JPH0464739B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0464739B2 JPH0464739B2 JP59081012A JP8101284A JPH0464739B2 JP H0464739 B2 JPH0464739 B2 JP H0464739B2 JP 59081012 A JP59081012 A JP 59081012A JP 8101284 A JP8101284 A JP 8101284A JP H0464739 B2 JPH0464739 B2 JP H0464739B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- zeolite
- toluene
- present
- styrene
- composition according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 180
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 100
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003613 toluenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 144
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 98
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 41
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 25
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- -1 In the second step Chemical compound 0.000 description 16
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Cs+] HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Para-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZRIUSVITVGWLSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ZRIUSVITVGWLSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JRLPEMVDPFPYPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 JRLPEMVDPFPYPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical class OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1C FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWHJZXXIDMPWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=C1 GWHJZXXIDMPWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- YZYDPPZYDIRSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-K boron phosphate Chemical compound [B+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O YZYDPPZYDIRSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910000149 boron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl borate Chemical compound COB(OC)OC WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- XPNGNIFUDRPBFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylphenyl)methanol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1CO XPNGNIFUDRPBFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFIMMTCNYPIMRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1 BFIMMTCNYPIMRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQERLIOIVXPZKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trioxane Chemical compound C1COOCO1 FQERLIOIVXPZKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanol Chemical compound NCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1F MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100010166 Mus musculus Dok3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 Chemical compound [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005899 aromatization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- FFBGYFUYJVKRNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boranylidynephosphane Chemical compound P#B FFBGYFUYJVKRNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001417 caesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NCMHKCKGHRPLCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium(1+) Chemical compound [Cs+] NCMHKCKGHRPLCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940006165 cesium cation Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YUWFEBAXEOLKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C YUWFEBAXEOLKSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940078552 o-xylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045681 other alkylating agent in atc Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005691 oxidative coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BEZDDPMMPIDMGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C BEZDDPMMPIDMGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGQXXHMEBUOXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl borate Chemical compound CCCCOB(OCCCC)OCCCC LGQXXHMEBUOXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOOITXALNJLNMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexyl borate Chemical compound C1CCCCC1OB(OC1CCCCC1)OC1CCCCC1 BOOITXALNJLNMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005671 trienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/86—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon
- C07C2/862—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms
- C07C2/864—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms the non-hydrocarbon is an alcohol
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- C07C2529/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Description
æ¬çºæã¯è§Šåªçµæç©ããã³ããªãšã³ãšã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«ã®åå¿ã«ããã¹ãã¬ã³åœ¢ææ³ã«é¢ããã ã¹ãã¬ã³ã¯çŸåšïŒå·¥çšæ³ã§ãã³ãŒã³ããåæ¥äž
補é ãããŠããã第ïŒå·¥çšã§ã¯ããã³ãŒã³ããšã
ã¬ã³ã§ã¢ã«ãã«åããŠãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã圢æãã
第ïŒå·¥çšã§ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãè±æ°ŽçŽ ããŠã¹ãã¬ã³
ã圢æããã ããšãã°ãåžåé¡éå±ïŒã»ãªãŠã ãå«ãïŒã§å€
æ§ããâãŸãã¯ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ååšã§ããª
ã¬ãã€ã³ãããã²ã³åã¢ã«ãã«ãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«ã
ãè³éŠæååç©ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åã¯ãç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬
3251897å·ã«åºãæããã«ãããŠãããäžèšã¢ã«
ãã«åã¯ã¹ãã¬ã³ã«å¯ŸããŠéç¹ç°çã§ãããæã
ãã«ãããŠããäž»ãªåå¿ã¯ãã³ãŒã³ãšãšãã¬ã³ã
ãã®ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®åœ¢æã§ãããããã§ããã®
ãããªãŒãªã©ã€ãæ¥è§Šåå¿ãéåžžã®ã¹ãã¬ã³åæ
ã®ç¬¬ïŒå·¥çšã§ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³åœ¢æã«äœ¿çšã§ããã ã¹ãã¬ã³åœ¢æã®ããã®æ¢ç¥ã®å¥ã®çµè·¯ã¯äžã€
ã¯ããã«ãšã³ã®é žåã«ãããªã³ã°ã«ããïŒïŒïŒâ
ãžããšãã«ãšãã¬ã³ïŒã¹ãã«ãã³ïŒã圢æããã€
ãã§è§Šåªã®ååšã§ãšãã¬ã³ãšã¹ãã«ãã³ã®äžåå
ã§ã¹ãã¬ã³ã圢æããããšãå«ãããã«ãšã³âã¹
ãã«ãã³çµè·¯ã®å šå·¥çšäœç³»ã®çµæžçæ矩ã¯ããšã
ã¬ã³0.5ã¢ã«ãšãã«ãšã³ïŒã¢ã«ããã¹ãã¬ã³ã補
é ã§ããäºå®ã«ãããããã¯ãšãã¬ã³ïŒã¢ã«ãšã
ã³ãŒã³ïŒã¢ã«ããã¹ãã¬ã³ã補é ããéåžžã®ãšã
ã«ãã³ãŒã³çµè·¯ãšæ¯ã¹ãããã ãã³ãŒã³ããã³ãšãã¬ã³ã®äŸ¡æ Œã®äžæãšãã³ãŒ
ã³ã®ç°å¢åé¡ã«ç §ãããŠããã«ãšã³æ³ã¯ã¹ãã¬ã³
補é ã®ããã®çŸåã®ãã³ãŒã³æ³ãããäžå±€é åç
çµè·¯ãšãªããã ãã«ãšã³ããã¹ãã«ãã³ãžã®çµè·¯ã§äœ¿ã代衚ç
ãªè§Šåªã¯ãç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3694518å·ã第3739038å·ã
第3868427å·ã第3965206å·ã第3980580å·ã第
4091044å·ã第4183828å·ã第4243825å·ã第
4247727å·ã第4254293å·ã第4255602å·ã第
4255603å·ã第4255604å·ã第4268703å·ã第
4268704å·ã第4278824å·ã第4278825å·ã第
4278826å·ã«æããã«ãããŠãããããªéå±é žå
ç©ã§ãããäžèšç¹èš±ã¯ãã¹ãŠã¢ã³ãµã³ã瀟ã«è²æž¡
ãããã å ±éã«è²æž¡ãããH.ãã³ããã³I.ãã¢ã³ã«ãã
ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4429174å·ã§ã¯ããã«ãšã³ããã¹ãã«
ãã³ãžã®çµè·¯ã«å¯ŸãLiããRbããŸãã¯ã»ã·ãŠ
ã éœã€ãªã³ã§å€æ§ããŸãããPbãCuãZnã
NlãCoãFlãããªã矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšã
ïŒçš®ã®å©è§Šåªã§å€æ§ããããŒãžã€ãµã€ããŒãªã©ã€
ãã䜿çšããã ãã«ãšã³ããã¹ãã¬ã³ãžã®å¥ã®ç°ãªãçµè·¯ã¯ã
ã€ã·ããããžã€ãŒãã«ã»ãªãã»ãã€ã¿ãªã·ã¹ã26
å·»ã303ã312é ïŒ1972幎ïŒã«èšèŒã®ããã«ãâ
ãŸãã¯ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ããšæ¥è§Šãããããšã«ãã
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ãŸãã¯ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããã«ãããã«ãš
ã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åãå«ããããã«è©³ããã¯ãã
ã«ãšã³ã®ã¡ãã«åºã®ã¢ã«ãã«åã«ããã¹ãã¬ã³ã
ãã³ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®åœ¢æã¯NaããRbããŸã
ã¯Cs亀æã®ïŒžâãŸãã¯ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã«ãã
è¡ãªããããäžæ¹åäžåã®Li亀æã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯
äž»ãšããŠãã«ãšã³ã®ãã³ãŒã³ç°ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åãè¡
ãªããã·ã¬ã³ã圢æããããšãæããã«ãããŠã
ããã€ã·ããã¯ãã®çµæãããã·ã¬ã³åœ¢æã¯è§Šåª
ã®é žæ§åºŠã«åž°ããããäžæ¹ã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãšãã«
ãã³ãŒã³åœ¢æã¯è§Šåªã®å¡©åºæ§åºŠã«åž°ããããããš
ãæ瀺ããŠãããšããŠèª¬æããŠããã ã·ãã¬ã³ã³ãã¯è«æãã¢ã«ã«ãªã€ãªã³ã§äº€æã
ãåæãŒãªã©ã€ãäžã§ã®ãã«ãšã³ãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®
çž®åããDokl.Akad.Nauk SSSRã173å·»ãïŒå·ã
132ã134é ïŒ1967幎ïŒã«ãããŠãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±äº€
æã®ïŒžâããã³ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã䜿ãã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«ã«ãããã«ãšã³ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åæ©æ§ãææ¡ããŠã
ããã¡ã¿ããŒã«ããã«ã ã¢ã«ãããã«è»¢æããã€
ãã§ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããããã«ãšã³ãšåå¿ããŠã¹ã
ã¬ã³ãšãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãçæãããšããŠããã ããããã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±äº€æã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯çš®ã
ã®åå¿ã«è§ŠåªäœçšãåãŒãããšãã§ããããã§
çš®ã ã®å¯çç©ãçæãããããã€ã·ãããŸãã¯ãž
ãã¬ã³ã³ãã«åŸãåœè©²æ¹æ³ãå®æœãããšãã¯ãã¹
ãã¬ã³ãžã®ãã«ãšã³ã®éžæçã¯èããäœãã ããã«ããã«ãšã³ïŒã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã¢ã«ãã«ååå¿
ã®åæ¥çé åã¯ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãžã®ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®
è±æ°ŽçŽ è²»çšãæžããããããšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã«å¯Ÿã
ååã«é«ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãžã®éžæçãéæããããšã
æ¡ä»¶ãšããã ãã«ãšã³ïŒã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã¢ã«ãã«ååå¿ã®ã¹ãã¬
ã³ãžã®éžæçãæ¹è¯ããåªåã«ãããŠãã¢ã³ã©ã³
ããã®ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4140726å·ã¯ãã«ãªãŠã ãã«ã
ãžãŠã ãã»ã·ãŠã ã®ïŒçš®ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã§éœã€ãª
ã³äº€æãå€æ§ããããŠçŽ ãŸãã¯ãªã³ãå«æµžããã
âãŸãã¯ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã®äœ¿çšãèšèŒããŠã
ãããã€ãŒãäžã®ãã«ãšã³å¯Ÿã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ã¢ã«æ¯
ã¯0.5察ïŒãã20察ïŒãšå€åãããšããŠæããã«
ãããŠãããïŒïŒæ¬ã20è¡ä»¥äžïŒãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã
å解ããå¯åå¿ãæå°ã«ããããã«ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«
æ¯èŒããã€ãŒãäžã§éå°ã®ãã«ãšã³ã䜿ãããšã
æãŸããããšãæããã«ããŠãããäºå®å®æœäŸã§
å ±åããããŒã¿ã¯å°ãªããšãïŒå¯ŸïŒã®ãã«ãšã³å¯Ÿ
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æ¯ã䜿ã€ãŠããã転åçããã³éžæç
ã¯ãã€ãŒãäžã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«åºæºã§å ±åãããŠã
ããæ¬ ç¹ã¯ãã€ãŒãäžã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æ¿åºŠããã«ãš
ã³æ¿åºŠã®ããªãäžã«ç¶æããããšã«é¢é£ãããã
ãªãã¡ãã«ãšã³å¯Ÿã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ïŒå¯ŸïŒã«ã
ãããã¹åœãã®æå¹ãã«ãšã³è»¢åçã¯å¿ ãååŠé
è«ççç±ã§ã¡ã¿ããŒã«è»¢åçã®20ïŒ ä»¥äžã§ã¯ãª
ãããã®ç¹èš±ã«ãããŠã¯6.7ïŒ ãšèšç®ã§ããïŒå®
æœäŸïŒãïŒæ¬ãïŒè¡ïŒããã«ãšã³ã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã
ãé«äŸ¡ã§ãããçæ³çã«ã¯ãã«ãšã³è»¢åçãæ倧
ã«ãããã«ãšã³ã®å埪ç°ãé¿ããŸãã¯æå°ã«ãã
ããšãæãŸãããããããããè¡ãªãããã«ã¯ã
ãã€ãŒãäžã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æ¿åºŠãå¢ãå¿ èŠãããã
ãã«ãšã³ã«æ¯ã¹ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®å埪ç°ã¯ã¯ããã«ç°¡
åãªæäœã§ãããã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®äŸ¡æ Œã®ãããã®ã
ããªå埪ç°ãå šãã¯ã¶ãããšããã§ããããã
ããã¢ã³ã©ã³ããã®è§Šåªã䜿çšãããšãããã€ãŒ
ãäžã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æ¿åºŠãå¢ãããšã«ãããã«ãšã³
転åçãæ¹è¯ããããšè©Šã¿ãå Žåãã¹ãã¬ã³éžæ
çæ¯ãããªãã¡ã¢ã«ïŒ åºæºã§ã®ã¹ãã¬ã³å¯Ÿã¹ãã¬
ã³ïŒãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®æ¯ã¯æ¯èŒå®æœäŸã§åŸã§èšèŒ
ã®ããã«æžå°ãããããã§ãã¢ã³ã©ã³ããã®è§Šåª
ã䜿ããšããã¡ã¿ããŒã«æ¿åºŠã®å¢å ã«ããèªèµ·ã
ãããã«ãšã³è»¢åçã®å¢å ã«å¯Ÿããã¹ãã¬ã³éžæ
çã®å®è³ªäžã®æžå°ãåãå ¥ããããåŸãªãã ã€ããŠãã¯ãžã€ãŒãã«ã»ãªãã»ãã€ã¿ãªã·ã¹ã
72å·»ã170é ïŒ1981幎ïŒã«ãããŠãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«
ããïœâãã·ã¬ã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åã«ããïœâã¡
ãã«ã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ïœâãšãã«ãã«ãšã³ã®è£œé ã«
察ããRbLiâãRbâãRbKâã®ãããª
RbããLiéœã€ãªã³äº€æã®ïŒžâåãŒãªã©ã€ãã®
䜿çšãå ±åããŠãããïœâã¡ãã«ã¹ãã¬ã³5.3ã¢
ã«ïŒ ãïœâãšãã«ãã«ãšã³2.7ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®åçã§ã
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®è»¢åçæé«68ã¢ã«ïŒ ãæããã«ããŠ
ãããããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïœå«æµžã®ãŒãªã©ã€ããš
çµåããCsããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒLi亀æã®äœ¿çšã¯æ
ããã«ãããŠããããããããåŸãããå¹æãæ
ããã«ãããŠããªãã 1982幎ïŒæ26æ¥ã«å ¬è¡šãããç¹éæ57â68144
å·å ¬å ±ã¯ãååšãããããªãŠã éœã€ãªã³ã®å°ãªã
ãšã20ïŒ ãã»ã·ãŠã ãã«ãªãŠã ããŸãã¯ã«ããžãŠ
ã ã§äº€æãããŸãããŠé žãŸãã¯ãªã³é žã®ïŒçš®ãŸã
ã¯ãã以äžã®ïŒäŸ¡ãŸãã¯ïŒäŸ¡ã®éå±å¡©ãå«æµžãã
ããã«åŠçããããŒãžã€ãµã€ãã®çµã®ãŒãªã©ã€ã
ãããªãã¹ãã¬ã³åæçšè§Šåªã«é¢ãããã®ã§ãäž
èšå¡©ã®éå±ã¯ãã°ãã·ãŠã ãã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãã¢ã«ã
ããŠã ããã³ã¬ã³ãéãã³ãã«ããããã±ã«ã
é ãäºéããéžã°ãããšããŠæããã«ããŠããã ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«ãããã«ãšã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åå
å¿ã®è»¢åçããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒã¹ãã¬ã³éžæçãæ¹
è¯ã§ãã觊åªçµæç©ã«é¢ããæ¢ç©¶ãç¶ããããã
æ¬çºæã¯ãã®æ¢ç©¶ã«å¿ããŠéçºãããã æ¬çºæã®äžé¢ã¯ãSiO2察Al2O3ã¢ã«æ¯ãçŽïŒã
çŽïŒã§ããããŸããªãã«(1)CsããRbãããªã
矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±
ãšã(2)LiãCeãCrãAgãããªãïŒéå±çŸ€ããéž
ã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®éå±ãšã(3)ããŠçŽ ããã³
ãªã³ãããªã矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãäžå¡ãšã
ååšãããããŒãžãµã€ã€ãæ§é ã®çµæ¶æ§ã¢ã«ãã
ã±ã€é žå¡©ãŒãªã©ã€ããããªãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«ããã
ã«ãšã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åãæ¥è§Šã§ãã觊åªçµæç©
ãæäŸããã æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®é¢ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åå€ãšæ¬¡ã®æ§é åŒ ïŒãã ãïœã¯ïŒãïŒãšå€åã§ããæ°ã§ããïŒã«ã
ãè¡šããããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ååç©ãšãåå¿ã
ããããšãããªãã¢ã«ãã«åå€ãããšãã°ã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«ã«ãããã«ãšã³ãŸãã¯ãã«ãšã³èªå°äœã®ã¢ã«
ãã«åæ³ãæäŸãããäžèšãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªçµæç©
ã®ååšã§ã次ã®æ§é åŒ ããã³ ïŒãã ãïœã¯æ§é åŒïŒïŒã§ïœã«å¯Ÿã䜿ã€ãå€ã«
çžåœããæ°ã§ããïŒã«ãã€ãŠè¡šããããå°ãªããš
ãïŒçš®ã®ååç©ãããªãçæç©ã圢æããã®ã«å
åãªæ¡ä»¶ããã³æ¹åŒã§åå¿ãè¡ãªãã奜ãŸããã¯
çæç©ã¯æ§é åŒïŒïŒã«ããè¡šããããååç©ã
ããªãã ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«ãããã«ãšã³ã®ã¡ãã«åã¯è¥å¹²ã®
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«å解çæç©ãçæããããšãã§ãããŸ
ãããçš®ã®éåžžã®è§Šåªäžã§ã¯çš®ã ã®ãã·ã¬ã³ãŸã
ã¯ä»ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åè³éŠæãããã³è¥å¹²ã®éåäœã
è³éŠæåç©è³ªããã³ã³ãŒã¯ã¹ç©è³ªããæ¬æ³ãæ±ã
ãããŠããã¹ãã¬ã³ãšãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãšå ±ã«çæ
ã§ãããæ¬çºæã¯ã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³
ïŒãŸãã¯ãã€ãŒãã«ãã«ãšã³èªå°äœã䜿ããšãã¯
ãã®èªå°äœïŒã®è£œé æ³ç¹ã«ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®è£œé æ³ã«å
ããæ段ãæäŸãããæ¬çºæã®è§Šåªã®äœ¿çšã¯ãã
ãã§è°è«ããäžã€ã®å¿ èŠæåã®äžã€ãŸãã¯ãã以
äžã®æ¬ ãã觊åªã®äœ¿çšã«æ¯ã¹ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãžã®éžæ
çããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒåçãå¢ããããªãã¡ã¹ãã¬
ã³å¯Ÿã¹ãã¬ã³ïŒãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®æ¯ãçæç©ã«ã
ããŠå¢å ãããã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®
äž¡è ã¯æçšãªçæç©ã§ãããæ¬çºæã«ãããŠæ±ã
ãããŠããããããããšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®éåžžã®äœ¿
çšã¯è±æ°ŽçŽ ã«ããã¹ãã¬ã³ã®è£œé ã§ãããããã§
ã¹ãã¬ã³ãäžå±€äŸ¡å€ããçæç©ã§ãããåŸã€ãŠã
ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®æ¶è²»ã§æ¬æ³ãã¹ãã¬ã³ã«å¯Ÿãå
ããããšã®ã§ããããšã¯æ¬çºæã®å©ç¹ã§ãããã
ã®å©ç¹ã¯äžéšåã¯ã¹ãã¬ã³éžæçãå¢å ããã®
ã§ããšãã¬ã³ã®é«æž©è±æ°ŽçŽ ã®è²»çšããã¹ãã¬ã³ã
ããšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãåé¢ããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªå¡ã®å¯žæ³
ããã³è²»çšãšå ±ã«æžå°ããäºå®ããçããããã
ã«ãéåžžã®è§Šåªã§ãã®åã®åå¿ã«ãµã€ã䜿ãäœã¡
ã¿ããŒã«æ¿åºŠã«æ¯èŒãããã€ãŒãäžäžå±€é«ãã¡ã¿
ããŒã«æ¿åºŠã§åŸã€ãŠäžå±€é«ããã«ãšã³è»¢åçã§ã
ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®éžæçããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒåçã®å¢å ã
åŸãããããã®å©ç¹ã¯ããã«äžèšã®ããã«ãã€ãŒ
ãæåã®å埪ç°è²»çšãæžå°ããããšã«ãããè²»çš
ã®ç¯çŽãå¢ãã æ¬æ³ã«åŸãã°ãã¹ãã¬ã³åœ¢æã®ããéžãã ç©è³ª
ã§å€æ§ãããŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªãããªã觊åªçµæç©ã®
ååšã§ããã«ãšã³ãŸãã¯ãã«ãšã³èªå°äœãã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«ãšæ¥è§Šãããã ããã«è©³ããã¯ããã«ãšã³ãã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãš
ãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã«ã¢ã«ãã«åããããã®çµæ¶æ§ã®ãŒ
ãªã©ã€ãã¯æ¢ç¥ã§ãããäžèšãŒãªã©ã€ããããã§
æ瀺ããããã«å€æ§ããŠäžèšåå¿ã«å¯Ÿãæ¹è¯ãã
ã觊åªãæäŸã§ããããšãèŠåºããããããšã
ã°ãç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3251897å·ããã³ç¬¬4140726å·ã«èš
èŒã®ïŒžâãŸãã¯ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ããããã³ã€ã·ã
ãã®ãžã€ãŒãã«ã»ãªãã»ãã€ã¿ãªã·ã¹ã26å·»ã
303ã312é ïŒ1972幎ïŒã«èšèŒã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãããã
ãã§èšèŒã®ããã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã äžè¬ã«ãæ¬çºæã«åŸãå€æ§ã§ããé©åœãªãŒãªã©
ã€ãã¯å¥œãŸããã¯çŽïŒãçŽïŒã®ç¯å²ã®SiO2察
Al2O3ã¢ã«æ¯ãæããããŒãžã€ãµã€ãæ§é ã®ãã®
ã§ãããæ§é çåé¡ã«é¢ããŠã¯ãäºéã®ïŒç°ãæ
ããããŸãã¯ããŒãžã€ãµã€ãæ§é ã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã
äžè¬ã«ããã§äœ¿çšããã®ã«é©ããŠããããã®ãã
ãªãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯ç¹åŸŽçã«ã¯å°ãªããšãïŒâ«ã®ã奜
ãŸããã¯å°ãªããšãïŒâ«ïŒããšãã°ïŒã15â«ïŒã®
现åçŽåŸãæãããã«ãšã³ããã³ãã®èªå°äœãå
容ããã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãæŸåºãã
ã®ã«é©ããŠãããâããã³ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã
ããã§å€æ§ã䜿ãã®ã«èããé©ããŠããããšãã
ãããâåãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«é žåç©ã®ã¢ã«æ¯
ã§è¡šããããšãã§ããã 1.0±0.2Z2/oïŒAl2O3ïŒ2.5±0.5SiO2ïŒYH2O ãã ãã¯ïŒä»¥äžã®åå䟡ãæããéœã€ãªã³ã§
ãããïœã¯ïŒºã®åå䟡ãè¡šãããã¯ïŒºã®çš®é¡ã
ãã³çµæ¶ã®æ°Žå床ã«äŸåãïŒãŸã§ã®å€ã§ãããã
ããªãŠã åã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«é žåç©ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ã§è¡šãã
ããšãã§ããã Na2OïŒAl2O3ïŒ2.5SiO2ïŒ6H2O ãããSiO2察Al2O3ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ã¯å žåçã«ã¯çŽïŒ
察ïŒãçŽïŒå¯ŸïŒãšå€åã§ããããŒãªã©ã€ãâã¯
ãããªãŠã ããã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã 圢ã®äž¡è ã§åæ¥äžå ¥
æã§ããæ¬çºæã®ç®çã«ã¯åè ã奜ãŸããã ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯äžå±€ã·ãªã«ãå«ã¿äžå±€å°ãªãã¢
ã«ãããå«ãç¹ã§ãŒãªã©ã€ããšç°ãªããåŸã€
ãŠããã®äžå±€é«ãã·ãªã«å«éã®ããããã®ãŒãªã©
ã€ãã¯ãŒãªã©ã€ããããæ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã«å¯Ÿãäžå±€
倧ããå®å®æ§ããã€ã ããã§äœ¿ãã®ã奜ãŸãããŒãªã©ã€ãã®ãããª
ãŠã 圢ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãããªé žåç©ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ã§è¡šããã
ãã 0.9±0.2Na2OïŒAl2O3ïŒWSiO2ïŒXH2O ãã ãã¯å žåçã«ã¯çŽïŒãçŽïŒã®ã奜ãŸãã
ã¯ïŒãçŽïŒã®å€ãæããæ°ã§ãããã¯çŽïŒãŸã§
ã®å€ããã€æ°ã§ããã äžå±€å€§ããååã«å¯ŸãããŒãªã©ã€ãã®éžæç
ã¯ããã®çŽ°å寞æ³ã10ã13â«åäœãšåºãã€ãŠãã
ãããŒãªã©ã€ããšã»ãŒåäžã§ãããåãŒãªã©
ã€ãããã³å€©ç¶ããŒãžã€ãµã€ãç©è³ªã¯ãããã§äœ¿
ãã®ã«é©åœãªçŽ°å寞æ³ãšæ§é ããã€ä»ã®ãŒãªã©ã€
ãã®äŸã§ãããäžè¬ã«ã倩ç¶ç©è³ªããåŸããããŸ
ãåæãããé©åœãªæ§è³ªããã€ãŒãªã©ã€ããå©çš
ã§ãããŸãåæ¥æºããåŸãããšãã§ããŸãã¯é©åœ
ãªå®éšå®€çµæ¶æäœã«ãã補é ã§ããã äžèšã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã(1)ããšãã°ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«å
åŠåžçããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒã€ãªã³çµåãããCsã
ãRbãããªã矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®
ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã奜ãŸããã¯äžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã®
éœã€ãªã³ïŒå¥œãŸããã¯å°ãªããšãCsïŒããšãã°ã»
ã·ãŠã éœã€ãªã³ïŒãããã³Rbãšå ±ã«ãŸãã¯ãª
ãã§ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœããïŒãšã(2)LiãCeãCrã
Agãããªã矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®é
å±(M)ã奜ãŸããã¯äžèšéå±(M)ã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®
éœã€ãªã³ïŒäžèšéå±ïŒãè°è«ã容æã«ãããããŸ
ãšããŠãŸãã¯åã ã«ïŒéå±çŸ€ãšããã§åŒã¶ïŒãšã
(3)ããŠçŽ ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãªã³ã奜ãŸããã¯ããŠ
çŽ ãšãªã³ãååšãããããã«å€æ§ãããããšãã°
ãçŒã«ããåœè©²ãŒãªã©ã€ããè±æ°Žãããšãçµæ¶æ§
ã¢ã«ããã±ã€é žå¡©ã®éãã现åãéè·¯ãŸãã¯ç©ºå
ã®ç¹åŸŽçç³»ãçããã CsããRbãããã³ïŒéå±çŸ€ã¯éœã€ãªã³ãšã
ãŠååšã§ããããããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ãµã€ãååšã
ããããªãŠã ãæ°ŽçŽ ããŸãã¯ä»ã®éœã€ãªã³ãéšå
亀æããããã液åªäœã䜿ãéåžžã®ã€ãªã³äº€ææ
äœã«ãã€ãŠãäžèšéå±ããŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœããã®
ãæã䟿å©ã§ããããŒãªã©ã€ãã®æçµçµæ¶æ§é ã«
圱é¿ãäžããããšãªãéœã€ãªã³ãã€ãªã³åããã©
ã®åªäœã亀æã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã亀æ溶液
ãçŽ80ãçŽ100âã«å ç±ããã®ããã€ãªã³äº€æé
床ãä¿é²ããã®ã«å¥œãŸãããå žåçã«ã¯ãã¢ã«ã«
ãªéå±ããšãã°Csããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒéå±çŸ€ã®
æ°Žããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒææ©æº¶æ¶²ã奜ãŸããã¯æ°Žæº¶æ¶²
ããã®ç®çã«äœ¿ãããé©åœãªéœã€ãªã³ãååšãã
ãŠçŽæ¥è£œé ãããŒãªã©ã€ãã䜿çšã§ãããã€ãªã³
亀æã®ããæ°ŽãŸãã¯ææ©åªäœäžã«å¯æº¶åã§ããé
å±ååç©ã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªããã³ïŒéå±çŸ€ã®ããã²ã³å
ç©ãæ°Žé žåç©ãç¡é žå¡©ãé ¢é žå¡©ãããã³ãã®æ··å
ç©ãå«ãã æ°Žã®ã»ãã«ãäžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ããšãã°Csã
ãã³ïŒéå±çŸ€ã®å«æµžã奜ãŸããã¯ã€ãªã³äº€æãèš±
ãææ©åªäœã奜ãŸããã¯æ®çºæ§ææ©åªäœã䜿çšã§
ããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãã±ãã³ããšãŒãã«ãã¢ãããã
ãã³ä»ã®æ¥µæ§ææ©æº¶å€ãããã³ãã®æ··åç©ã®ãã
ãªææ©æº¶å€ãå«ãã ãã®ãããªææ©æº¶å€ã®ä»£è¡šäŸã¯ã¢ã»ãã³ãã¡ã¿
ããŒã«ããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãã€ãœãããããŒ
ã«ãã€ãœãã¿ããŒã«ããžãšãã«ãšãŒãã«ããã³ãŒ
ã³ããã«ãšã³ããžã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ããªãããã©ã
ãããã©ã³ãã¡ãã«ãšãã«ã±ãã³ãã¡ãã«ããã«
ã±ãã³ãããã³ãã®æ··åç©ãå«ãã ããŠçŽ ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãªã³æåã®åäœã¯ãã
ããšãŒãªã©ã€ããæ¥è§ŠãããŠä¿æãçããæ¹æ³ã«
ãã€ãŠãããšãã°ãããå«æµžå€ã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãäžãž
ã®ååŠåžçãã€ãªã³çµåãç©çåžçãªã©ã«ãã€ãŠ
è¡ãªãããã®ç®çã«çš®ã ã®ååç©ãšæäœãé©ããŠ
ãããããã§ãããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïœæåããã€
ãªã³äº€æ溶液äžã«å«ããããšã«ããããŸãã¯äžèš
æåã®æº¶æ¶²ããŒãªã©ã€ãç²åã®ã¹ã©ãªãŒåªäœãšã
ãŠãŸãã¯ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«åžåãããå«æµžåªäœãšããŠ
å©çšããããšã«ããã䟿å©ã«ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœã§
ãããããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°ãåäœããåªäœã¯å¿
ããããããã®å«æµžå€ãå®å šã«æº¶è§£ããå¿ èŠã¯ãª
ããäºå®ãã°ãã°æžæ¿åºäœãå«ãããšãã§ããã
ããšãã°ã¢ã«ã«ãªããã³ïŒéå±çŸ€åäœã«é©ããäž
èšæº¶æ¶²äžã®ïŒ¢ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°æåã®æº¶æ¶²ãŸã
ã¯ã¹ã©ãªãŒã䜿çšããããšãã§ããã å«æµžã«äœ¿ãããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°æåã®ä»£è¡šæº
ã¯åããŠé žã«ãªãŠã ïŒæ°Žå圢ãŸãã¯ç¡æ°Žç©åœ¢ã®
K2B4O7ïŒãåããŠé žãããªãŠã ïŒæ°Žå圢ãŸãã¯ç¡
æ°Žç©åœ¢ã®Na2B4O7ïŒãé žåããŠçŽ ïŒB2O3ïŒãããŠ
é žïŒH3BO3ïŒãããŠé žãšã¹ãã«ããšãã°ããŠé žã
ãªã¡ãã«ãããŠé žããªïœâããã«ãããŠé žããªã·
ã¯ãããã·ã«ããªã³é žããŠçŽ ïŒBPO4ïŒããªã³å
ããŠçŽ ïŒBPïŒãããŠé žãšãŒãã«ããšãã°ããªã¡ã
ãã·ããªã³ãïŒCH3OïŒ3Bãããªã³é žããã³ãã®ãš
ã¹ãã«ããšãã°ãªã³é žããªã¡ãã«
ãïŒCH3OïŒ3POãããªã³é žã«ãªãŠã ïŒK3PO4ïŒãã
ãã³ãã®æ··åç©ãå«ãã ãªã³é žããŠçŽ 氎溶液ã¯ãããŠçŽ ã容æã«äº€æã§
ããéœã€ãªã³ãšããŠãã®ååç©äžã«ååšãããã
奜ãŸããã ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ïŒCsããRbïŒãïŒéå±çŸ€ããã
ã³ïŒ¢ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°ããŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœãã
é åºã¯éèŠã§ã¯ãªããã次ã®äžè¬é åºããªãã¡ã¢
ã«ã«ãªéå±ãããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°ãïŒéå±çŸ€ã®
é åºã§ãçš®ã ã®æåãåäœããã®ã奜ãŸãããã¢
ã«ã«ãªéå±ã®äžåšã«æ¯ã¹ãã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãšãã«
ãã³ãŒã³ãžã®éžæçãå¢ãã®ã«æå¹ãªéã§ãã¢ã«
ã«ãªéå±ããŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœããã çè«çã«ã¯ãåãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ãããªãŠã ã®81
ïŒ ãããŸãåãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ãããªãŠã ã®71ïŒ ã
亀æå¯èœã§ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±éœã€ãªã³ã§ãããª
ãŠã éœã€ãªã³ã®å žåçã«ã¯çŽ20ãçŽ65ééïŒ ã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ40ãçŽ65ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ50
ãçŽ65ééïŒ ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã亀æããããšã«ã
ããã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±éœã€ãªã³ãæå¹éãåäœã§ã
ãã åŸã€ãŠãã»ã·ãŠã ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ãšããŠäœ¿çšã
ããšãã¯ãæçµãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªçµæç©ã®å šééåº
æºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§ãã»ã·ãŠã ééãšããŠå žåçã«
ã¯çŽ10ãçŽ30ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ20ã30éé
ïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ25ãçŽ30ééïŒ ã®ã»ã·ãŠã
å«éãïŒããšãã°äº€æã«ããïŒãŒãªã©ã€ãã«äžã
ãããã«ãå€æ§ãè¡ãªãã®ãå žåçã§ããã ã«ããžãŠã ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ãšããŠäœ¿ãå Žåã¯ã
æçµãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªçµæç©ã®å šééåºæºã§ãå çŽ
åºæºã§ãã«ããžãŠã ééãšããŠå žåçã«ã¯çŽïŒã
çŽ25ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ10ãçŽ25ééïŒ ãæã
奜ãŸããã¯çŽ15ãçŽ25ééïŒ ã®ã«ããžãŠã å«éã
ïŒããšãã°äº€æã«ããïŒãŒãªã©ã€ãã«äžãããã
ã«ãå€æ§ãè¡ãªãã®ãå žåçã§ããã ã«ãªãŠã ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ãšããŠäœ¿ãå Žåã¯ãæ
çµãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªçµæç©ã®å šééåºæºã§ãå çŽ åº
æºã§ãã«ãªãŠã ééãšããŠå žåçã«ã¯çŽïŒãçŽ16
ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒãçŽ16ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸ
ããã¯çŽ10ãçŽ16ééïŒ ã®ã«ãªãŠã å«éããŒãªã©
ã€ãã«äžããããã«ãïŒããšãã°äº€æã«ããïŒå€
æ§ãè¡ãªãã 奜ãŸããã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã¯ã»ã·ãŠã ã§ããããã
ããCsååã®å€§ããªå¯žæ³ã®ããã«ããããªãŠã
ãçŽ65ïŒ ä»¥äžã»ã·ãŠã ãšäº€æããããšã¯å®éäžã¯
éæãå°é£ã§ãããã»ã·ãŠã ã¯ïŒ«ãŸãã¯Rbãã
äžå±€å¡©åºæ§ã§ãããã»ã·ãŠã ããRbã®ãã¹ãŠ
ã¯Naããäžå±€å¡©åºæ§ã§ãããããã«ã觊åªã®å¡©
åºæ§åºŠãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±äº€æã«ããå¢ãããšãæ±ã
ããããã®ç®çãéæããã«ã¯Cså«éãæ倧ã«
ããã®ã奜ãŸãããããããCs亀æåã«ïŒ«ãã
ã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒRbã§ãããªãŠã ããŸã亀æããã
ãšã«ãããCs亀æã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®å¡©åºæ§åºŠãã
ãã«å¢å ã§ããããšãããã€ãããã®åè ã®éå±
ã¯äžå±€å°ãããCsãããäžå±€å®¹æã«ãŒãªã©ã€ã
æ§é ã«é©åããããã§ãããããã§ã奜ãŸããå ·
äœåã¯ãã»ã·ãŠã 亀æåã«ïŒ«ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒ
Rbã§ãããªãŠã ã®éšå亀æãè¡ãªããäžèšç¯å²
å ã®ïŒ«ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒRbå«éãäžããããšã§
ããããã®ãããªéšå亀æã¯ïŒžâãŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«
å€æ§åã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®å šééåºæºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§
NaééãšããŠå žåçã«ã¯çŽ0.5ãçŽ4.0ééïŒ ã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ0.5ãçŽ2.0ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ
0.5ãçŽïŒééïŒ ã®ãããªãŠã å«éãçãããŒãª
ã©ã€ãã®éœã€ãªã³ç¹ã®æ®ãã¯ïŒ«ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒ
Rbéœã€ãªã³ã«ããå ããããã®ã奜ãŸããã
ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒRb亀æã«ã€ãã§ã奜ãŸããã¯
Cs亀æãè¡ãªããNaãããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒRbã¯
Csã§äº€æãããŠäžèšéã®ã»ã·ãŠã å«éãäžããã
ããããŠãCsã€ãªã³ã®æ¥è¿ã§ããªãéœã€ãªã³ç¹
ã®å¡©åºæ§åºŠãããã«å¢ããªãããäžèšCsã«é¢é£
ããæ倧ã®å¡©åºæ§åºŠãäžããããšãã§ãããã¢ã«
ã«ãªéå±ãŸãã¯ïŒéå±çŸ€ã®äº€æãä¿é²ãããã
ã«ããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã®Naã€ãªã³ã®è¥å¹²ãã¯ããã«
æ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã§éšå亀æã§ãããæ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã¯ãã
ãªãŠã ã€ãªã³ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªããã³ïŒéå±çŸ€ã€ãª
ã³ã«ããäžå±€å®¹æã«äº€æããããæ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ãŸã
ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã«è»¢æã§ããã€ãªã³ãå«ã液åªäœã§
ãŒãªã©ã€ããåŠçããããšã«ãããäžèšäº€æãé
è¡ã§ãããç¡æ©é žããã³ææ©é žã¯æ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³æºã®
代衚ã§ãããã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ååç©ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã«
転æã§ããéœã€ãªã³ã®ä»£è¡šã§ããããããã³ã¯è§Š
åªã®å¡©åºæ§åºŠãæãŸãããªãæžå°ã§ãããããã
ããªãŠã ã®ä»£ãã«ããããŠå°å ¥ããæ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã
ã¹ãŠãæçµçã«ã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªãŸãã¯ïŒéå±çŸ€ã«ãã
亀æããããã«æ³šæãã¯ããå¿ èŠãããã ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°æåã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªããã³
ïŒéå±çŸ€ãšå ±ã«ååšãããšãã觊åªã®æŽ»æ§ïŒããš
ãã°è»¢åçïŒãæ¹è¯ããåããããããã®äžåšã«
æ¯ã¹äžèšæ¹è¯ãéæããã®ã«æå¹ãªéã§äœ¿ãã
ãã ããã§ãããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°æåã®æå¹éã
ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœã§ãããããã®ãããªæå¹éã¯
äžèšæåãå«ããŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªã®å šééåºæºã§ã
å çŽ åºæºã§äžèšæåãåã å žåçã«ã¯çŽ0.001ã
çŽïŒééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.002ãçŽ0.5ééïŒ ã
æã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.002ãçŽ0.1ééïŒ ãæ§æãã
ããšãæå³ãããŠããã ïŒéå±çŸ€ã¯ãã®äžåšã«æ¯èŒããã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±
ïŒããªãã¡CsããRbïŒããã³ïŒ¢ããã³ïŒãŸã
ã¯ïŒïŒ°å€æ§ã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ã¹ãã¬ã³ãžã®éžæçã
å¢ãåããããããCsããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ååšã
ãããšãããã®å¹æã¯æãèãããããã§ãã©ã®
æå¹éã®ïŒéå±çŸ€ããŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœã§ãããã
ãã®ãããªæå¹éã¯è§Šåªäžã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ïŒããš
ãã°CsïŒå¯ŸïŒéå±çŸ€ã®å€«ã ã®ã°ã©ã ååæ¯çŽïŒ
察ïŒãçŽ100察ïŒã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒå¯ŸïŒãçŽ50察
ïŒãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒå¯ŸïŒãçŽ30察ïŒãäžãã
ã®ã«ååã§ããããšãæå³ãããŠãããäžæ¹ããŒ
ãªã©ã€ãã«åäœããïŒéå±çŸ€ã®éãå šè§Šåªã®éé
åçã§è¡šããããšãã§ãããåŸã€ãŠãå šè§Šåªéé
åºæºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§ïŒéå±çŸ€ãçŽ0.01ãçŽïŒéé
ïŒ ã®ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.05ãçŽïŒééïŒ ã®ãæã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ0.1ãçŽïŒééïŒ ã®éã§ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«
åäœããã ã€ãªã³äº€æå®äºåŸã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãäžã®æ®åãããª
ãŠã ã€ãªã³å«éã¯ãå žåçã«ã¯å šãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæ
ç©ééåºæºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§çŽ0.5ãçŽ4.5ééïŒ ã
奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.5ãçŽ2.5ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯
çŽ0.5ãçŽ1.0ééïŒ ãšå€åããã 浞åºãŸãã¯äº€æã«ããå€æ§æåã®æ倱ãé¿ãã
ãããå€æ§åŸã¯é床ã®æŽæµãŸãã¯é¡äŒŒã®æäœãé¿
ããã®ãäžè¬ã«å¥œãŸããããŸãæ°ŽçŽ ãŸãã¯ä»ã®ã€
ãªã³ãšã®äº€æã«ããéœã€ãªã³ã®æ倱ããŸããããš
ãç¥ãããŠããåŠçã«è§Šåªããããããšã¯æãŸã
ããªãã å«æµžæäœã«ã€ãã§ãå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªãå žå
çã«ã¯çŽ80ãçŽ150âã§ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ90ãçŽ120
âã§ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ100ãçŽ110âã§äžè¬ã«ä¹Ÿ
ç¥ãããã也ç¥ã¯ææã«ããã å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæç©ã䜿çšåãçŒããã®ã奜
ãŸãããå¥ã®å·¥çšã§ãŸãã¯åå¿åšå ã§ãçŒãå®æœ
ã§ããå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªçµæç©ã®å ç±ãå«ãã ãçŒã¯è§Šåªã®åºäœç¶æ æ§é ãåºå®ããç±åŠçã§
ããã觊åªçµæç©ãæ§æããååŠå çŽ ã¯ãããªã
ã¯ã¹äžã«åºå®ãããã åŸã€ãŠãå žåçã«ã¯çŽ300ãçŽ600âã§ã奜ãŸã
ãã¯çŽ400ãçŽ500âã§ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ400ã
çŽ450âã§ãå žåçã«ã¯çŽïŒãçŽ24æéã奜ãŸã
ãã¯çŽïŒãçŽ16æéãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒãçŽ16
æéãçŒãè¡ãªãããçŒã®å®æœã«ãããŠã¯ã觊åª
ãå žåçã«ã¯éžãã ãçŒæž©åºŠã§ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ10
âå以äžã®é床ã§ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒâ以äžã®
é床ã§å ç±ããã ãçŒãè¡ãªãé°å²æ°ã¯å žåçã«ã¯ç©ºæ°ãçªçŽ ã
ã¢ã«ãŽã³ãããªãŠã ãªã©ã®äžã€ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã
ããªããå¿ é æ¡ä»¶ã§ã¯ãªããããçŒé°å²æ°ã移å
æµãšããŠè§Šåªçµæç©äžã«éãããšã奜ãŸããã ãçŒåŸã®ããã«èšèŒã®å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯ãå žå
çã«ã¯çŽåŸçŽïŒãçŽ15â«ã®ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒ
ãçŽ13â«ïŒããšãã°10ã13â«ïŒã®å¹³å现å寞æ³ã
æããã å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªã¯ã觊åªãæ¥è§Šåºã§ç²ç¶ç©
質ãšããŠããŸãé«è¡šé¢ç©ãäžãã圢ã§äžè¬ã«äœ¿ã
äžæ§ãªæ§é äžã®ã³ãŒãã€ã³ã°ç©è³ªãšããŠãµã€ã䜿
ãçš®ã ã®ç©ç圢ã§äœ¿ãã®ã«é©åããŠãããæããš
ãã¯ã觊åªã䜿çšããããšããåå¿ãŸãã¯è§Šåªã«
æªåœ±é¿ãäžããªãçš®ã ã®è§Šåªçµåå€ãŸãã¯æ äœç©
質ã§è§Šåªãè€ååããããšãã§ããã ããã«èšèŒã®å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæç©ã¯ãã«ãšã³
ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åã«å¯ŸããŠäºæ³å€ã®æŽ»æ§ãšã¹ãã¬
ã³éžæçã瀺ããåŸã€ãŠãéåžžã®ãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åª
ã®ååšã§ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«ãããã«ãšã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ã
ã«åã«äžè¬ã«äœ¿ãããæ¡ä»¶ãæ¡çšããããšãã§ã
ããéžã°ããç¹å®ã®åå¿æ¡ä»¶ã¯è§Šåªã®æŽ»æ§ããã³
枩床å®å®æ§ãæã転åçãåŸãããçæç©éžæç
ã®ãããªèæ ®ã«ãã圱é¿ãåããã ãã«ãšã³ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ååå¿ã¯æ°çžã§ç±ã®åœ±é¿äž
ã«å®æœããã®ã奜ãŸãããã液çžåå¿ã䜿çšãã
ããšãã§ãããåå¿ãå®æœãã枩床ç¯å²ã¯å žåç
ã«ã¯çŽ300ãçŽ550âã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ380ãçŽ480
âãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ400ãçŽ450âã®ç¯å²ã§ã
ãã å§åã¯æ¬çºæã®ã¢ã«ãã«åæ³ã«ãããŠéèŠã§ã¯
ãªãããèããé«å§ã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®å解ãæå¶
ããããã§éžæçãæ¹è¯ããããšãç¥ãããŠã
ããããã§ãæããšãã¯æžå§ãåžžå§ããŸãã¯å å§
ã§åå¿ãå®æœããããšãã§ãããã觊åªãšæ¥è§Šã
ããšãåå¿ç©ãæ°çžã§ããããã«åå¿æž©åºŠã«é¢é£
ããŠå§åãéžã¶ã®ãå žåçã§ãããããããå žå
çã«ã¯çŽïŒãçŽ70æ°å§ã§ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ25ãçŽ70
æ°å§ã§ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ50ãçŽ70æ°å§ã§åå¿ã
è¡ãªãã®ãäžè¬ã«å¥œãŸããã æ¬æ³ã¯æ°çžã§ååŠåå¿ãå®æœããã®ã«é©ããå
ã®è£ 眮ã§äŸ¿å©ã«å®æœããããåå¿ç©ãšå€æ§ãŒãªã©
ã€ãçµæç©ãæ¥è§Šãããããã«ãåºå®åºã移å
åºããŸãã¯æµååºç³»ã䜿ãåäžåå¿åšã§ãŸãã¯è€
åå¿åšã§æ¬æ³ãå®æœã§ãããåå¿ç©ã®ãã«ãšã³ãŸ
ãã¯ãã«ãšã³èªå°äœãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«ãäžè¬ã«å ç±
ããèžæ°ãšããŠåå¿åšã«å°å ¥ãããããããåå¿
ç©ã液äœãšããŠåå¿åšã«å°å ¥ããã€ãã§æ°åãã
ããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããåå¿ç©ãšå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæç©
ãšã®æ¥è§Šæéã¯åºãæäœå¯èœç¯å²ããéžã¶ããšã
ã§ããçŽ0.4ãçŽïŒç§ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒãçŽïŒç§ã
æã奜ãŸããã¯çŽãçŽïŒç§ãšå€åã§ãããåå¿æ
éã¯åå¿æ¡ä»¶äžã§æž¬å®ããåå¿ç©ã¬ã¹ãåå¿åšå
ã§å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæç©ãšæ¥è§Šããç§ã§ã®æéãš
ããŠå®çŸ©ã§ãããéžã¶åå¿æéã¯åå¿æž©åºŠããã³
æããã«ãšã³è»¢åçæ°Žæºã«äŸåããŠå€åã§ããã
é«æž©ããã³ãã«ãšã³äœè»¢åçæ°Žæºã§ã¯ãäžå±€çã
ãæ¥è§ŠæéãèŠæ±ããããããšãã°ãåå¿ç©ãã€
ãŒãæµã觊åªäžã«å žåçã«ã¯çŽ450ãçŽ9000æé
-1ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ720ãçŽ3600æé-1ãæã奜ãŸ
ããã¯çŽ900ãçŽ1800æé-1ã®ã¬ã¹æé空éé床
ïŒGHSVïŒã§éãããšãã§ããã åå¿ç©ã®ãã€ãŒãæµã¯å žåçã«ã¯ãã«ãšã³ãšã¡
ã¿ããŒã«ãããªããåå¿åšã«äŸçµŠããããã«ãšã³
ããã³ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®å€«ã ã®éã¯ããã®ã¢ã«æ¯ãšã
ãŠæå®ã§ããããã®åºæºã§ãåå¿åž¯åã«äŸçµŠãã
ãã«ãšã³å¯Ÿã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ã¯ãå žåçã«ã¯çŽ
ïŒå¯Ÿ0.05ãçŽïŒå¯Ÿ20ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒå¯Ÿ0.1ãçŽ
ïŒå¯Ÿ10ïŒããšãã°ïŒå¯ŸïŒãçŽïŒå¯Ÿ10ïŒãæã奜ãŸã
ãã¯çŽïŒå¯Ÿ0.25ãçŽïŒå¯ŸïŒïŒããšãã°ïŒå¯ŸïŒãçŽ
ïŒå¯ŸïŒïŒã®ããã«å¶åŸ¡ããã觊åªäžã«ïŒéå±çŸ€ã
äžåšã®ãšãã«èµ·ãçšåºŠãŸã§ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®åçãç ç²
ã«ããããšãªãã«ãååŠéè«éïŒããªãã¡ãã«ãš
ã³å¯Ÿã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã¢ã«æ¯ïŒå¯ŸïŒïŒããéå°ã®ã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«éã䜿çšã§ããããšã¯æ¬çºæã®å©ç¹ã§ããã äžèšåå¿ç©ã®ã»ãã«ãçªçŽ ãã¢ã«ãŽã³ãäºé žå
ççŽ ãããªãŠã ãªã©ã®ãããªä»ã®äžæŽ»æ§åžéã¬ã¹
ãåå¿åšã«å°å ¥ããããšã奜ãŸããããã®ãããª
äžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ãåç¬ã§å·¥çšã«å°å ¥ã§ãããŸãã¯ä»ã®
ãã€ãŒãç©è³ªãšäžç·ã«ããããšãã§ããã奜ãŸã
ãã¯ãã«ãšã³å¯ŸäžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ãå žåçã«ã¯
çŽ0.4察ïŒãçŽïŒå¯ŸïŒã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.5察ïŒãçŽ
ïŒå¯ŸïŒãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.75察ïŒãçŽïŒå¯ŸïŒã
éæããã®ã«ååãªæ¹åŒã§ãäžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ãåå¿åž¯
åã«å°å ¥ããã奜ãŸããã¯äžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ã¯çªçŽ ã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæããã«ãšã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åã«é¢ãèšèŒ
ãããããã«ãšã³ã®ã¡ãã«çœ®æèªå°äœããã®åŽé
ã¢ã«ãã«åã«äœ¿çšã§ãããããã§ãæ¬æ³ã§äœ¿çšã§
ããçåæ°ŽçŽ ãã€ãŒãæºã¯æ§é åŒ ã«ããè¡šããããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ååç©ãããª
ãããã ãïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®ã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒã®ã
æã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãçŽïŒïŒããšãã°ïŒïŒã®æ°ã§ã
ãããã«ãšã³ã®ã»ãã«ã¢ã«ãã«åã«é©ãããã®ã
ããªçåæ°ŽçŽ ãã€ãŒãæºã®ä»£è¡šäŸã¯ïœâãã·ã¬
ã³ãïœâãã·ã¬ã³ãïœâãã·ã¬ã³ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâ
ããªã¡ãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªã¡ãã«ã
ã³ãŒã³ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããã©ã¡ãã«ãã³ãŒ
ã³ããããµã¡ãã«ãã³ãŒã³ããã³ã¿ã¡ãã«ãã³ãŒ
ã³ãªã©ãå«ããæã奜ãŸãããã«ãšã³èªå°äœã¯ã
ã·ã¬ã³é¡ã§ããã äžè¬ã«ããã«ãšã³ä»¥å€ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åã®çåæ°ŽçŽ
ãã€ãŒãæºã䜿ããšãã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åçæç©ã¯é©
åœãªã¡ãã«çœ®æã®ã¹ãã¬ã³ãŸãã¯ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³
çæç©ã§ãããããšãã°ïŒããéå°ã®ã¡ãã«åºã¯
ã¢ã«ãã«ååå¿ã«ãã圱é¿ãåããã«æ®ãã ããã§ãããã«ãšã³èªå°äœãã®çšèªã¯ïœãïŒã
ïŒã§ããæ§é åŒïŒïŒã«ããè¡šããããå°ãªããš
ãïŒçš®ã®ååç©ãšå®çŸ©ãããã ããã«ãæ¬çºæãã¢ã«ãã«åå€ãšããŠã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«ã«é¢é£ãèšèŒããŠããããä»ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åå€ã
åäžæ¡ä»¶ç¯å²ã§äœ¿çšããããšããããããã§ãã
ãªãªããµã³ãã¡ãã©ãŒã«ããã©ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãã
ãããŸãã¯ãã«ã ã»ã«ãã«ã ã¢ã«ããã溶液ïŒã
ã«ã ã¢ã«ããã55ïŒ ãæ°Ž10ïŒ ãæ®ãã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«ïŒã®ãããªåžè²©ãã«ã ã¢ã«ããã溶液ãå«ãã
ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãã«ã ã¢ã«ã
ããã®çš®ã ã®åœ¢æ ãŸãã¯æºãã¢ã«ãã«åå€ãšããŠ
䜿çšããããšãã§ãããããã§ãããã§å®çŸ©ãã
ãã¢ã«ãã«åå€ãã®çšèªã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ã»ãã«äž
èšç©è³ªã®ïŒçš®ãŸãã¯ãã以äžãèšèŒããããšãæ
å³ãããŠããã 次ã®å®æœäŸã¯æ¬çºæã®ç¹å¥ãªäŸãšããŠç€ºããã
ãããæ¬çºæã¯å®æœäŸã«ç€ºãç¹å¥ã®è©³çŽ°ã«éå®ã
ããªãããšãç解ãã¹ãã§ãããç¹ã«ããšãããª
ãéããå®æœäŸããã³æ现æžã®æ®ãã§éšããã³ã
ãŒã»ã³ãã¯ãã¹ãŠééåºæºã§ããã 次ã®å®æœäŸã§ã¯ããšãããªãéããéžæçãã
ã³è»¢åçã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ããŠèšç®ããã éžæçïŒ ïŒæãçæç©ã®ã¢ã«æ°ïŒåå¿ãããã«ãšã³ã®ã¢
ã«æ°Ã100 転åçïŒ ïŒåå¿ãããã€ãŒãäžã®ãã«ãšã³ã®ã¢ã«æ°ïŒãã€ãŒã
äžã®ãã«ãšã³ã®ã¢ã«æ° Ã100 åçïŒ ïŒéžæçïŒïŒ ïŒÃ転åçïŒïŒ ïŒïŒ100 å®æœäŸ ïŒãïŒ æ¬¡ã®ããã«è€ã€ãªã³äº€ææè¡ã«ãã€ãŠãã»ã·ãŠ
ã âããŠçŽ âãªã³å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæç©ãã€ãã€
ãã  éš CsOHã»XH2OïŒ83ïŒ ïŒ46.69ïœïŒCsOH0.26ã¢
ã«ïŒãè±ã€ãªã³æ°Ž400mlã«å®€æž©ïŒ20âïŒã§æº¶è§£ã
ãããšã«ãããæ°Žé žåã»ã·ãŠã ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãã€ãã€
ããåŸããã溶液ãåã€ã®100mléšåã«åå²ãã
13XãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ãããœã³ïŒãïŒã¡ãã·ãŠããŒã
50ïœè©Šæãšé 次混åïŒãããŸããªãã§ïŒããïŒã€
ã®ã¹ã©ãªãŒãã€ãã€ããåã¹ã©ãªãŒã90âã§ç°ãª
ãæéãããªãã¡å€«ã 16ãïŒãïŒããã³ïŒæé浞
挬ãã次ã®éšåãæ·»å ããåã«åã¹ã©ãªãŒã®æ¶²äœ
éšåããŒãªã©ã€ãããé€å»ããã  éš ã€ãã«è±ã€ãªã³æ°Ž400mlã«æº¶ãããCsOHã»
XH2OïŒ83ïŒ ïŒ22ïœãšBPO44ïœãå«ã第ïŒæº¶æ¶²ã
ã€ãã€ãããã®æº¶æ¶²ïŒ100mlïŒãéšã«åŸã€ãŠåŠ
çãããŒãªã©ã€ããšæ··åãã¹ã©ãªãŒãã€ããã90
âã§ïŒæéå ç±ãããã¹ã©ãªãŒã®æ¶²äœéšåãé€å»
ãã亀æ溶液ã®æ®ãã®300mléšåãæ··åãã90â
ã§16æéã«ããããŒãªã©ã€ããšã®å¥ã®ã¹ã©ãªãŒã
圢æããããã®ã¹ã©ãªãŒã®æ¶²äœå 容ç©ãé€å»ãã
CsBPâãŒãªã©ã€ããæ°Ž500mlã§æŽãã110âã§
ïŒæé也ç¥ããã  éš ïŒ¢éšã«åŸã€ãŠã€ãã€ãéšåå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ããïŒ
ã€ã®è©Šæã«åå²ããåè©ŠæãLiãCeãCrãAgã®
äžã€ã®éœã€ãªã³ã§äº€æããããšã«ããããã«å€æ§
ãããåŸã€ãŠãLiClïŒæº¶æ¶²ïŒïŒãCeïŒOHïŒ4ïŒæº¶æ¶²
ïŒïŒãCrïŒNO3ïŒ3ã»9H2OïŒæº¶æ¶²ïŒïŒããŸãã¯AgNO3
ïŒæº¶æ¶²ïŒïŒãè±ã€ãªã³æ°Ž40mlã«æº¶ããããšã«ããã
åã€ã®å¥ã ã®æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãã€ããå溶液ã«æº¶ããã
åïŒéå±çŸ€ã®éã¯ã溶液ãæ·»å ããããšããéš
ããã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®å šééåºæºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§å
ïŒéå±çŸ€0.2ééïŒ ãåŸãã®ã«ååã§ãã€ãã ã€ãã§æº¶æ¶²ïŒãïŒã®åã ãéšããã®CsBPâ
ãŒãªã©ã€ãïŒïœãš20âã§16æéæ··åããã¹ã©ãª
ãŒãã€ãã€ããã¹ã©ãªãŒã空æ°äž110âã§ïŒæé
也ç¥ããã  éš æº¶æ¶²ïŒãïŒããã®ä¹Ÿç¥ããå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãè©Šæ
ã®åã ïŒc.c.ããã¬ã©ã¹ãŠãŒã«ã§åºãæ¢ãã40c.c.ã®
å åç³è±åå¿åšïŒå€åŸ0.5ã€ã³ããå åŸ3/8ã€ã³
ãïŒã«å ¥ããã觊åªã®äžæ¹ã®åå¿åšã®çŽ15c.c.ã«ã¬
ã©ã¹ãŠãŒã«ãã€ããäºç±åž¯åãšããŠåœ¹ç«ãŠãã管
ç¶çã«ããç±ãåå¿åšã«äŸçµŠãããN2ã¬ã¹ã200
c.c.ïŒåã®é床ã§åå¿åšã«éãããšã«ãããå觊åª
è©Šæãåå¿åšå ã§ãçŒããããçŒäžåå¿åšã®æž©åºŠ
ã¯430âã§ãã€ããåè©Šæã®ãçŒæéã第ïŒè¡šã«
瀺ãããçŒãå®çµãããããã«ãšã³å¯Ÿã¡ã¿ããŒã«
ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ïŒå¯Ÿ7.5ãæãããã«ãšã³ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®
液äœæ··åç©ãããã€ãŒãäžã®ãã«ãšã³å¯ŸN2ã®ã¢
ã«æ¯ïŒå¯ŸïŒãéæããã®ã«ååãªéã§çªçŽ ãã€ãª
ã€ãŒã¬ã¹ãšäžç·ã«ããïŒããªãã¡N2ã15c.c.ïŒå
ã®é床ã§äŸçµŠããïŒãåå®æœäŸã§ãSTPã§ïŒç§ã®
å觊åªè©Šæãšã®è§Šåªæéãéæããã®ã«ååãªé
床ã§ãçæãã«ãšã³ïŒã¡ã¿ããŒã«ïŒN2ãã€ãŒã
ã425âã«ä¿ã€ãåå¿åšã®é éšã«éãããåæµåº
æµãšåçž®åšããã³è©Šæè£éåšãéãã液äœæµåºç©
ã60åéããã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ãŒã§åæã
ããåæããçµæã第ïŒè¡šã«èŠçŽããã æ¯èŒå®æœäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒãïŒã®ïŒ¢éšã«åŸãã€ãã€ãCsBPâ
ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®è©ŠæããçŒããå®æœäŸïŒãïŒã®ïŒ€éš
ã«åŸãè©Šéšããçµæã第ïŒè¡šã«èŠçŽããã çµæã«é¢ããè°è« 第ïŒè¡šã®ããŒã¿ããã¯ãïŒçŸ€éœã€ãªã³ã®äžåšäž
ã§ã¯ããã«ãšã³è»¢åçã¯25ïŒ ã§ããããã¹ãã¬ã³
åçã¯ãããã«2.8ïŒ ã§ããïŒæ¯èŒå®æœäŸïŒïŒãã
ãã«å¯Ÿæ¯ããïŒéå±çŸ€ã®ååšã¯ãã¹ãŠã®å Žåã¹ã
ã¬ã³åçãå®è³ªäžæ¹è¯ããå®æœäŸïŒã«ãããŠã¯äž
èšæ¹è¯ã¯æ¯èŒå®æœäŸïŒã®ã¹ãã¬ã³åçã®ïŒå以äž
ã§ãããã¹ãã¬ã³åçã®ãã®ãããªæ¹è¯ã¯ãå®æœ
äŸïŒãïŒã§ã¯ãã«ãšã³è»¢åçã®ãããããã«ç ç²
ã§åŸãããäžæ¹Agã®ååšã¯ã¹ãã¬ã³åçãïŒå
以äžã«ããªãããå¯Ÿç §ãšåäžè»¢åçãéæããã
å®æœäŸããã³æ¯èŒå®æœäŸïŒã«ãããäžå±€é«ãã¡ã¿
ããŒã«å«éã®èŠå°ããã第ïŒè¡šã®ãã«ãšã³è»¢åç
ã®ãã¹ãŠã¯ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4140726å·ã§åŸãããæé«
ãã«ãšã³è»¢åçã®ïŒå以äžã§ããã
ã«ã®åå¿ã«ããã¹ãã¬ã³åœ¢ææ³ã«é¢ããã ã¹ãã¬ã³ã¯çŸåšïŒå·¥çšæ³ã§ãã³ãŒã³ããåæ¥äž
補é ãããŠããã第ïŒå·¥çšã§ã¯ããã³ãŒã³ããšã
ã¬ã³ã§ã¢ã«ãã«åããŠãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã圢æãã
第ïŒå·¥çšã§ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãè±æ°ŽçŽ ããŠã¹ãã¬ã³
ã圢æããã ããšãã°ãåžåé¡éå±ïŒã»ãªãŠã ãå«ãïŒã§å€
æ§ããâãŸãã¯ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ååšã§ããª
ã¬ãã€ã³ãããã²ã³åã¢ã«ãã«ãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã«ã
ãè³éŠæååç©ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åã¯ãç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬
3251897å·ã«åºãæããã«ãããŠãããäžèšã¢ã«
ãã«åã¯ã¹ãã¬ã³ã«å¯ŸããŠéç¹ç°çã§ãããæã
ãã«ãããŠããäž»ãªåå¿ã¯ãã³ãŒã³ãšãšãã¬ã³ã
ãã®ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®åœ¢æã§ãããããã§ããã®
ãããªãŒãªã©ã€ãæ¥è§Šåå¿ãéåžžã®ã¹ãã¬ã³åæ
ã®ç¬¬ïŒå·¥çšã§ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³åœ¢æã«äœ¿çšã§ããã ã¹ãã¬ã³åœ¢æã®ããã®æ¢ç¥ã®å¥ã®çµè·¯ã¯äžã€
ã¯ããã«ãšã³ã®é žåã«ãããªã³ã°ã«ããïŒïŒïŒâ
ãžããšãã«ãšãã¬ã³ïŒã¹ãã«ãã³ïŒã圢æããã€
ãã§è§Šåªã®ååšã§ãšãã¬ã³ãšã¹ãã«ãã³ã®äžåå
ã§ã¹ãã¬ã³ã圢æããããšãå«ãããã«ãšã³âã¹
ãã«ãã³çµè·¯ã®å šå·¥çšäœç³»ã®çµæžçæ矩ã¯ããšã
ã¬ã³0.5ã¢ã«ãšãã«ãšã³ïŒã¢ã«ããã¹ãã¬ã³ã補
é ã§ããäºå®ã«ãããããã¯ãšãã¬ã³ïŒã¢ã«ãšã
ã³ãŒã³ïŒã¢ã«ããã¹ãã¬ã³ã補é ããéåžžã®ãšã
ã«ãã³ãŒã³çµè·¯ãšæ¯ã¹ãããã ãã³ãŒã³ããã³ãšãã¬ã³ã®äŸ¡æ Œã®äžæãšãã³ãŒ
ã³ã®ç°å¢åé¡ã«ç §ãããŠããã«ãšã³æ³ã¯ã¹ãã¬ã³
補é ã®ããã®çŸåã®ãã³ãŒã³æ³ãããäžå±€é åç
çµè·¯ãšãªããã ãã«ãšã³ããã¹ãã«ãã³ãžã®çµè·¯ã§äœ¿ã代衚ç
ãªè§Šåªã¯ãç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3694518å·ã第3739038å·ã
第3868427å·ã第3965206å·ã第3980580å·ã第
4091044å·ã第4183828å·ã第4243825å·ã第
4247727å·ã第4254293å·ã第4255602å·ã第
4255603å·ã第4255604å·ã第4268703å·ã第
4268704å·ã第4278824å·ã第4278825å·ã第
4278826å·ã«æããã«ãããŠãããããªéå±é žå
ç©ã§ãããäžèšç¹èš±ã¯ãã¹ãŠã¢ã³ãµã³ã瀟ã«è²æž¡
ãããã å ±éã«è²æž¡ãããH.ãã³ããã³I.ãã¢ã³ã«ãã
ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4429174å·ã§ã¯ããã«ãšã³ããã¹ãã«
ãã³ãžã®çµè·¯ã«å¯ŸãLiããRbããŸãã¯ã»ã·ãŠ
ã éœã€ãªã³ã§å€æ§ããŸãããPbãCuãZnã
NlãCoãFlãããªã矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšã
ïŒçš®ã®å©è§Šåªã§å€æ§ããããŒãžã€ãµã€ããŒãªã©ã€
ãã䜿çšããã ãã«ãšã³ããã¹ãã¬ã³ãžã®å¥ã®ç°ãªãçµè·¯ã¯ã
ã€ã·ããããžã€ãŒãã«ã»ãªãã»ãã€ã¿ãªã·ã¹ã26
å·»ã303ã312é ïŒ1972幎ïŒã«èšèŒã®ããã«ãâ
ãŸãã¯ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ããšæ¥è§Šãããããšã«ãã
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ãŸãã¯ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããã«ãããã«ãš
ã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åãå«ããããã«è©³ããã¯ãã
ã«ãšã³ã®ã¡ãã«åºã®ã¢ã«ãã«åã«ããã¹ãã¬ã³ã
ãã³ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®åœ¢æã¯NaããRbããŸã
ã¯Cs亀æã®ïŒžâãŸãã¯ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã«ãã
è¡ãªããããäžæ¹åäžåã®Li亀æã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯
äž»ãšããŠãã«ãšã³ã®ãã³ãŒã³ç°ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åãè¡
ãªããã·ã¬ã³ã圢æããããšãæããã«ãããŠã
ããã€ã·ããã¯ãã®çµæãããã·ã¬ã³åœ¢æã¯è§Šåª
ã®é žæ§åºŠã«åž°ããããäžæ¹ã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãšãã«
ãã³ãŒã³åœ¢æã¯è§Šåªã®å¡©åºæ§åºŠã«åž°ããããããš
ãæ瀺ããŠãããšããŠèª¬æããŠããã ã·ãã¬ã³ã³ãã¯è«æãã¢ã«ã«ãªã€ãªã³ã§äº€æã
ãåæãŒãªã©ã€ãäžã§ã®ãã«ãšã³ãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®
çž®åããDokl.Akad.Nauk SSSRã173å·»ãïŒå·ã
132ã134é ïŒ1967幎ïŒã«ãããŠãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±äº€
æã®ïŒžâããã³ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã䜿ãã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«ã«ãããã«ãšã³ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åæ©æ§ãææ¡ããŠã
ããã¡ã¿ããŒã«ããã«ã ã¢ã«ãããã«è»¢æããã€
ãã§ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããããã«ãšã³ãšåå¿ããŠã¹ã
ã¬ã³ãšãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãçæãããšããŠããã ããããã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±äº€æã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯çš®ã
ã®åå¿ã«è§ŠåªäœçšãåãŒãããšãã§ããããã§
çš®ã ã®å¯çç©ãçæãããããã€ã·ãããŸãã¯ãž
ãã¬ã³ã³ãã«åŸãåœè©²æ¹æ³ãå®æœãããšãã¯ãã¹
ãã¬ã³ãžã®ãã«ãšã³ã®éžæçã¯èããäœãã ããã«ããã«ãšã³ïŒã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã¢ã«ãã«ååå¿
ã®åæ¥çé åã¯ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãžã®ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®
è±æ°ŽçŽ è²»çšãæžããããããšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã«å¯Ÿã
ååã«é«ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãžã®éžæçãéæããããšã
æ¡ä»¶ãšããã ãã«ãšã³ïŒã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã¢ã«ãã«ååå¿ã®ã¹ãã¬
ã³ãžã®éžæçãæ¹è¯ããåªåã«ãããŠãã¢ã³ã©ã³
ããã®ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4140726å·ã¯ãã«ãªãŠã ãã«ã
ãžãŠã ãã»ã·ãŠã ã®ïŒçš®ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã§éœã€ãª
ã³äº€æãå€æ§ããããŠçŽ ãŸãã¯ãªã³ãå«æµžããã
âãŸãã¯ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã®äœ¿çšãèšèŒããŠã
ãããã€ãŒãäžã®ãã«ãšã³å¯Ÿã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ã¢ã«æ¯
ã¯0.5察ïŒãã20察ïŒãšå€åãããšããŠæããã«
ãããŠãããïŒïŒæ¬ã20è¡ä»¥äžïŒãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã
å解ããå¯åå¿ãæå°ã«ããããã«ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«
æ¯èŒããã€ãŒãäžã§éå°ã®ãã«ãšã³ã䜿ãããšã
æãŸããããšãæããã«ããŠãããäºå®å®æœäŸã§
å ±åããããŒã¿ã¯å°ãªããšãïŒå¯ŸïŒã®ãã«ãšã³å¯Ÿ
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æ¯ã䜿ã€ãŠããã転åçããã³éžæç
ã¯ãã€ãŒãäžã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«åºæºã§å ±åãããŠã
ããæ¬ ç¹ã¯ãã€ãŒãäžã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æ¿åºŠããã«ãš
ã³æ¿åºŠã®ããªãäžã«ç¶æããããšã«é¢é£ãããã
ãªãã¡ãã«ãšã³å¯Ÿã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ïŒå¯ŸïŒã«ã
ãããã¹åœãã®æå¹ãã«ãšã³è»¢åçã¯å¿ ãååŠé
è«ççç±ã§ã¡ã¿ããŒã«è»¢åçã®20ïŒ ä»¥äžã§ã¯ãª
ãããã®ç¹èš±ã«ãããŠã¯6.7ïŒ ãšèšç®ã§ããïŒå®
æœäŸïŒãïŒæ¬ãïŒè¡ïŒããã«ãšã³ã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã
ãé«äŸ¡ã§ãããçæ³çã«ã¯ãã«ãšã³è»¢åçãæ倧
ã«ãããã«ãšã³ã®å埪ç°ãé¿ããŸãã¯æå°ã«ãã
ããšãæãŸãããããããããè¡ãªãããã«ã¯ã
ãã€ãŒãäžã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æ¿åºŠãå¢ãå¿ èŠãããã
ãã«ãšã³ã«æ¯ã¹ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®å埪ç°ã¯ã¯ããã«ç°¡
åãªæäœã§ãããã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®äŸ¡æ Œã®ãããã®ã
ããªå埪ç°ãå šãã¯ã¶ãããšããã§ããããã
ããã¢ã³ã©ã³ããã®è§Šåªã䜿çšãããšãããã€ãŒ
ãäžã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«æ¿åºŠãå¢ãããšã«ãããã«ãšã³
転åçãæ¹è¯ããããšè©Šã¿ãå Žåãã¹ãã¬ã³éžæ
çæ¯ãããªãã¡ã¢ã«ïŒ åºæºã§ã®ã¹ãã¬ã³å¯Ÿã¹ãã¬
ã³ïŒãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®æ¯ã¯æ¯èŒå®æœäŸã§åŸã§èšèŒ
ã®ããã«æžå°ãããããã§ãã¢ã³ã©ã³ããã®è§Šåª
ã䜿ããšããã¡ã¿ããŒã«æ¿åºŠã®å¢å ã«ããèªèµ·ã
ãããã«ãšã³è»¢åçã®å¢å ã«å¯Ÿããã¹ãã¬ã³éžæ
çã®å®è³ªäžã®æžå°ãåãå ¥ããããåŸãªãã ã€ããŠãã¯ãžã€ãŒãã«ã»ãªãã»ãã€ã¿ãªã·ã¹ã
72å·»ã170é ïŒ1981幎ïŒã«ãããŠãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«
ããïœâãã·ã¬ã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åã«ããïœâã¡
ãã«ã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ïœâãšãã«ãã«ãšã³ã®è£œé ã«
察ããRbLiâãRbâãRbKâã®ãããª
RbããLiéœã€ãªã³äº€æã®ïŒžâåãŒãªã©ã€ãã®
䜿çšãå ±åããŠãããïœâã¡ãã«ã¹ãã¬ã³5.3ã¢
ã«ïŒ ãïœâãšãã«ãã«ãšã³2.7ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®åçã§ã
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®è»¢åçæé«68ã¢ã«ïŒ ãæããã«ããŠ
ãããããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïœå«æµžã®ãŒãªã©ã€ããš
çµåããCsããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒLi亀æã®äœ¿çšã¯æ
ããã«ãããŠããããããããåŸãããå¹æãæ
ããã«ãããŠããªãã 1982幎ïŒæ26æ¥ã«å ¬è¡šãããç¹éæ57â68144
å·å ¬å ±ã¯ãååšãããããªãŠã éœã€ãªã³ã®å°ãªã
ãšã20ïŒ ãã»ã·ãŠã ãã«ãªãŠã ããŸãã¯ã«ããžãŠ
ã ã§äº€æãããŸãããŠé žãŸãã¯ãªã³é žã®ïŒçš®ãŸã
ã¯ãã以äžã®ïŒäŸ¡ãŸãã¯ïŒäŸ¡ã®éå±å¡©ãå«æµžãã
ããã«åŠçããããŒãžã€ãµã€ãã®çµã®ãŒãªã©ã€ã
ãããªãã¹ãã¬ã³åæçšè§Šåªã«é¢ãããã®ã§ãäž
èšå¡©ã®éå±ã¯ãã°ãã·ãŠã ãã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãã¢ã«ã
ããŠã ããã³ã¬ã³ãéãã³ãã«ããããã±ã«ã
é ãäºéããéžã°ãããšããŠæããã«ããŠããã ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«ãããã«ãšã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åå
å¿ã®è»¢åçããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒã¹ãã¬ã³éžæçãæ¹
è¯ã§ãã觊åªçµæç©ã«é¢ããæ¢ç©¶ãç¶ããããã
æ¬çºæã¯ãã®æ¢ç©¶ã«å¿ããŠéçºãããã æ¬çºæã®äžé¢ã¯ãSiO2察Al2O3ã¢ã«æ¯ãçŽïŒã
çŽïŒã§ããããŸããªãã«(1)CsããRbãããªã
矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±
ãšã(2)LiãCeãCrãAgãããªãïŒéå±çŸ€ããéž
ã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®éå±ãšã(3)ããŠçŽ ããã³
ãªã³ãããªã矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãäžå¡ãšã
ååšãããããŒãžãµã€ã€ãæ§é ã®çµæ¶æ§ã¢ã«ãã
ã±ã€é žå¡©ãŒãªã©ã€ããããªãã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«ããã
ã«ãšã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åãæ¥è§Šã§ãã觊åªçµæç©
ãæäŸããã æ¬çºæã®å¥ã®é¢ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åå€ãšæ¬¡ã®æ§é åŒ ïŒãã ãïœã¯ïŒãïŒãšå€åã§ããæ°ã§ããïŒã«ã
ãè¡šããããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ååç©ãšãåå¿ã
ããããšãããªãã¢ã«ãã«åå€ãããšãã°ã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«ã«ãããã«ãšã³ãŸãã¯ãã«ãšã³èªå°äœã®ã¢ã«
ãã«åæ³ãæäŸãããäžèšãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªçµæç©
ã®ååšã§ã次ã®æ§é åŒ ããã³ ïŒãã ãïœã¯æ§é åŒïŒïŒã§ïœã«å¯Ÿã䜿ã€ãå€ã«
çžåœããæ°ã§ããïŒã«ãã€ãŠè¡šããããå°ãªããš
ãïŒçš®ã®ååç©ãããªãçæç©ã圢æããã®ã«å
åãªæ¡ä»¶ããã³æ¹åŒã§åå¿ãè¡ãªãã奜ãŸããã¯
çæç©ã¯æ§é åŒïŒïŒã«ããè¡šããããååç©ã
ããªãã ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«ãããã«ãšã³ã®ã¡ãã«åã¯è¥å¹²ã®
ã¡ã¿ããŒã«å解çæç©ãçæããããšãã§ãããŸ
ãããçš®ã®éåžžã®è§Šåªäžã§ã¯çš®ã ã®ãã·ã¬ã³ãŸã
ã¯ä»ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åè³éŠæãããã³è¥å¹²ã®éåäœã
è³éŠæåç©è³ªããã³ã³ãŒã¯ã¹ç©è³ªããæ¬æ³ãæ±ã
ãããŠããã¹ãã¬ã³ãšãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãšå ±ã«çæ
ã§ãããæ¬çºæã¯ã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³
ïŒãŸãã¯ãã€ãŒãã«ãã«ãšã³èªå°äœã䜿ããšãã¯
ãã®èªå°äœïŒã®è£œé æ³ç¹ã«ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®è£œé æ³ã«å
ããæ段ãæäŸãããæ¬çºæã®è§Šåªã®äœ¿çšã¯ãã
ãã§è°è«ããäžã€ã®å¿ èŠæåã®äžã€ãŸãã¯ãã以
äžã®æ¬ ãã觊åªã®äœ¿çšã«æ¯ã¹ãã¹ãã¬ã³ãžã®éžæ
çããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒåçãå¢ããããªãã¡ã¹ãã¬
ã³å¯Ÿã¹ãã¬ã³ïŒãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®æ¯ãçæç©ã«ã
ããŠå¢å ãããã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®
äž¡è ã¯æçšãªçæç©ã§ãããæ¬çºæã«ãããŠæ±ã
ãããŠããããããããšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®éåžžã®äœ¿
çšã¯è±æ°ŽçŽ ã«ããã¹ãã¬ã³ã®è£œé ã§ãããããã§
ã¹ãã¬ã³ãäžå±€äŸ¡å€ããçæç©ã§ãããåŸã€ãŠã
ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®æ¶è²»ã§æ¬æ³ãã¹ãã¬ã³ã«å¯Ÿãå
ããããšã®ã§ããããšã¯æ¬çºæã®å©ç¹ã§ãããã
ã®å©ç¹ã¯äžéšåã¯ã¹ãã¬ã³éžæçãå¢å ããã®
ã§ããšãã¬ã³ã®é«æž©è±æ°ŽçŽ ã®è²»çšããã¹ãã¬ã³ã
ããšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãåé¢ããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªå¡ã®å¯žæ³
ããã³è²»çšãšå ±ã«æžå°ããäºå®ããçããããã
ã«ãéåžžã®è§Šåªã§ãã®åã®åå¿ã«ãµã€ã䜿ãäœã¡
ã¿ããŒã«æ¿åºŠã«æ¯èŒãããã€ãŒãäžäžå±€é«ãã¡ã¿
ããŒã«æ¿åºŠã§åŸã€ãŠäžå±€é«ããã«ãšã³è»¢åçã§ã
ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®éžæçããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒåçã®å¢å ã
åŸãããããã®å©ç¹ã¯ããã«äžèšã®ããã«ãã€ãŒ
ãæåã®å埪ç°è²»çšãæžå°ããããšã«ãããè²»çš
ã®ç¯çŽãå¢ãã æ¬æ³ã«åŸãã°ãã¹ãã¬ã³åœ¢æã®ããéžãã ç©è³ª
ã§å€æ§ãããŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªãããªã觊åªçµæç©ã®
ååšã§ããã«ãšã³ãŸãã¯ãã«ãšã³èªå°äœãã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«ãšæ¥è§Šãããã ããã«è©³ããã¯ããã«ãšã³ãã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãš
ãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã«ã¢ã«ãã«åããããã®çµæ¶æ§ã®ãŒ
ãªã©ã€ãã¯æ¢ç¥ã§ãããäžèšãŒãªã©ã€ããããã§
æ瀺ããããã«å€æ§ããŠäžèšåå¿ã«å¯Ÿãæ¹è¯ãã
ã觊åªãæäŸã§ããããšãèŠåºããããããšã
ã°ãç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3251897å·ããã³ç¬¬4140726å·ã«èš
èŒã®ïŒžâãŸãã¯ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ããããã³ã€ã·ã
ãã®ãžã€ãŒãã«ã»ãªãã»ãã€ã¿ãªã·ã¹ã26å·»ã
303ã312é ïŒ1972幎ïŒã«èšèŒã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãããã
ãã§èšèŒã®ããã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã äžè¬ã«ãæ¬çºæã«åŸãå€æ§ã§ããé©åœãªãŒãªã©
ã€ãã¯å¥œãŸããã¯çŽïŒãçŽïŒã®ç¯å²ã®SiO2察
Al2O3ã¢ã«æ¯ãæããããŒãžã€ãµã€ãæ§é ã®ãã®
ã§ãããæ§é çåé¡ã«é¢ããŠã¯ãäºéã®ïŒç°ãæ
ããããŸãã¯ããŒãžã€ãµã€ãæ§é ã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã
äžè¬ã«ããã§äœ¿çšããã®ã«é©ããŠããããã®ãã
ãªãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯ç¹åŸŽçã«ã¯å°ãªããšãïŒâ«ã®ã奜
ãŸããã¯å°ãªããšãïŒâ«ïŒããšãã°ïŒã15â«ïŒã®
现åçŽåŸãæãããã«ãšã³ããã³ãã®èªå°äœãå
容ããã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãæŸåºãã
ã®ã«é©ããŠãããâããã³ïŒ¹âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã
ããã§å€æ§ã䜿ãã®ã«èããé©ããŠããããšãã
ãããâåãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã âåãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«é žåç©ã®ã¢ã«æ¯
ã§è¡šããããšãã§ããã 1.0±0.2Z2/oïŒAl2O3ïŒ2.5±0.5SiO2ïŒYH2O ãã ãã¯ïŒä»¥äžã®åå䟡ãæããéœã€ãªã³ã§
ãããïœã¯ïŒºã®åå䟡ãè¡šãããã¯ïŒºã®çš®é¡ã
ãã³çµæ¶ã®æ°Žå床ã«äŸåãïŒãŸã§ã®å€ã§ãããã
ããªãŠã åã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«é žåç©ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ã§è¡šãã
ããšãã§ããã Na2OïŒAl2O3ïŒ2.5SiO2ïŒ6H2O ãããSiO2察Al2O3ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ã¯å žåçã«ã¯çŽïŒ
察ïŒãçŽïŒå¯ŸïŒãšå€åã§ããããŒãªã©ã€ãâã¯
ãããªãŠã ããã³ã«ã«ã·ãŠã 圢ã®äž¡è ã§åæ¥äžå ¥
æã§ããæ¬çºæã®ç®çã«ã¯åè ã奜ãŸããã ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯äžå±€ã·ãªã«ãå«ã¿äžå±€å°ãªãã¢
ã«ãããå«ãç¹ã§ãŒãªã©ã€ããšç°ãªããåŸã€
ãŠããã®äžå±€é«ãã·ãªã«å«éã®ããããã®ãŒãªã©
ã€ãã¯ãŒãªã©ã€ããããæ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã«å¯Ÿãäžå±€
倧ããå®å®æ§ããã€ã ããã§äœ¿ãã®ã奜ãŸãããŒãªã©ã€ãã®ãããª
ãŠã 圢ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãããªé žåç©ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ã§è¡šããã
ãã 0.9±0.2Na2OïŒAl2O3ïŒWSiO2ïŒXH2O ãã ãã¯å žåçã«ã¯çŽïŒãçŽïŒã®ã奜ãŸãã
ã¯ïŒãçŽïŒã®å€ãæããæ°ã§ãããã¯çŽïŒãŸã§
ã®å€ããã€æ°ã§ããã äžå±€å€§ããååã«å¯ŸãããŒãªã©ã€ãã®éžæç
ã¯ããã®çŽ°å寞æ³ã10ã13â«åäœãšåºãã€ãŠãã
ãããŒãªã©ã€ããšã»ãŒåäžã§ãããåãŒãªã©
ã€ãããã³å€©ç¶ããŒãžã€ãµã€ãç©è³ªã¯ãããã§äœ¿
ãã®ã«é©åœãªçŽ°å寞æ³ãšæ§é ããã€ä»ã®ãŒãªã©ã€
ãã®äŸã§ãããäžè¬ã«ã倩ç¶ç©è³ªããåŸããããŸ
ãåæãããé©åœãªæ§è³ªããã€ãŒãªã©ã€ããå©çš
ã§ãããŸãåæ¥æºããåŸãããšãã§ããŸãã¯é©åœ
ãªå®éšå®€çµæ¶æäœã«ãã補é ã§ããã äžèšã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã(1)ããšãã°ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«å
åŠåžçããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒã€ãªã³çµåãããCsã
ãRbãããªã矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®
ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã奜ãŸããã¯äžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã®
éœã€ãªã³ïŒå¥œãŸããã¯å°ãªããšãCsïŒããšãã°ã»
ã·ãŠã éœã€ãªã³ïŒãããã³Rbãšå ±ã«ãŸãã¯ãª
ãã§ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœããïŒãšã(2)LiãCeãCrã
Agãããªã矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®é
å±(M)ã奜ãŸããã¯äžèšéå±(M)ã®å°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®
éœã€ãªã³ïŒäžèšéå±ïŒãè°è«ã容æã«ãããããŸ
ãšããŠãŸãã¯åã ã«ïŒéå±çŸ€ãšããã§åŒã¶ïŒãšã
(3)ããŠçŽ ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãªã³ã奜ãŸããã¯ããŠ
çŽ ãšãªã³ãååšãããããã«å€æ§ãããããšãã°
ãçŒã«ããåœè©²ãŒãªã©ã€ããè±æ°Žãããšãçµæ¶æ§
ã¢ã«ããã±ã€é žå¡©ã®éãã现åãéè·¯ãŸãã¯ç©ºå
ã®ç¹åŸŽçç³»ãçããã CsããRbãããã³ïŒéå±çŸ€ã¯éœã€ãªã³ãšã
ãŠååšã§ããããããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ãµã€ãååšã
ããããªãŠã ãæ°ŽçŽ ããŸãã¯ä»ã®éœã€ãªã³ãéšå
亀æããããã液åªäœã䜿ãéåžžã®ã€ãªã³äº€ææ
äœã«ãã€ãŠãäžèšéå±ããŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœããã®
ãæã䟿å©ã§ããããŒãªã©ã€ãã®æçµçµæ¶æ§é ã«
圱é¿ãäžããããšãªãéœã€ãªã³ãã€ãªã³åããã©
ã®åªäœã亀æã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã亀æ溶液
ãçŽ80ãçŽ100âã«å ç±ããã®ããã€ãªã³äº€æé
床ãä¿é²ããã®ã«å¥œãŸãããå žåçã«ã¯ãã¢ã«ã«
ãªéå±ããšãã°Csããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒéå±çŸ€ã®
æ°Žããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒææ©æº¶æ¶²ã奜ãŸããã¯æ°Žæº¶æ¶²
ããã®ç®çã«äœ¿ãããé©åœãªéœã€ãªã³ãååšãã
ãŠçŽæ¥è£œé ãããŒãªã©ã€ãã䜿çšã§ãããã€ãªã³
亀æã®ããæ°ŽãŸãã¯ææ©åªäœäžã«å¯æº¶åã§ããé
å±ååç©ã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªããã³ïŒéå±çŸ€ã®ããã²ã³å
ç©ãæ°Žé žåç©ãç¡é žå¡©ãé ¢é žå¡©ãããã³ãã®æ··å
ç©ãå«ãã æ°Žã®ã»ãã«ãäžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ããšãã°Csã
ãã³ïŒéå±çŸ€ã®å«æµžã奜ãŸããã¯ã€ãªã³äº€æãèš±
ãææ©åªäœã奜ãŸããã¯æ®çºæ§ææ©åªäœã䜿çšã§
ããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãã±ãã³ããšãŒãã«ãã¢ãããã
ãã³ä»ã®æ¥µæ§ææ©æº¶å€ãããã³ãã®æ··åç©ã®ãã
ãªææ©æº¶å€ãå«ãã ãã®ãããªææ©æº¶å€ã®ä»£è¡šäŸã¯ã¢ã»ãã³ãã¡ã¿
ããŒã«ããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãã€ãœãããããŒ
ã«ãã€ãœãã¿ããŒã«ããžãšãã«ãšãŒãã«ããã³ãŒ
ã³ããã«ãšã³ããžã¡ãã«ãã«ã ã¢ããªãããã©ã
ãããã©ã³ãã¡ãã«ãšãã«ã±ãã³ãã¡ãã«ããã«
ã±ãã³ãããã³ãã®æ··åç©ãå«ãã ããŠçŽ ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãªã³æåã®åäœã¯ãã
ããšãŒãªã©ã€ããæ¥è§ŠãããŠä¿æãçããæ¹æ³ã«
ãã€ãŠãããšãã°ãããå«æµžå€ã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãäžãž
ã®ååŠåžçãã€ãªã³çµåãç©çåžçãªã©ã«ãã€ãŠ
è¡ãªãããã®ç®çã«çš®ã ã®ååç©ãšæäœãé©ããŠ
ãããããã§ãããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïœæåããã€
ãªã³äº€æ溶液äžã«å«ããããšã«ããããŸãã¯äžèš
æåã®æº¶æ¶²ããŒãªã©ã€ãç²åã®ã¹ã©ãªãŒåªäœãšã
ãŠãŸãã¯ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«åžåãããå«æµžåªäœãšããŠ
å©çšããããšã«ããã䟿å©ã«ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœã§
ãããããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°ãåäœããåªäœã¯å¿
ããããããã®å«æµžå€ãå®å šã«æº¶è§£ããå¿ èŠã¯ãª
ããäºå®ãã°ãã°æžæ¿åºäœãå«ãããšãã§ããã
ããšãã°ã¢ã«ã«ãªããã³ïŒéå±çŸ€åäœã«é©ããäž
èšæº¶æ¶²äžã®ïŒ¢ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°æåã®æº¶æ¶²ãŸã
ã¯ã¹ã©ãªãŒã䜿çšããããšãã§ããã å«æµžã«äœ¿ãããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°æåã®ä»£è¡šæº
ã¯åããŠé žã«ãªãŠã ïŒæ°Žå圢ãŸãã¯ç¡æ°Žç©åœ¢ã®
K2B4O7ïŒãåããŠé žãããªãŠã ïŒæ°Žå圢ãŸãã¯ç¡
æ°Žç©åœ¢ã®Na2B4O7ïŒãé žåããŠçŽ ïŒB2O3ïŒãããŠ
é žïŒH3BO3ïŒãããŠé žãšã¹ãã«ããšãã°ããŠé žã
ãªã¡ãã«ãããŠé žããªïœâããã«ãããŠé žããªã·
ã¯ãããã·ã«ããªã³é žããŠçŽ ïŒBPO4ïŒããªã³å
ããŠçŽ ïŒBPïŒãããŠé žãšãŒãã«ããšãã°ããªã¡ã
ãã·ããªã³ãïŒCH3OïŒ3Bãããªã³é žããã³ãã®ãš
ã¹ãã«ããšãã°ãªã³é žããªã¡ãã«
ãïŒCH3OïŒ3POãããªã³é žã«ãªãŠã ïŒK3PO4ïŒãã
ãã³ãã®æ··åç©ãå«ãã ãªã³é žããŠçŽ 氎溶液ã¯ãããŠçŽ ã容æã«äº€æã§
ããéœã€ãªã³ãšããŠãã®ååç©äžã«ååšãããã
奜ãŸããã ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ïŒCsããRbïŒãïŒéå±çŸ€ããã
ã³ïŒ¢ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°ããŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœãã
é åºã¯éèŠã§ã¯ãªããã次ã®äžè¬é åºããªãã¡ã¢
ã«ã«ãªéå±ãããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°ãïŒéå±çŸ€ã®
é åºã§ãçš®ã ã®æåãåäœããã®ã奜ãŸãããã¢
ã«ã«ãªéå±ã®äžåšã«æ¯ã¹ãã¹ãã¬ã³ããã³ãšãã«
ãã³ãŒã³ãžã®éžæçãå¢ãã®ã«æå¹ãªéã§ãã¢ã«
ã«ãªéå±ããŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœããã çè«çã«ã¯ãåãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ãããªãŠã ã®81
ïŒ ãããŸãåãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ãããªãŠã ã®71ïŒ ã
亀æå¯èœã§ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±éœã€ãªã³ã§ãããª
ãŠã éœã€ãªã³ã®å žåçã«ã¯çŽ20ãçŽ65ééïŒ ã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ40ãçŽ65ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ50
ãçŽ65ééïŒ ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã亀æããããšã«ã
ããã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±éœã€ãªã³ãæå¹éãåäœã§ã
ãã åŸã€ãŠãã»ã·ãŠã ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ãšããŠäœ¿çšã
ããšãã¯ãæçµãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªçµæç©ã®å šééåº
æºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§ãã»ã·ãŠã ééãšããŠå žåçã«
ã¯çŽ10ãçŽ30ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ20ã30éé
ïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ25ãçŽ30ééïŒ ã®ã»ã·ãŠã
å«éãïŒããšãã°äº€æã«ããïŒãŒãªã©ã€ãã«äžã
ãããã«ãå€æ§ãè¡ãªãã®ãå žåçã§ããã ã«ããžãŠã ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ãšããŠäœ¿ãå Žåã¯ã
æçµãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªçµæç©ã®å šééåºæºã§ãå çŽ
åºæºã§ãã«ããžãŠã ééãšããŠå žåçã«ã¯çŽïŒã
çŽ25ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ10ãçŽ25ééïŒ ãæã
奜ãŸããã¯çŽ15ãçŽ25ééïŒ ã®ã«ããžãŠã å«éã
ïŒããšãã°äº€æã«ããïŒãŒãªã©ã€ãã«äžãããã
ã«ãå€æ§ãè¡ãªãã®ãå žåçã§ããã ã«ãªãŠã ãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ãšããŠäœ¿ãå Žåã¯ãæ
çµãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªçµæç©ã®å šééåºæºã§ãå çŽ åº
æºã§ãã«ãªãŠã ééãšããŠå žåçã«ã¯çŽïŒãçŽ16
ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒãçŽ16ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸ
ããã¯çŽ10ãçŽ16ééïŒ ã®ã«ãªãŠã å«éããŒãªã©
ã€ãã«äžããããã«ãïŒããšãã°äº€æã«ããïŒå€
æ§ãè¡ãªãã 奜ãŸããã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ã¯ã»ã·ãŠã ã§ããããã
ããCsååã®å€§ããªå¯žæ³ã®ããã«ããããªãŠã
ãçŽ65ïŒ ä»¥äžã»ã·ãŠã ãšäº€æããããšã¯å®éäžã¯
éæãå°é£ã§ãããã»ã·ãŠã ã¯ïŒ«ãŸãã¯Rbãã
äžå±€å¡©åºæ§ã§ãããã»ã·ãŠã ããRbã®ãã¹ãŠ
ã¯Naããäžå±€å¡©åºæ§ã§ãããããã«ã觊åªã®å¡©
åºæ§åºŠãã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±äº€æã«ããå¢ãããšãæ±ã
ããããã®ç®çãéæããã«ã¯Cså«éãæ倧ã«
ããã®ã奜ãŸãããããããCs亀æåã«ïŒ«ãã
ã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒRbã§ãããªãŠã ããŸã亀æããã
ãšã«ãããCs亀æã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®å¡©åºæ§åºŠãã
ãã«å¢å ã§ããããšãããã€ãããã®åè ã®éå±
ã¯äžå±€å°ãããCsãããäžå±€å®¹æã«ãŒãªã©ã€ã
æ§é ã«é©åããããã§ãããããã§ã奜ãŸããå ·
äœåã¯ãã»ã·ãŠã 亀æåã«ïŒ«ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒ
Rbã§ãããªãŠã ã®éšå亀æãè¡ãªããäžèšç¯å²
å ã®ïŒ«ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒRbå«éãäžããããšã§
ããããã®ãããªéšå亀æã¯ïŒžâãŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«
å€æ§åã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®å šééåºæºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§
NaééãšããŠå žåçã«ã¯çŽ0.5ãçŽ4.0ééïŒ ã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ0.5ãçŽ2.0ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ
0.5ãçŽïŒééïŒ ã®ãããªãŠã å«éãçãããŒãª
ã©ã€ãã®éœã€ãªã³ç¹ã®æ®ãã¯ïŒ«ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒ
Rbéœã€ãªã³ã«ããå ããããã®ã奜ãŸããã
ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒRb亀æã«ã€ãã§ã奜ãŸããã¯
Cs亀æãè¡ãªããNaãããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒRbã¯
Csã§äº€æãããŠäžèšéã®ã»ã·ãŠã å«éãäžããã
ããããŠãCsã€ãªã³ã®æ¥è¿ã§ããªãéœã€ãªã³ç¹
ã®å¡©åºæ§åºŠãããã«å¢ããªãããäžèšCsã«é¢é£
ããæ倧ã®å¡©åºæ§åºŠãäžããããšãã§ãããã¢ã«
ã«ãªéå±ãŸãã¯ïŒéå±çŸ€ã®äº€æãä¿é²ãããã
ã«ããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã®Naã€ãªã³ã®è¥å¹²ãã¯ããã«
æ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã§éšå亀æã§ãããæ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã¯ãã
ãªãŠã ã€ãªã³ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªããã³ïŒéå±çŸ€ã€ãª
ã³ã«ããäžå±€å®¹æã«äº€æããããæ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ãŸã
ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã«è»¢æã§ããã€ãªã³ãå«ã液åªäœã§
ãŒãªã©ã€ããåŠçããããšã«ãããäžèšäº€æãé
è¡ã§ãããç¡æ©é žããã³ææ©é žã¯æ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³æºã®
代衚ã§ãããã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ååç©ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã«
転æã§ããéœã€ãªã³ã®ä»£è¡šã§ããããããã³ã¯è§Š
åªã®å¡©åºæ§åºŠãæãŸãããªãæžå°ã§ãããããã
ããªãŠã ã®ä»£ãã«ããããŠå°å ¥ããæ°ŽçŽ ã€ãªã³ã
ã¹ãŠãæçµçã«ã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªãŸãã¯ïŒéå±çŸ€ã«ãã
亀æããããã«æ³šæãã¯ããå¿ èŠãããã ããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°æåã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªããã³
ïŒéå±çŸ€ãšå ±ã«ååšãããšãã觊åªã®æŽ»æ§ïŒããš
ãã°è»¢åçïŒãæ¹è¯ããåããããããã®äžåšã«
æ¯ã¹äžèšæ¹è¯ãéæããã®ã«æå¹ãªéã§äœ¿ãã
ãã ããã§ãããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒïŒ°æåã®æå¹éã
ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœã§ãããããã®ãããªæå¹éã¯
äžèšæåãå«ããŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªã®å šééåºæºã§ã
å çŽ åºæºã§äžèšæåãåã å žåçã«ã¯çŽ0.001ã
çŽïŒééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.002ãçŽ0.5ééïŒ ã
æã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.002ãçŽ0.1ééïŒ ãæ§æãã
ããšãæå³ãããŠããã ïŒéå±çŸ€ã¯ãã®äžåšã«æ¯èŒããã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±
ïŒããªãã¡CsããRbïŒããã³ïŒ¢ããã³ïŒãŸã
ã¯ïŒïŒ°å€æ§ã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ã¹ãã¬ã³ãžã®éžæçã
å¢ãåããããããCsããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ååšã
ãããšãããã®å¹æã¯æãèãããããã§ãã©ã®
æå¹éã®ïŒéå±çŸ€ããŒãªã©ã€ãã«åäœã§ãããã
ãã®ãããªæå¹éã¯è§Šåªäžã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ïŒããš
ãã°CsïŒå¯ŸïŒéå±çŸ€ã®å€«ã ã®ã°ã©ã ååæ¯çŽïŒ
察ïŒãçŽ100察ïŒã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒå¯ŸïŒãçŽ50察
ïŒãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒå¯ŸïŒãçŽ30察ïŒãäžãã
ã®ã«ååã§ããããšãæå³ãããŠãããäžæ¹ããŒ
ãªã©ã€ãã«åäœããïŒéå±çŸ€ã®éãå šè§Šåªã®éé
åçã§è¡šããããšãã§ãããåŸã€ãŠãå šè§Šåªéé
åºæºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§ïŒéå±çŸ€ãçŽ0.01ãçŽïŒéé
ïŒ ã®ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.05ãçŽïŒééïŒ ã®ãæã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ0.1ãçŽïŒééïŒ ã®éã§ãŒãªã©ã€ãã«
åäœããã ã€ãªã³äº€æå®äºåŸã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãäžã®æ®åãããª
ãŠã ã€ãªã³å«éã¯ãå žåçã«ã¯å šãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæ
ç©ééåºæºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§çŽ0.5ãçŽ4.5ééïŒ ã
奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.5ãçŽ2.5ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯
çŽ0.5ãçŽ1.0ééïŒ ãšå€åããã 浞åºãŸãã¯äº€æã«ããå€æ§æåã®æ倱ãé¿ãã
ãããå€æ§åŸã¯é床ã®æŽæµãŸãã¯é¡äŒŒã®æäœãé¿
ããã®ãäžè¬ã«å¥œãŸããããŸãæ°ŽçŽ ãŸãã¯ä»ã®ã€
ãªã³ãšã®äº€æã«ããéœã€ãªã³ã®æ倱ããŸããããš
ãç¥ãããŠããåŠçã«è§Šåªããããããšã¯æãŸã
ããªãã å«æµžæäœã«ã€ãã§ãå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªãå žå
çã«ã¯çŽ80ãçŽ150âã§ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ90ãçŽ120
âã§ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ100ãçŽ110âã§äžè¬ã«ä¹Ÿ
ç¥ãããã也ç¥ã¯ææã«ããã å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæç©ã䜿çšåãçŒããã®ã奜
ãŸãããå¥ã®å·¥çšã§ãŸãã¯åå¿åšå ã§ãçŒãå®æœ
ã§ããå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªçµæç©ã®å ç±ãå«ãã ãçŒã¯è§Šåªã®åºäœç¶æ æ§é ãåºå®ããç±åŠçã§
ããã觊åªçµæç©ãæ§æããååŠå çŽ ã¯ãããªã
ã¯ã¹äžã«åºå®ãããã åŸã€ãŠãå žåçã«ã¯çŽ300ãçŽ600âã§ã奜ãŸã
ãã¯çŽ400ãçŽ500âã§ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ400ã
çŽ450âã§ãå žåçã«ã¯çŽïŒãçŽ24æéã奜ãŸã
ãã¯çŽïŒãçŽ16æéãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒãçŽ16
æéãçŒãè¡ãªãããçŒã®å®æœã«ãããŠã¯ã觊åª
ãå žåçã«ã¯éžãã ãçŒæž©åºŠã§ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ10
âå以äžã®é床ã§ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒâ以äžã®
é床ã§å ç±ããã ãçŒãè¡ãªãé°å²æ°ã¯å žåçã«ã¯ç©ºæ°ãçªçŽ ã
ã¢ã«ãŽã³ãããªãŠã ãªã©ã®äžã€ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã
ããªããå¿ é æ¡ä»¶ã§ã¯ãªããããçŒé°å²æ°ã移å
æµãšããŠè§Šåªçµæç©äžã«éãããšã奜ãŸããã ãçŒåŸã®ããã«èšèŒã®å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãã¯ãå žå
çã«ã¯çŽåŸçŽïŒãçŽ15â«ã®ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒ
ãçŽ13â«ïŒããšãã°10ã13â«ïŒã®å¹³å现å寞æ³ã
æããã å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªã¯ã觊åªãæ¥è§Šåºã§ç²ç¶ç©
質ãšããŠããŸãé«è¡šé¢ç©ãäžãã圢ã§äžè¬ã«äœ¿ã
äžæ§ãªæ§é äžã®ã³ãŒãã€ã³ã°ç©è³ªãšããŠãµã€ã䜿
ãçš®ã ã®ç©ç圢ã§äœ¿ãã®ã«é©åããŠãããæããš
ãã¯ã觊åªã䜿çšããããšããåå¿ãŸãã¯è§Šåªã«
æªåœ±é¿ãäžããªãçš®ã ã®è§Šåªçµåå€ãŸãã¯æ äœç©
質ã§è§Šåªãè€ååããããšãã§ããã ããã«èšèŒã®å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæç©ã¯ãã«ãšã³
ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åã«å¯ŸããŠäºæ³å€ã®æŽ»æ§ãšã¹ãã¬
ã³éžæçã瀺ããåŸã€ãŠãéåžžã®ãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åª
ã®ååšã§ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã«ãããã«ãšã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ã
ã«åã«äžè¬ã«äœ¿ãããæ¡ä»¶ãæ¡çšããããšãã§ã
ããéžã°ããç¹å®ã®åå¿æ¡ä»¶ã¯è§Šåªã®æŽ»æ§ããã³
枩床å®å®æ§ãæã転åçãåŸãããçæç©éžæç
ã®ãããªèæ ®ã«ãã圱é¿ãåããã ãã«ãšã³ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ååå¿ã¯æ°çžã§ç±ã®åœ±é¿äž
ã«å®æœããã®ã奜ãŸãããã液çžåå¿ã䜿çšãã
ããšãã§ãããåå¿ãå®æœãã枩床ç¯å²ã¯å žåç
ã«ã¯çŽ300ãçŽ550âã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ380ãçŽ480
âãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ400ãçŽ450âã®ç¯å²ã§ã
ãã å§åã¯æ¬çºæã®ã¢ã«ãã«åæ³ã«ãããŠéèŠã§ã¯
ãªãããèããé«å§ã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®å解ãæå¶
ããããã§éžæçãæ¹è¯ããããšãç¥ãããŠã
ããããã§ãæããšãã¯æžå§ãåžžå§ããŸãã¯å å§
ã§åå¿ãå®æœããããšãã§ãããã觊åªãšæ¥è§Šã
ããšãåå¿ç©ãæ°çžã§ããããã«åå¿æž©åºŠã«é¢é£
ããŠå§åãéžã¶ã®ãå žåçã§ãããããããå žå
çã«ã¯çŽïŒãçŽ70æ°å§ã§ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ25ãçŽ70
æ°å§ã§ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ50ãçŽ70æ°å§ã§åå¿ã
è¡ãªãã®ãäžè¬ã«å¥œãŸããã æ¬æ³ã¯æ°çžã§ååŠåå¿ãå®æœããã®ã«é©ããå
ã®è£ 眮ã§äŸ¿å©ã«å®æœããããåå¿ç©ãšå€æ§ãŒãªã©
ã€ãçµæç©ãæ¥è§Šãããããã«ãåºå®åºã移å
åºããŸãã¯æµååºç³»ã䜿ãåäžåå¿åšã§ãŸãã¯è€
åå¿åšã§æ¬æ³ãå®æœã§ãããåå¿ç©ã®ãã«ãšã³ãŸ
ãã¯ãã«ãšã³èªå°äœãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«ãäžè¬ã«å ç±
ããèžæ°ãšããŠåå¿åšã«å°å ¥ãããããããåå¿
ç©ã液äœãšããŠåå¿åšã«å°å ¥ããã€ãã§æ°åãã
ããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããåå¿ç©ãšå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæç©
ãšã®æ¥è§Šæéã¯åºãæäœå¯èœç¯å²ããéžã¶ããšã
ã§ããçŽ0.4ãçŽïŒç§ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒãçŽïŒç§ã
æã奜ãŸããã¯çŽãçŽïŒç§ãšå€åã§ãããåå¿æ
éã¯åå¿æ¡ä»¶äžã§æž¬å®ããåå¿ç©ã¬ã¹ãåå¿åšå
ã§å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæç©ãšæ¥è§Šããç§ã§ã®æéãš
ããŠå®çŸ©ã§ãããéžã¶åå¿æéã¯åå¿æž©åºŠããã³
æããã«ãšã³è»¢åçæ°Žæºã«äŸåããŠå€åã§ããã
é«æž©ããã³ãã«ãšã³äœè»¢åçæ°Žæºã§ã¯ãäžå±€çã
ãæ¥è§ŠæéãèŠæ±ããããããšãã°ãåå¿ç©ãã€
ãŒãæµã觊åªäžã«å žåçã«ã¯çŽ450ãçŽ9000æé
-1ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ720ãçŽ3600æé-1ãæã奜ãŸ
ããã¯çŽ900ãçŽ1800æé-1ã®ã¬ã¹æé空éé床
ïŒGHSVïŒã§éãããšãã§ããã åå¿ç©ã®ãã€ãŒãæµã¯å žåçã«ã¯ãã«ãšã³ãšã¡
ã¿ããŒã«ãããªããåå¿åšã«äŸçµŠããããã«ãšã³
ããã³ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®å€«ã ã®éã¯ããã®ã¢ã«æ¯ãšã
ãŠæå®ã§ããããã®åºæºã§ãåå¿åž¯åã«äŸçµŠãã
ãã«ãšã³å¯Ÿã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ã¯ãå žåçã«ã¯çŽ
ïŒå¯Ÿ0.05ãçŽïŒå¯Ÿ20ã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒå¯Ÿ0.1ãçŽ
ïŒå¯Ÿ10ïŒããšãã°ïŒå¯ŸïŒãçŽïŒå¯Ÿ10ïŒãæã奜ãŸã
ãã¯çŽïŒå¯Ÿ0.25ãçŽïŒå¯ŸïŒïŒããšãã°ïŒå¯ŸïŒãçŽ
ïŒå¯ŸïŒïŒã®ããã«å¶åŸ¡ããã觊åªäžã«ïŒéå±çŸ€ã
äžåšã®ãšãã«èµ·ãçšåºŠãŸã§ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®åçãç ç²
ã«ããããšãªãã«ãååŠéè«éïŒããªãã¡ãã«ãš
ã³å¯Ÿã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã¢ã«æ¯ïŒå¯ŸïŒïŒããéå°ã®ã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«éã䜿çšã§ããããšã¯æ¬çºæã®å©ç¹ã§ããã äžèšåå¿ç©ã®ã»ãã«ãçªçŽ ãã¢ã«ãŽã³ãäºé žå
ççŽ ãããªãŠã ãªã©ã®ãããªä»ã®äžæŽ»æ§åžéã¬ã¹
ãåå¿åšã«å°å ¥ããããšã奜ãŸããããã®ãããª
äžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ãåç¬ã§å·¥çšã«å°å ¥ã§ãããŸãã¯ä»ã®
ãã€ãŒãç©è³ªãšäžç·ã«ããããšãã§ããã奜ãŸã
ãã¯ãã«ãšã³å¯ŸäžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ãå žåçã«ã¯
çŽ0.4察ïŒãçŽïŒå¯ŸïŒã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.5察ïŒãçŽ
ïŒå¯ŸïŒãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.75察ïŒãçŽïŒå¯ŸïŒã
éæããã®ã«ååãªæ¹åŒã§ãäžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ãåå¿åž¯
åã«å°å ¥ããã奜ãŸããã¯äžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ã¯çªçŽ ã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæããã«ãšã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åã«é¢ãèšèŒ
ãããããã«ãšã³ã®ã¡ãã«çœ®æèªå°äœããã®åŽé
ã¢ã«ãã«åã«äœ¿çšã§ãããããã§ãæ¬æ³ã§äœ¿çšã§
ããçåæ°ŽçŽ ãã€ãŒãæºã¯æ§é åŒ ã«ããè¡šããããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®ååç©ãããª
ãããã ãïœã¯ïŒãïŒã®ã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒã®ã
æã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãçŽïŒïŒããšãã°ïŒïŒã®æ°ã§ã
ãããã«ãšã³ã®ã»ãã«ã¢ã«ãã«åã«é©ãããã®ã
ããªçåæ°ŽçŽ ãã€ãŒãæºã®ä»£è¡šäŸã¯ïœâãã·ã¬
ã³ãïœâãã·ã¬ã³ãïœâãã·ã¬ã³ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâ
ããªã¡ãã«ãã³ãŒã³ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªã¡ãã«ã
ã³ãŒã³ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããã©ã¡ãã«ãã³ãŒ
ã³ããããµã¡ãã«ãã³ãŒã³ããã³ã¿ã¡ãã«ãã³ãŒ
ã³ãªã©ãå«ããæã奜ãŸãããã«ãšã³èªå°äœã¯ã
ã·ã¬ã³é¡ã§ããã äžè¬ã«ããã«ãšã³ä»¥å€ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åã®çåæ°ŽçŽ
ãã€ãŒãæºã䜿ããšãã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åçæç©ã¯é©
åœãªã¡ãã«çœ®æã®ã¹ãã¬ã³ãŸãã¯ãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³
çæç©ã§ãããããšãã°ïŒããéå°ã®ã¡ãã«åºã¯
ã¢ã«ãã«ååå¿ã«ãã圱é¿ãåããã«æ®ãã ããã§ãããã«ãšã³èªå°äœãã®çšèªã¯ïœãïŒã
ïŒã§ããæ§é åŒïŒïŒã«ããè¡šããããå°ãªããš
ãïŒçš®ã®ååç©ãšå®çŸ©ãããã ããã«ãæ¬çºæãã¢ã«ãã«åå€ãšããŠã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«ã«é¢é£ãèšèŒããŠããããä»ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åå€ã
åäžæ¡ä»¶ç¯å²ã§äœ¿çšããããšããããããã§ãã
ãªãªããµã³ãã¡ãã©ãŒã«ããã©ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãã
ãããŸãã¯ãã«ã ã»ã«ãã«ã ã¢ã«ããã溶液ïŒã
ã«ã ã¢ã«ããã55ïŒ ãæ°Ž10ïŒ ãæ®ãã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«ïŒã®ãããªåžè²©ãã«ã ã¢ã«ããã溶液ãå«ãã
ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ïŒãã«ã ã¢ã«ã
ããã®çš®ã ã®åœ¢æ ãŸãã¯æºãã¢ã«ãã«åå€ãšããŠ
䜿çšããããšãã§ãããããã§ãããã§å®çŸ©ãã
ãã¢ã«ãã«åå€ãã®çšèªã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®ã»ãã«äž
èšç©è³ªã®ïŒçš®ãŸãã¯ãã以äžãèšèŒããããšãæ
å³ãããŠããã 次ã®å®æœäŸã¯æ¬çºæã®ç¹å¥ãªäŸãšããŠç€ºããã
ãããæ¬çºæã¯å®æœäŸã«ç€ºãç¹å¥ã®è©³çŽ°ã«éå®ã
ããªãããšãç解ãã¹ãã§ãããç¹ã«ããšãããª
ãéããå®æœäŸããã³æ现æžã®æ®ãã§éšããã³ã
ãŒã»ã³ãã¯ãã¹ãŠééåºæºã§ããã 次ã®å®æœäŸã§ã¯ããšãããªãéããéžæçãã
ã³è»¢åçã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ããŠèšç®ããã éžæçïŒ ïŒæãçæç©ã®ã¢ã«æ°ïŒåå¿ãããã«ãšã³ã®ã¢
ã«æ°Ã100 転åçïŒ ïŒåå¿ãããã€ãŒãäžã®ãã«ãšã³ã®ã¢ã«æ°ïŒãã€ãŒã
äžã®ãã«ãšã³ã®ã¢ã«æ° Ã100 åçïŒ ïŒéžæçïŒïŒ ïŒÃ転åçïŒïŒ ïŒïŒ100 å®æœäŸ ïŒãïŒ æ¬¡ã®ããã«è€ã€ãªã³äº€ææè¡ã«ãã€ãŠãã»ã·ãŠ
ã âããŠçŽ âãªã³å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãçµæç©ãã€ãã€
ãã  éš CsOHã»XH2OïŒ83ïŒ ïŒ46.69ïœïŒCsOH0.26ã¢
ã«ïŒãè±ã€ãªã³æ°Ž400mlã«å®€æž©ïŒ20âïŒã§æº¶è§£ã
ãããšã«ãããæ°Žé žåã»ã·ãŠã ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãã€ãã€
ããåŸããã溶液ãåã€ã®100mléšåã«åå²ãã
13XãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ãããœã³ïŒãïŒã¡ãã·ãŠããŒã
50ïœè©Šæãšé 次混åïŒãããŸããªãã§ïŒããïŒã€
ã®ã¹ã©ãªãŒãã€ãã€ããåã¹ã©ãªãŒã90âã§ç°ãª
ãæéãããªãã¡å€«ã 16ãïŒãïŒããã³ïŒæé浞
挬ãã次ã®éšåãæ·»å ããåã«åã¹ã©ãªãŒã®æ¶²äœ
éšåããŒãªã©ã€ãããé€å»ããã  éš ã€ãã«è±ã€ãªã³æ°Ž400mlã«æº¶ãããCsOHã»
XH2OïŒ83ïŒ ïŒ22ïœãšBPO44ïœãå«ã第ïŒæº¶æ¶²ã
ã€ãã€ãããã®æº¶æ¶²ïŒ100mlïŒãéšã«åŸã€ãŠåŠ
çãããŒãªã©ã€ããšæ··åãã¹ã©ãªãŒãã€ããã90
âã§ïŒæéå ç±ãããã¹ã©ãªãŒã®æ¶²äœéšåãé€å»
ãã亀æ溶液ã®æ®ãã®300mléšåãæ··åãã90â
ã§16æéã«ããããŒãªã©ã€ããšã®å¥ã®ã¹ã©ãªãŒã
圢æããããã®ã¹ã©ãªãŒã®æ¶²äœå 容ç©ãé€å»ãã
CsBPâãŒãªã©ã€ããæ°Ž500mlã§æŽãã110âã§
ïŒæé也ç¥ããã  éš ïŒ¢éšã«åŸã€ãŠã€ãã€ãéšåå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ããïŒ
ã€ã®è©Šæã«åå²ããåè©ŠæãLiãCeãCrãAgã®
äžã€ã®éœã€ãªã³ã§äº€æããããšã«ããããã«å€æ§
ãããåŸã€ãŠãLiClïŒæº¶æ¶²ïŒïŒãCeïŒOHïŒ4ïŒæº¶æ¶²
ïŒïŒãCrïŒNO3ïŒ3ã»9H2OïŒæº¶æ¶²ïŒïŒããŸãã¯AgNO3
ïŒæº¶æ¶²ïŒïŒãè±ã€ãªã³æ°Ž40mlã«æº¶ããããšã«ããã
åã€ã®å¥ã ã®æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãã€ããå溶液ã«æº¶ããã
åïŒéå±çŸ€ã®éã¯ã溶液ãæ·»å ããããšããéš
ããã®ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®å šééåºæºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§å
ïŒéå±çŸ€0.2ééïŒ ãåŸãã®ã«ååã§ãã€ãã ã€ãã§æº¶æ¶²ïŒãïŒã®åã ãéšããã®CsBPâ
ãŒãªã©ã€ãïŒïœãš20âã§16æéæ··åããã¹ã©ãª
ãŒãã€ãã€ããã¹ã©ãªãŒã空æ°äž110âã§ïŒæé
也ç¥ããã  éš æº¶æ¶²ïŒãïŒããã®ä¹Ÿç¥ããå€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ãè©Šæ
ã®åã ïŒc.c.ããã¬ã©ã¹ãŠãŒã«ã§åºãæ¢ãã40c.c.ã®
å åç³è±åå¿åšïŒå€åŸ0.5ã€ã³ããå åŸ3/8ã€ã³
ãïŒã«å ¥ããã觊åªã®äžæ¹ã®åå¿åšã®çŽ15c.c.ã«ã¬
ã©ã¹ãŠãŒã«ãã€ããäºç±åž¯åãšããŠåœ¹ç«ãŠãã管
ç¶çã«ããç±ãåå¿åšã«äŸçµŠãããN2ã¬ã¹ã200
c.c.ïŒåã®é床ã§åå¿åšã«éãããšã«ãããå觊åª
è©Šæãåå¿åšå ã§ãçŒããããçŒäžåå¿åšã®æž©åºŠ
ã¯430âã§ãã€ããåè©Šæã®ãçŒæéã第ïŒè¡šã«
瀺ãããçŒãå®çµãããããã«ãšã³å¯Ÿã¡ã¿ããŒã«
ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ïŒå¯Ÿ7.5ãæãããã«ãšã³ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã®
液äœæ··åç©ãããã€ãŒãäžã®ãã«ãšã³å¯ŸN2ã®ã¢
ã«æ¯ïŒå¯ŸïŒãéæããã®ã«ååãªéã§çªçŽ ãã€ãª
ã€ãŒã¬ã¹ãšäžç·ã«ããïŒããªãã¡N2ã15c.c.ïŒå
ã®é床ã§äŸçµŠããïŒãåå®æœäŸã§ãSTPã§ïŒç§ã®
å觊åªè©Šæãšã®è§Šåªæéãéæããã®ã«ååãªé
床ã§ãçæãã«ãšã³ïŒã¡ã¿ããŒã«ïŒN2ãã€ãŒã
ã425âã«ä¿ã€ãåå¿åšã®é éšã«éãããåæµåº
æµãšåçž®åšããã³è©Šæè£éåšãéãã液äœæµåºç©
ã60åéããã¬ã¹ã¯ãããã°ã©ãã€ãŒã§åæã
ããåæããçµæã第ïŒè¡šã«èŠçŽããã æ¯èŒå®æœäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒãïŒã®ïŒ¢éšã«åŸãã€ãã€ãCsBPâ
ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®è©ŠæããçŒããå®æœäŸïŒãïŒã®ïŒ€éš
ã«åŸãè©Šéšããçµæã第ïŒè¡šã«èŠçŽããã çµæã«é¢ããè°è« 第ïŒè¡šã®ããŒã¿ããã¯ãïŒçŸ€éœã€ãªã³ã®äžåšäž
ã§ã¯ããã«ãšã³è»¢åçã¯25ïŒ ã§ããããã¹ãã¬ã³
åçã¯ãããã«2.8ïŒ ã§ããïŒæ¯èŒå®æœäŸïŒïŒãã
ãã«å¯Ÿæ¯ããïŒéå±çŸ€ã®ååšã¯ãã¹ãŠã®å Žåã¹ã
ã¬ã³åçãå®è³ªäžæ¹è¯ããå®æœäŸïŒã«ãããŠã¯äž
èšæ¹è¯ã¯æ¯èŒå®æœäŸïŒã®ã¹ãã¬ã³åçã®ïŒå以äž
ã§ãããã¹ãã¬ã³åçã®ãã®ãããªæ¹è¯ã¯ãå®æœ
äŸïŒãïŒã§ã¯ãã«ãšã³è»¢åçã®ãããããã«ç ç²
ã§åŸãããäžæ¹Agã®ååšã¯ã¹ãã¬ã³åçãïŒå
以äžã«ããªãããå¯Ÿç §ãšåäžè»¢åçãéæããã
å®æœäŸããã³æ¯èŒå®æœäŸïŒã«ãããäžå±€é«ãã¡ã¿
ããŒã«å«éã®èŠå°ããã第ïŒè¡šã®ãã«ãšã³è»¢åç
ã®ãã¹ãŠã¯ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4140726å·ã§åŸãããæé«
ãã«ãšã³è»¢åçã®ïŒå以äžã§ããã
ãè¡šã
å®æœäŸ ïŒ
次ã®å®æœäŸã¯ïŒ€âãã·ã¬ã³ã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åã
æ¥è§ŠãããããCsBPâãŒãªã©ã€ãã®äº€æã«Li
ã䜿ã€ãå¹æã瀺ãã CsOHã»XH2OïŒ83ïŒ ïŒ26.33ïœãLiNO33.35ïœã
BPO45.14ïœãæ°Ž250mlã«æº¶ããããšã«ããã亀æ
溶液ãã€ãã€ããã€ãã§ãã®æº¶æ¶²ã®50mléšåãã
ããœã³13ÃïŒïŒãïŒã¡ãã·ãŠïŒãŒãªã©ã€ã10ïœãš
ïŒããã¯ãããïŒæ··åããŠã¹ã©ãªãŒãã€ããã90
âã§ïŒæéå ç±ããã液äœãã¹ã©ãªãŒããé€å»
ããæ®ãã®äº€æ溶液50mlãã€ã§ããã«é ã«ïŒåå
äžæž©åºŠã§å ç±äº€ææäœãåèŠãããåé 次ã®äº€æ
ã®å ç±æéã¯å€«ã ïŒã16ãïŒãïŒæéã§ã次ã®50
mléšåã®æ·»å åã«åã ã®æ¯æžãã液ç¶äº€æåªäœã
é€å»ããããŒãªã©ã€ãããæåŸã®50ml亀æ液ãé€
å»åŸãæ°Ž500mlã§20âã§æŽãã空æ°äž110âã§16æ
é也ç¥ããã åŸããã觊åªçŽ3.5c.c.ãå®æœäŸïŒãïŒã§äœ¿ã€ã
ç³è±åå¿åšã«å ¥ããN2ã¬ã¹æµã200c.c.ïŒåã®æµé
ã§åå¿åšãéãããšã«ããã425âã§16æéãçŒ
ããããçŒãå®çµããããã¢ã«æ¯ã§5.9察ïŒã®ïœ
âãã·ã¬ã³ãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«ãå«ã液äœãã€ãŒãæ··å
ç©ãããã€ãŒãäžã®ïœâãã·ã¬ã³å¯ŸN2ã®ã¢ã«æ¯
ïŒå¯ŸïŒãéæããã®ã«ååãªéã§çªçŽ ãã€ãªã€ãŒ
ã¬ã¹ãšäžç·ã«ããïŒããªãã¡N2ã15c.c.ïŒåã®é
床ã§äŸçµŠããïŒãåŸãããïœâãã·ã¬ã³ïŒã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«ïŒN2ãã€ãŒããšããã¹åœãSTPã§3.4ç§ã®è§Š
åªãšã®æ¥è§ŠæéïŒãŸãã¯1066VïŒïŒ¶ïŒhrã®
GHSVïŒãéæããã®ã«ååãªé床ã§ã423âã«
ä¿ã€ãåå¿åšã®é éšã«éã€ããå®æœäŸïŒãïŒã®ã
ãã«æµåºæµãéããè©Šéšããããã€ãŒãäžã®ã¡ã¿
ããŒã«åºæºã§è»¢åçã¯100ã¢ã«ïŒ ã転åã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«åºæºã§ïœâã¡ãã«ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®åçã¯7.8ïŒ ãïœ
âãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®åçã¯3.9ïŒ ã§ãã€ãããã
ã§ãäžèšã®ã€ããŠãã®å ±åãã転åçããã³åç
ã«æ¯èŒããCsBPâãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ãªããŠã å€æ§
ã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒã«è»¢åçããã³ïœâã¡ãã«ã¹ãã¬ã³ãš
ïœâãšãã«ãã«ãšã³ã®åçã®äž¡è ãå¢ãã æ¬çºæã®åçã奜ãŸããå ·äœåãæäœæ¹åŒãäž
èšæ现æžã§èšèŒããŠãããããããä¿è·ãæå³ã
ããŠããæ¬çºæã¯æããã«ããç¹å®ã®åœ¢æ ã«éå®
ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããããã¯å¶éã§ã¯ãªãäŸãš
ã¿ãªãããã¹ããã®ã ããã§ãããæ¬çºæã®ç²Ÿç¥
ããé¢ããããšãªããåœæ¥è ã«ã¯å€åœ¢ãšå€æŽãå¯
èœã§ããã
æ¥è§ŠãããããCsBPâãŒãªã©ã€ãã®äº€æã«Li
ã䜿ã€ãå¹æã瀺ãã CsOHã»XH2OïŒ83ïŒ ïŒ26.33ïœãLiNO33.35ïœã
BPO45.14ïœãæ°Ž250mlã«æº¶ããããšã«ããã亀æ
溶液ãã€ãã€ããã€ãã§ãã®æº¶æ¶²ã®50mléšåãã
ããœã³13ÃïŒïŒãïŒã¡ãã·ãŠïŒãŒãªã©ã€ã10ïœãš
ïŒããã¯ãããïŒæ··åããŠã¹ã©ãªãŒãã€ããã90
âã§ïŒæéå ç±ããã液äœãã¹ã©ãªãŒããé€å»
ããæ®ãã®äº€æ溶液50mlãã€ã§ããã«é ã«ïŒåå
äžæž©åºŠã§å ç±äº€ææäœãåèŠãããåé 次ã®äº€æ
ã®å ç±æéã¯å€«ã ïŒã16ãïŒãïŒæéã§ã次ã®50
mléšåã®æ·»å åã«åã ã®æ¯æžãã液ç¶äº€æåªäœã
é€å»ããããŒãªã©ã€ãããæåŸã®50ml亀æ液ãé€
å»åŸãæ°Ž500mlã§20âã§æŽãã空æ°äž110âã§16æ
é也ç¥ããã åŸããã觊åªçŽ3.5c.c.ãå®æœäŸïŒãïŒã§äœ¿ã€ã
ç³è±åå¿åšã«å ¥ããN2ã¬ã¹æµã200c.c.ïŒåã®æµé
ã§åå¿åšãéãããšã«ããã425âã§16æéãçŒ
ããããçŒãå®çµããããã¢ã«æ¯ã§5.9察ïŒã®ïœ
âãã·ã¬ã³ãšã¡ã¿ããŒã«ãå«ã液äœãã€ãŒãæ··å
ç©ãããã€ãŒãäžã®ïœâãã·ã¬ã³å¯ŸN2ã®ã¢ã«æ¯
ïŒå¯ŸïŒãéæããã®ã«ååãªéã§çªçŽ ãã€ãªã€ãŒ
ã¬ã¹ãšäžç·ã«ããïŒããªãã¡N2ã15c.c.ïŒåã®é
床ã§äŸçµŠããïŒãåŸãããïœâãã·ã¬ã³ïŒã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«ïŒN2ãã€ãŒããšããã¹åœãSTPã§3.4ç§ã®è§Š
åªãšã®æ¥è§ŠæéïŒãŸãã¯1066VïŒïŒ¶ïŒhrã®
GHSVïŒãéæããã®ã«ååãªé床ã§ã423âã«
ä¿ã€ãåå¿åšã®é éšã«éã€ããå®æœäŸïŒãïŒã®ã
ãã«æµåºæµãéããè©Šéšããããã€ãŒãäžã®ã¡ã¿
ããŒã«åºæºã§è»¢åçã¯100ã¢ã«ïŒ ã転åã¡ã¿ããŒ
ã«åºæºã§ïœâã¡ãã«ã¹ãã¬ã³ã®åçã¯7.8ïŒ ãïœ
âãšãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã®åçã¯3.9ïŒ ã§ãã€ãããã
ã§ãäžèšã®ã€ããŠãã®å ±åãã転åçããã³åç
ã«æ¯èŒããCsBPâãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ãªããŠã å€æ§
ã¯ã¡ã¿ããŒã«è»¢åçããã³ïœâã¡ãã«ã¹ãã¬ã³ãš
ïœâãšãã«ãã«ãšã³ã®åçã®äž¡è ãå¢ãã æ¬çºæã®åçã奜ãŸããå ·äœåãæäœæ¹åŒãäž
èšæ现æžã§èšèŒããŠãããããããä¿è·ãæå³ã
ããŠããæ¬çºæã¯æããã«ããç¹å®ã®åœ¢æ ã«éå®
ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããããã¯å¶éã§ã¯ãªãäŸãš
ã¿ãªãããã¹ããã®ã ããã§ãããæ¬çºæã®ç²Ÿç¥
ããé¢ããããšãªããåœæ¥è ã«ã¯å€åœ¢ãšå€æŽãå¯
èœã§ããã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ SiO2察Al2O3ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ïŒãïŒãæãããŸã
ïŒïŒCsããRbãããªã矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªã
ãšãïŒçš®ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ãšãïŒïŒLiãCeãCrã
AgãããªãïŒéå±ã®çŸ€ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšã
ïŒçš®ã®éå±ãšãïŒïŒããŠçŽ ããã³ãªã³ãããªã
矀ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒå¡ãšãååšããŠãã
ããŒãžã€ãµã€ãæ§é ã®çµæ¶æ§ã¢ã«ããã±ã€é žå¡©ãŒ
ãªã©ã€ããå«ãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®
ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åå€ã«ãããã«ãšã³ãŸãã¯ãã«ãšã³èª
å°äœã®åŽéã¢ã«ãã«åã«è§ŠåªäœçšãåãŒãããšã
ã§ããçµæç©ã ïŒ ã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±ããã³ïŒéå±çŸ€ããŒãªã©ã€ãäž
ã«éœã€ãªã³ãšããŠååšãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒ
é èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒ ããŠçŽ ããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«éœã€ãªã³ãšããŠååš
ãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒ ãŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ã»ã·ãŠã ãååšãããç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒ ãŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ããŠçŽ ãšãªã³ãååšãããç¹
èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒ ãªããŠã ããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ååšãããç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒ ã»ãªãŠã ããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ååšãããç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒ ã¯ãã ããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ååšãããç¹èš±è«æ±
ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒ éããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ååšãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯
å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒïŒ ãŒãªã©ã€ãã觊åªçµæç©ã®å šééåºæºã§ã
å çŽ åºæºã§10ã30ééïŒ ã®ã»ã·ãŠã å«éãæãã
âãŸãã¯ïŒ¹âåã®ãã®ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬
ïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒïŒ ïŒå¯ŸïŒã100察ïŒã®ã»ã·ãŠã 察ïŒéå±çŸ€ã®
ã°ã©ã ååæ¯ãäžããã®ã«ååãªéã§ãïŒéå±çŸ€
ããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ååšãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒ
ïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒïŒ ãŒãªã©ã€ããâåã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²
第ïŒïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒïŒ ããŠçŽ ããã³ãªã³ã觊åªçµæç©ã®å šééåº
æºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§äžèšæåã®åã 0.001ãïŒéé
ïŒ ã®éããŒãªã©ã€ãäžã«ååšãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯
å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã ïŒïŒ ãŒãªã©ã€ãã®ãããªãŠã å«éã觊åªçµæç©
ã®å šééåºæºã§ãå çŽ åºæºã§0.5ã4.5ééïŒ ã§ã
ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé èšèŒã®çµæç©ã
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/487,586 US4483937A (en) | 1983-04-22 | 1983-04-22 | Modified zeolite catalyst composition for alkylating toluene with methanol to form styrene |
US487586 | 1983-04-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS59206050A JPS59206050A (ja) | 1984-11-21 |
JPH0464739B2 true JPH0464739B2 (ja) | 1992-10-15 |
Family
ID=23936348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP59081012A Granted JPS59206050A (ja) | 1983-04-22 | 1984-04-20 | å€æ§ãŒãªã©ã€ã觊åªçµæç©ããã³ã¹ãã¬ã³åœ¢æã®ããã®ã¡ã¿ãâã«ã«ãããã«ãšã³ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åæ³ |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4483937A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0123536A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPS59206050A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA1205064A (ja) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4859217A (en) * | 1987-06-30 | 1989-08-22 | Uop | Process for separating nitrogen from mixtures thereof with less polar substances |
FR2623423B1 (fr) * | 1987-11-23 | 1990-03-30 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Nouveaux catalyseurs a base de zeolithes modifiees par des elements alcalins sous forme metallique, leur preparation et leur application a l'alkylation des derives alkyl-aromatiques |
JPH0772346B2 (ja) * | 1989-03-03 | 1995-08-02 | æ¥æ¬ç空æè¡æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | äœæµæéæå°é»èã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
US5118900A (en) * | 1989-11-20 | 1992-06-02 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Catalyst supports, catalyst systems, and olefin dimerization |
US5064794A (en) * | 1989-11-20 | 1991-11-12 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Catalyst supports, catalyst systems, and olefin dimerization |
US5464467A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1995-11-07 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Adsorptive separation of nitrogen from other gases |
KR100822698B1 (ko) * | 2000-09-18 | 2008-04-17 | ë¡ì€ë§šìŠ ë²€ì ìë í€ì§ì€ ìžìœíŒë ìŽí°ë | ê°ì°ì± ì¢ ìŽë¥Œ ì¬ì©í ë®ì ìëŽë°° ì°êž° ê¶ë š |
US6432170B1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-13 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Argon/oxygen selective X-zeolite |
AU2002328207B2 (en) * | 2001-09-14 | 2008-06-12 | Neo International Corp. | A process for making rare earth metal oxide-coated microporous materials |
US7919661B2 (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-04-05 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Method for production of styrene from toluene and syngas |
US8912109B2 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2014-12-16 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Catalyst with an ion-modified binder |
US8105969B2 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2012-01-31 | Fina Technology Inc. | Catalyst with an ion-modified binder |
US20110196182A1 (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-11 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Styrene production processes and catalysts for use therein |
US20120296142A1 (en) * | 2011-05-22 | 2012-11-22 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Addition of basic nitrogen to alkylation reactions |
US20120296140A1 (en) * | 2011-05-22 | 2012-11-22 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Metal oxide containing catalyst for side chain alkylation reactions |
US8785706B2 (en) * | 2011-05-22 | 2014-07-22 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Addition of a base to enhance product yield in alkylation reactions |
US8697593B2 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2014-04-15 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Zeolite catalyst for the alkylation of toluene with methanol |
CN103007985B (zh) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-09-24 | æž åå€§åŠ | äžç§å°éãé蜬å䞺è³ççå¬åååå ¶å¶å€ã䜿çšæ¹æ³ |
CN103406140B (zh) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-02-18 | åçµç €äžéå¢æéå ¬åž | äžç§éé蜬å䞺è³ççå¬ååãå ¶å¶å€æ¹æ³å䜿çšæ¹æ³ |
CN104557422B (zh) * | 2013-10-28 | 2018-05-11 | äžåœç³æ²¹åå·¥è¡ä»œæéå ¬åž | ç²è¯ç²é䟧éŸç·åºåæ¹æ³ |
CN104557374B (zh) * | 2013-10-28 | 2017-04-19 | äžåœç³æ²¹åå·¥è¡ä»œæéå ¬åž | çšäºç²è¯ç²é䟧éŸç·åºåçæ¹æ³ |
JP6633440B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2020-01-22 | äžè±ã±ãã«ã«æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ã¢ã«ã«ã³è±æ°ŽçŽ çšè§Šåªåã³ãããçšããã¢ã«ã±ã³ã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
CN109701593B (zh) * | 2017-10-26 | 2022-07-08 | äžåœç³æ²¹åå·¥è¡ä»œæéå ¬åž | 䟧éŸç·åºåå¬åååå ¶çšé |
CN109701592B (zh) * | 2017-10-26 | 2021-12-28 | äžåœç³æ²¹åå·¥è¡ä»œæéå ¬åž | 䟧éŸç·åºåå¬åååå ¶äœ¿çšæ¹æ³ |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4140726A (en) * | 1976-12-22 | 1979-02-20 | Monsanto Company | Zeolite catalyst and alkylation process |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3251897A (en) * | 1962-12-20 | 1966-05-17 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Alkylation of aromatic compounds in the presence of an alumino-silicate catalyst |
JPS5768144A (en) * | 1980-10-15 | 1982-04-26 | Ube Ind Ltd | Catalyst for synthesizing styrene |
-
1983
- 1983-04-22 US US06/487,586 patent/US4483937A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1984
- 1984-03-23 CA CA000450378A patent/CA1205064A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-04-19 EP EP84302708A patent/EP0123536A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-04-20 JP JP59081012A patent/JPS59206050A/ja active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4140726A (en) * | 1976-12-22 | 1979-02-20 | Monsanto Company | Zeolite catalyst and alkylation process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS59206050A (ja) | 1984-11-21 |
US4483937A (en) | 1984-11-20 |
CA1205064A (en) | 1986-05-27 |
EP0123536A1 (en) | 1984-10-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JPH0464739B2 (ja) | ||
US4463204A (en) | Process for alkylating toluene with methanol to form styrene using a low sodium content potassium/cesium modified zeolite catalyst composition | |
US4115424A (en) | Zeolite catalyst | |
EP0338734B1 (en) | Reductive alkylation process | |
US4724275A (en) | Crystalline aluminosilicates and their use in the conversion of methanol to low molecular weight hydrocarbons | |
US4483936A (en) | Modified zeolite catalyst composition for alkylating toluene with methanol to form styrene | |
US4499318A (en) | Modified zeolite catalyst composition and process for alkylating toluene with methanol to form styrene | |
US4814532A (en) | Process for producing alkylcyclopentadiene derivatives | |
EP0137757A1 (en) | Alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons | |
US5457255A (en) | Catalysts for hydrogenolytic dealkylation and use thereof | |
US5243117A (en) | Catalyst and process for the selective production of para-dialkyl substituted benzenes | |
EP0036292B1 (en) | Process for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons | |
EP0214147B1 (en) | Crystalline magnesia-silica composites and process for producing same | |
EP0289691B1 (en) | A process for synthesizing high purity p-dialkyl benzene from monoalkyl benzene by using silicon-modified catalystsi-hzsm-5 | |
US4499317A (en) | Modified zeolite catalyst composition and process for alkylating toluene with methanol to form styrene | |
US4524055A (en) | Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite and process for production thereof | |
US4673767A (en) | AMS-1B crystalline borosilicate molecular sieve-based catalyst compositions and process for toluene alkylation | |
EP0393895B1 (en) | Silicometallate molecular sieves and their use as catalysts in oxidation of alkanes | |
US4429174A (en) | Process for dehydrocoupling toluene using a modified faujasite zeolite catalyst composition | |
US5159128A (en) | Process for cracking paraffins to olefins | |
US4754083A (en) | Para selectivity in catalyzed disubstitutions of monosubstituted benzenes containing meta-directing substituents | |
JPS6238332B2 (ja) | ||
US3371110A (en) | Catalytic conversion of aromatic carboxylic acids to phenols | |
JPS58121222A (ja) | 軜ãªã¬ãã€ã³ã®è£œæ³ããã³ãã®è§Šåª | |
US4431857A (en) | Modification of hydrocarbon conversion processes over crystalline borosilicate catalysts by addition of water |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |