquid blown off here is collected at the bottom and collected in the second regeneration processing unit 3 described above.
Reproduction processing is performed after passing 0. By passing through the second draining chamber 14, most of the deposits other than the trace amount of the surfactant remaining on the surface of the object to be cleaned 17 are removed, and the removed deposits are removed from the third cleaning chamber. Do not break into 10.

Next, when the second draining process is completed, the conveyor 7 conveys the object to be cleaned 17 to the third cleaning chamber 10.
In the third cleaning chamber 10, the heated and pressurized water is ejected from the nozzle f to perform a third cleaning step of rinsing off the surfactant adhering to the object to be cleaned 17. By this cleaning step, the surfactant is removed from the surface of the object to be cleaned 17 and the blind hole 17a.
Removed from. Further, the transfer conveyor 7 is controlled so as to move forward and backward in the advancing direction in the range where the shower from the nozzle f is sprayed, that is, in the third cleaning chamber 10 to enhance the rinsing effect. Due to the forward / backward movement of the transport conveyor 7, water is also sufficiently sprayed into the blind holes 17a of the object to be cleaned 17.

By performing mechanical washing with water at the initial stage of the stepwise washing, the concentration of the surfactant used can be kept low, so that the concentration of the surfactant in the water used in the third washing step can be reduced. Is extremely low.

The water used in the third cleaning chamber 10 is collected at the bottom and passed through the third regeneration processing unit 32, where the surfactant and water are separated and regenerated. This third
The cleaning liquid regenerated by the regeneration processing unit 32 is supplied to the third tank 31 and reused in the third cleaning step. The surfactant and water are separated in the third regeneration treatment unit 32, and most of the water used in the third cleaning step is reused.

Although the intended purpose of the present invention can be achieved by passing through the first to third cleaning steps as described above, in this embodiment, in order to further enhance the cleaning effect, the fourth cleaning described below is performed. The process and the fifth cleaning process are performed.

When the third cleaning process in the third cleaning chamber 10 is completed, the transfer conveyor 7 transfers the object to be cleaned 17 to the fourth cleaning chamber 11. In the fourth cleaning chamber 11, the heated and pressurized pure water is ejected from the nozzle h to perform a fourth cleaning step of rinsing off the surfactant remaining on the object to be cleaned 17. By this cleaning step, the surfactant is almost completely removed from the surface of the object to be cleaned 17 and the blind hole 17a. Further, the transfer conveyor 7 is controlled so as to advance and retreat in the advancing direction within the range in which the shower from the nozzle h is sprayed, that is, in the fourth cleaning chamber 11, and enhance the rinsing effect. Due to the forward / backward movement of the transfer conveyor 7, the blind hole 17a of the cleaning object 17 is
Sufficient pure water is sprayed inside.

The pure water used in the fourth cleaning chamber 11 is collected at the bottom and passed through the fourth regeneration processing unit 34, where the surfactant and water are separated and regenerated. The cleaning liquid regenerated by the fourth regeneration processing unit 34 is supplied to the fourth tank 33 and reused in the fourth cleaning step. The surfactant and pure water are separated in the fourth regeneration processing unit 34, and most of the pure water used in the fourth cleaning step is reused.

Next, the object to be cleaned 1 which has completed the fourth cleaning step.
7 is transferred to the fifth cleaning chamber 12 by the transfer conveyor 7. In this fifth cleaning chamber 12, the heated and pressurized pure water is ejected from the nozzle k to perform a fifth cleaning step of further rinsing off the surfactant remaining on the object to be cleaned 17. By this cleaning step, the surfactant is completely removed from the surface of the object to be cleaned 17 and the blind hole 17a. Further, the transfer conveyor 7 moves back and forth in the advancing direction in the range where the shower from the nozzle k is sprayed, that is, in the fifth cleaning chamber 12.
Controlled to enhance the rinse effect. Due to the forward / backward movement of the transport conveyor 7, pure water is sufficiently sprayed into the blind hole 17a of the object to be cleaned 17.

The pure water used in the fifth cleaning chamber 12 is collected at the bottom and passed through the fifth regeneration processing unit 36, where the surfactant and pure water are separated and regenerated. The pure water regenerated by the fifth regeneration processing unit 36 is supplied to the fifth tank 35 and reused in the fifth cleaning step. The surfactant and pure water are separated in the fifth regeneration processing unit 36, and most of the pure water used in the fifth cleaning step is reused.

As described above, by rinsing off the surfactant adhering to the object to be cleaned 17 for each of the third to fifth cleaning chambers, the concentration of the surfactant is reduced stepwise, and at the final stage, it is completely removed. The surfactant can be removed.

The object 17 to be cleaned, which has been subjected to the fifth cleaning step in the fifth cleaning chamber in this manner, is transferred to the third position by the transfer conveyor 7.
It is transported to the draining chamber 15. In the third draining chamber 15, a third draining step is performed in which air having a predetermined pressure is blown onto the object to be cleaned 17 to blow off the attached pure water. The pure water blown off here is collected at the bottom and passed through the fifth regeneration processing unit 36 to be regenerated. By passing through the third draining chamber 15, most of the pure water remaining on the surface of the object to be cleaned 17 is removed, and the removed pure water does not enter the vacuum drying chamber 16. That is, the object to be cleaned 1
The pure water remaining on the surface of 7 and in the blind hole 17a is removed,
Prevents the generation of stains after drying.

The objects 17 to be cleaned which have been subjected to the third draining step are put together in a vacuum drying chamber 16 in a predetermined quantity.
Here, the number of the objects to be cleaned 17 accommodated in the vacuum drying chamber 16 depends on the number of the third draining chamber 1 within the time required for vacuum drying.
It is set so as to correspond to the quantity carried out from 5. Then, in the vacuum drying chamber 16, after the object to be cleaned 17 is housed, the doors 16a and 16b are closed by a driving means (not shown), and the pressure is reduced to a predetermined pressure state by a pressure reducing means such as a vacuum pump (not shown). Due to this reduced pressure, the object to be cleaned 17
The pure water attached to is evaporated and dried. At this time, since the temperature of the object to be cleaned 17 is raised to around 45 ° C. to 55 ° C. by the pure water or the like, the evaporation proceeds rapidly.

The vacuum drying chamber 16 opens the doors 16a and 16b when the drying of the object to be cleaned 17 is completed, and the transfer conveyor 7 carries the object to be cleaned 17 out of the vacuum drying chamber 16. The article to be cleaned 17 that has been carried out is lowered to the take-out conveyor 5 by the lowering machine 6 and is conveyed to the take-out side by the take-out conveyor 5.

As described above, by using the cleaning apparatus 1 which is divided into the first to fifth cleaning steps and performs the cleaning in each step, the pure water, water and the cleaning solution used for the cleaning are classified according to the contamination state. It can be divided into different parts, and a recycling process can be performed for each contamination state. Regeneration processing for each pollution state is relatively easy, each facility can be set up small and inexpensive, and requires many large-scale and expensive wastewater treatment tanks like conventional wastewater treatment systems. Not a thing.

Then, in the first cleaning step, most of the deposits on the object to be cleaned 17 are removed by spraying water. Second
In the cleaning process, the cleaning liquid is sprayed on the object to be cleaned 1
The oil slightly left in 7 is replaced by surfactant. Then, in the third cleaning step, the surfactant is rinsed off by spraying water. In the fourth cleaning step, the remaining surfactant is further removed with pure water having a higher purity than the water used in the third cleaning step. Then, in the fifth cleaning step, further rinsing is performed with pure water having a higher purity than the pure water used in the fourth cleaning step. Next, by drying in the vacuum drying chamber 16, the pure water can be removed and the cleaning can be completed without leaving stains on the object to be cleaned 17. By arranging the first draining step, the second draining step, and the third draining step at the boundary of the cleaning functional areas, the respective contaminated states can be maintained between the adjacent different cleaning functional areas. Here, the cleaning function region is a first cleaning chamber 8 in which oil is tapped off with water, a second cleaning chamber 9 in which a cleaning liquid is used, and third to fifth cleaning chambers 10 and 1 in which water and pure water are used.
1 and 12 and the vacuum drying chamber 16 for drying the object to be cleaned 17 are shown. A product processed from a blank state by sequentially arranging the cleaning device 1 at the end of the manufacturing line by sequentially advancing the cleaning process while transferring the object to be cleaned 17 by the transfer conveyor 7 as described above. It is possible to complete an extremely efficient production line in which cleaning is completed and carried out in the completed state.

It should be noted that the cleaning device 1 described above is replaced with the take-over portion 4
It is also possible to install in a small space by arranging 0 as shown in FIG. In other words, by arranging a small regeneration processing unit under each cleaning chamber,
High-density equipment can be arranged, and since the objects 17 to be cleaned can be supplied and carried out at a single location by being arranged in a substantially C-shape, efficiency and labor saving of cleaning work can be achieved.

The second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 5, but since the basic structure of the cleaning apparatus is the same as that described in the first embodiment, only the differences will be described. The drying device 50 shown in the figure replaces the vacuum drying chamber 16 in the cleaning device 1 of the first embodiment. The drying device 50 is used to dry the object to be cleaned 17 that has been subjected to the series of cleaning steps and the draining step of the first embodiment.

The drying device 50 is provided with a drying container 51 having an open top, and a perfluorocarbon 52 is accommodated below the drying container 51. A spiral cooling pipe 53 is arranged on the inner wall surface of the upper portion of the drying container 51, and the cooling pipe 53 is connected to a refrigeration cycle device 54 provided outside the drying container 51. That is,
A cooling medium is circulated in the cooling pipe 53 so that heat is exchanged. Further, a gutter-shaped brim portion 55 is annularly arranged below the cooling pipe 53 and liquid-tightly coupled to the inner wall surface of the drying container 51. In addition, the drying container 51
A heater 56 is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the perfluorocarbon 52 to heat the perfluorocarbon 52 contained in the drying container 51. Further, the drying device 50 includes a drying container 51.
Besides, a specific gravity separation tank 57 is provided. A collecting pipe 58 communicating with the inside of the wall surface corresponding to the flange 55 of the drying container 51 is connected to the central portion of the wall surface of the specific gravity separation tank 57 in the vertical direction, and the lower wall surface of the specific gravity separation tank 57 is connected to the lower wall surface. Is connected to a supply pipe 59 that communicates with the inside of the lower wall surface of the drying container 51.

The drying container 51 is located below the transfer conveyor 7, and the transfer conveyor 7 and the drying container 5 are connected to each other.
Elevator 60 for raising and lowering the object to be cleaned 17 inside
Is provided.

In the drying device 50 thus constructed, the perfluorocarbon 52 is heated by the heater 56 to a boiling state of about 101 ° C. to 110 ° C. under atmospheric pressure. Further, the cooling pipe 53 condenses the evaporated water and the perfluorocarbon 52 and also generates a wind in the arrow W direction toward the cooling pipe 53 due to the pressure difference.

Then, the object to be cleaned 17 conveyed by the conveyor 7 is lowered until the elevator 60 is submerged in the perfluorocarbon 52. The pure water remaining on the surface of the object to be cleaned 17 submerged in the perfluorocarbon 52 is heated to over 100 ° C. and removed in a boiling state. The boiled perfluorocarbon 52 and the pure water, in an evaporated state, ride on the wind toward the cooling pipe 53, are liquefied in the vicinity of the cooling pipe 53, and are collected in the flange 55. The object to be cleaned 17
Is conveyed to the conveyor 7 by the elevator 60. At this time, the object to be cleaned 17 is in a dry state and is conveyed to the takeout conveyor side.

After drying as described above, the perfluorocarbon 52 and pure water collected in the collar portion 55 flow into the specific gravity separation tank 57 through the collecting pipe 58. Here, the perfluorocarbon is insoluble in pure water, has a large difference in specific gravity from water, and has a property that the boiling point is slightly higher than that of water as described above. Then, the perfluorocarbon 52 flowing into the specific gravity separation tank 57 is naturally separated due to the difference in specific gravity from water. The perfluorocarbon 52 separated to the lower side in the specific gravity separation tank 57 is supplied to the drying container 51 side through the supply pipe 59.

The above-mentioned drying device 50 is equipped with a wastewater treatment means utilizing natural separation due to the difference in specific gravity, and is inexpensive and can reuse perfluorocarbon efficiently.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned perfluorocarbon is not toxic to the human body, has an ozone layer depletion coefficient of zero, and has the characteristic that there is no danger of environmental destruction.

The third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 6, but the basic structure of the cleaning apparatus is the first embodiment.
Since it is the same as that described in the embodiment, only the different part will be described. The cleaning unit 60 shown in the figure corresponds to the first cleaning chamber 8 in the first embodiment, and performs the first cleaning step with water. The cleaning unit 60 includes a cleaning chamber 61, and the transport conveyor 7 is provided so as to penetrate the central portion of the cleaning chamber 61. An object to be cleaned 17 is placed on the transfer conveyor 7 and is transferred in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. A plurality of nozzles s arranged at a position about 50 mm apart from the top and bottom and spraying water are provided on the article to be cleaned 17.
A tip end side of a water supply pipe 62 is connected to the base ends of these nozzles s, and the base end side of the water supply pipe 62 is the cleaning chamber 61.
Of the specific gravity separation tank 63 as a wastewater treatment means and is connected to the bottom of the specific gravity separation tank 63. This water pipe 6
A pump 64 for pumping water toward the nozzle s is provided in the middle of 2. The pressure of water sprayed from the nozzle s by the pump 64 is set to be about 1 kg / cm @ 2 on the surface of the object to be cleaned 17. Also,
The specific gravity separation tank 63 has a bottom portion located below the cleaning chamber 61, and a collecting pipe 65 connected to the bottom portion of the cleaning chamber 61 is connected to a wall part of the specific gravity separation tank 63 in the middle of the vertical direction. Has been done.

Cleaning unit 60 constructed as described above
Stores a predetermined amount of water 66, regenerates the water 66, and cleans it. Water is sprayed from the nozzle s to the object to be cleaned 17 by the predetermined pressure, and most of the adhered matter such as oil adhered to the object to be cleaned 17 is knocked off.
The water 66 used for this cleaning is collected at the bottom of the cleaning chamber 61, and further, the specific gravity separation tank 63 is collected through the collecting pipe 65.
Flow into. That is, the cleaning chamber 61 and the specific gravity separation tank 63
The water 66 naturally flows toward the specific gravity separation tank 63 side due to the difference in height at the bottom of the water. Further, a filter 65a provided in the middle of the collecting pipe 65 removes solids other than oil and water. The water 66 flowing into the specific gravity separation tank 63 is naturally separated due to the difference in specific gravity from the oil 67. Then, the pump 64 pumps only the water 66 separated below the specific gravity separation tank 63 through the water supply pipe 62 toward the nozzle s. The cleaning effect can be enhanced by moving the transfer conveyor 7 back and forth multiple times in the transfer direction within the water spray range during the cleaning. Further, an oil discharge valve 68 is provided on the wall surface of the specific gravity separation tank 63 at a height position where the oil 67 is separated so that only the oil 67 can be discharged.

According to the cleaning unit 60 as described above,
Without adding special regeneration treatment to the regeneration treatment of water 66,
Since the oil 67 can be naturally separated from the oil 67, it is possible to provide a very inexpensive and small cleaning device. Further, since most of the oil adhering to the object to be cleaned 17 can be removed by the cleaning unit 60, the concentration of the surfactant used in the subsequent cleaning step can be suppressed to a low level, and the cleaning liquid in the subsequent step can be further suppressed. The reproduction process can be easily performed. The cleaning unit 6 is used in the initial stage of the cleaning process divided into stages.
By using 0, it is possible to reduce the burden of wastewater regeneration processing and to downsize the device.

In each of the above embodiments, the water, pure water, and the surfactant regenerated by the first to fifth regeneration processing units 23, 30, 32, 34, 36 are respectively stored in the first to fifth tanks. It was configured to be supplied again to 19, 28, 31, 33, 35 and used for cleaning again, but the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, by changing the first regeneration treatment unit 23 to a first wastewater treatment unit (not shown) and supplying fresh water to the first tank 19, water is sprayed onto the article to be cleaned 17, It is also possible to perform the first cleaning step in which most of the adhered oil is knocked off. At this time, the first wastewater treatment unit separates oily water and drains only water,
Store the oil until it reaches the specified volume, and treat it separately as waste oil. Here, the basic configuration of the first wastewater treatment unit is the same as that of the first regeneration treatment unit 23, and separates oil, cutting waste, and water,
It is designed to drain only water.

Further, by changing the second regeneration processing unit 30 to a second waste water processing unit (not shown) and supplying a new cleaning liquid to the second tank 28, the cleaning liquid is sprayed onto the object to be cleaned 17. A second cleaning step for replacing the adhered oil and the surfactant can be performed. The second wastewater treatment unit is provided with a surfactant non-adsorption type electrostatic filter and a surfactant adsorption type electrostatic filter, respectively, to separate oil, surfactant and water, and to remove only water. It is designed to drain. Store the oil and surfactant until they reach the prescribed amounts, separately,
Disposal of surfactant and waste oil treatment.

Further, the third regeneration treatment unit 32 is changed to a third wastewater treatment unit (not shown), and the third tank 31 is changed.
By supplying new pure water to the device, it is possible to perform the third cleaning process in which pure water is sprayed on the object to be cleaned 17 and the adhering surfactant is rinsed off. The basic configuration of the third wastewater treatment unit is the same as that of the third regeneration treatment unit 32, and is equipped with a surfactant adsorption type electrostatic filter so that the surfactant and the water are separated and only the water is discharged. It has become. The surfactant is stored until it reaches a predetermined amount, and the surfactant is separately discarded.

Although the intended purpose is achieved by performing the first to third cleaning steps, the fourth and fifth cleaning steps described below are performed to further enhance the cleaning effect.

By changing the fourth regeneration treatment unit 34 to a fourth wastewater treatment unit (not shown) and supplying new pure water to the fourth tank 33, the cleaning target 17 is cleaned.
It is possible to perform a fourth cleaning step in which pure water is sprayed on the substrate and the remaining surfactant is further rinsed off. The fourth wastewater treatment unit is equipped with a surfactant adsorption type electrostatic filter, which separates the surfactant and water and drains only water. The separated surfactant is stored until it reaches a predetermined amount, and the surfactant is separately discarded.

Further, by changing the fifth regeneration treatment unit 36 to a fifth wastewater treatment unit (not shown) and supplying new pure water to the fifth tank 35, pure water is supplied to the article to be cleaned 17. A fifth cleaning step of spraying and further rinsing off the remaining surfactant can be performed. The fifth wastewater treatment unit is equipped with a surfactant adsorption type electrostatic filter, which separates the surfactant from water and drains only the water. The separated surfactant is stored until it reaches a predetermined amount, and the surfactant is separately discarded.

As described above, the same cleaning effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained by the first to fifth cleaning steps. Since the first to fifth wastewater treatment units have a low required treatment capacity individually due to the stepwise wastewater treatment, the wastewater treatment unit can be downsized. Further, the water drained from these wastewater treatment units is separated from the oil and the surfactant, so that there is no risk of adversely affecting the natural environment.

In the first to fifth regeneration processing units 23, 30, 32, 34, 36 of the first embodiment, water, oil and surfactant are separated and treated according to their respective conditions. However, the wastewater treatment is not limited to this, and even if the wastewater is treated by chemical treatment or the like, the wastewater treatment facility divided in stages as described above can be made smaller than the conventional wastewater treatment facility. It is possible to reduce the cleaning cost and the equipment cost.

[0077]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By spraying water on the object to be cleaned and knocking off the oil in the first cleaning step, a high cleaning effect can be obtained even if the concentration of the surfactant used in the second cleaning step is lowered. Therefore, low-cost cleaning can be realized as compared with the conventional cleaning method. Further, since the concentration of the surfactant used in the second cleaning step is low, the wastewater treatment equipment can be downsized and simplified. As a result, the conventional cleaning requires a plurality of large-sized wastewater treatment tanks, but in comparison with this, extremely low-cost cleaning can be realized. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a cleaning effect equivalent to or better than the case of using a conventional solvent at low cost without using a solvent that destroys the ozone layer.

Further, according to the present invention, the first cleaning means sprays water on the object to be cleaned and knocks off the oil, whereby the second cleaning
The concentration of the surfactant used in the cleaning means can be lowered. In the second cleaning means, the oil remaining on the object to be cleaned is replaced with the surfactant, but the removal of the oil by the first cleaning means facilitates this replacement work, thereby reducing the surfactant concentration and reducing the cleaning time. Can be shortened. Further, by spraying water on the object to be cleaned by the third cleaning means, the surfactant adhering by the second cleaning means is rinsed off, but the concentration of the surfactant which can be replaced with a small amount of oil can be suppressed to a low level.
Rinse work time can be shortened. In this way, the cleaning means is divided stepwise for each cleaning function, and the wastewater treatment means is provided for each cleaning function, whereby the individual burden on the wastewater treatment means can be reduced. By reducing the wastewater treatment capacity required for each of the wastewater treatment means, the cost of the wastewater treatment facility can be reduced and the size can be reduced. Furthermore, the downsized wastewater treatment facility can be built into the cleaning device, and conventionally, a large-scale wastewater treatment facility was required outdoors, but such a restriction on the installation area can be eliminated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a cleaning apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing a layout example of the cleaning apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view showing the shape of an object to be cleaned, which is cleaned by the cleaning device of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a transfer conveyor used in the cleaning apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view schematically showing a drying device of a cleaning device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing a cleaning unit that constitutes a first cleaning chamber of a cleaning apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Description of Reference Signs] 1 cleaning device 8 first cleaning chamber (first cleaning means) 9 second cleaning chamber (second cleaning means) 10 third cleaning chamber (third cleaning means) 23 first regeneration processing unit (first Wastewater treatment means) 30 Second regeneration treatment unit (second wastewater treatment means) 32 Third regeneration treatment unit (third wastewater treatment means)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first cleaning step in which water is sprayed onto an object to be cleaned to which oil has been adhered to remove the oil, and after the first cleaning step, water containing a surfactant is sprayed onto the object to be cleaned. 2. A cleaning method comprising: a second cleaning step of substituting the surfactant with oil in step 2; and a third cleaning step of spraying water on the object to be cleaned to rinse off the surfactant after the second cleaning step. 2. A first cleaning means for spraying water on the object to be cleaned at a predetermined pressure, a first wastewater treatment means for treating the water used by being attached to the first cleaning means, and after the first cleaning. Second cleaning means for spraying water containing a surfactant at a predetermined pressure on the object to be cleaned, and a second cleaning means attached to the second cleaning means.
Second wastewater treatment means for wastewater treatment of the water and oil containing the surfactant used in the washing means, third washing means for spraying water on the article to be washed after the second washing means, and third
A cleaning device provided with a third wastewater treatment means which is attached to the cleaning means and which performs wastewater treatment on the water, oil and surfactant used in the third cleaning means.