JPH049601Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention is a numerically controlled machine tool equipped with a storage device for creating program data for a numerically controlled machine tool by manually inputting data or storing numerical data corresponding to movements during manual operation. Regarding machines.

In recent years, numerical control has become widespread and is now being incorporated into many machine tools, including machining centers. The numerical control device creates program data and operates the machine tool using the tape, or
Alternatively, the main function is to store program data on this tape in a memory inside the numerical control device and perform memory operation by reading data from the memory. In such a numerical control device, a manual data input means such as a keyboard is attached to the operation panel so that manual data input operation can be performed as a supplementary function to the tape operation and memory operation.

By the way, a machine tool equipped with a numerical control device will not operate unless a program is input, and therefore it is entirely up to the program creator to decide what kind of machining and what steps to perform.
The operator who actually carries out the machining simply sets the finished tape in the machine. Creating this program requires a high level of knowledge, and even if you actually create the program, the reality is that you will not be able to achieve satisfactory machining unless you perform test machining and repeatedly modify the program. Although this is not a problem in the case of high-volume processing of a small number of products, it is extremely inconvenient in the case of high-mix, low-volume processing.

This idea was made in view of the above situation, and it has a manual input data storage device that allows the operator who is most knowledgeable about the machining conditions to create a program while looking at the drawings. Its main purpose is to provide numerically controlled machine tools.

In other words, according to the numerically controlled machine tool of this invention, the workpiece is actually placed on the processing table, and the operator manually inputs the data as desired or performs the processing by manual movement. The necessary numerical data at that time is stored sequentially, and a series of machining programs can be obtained after machining is completed. Machining of the next workpiece is automatically performed by memory operation using the obtained program. It is something that will be fulfilled.

Therefore, in the machine tool according to this invention,
The worker sets the materials and presses 1 in manual input mode.
While inputting data for each machining process block and machining, all the numerical data is memorized, or while the worker sets the material and manually operates the machine tool to perform the specified machining. All the numerical data generated in the numerical control device is stored sequentially from time to time, and therefore, when a product is completed, the stored data is transferred to the internal memory of the numerical control device, and the program is stored in the memory. Subsequent processing of the same product will be performed by memory operation using this program.

This invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings of the embodiments as follows.

The drawing shows one embodiment of this invention, where 1 is a machine tool (manufacturing center) and 2 is its numerical control device.
Although a numerical control device 2 is shown externally, this is usually built into the main body of the machine tool 1 in many cases. Reference numeral 3 designates the operation panel of the machine tool 1, which is connected to the numerical control device 2 and includes a cathode ray tube display device 31 for displaying input program data, data during machining, etc., a keyboard 32 for manual data input, and It is equipped with various settings and changeover switches.

A storage device, which is a feature of the present invention and is connected to such a numerically controlled machine tool with a manual data input function, is designated by the reference numeral 4 in the figure.

That is, the storage device 4 includes a control section 41, a writable storage section 42, and an attached mode changeover switch 4.
3, operation indicator lamp 44, address indicator 45,
The operation panel 3 receives manual input numerical data, mode signals, and X, Y, and Z axis signals through the keyboard 32, and also transmits data stored in the storage section 42 to the display 31 and numerical control. It is connected to the internal memory 21 in the device 2, and is also connected to the numerical control device 2 to receive actual machining command numerical data.

The hardware configuration of the storage device 4 is a microcomputer equipped with a writable memory device such as a random access memory (RAM) as a storage section 42, and its main function is to set the numerical control device 2 to manual data input mode and to control the machine. When performing the movement 1, the numerical data is sequentially captured and stored, and when the machine tool is manually operated without numerical control, the processing position X, Y, and Z axes of the machining position that appears on the numerical control device 2. Capturing and storing numerical signals indicating positions, etc., and storing any of the above numerical data stored in the storage unit 42 in the internal memory of the numerical control device 2 via the operation panel 3 in the edit mode of the numerical control device. 21.

During this transfer, the internal memory 2 of the numerical control device
1 is displayed on the display 31 to check the program, and if corrections are necessary, they are made on the numerical control device side in the edit mode. The manual input data program modified in this way and transferred to the internal memory 21 is now sufficient as machining data for the next workpiece in the memory 21.
Automatic processing of the same product is accomplished by operating the numerical control device in memory motion mode.

The details of each of the above functions are as follows.

(a) Memorizing numerical data input during manual data input operation Manual data input operation involves inputting data from the keyboard for one block of movement during memory operation to operate the machine. Therefore, from the keyboard 32, for example, G..., X..., Y..., F..., S
..., M..., etc., and press the start key (STA) to execute these commands via the numerical control device 2. Therefore, this data can be used as is for one machining block. It is sufficient to memorize it as .

In addition, in the illustrated example, the keys O,
N, G, R, X, Y, Z, I, J, K, F, M,
S, T, L, P, Q, D/H, B etc. are address keys, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9, etc. are data keys. Therefore, the input data includes a plurality of combinations of an address and several subsequent data key signals as one block.

By the way, the edit mode is different from the manual data entry mode, and the difference is that the function of the edit mode is to create a program.
Naturally, there are various conventions to keep programs short and to get the most out of the machine. For this reason, the storage device 4 uses a ROM (read only memory) to make maximum use of the conventions in this editing mode.
Build a control sequence using such methods.

For example, program number address 0, sequence number address N, and end of block address (EOB) are keys that are not normally used during manual data input operations. The above address key 0 is for numbering one program.
This 0 number is an extremely important command for calling subprograms. However, since there is no subprogram in manual data entry mode, this command is essentially ignored.

On the other hand, when recording data in the memory section 42, it is necessary to first add a 0 number to control the subprogram, and if this is not done, the same positioning operation will be performed every time the machine tool is replaced. . Furthermore, the sequence number key N is used to add block numbers to data, and has no meaning in the manual data input mode. However, it is necessary later on to know which steps are being performed during program execution.

Therefore, in the storage device 4, as a function of the control section 41, the sequence number is automatically incremented by one for each block and stored. Furthermore, the block end key (EOB) is used in edit mode to finish editing one block and move on to the next block, but it can be completely ignored during manual data input operations, so it is not used in manual data input mode. The control unit 41 is configured to automatically write an address (EOB) to the storage unit 42 when the key (STA) is pressed.

The above are countermeasures for address keys that are not originally used during exercise during manual data input operations, but among these, the 0 command needs to be stored only if it is not used when storing data in the storage device 4. There is. How to use this zero command is, for example, if the data input is PαM98CR (STA) in a certain block.
Since this is calling the program number α of the subprogram, the control block 41 automatically reads the program α at this time, and in this case, program α has already been programmed with program data. Therefore, it is necessary to have a function to automatically transfer the data to the internal memory 21 of the numerical control device 2. However, since this program α cannot exist from the beginning, if the data is not found even after performing a program number search, the display 31 is made to display that the data does not exist. Note that the numerical control device ignores such commands without data, so no special measures are required.

In the above, when performing a manual data entry operation, if you input incorrect data and execute it, or if you have to press the reset button (RE) to cancel the block to prevent danger, etc. The data stored in the storage unit 42 must be corrected. In this case, it is possible to restart the process from the beginning according to the processing order, but it is better to call up the sequence number two or three blocks before the stopped sequence number and restart from there. Therefore, for this purpose, the sequence number is displayed on the display 45, and the mode changeover switch 43 is set to the "READ" position so that the sequence can be called. Furthermore, in this case, the machine is run in memory for several blocks, and corrections are made in the problem block.

In other words, if a problem occurs, the operator first checks the sequence number of the block on the display, and then checks what kind of data was stored in the previous block at the ``READ'' position. . Then, set the machine 1 to the state before the block to be executed, execute several blocks as a single block, and when the block in question is reached, return the mode changeover switch 43 to the "WRITE" mode and enter manual data. Just restart the operation.

(b) Storage of numerical signals during manual operation Different from the above (a), this is storage of numerical data when the machine tool 1 is operated manually to process a workpiece. In this case, since the position data for each axis X, Y, and Z of the machine 1 is generated as numerical data from the numerical control device 2, this numerical signal is taken in and stored in the storage section 42. In this case, the operation panel 3
Switch the machine operation mode to manual operation with
Select either Y or Z axis and manually move the selected axis. After this, input key (IN)
By pressing , the current position data is taken in by the function of the control section 41 and stored in the storage section 42 . The condition for creating a program in this case is the logical product of the fact that the machine is in manual mode and that the input key has been pressed.

(c) Transfer of stored data The data stored in the storage unit 42 in the above (a) or (b) is an independent program once the machining of the workpiece is completed. If the same processing is required, this stored data is stored in the internal memory 21 of the numerical control device 2.
There are two ways to do this.

First, in the manual data input mode, the storage device 4 is set to the "READ" position by its mode changeover switch 43, and then the start key (STA) is pressed. As a result, the storage device 4 transfers one block worth of data in the storage section 42 to the operation panel 3.
The data is transferred to the internal memory 21 of the numerical control device 2 via the internal memory, and at the same time an automatic start is applied to execute the block. If you press the start key (STA) again at the end of that block, the data of the next block will be transferred and executed.In other words, it is a function similar to single block operation, and is suitable for a small number of identical processes. .

The other method is to transfer all the data in the storage unit 42 once to the internal memory 21 of the numerical control device and then execute the process, which is suitable when the same processing is repeated more than a certain number of times. In this case, the numerical control device is put into editing mode on the operation panel 3, and the storage device 4
Then, the "MOVE" position is selected with the switch 43, and the data is transferred by pressing the start key (STA). During this transfer, the transferred data is sequentially displayed on the display 31, and therefore the program contents are It is possible to check the contents of the program, and at this time, it is also possible to modify, add, or delete the contents of the program. Once the data has been transferred to the internal memory 21, the role of the storage device 4 is finished. In the numerical control device, by setting the mode to memory operation on the operation panel and pressing the start key (STA), the machine will perform the same processing in memory operation. In this case, the data stored in the storage unit 42 may be backed up as appropriate. In addition, the “HOLD” position of the mode changeover switch 43 in the figure indicates that the storage device 4
is a position in which all functions are stopped, and each display 44, 45, 4 is operated only in other than this position.
6 is lit.

As mentioned above, according to this invention, the manual data input function, which conventionally only served as an auxiliary role for tape operation or memory operation, is transformed into an independent and useful function by storing the input data. Since the machining data is memorized while the machine tool is actually operating, the corresponding program is completed as soon as a single product is completed to the satisfaction of the customer, and the worker can think for himself and create the program himself. Therefore, it helps to deepen understanding of numerically controlled machines, and unlike the interactive method, it does not limit the data that can be input, so it can be combined with any type of numerically controlled machine tool, making it possible to perform a variety of movements. It is easy to create programs, and by using a microcomputer as the control block that performs data arithmetic processing, it is possible to create complex movements that were previously unknown by changing the selection of the microprogram. It can be effective.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is an explanatory diagram showing the system configuration of a numerically controlled machine tool according to an embodiment of the invention. 1... Machine tool, 11... Machining head, 2...
Numerical control device, 21...Internal memory, 3...Operation panel, 31...CRT display, 32...Keyboard, 4...Storage device, 41...Control unit, 42...
...Memory Department.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] In a numerically controlled machine tool that can manually input numerical data from a manual data input operation panel to a numerical controller and process a workpiece according to the input data, the numerical controller and the manual A memory section is connected to the data input operation panel and processes the workpiece in accordance with the numerical data input, and at the same time stores the input data sequentially for each machining process block; 1. A numerically controlled machine tool comprising: a control unit that controls the storage of data stored in the storage unit and the transfer of data stored in the storage unit to a memory within a numerical control device.