JPH0445363A - Absorption refrigerating and heating hot water supply machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To supply hot water even when a refrigerating and heating device is not in use and obtain a large amount of exchanged heat even by the use of a small-size heat-transfer pipe for heating feed water by a method wherein the supply of a refrigerant vapor into an evaporator is made possible and the heat-transfer pipe for heating feed water to a hot water supply device is provided in a condenser of an absorption refrigerating and heating device to preheat the feed water with the refrigerant vapor. CONSTITUTION:The subject machine consists of a combined absorption refrigerating and heating device 1 and a hot water supply device 2 and conducts the refrigerating and heating operation. A high temperature regenerator 3 and an evaporator 6 in the combined absorption refrigerating and heating device 1 are connected by a refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13 for supplying the refrigerant vapor 12' produced by the high temperature regenerator 3 into the evaporator 6 and the refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13 is provided with an opening and closing valve 14. A connecting pipe 15 is provided between the refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13 on the outlet side of the opening and closing valve 14 and a condenser 5 to supply a part of the refrigerant vapor 12' into the condenser 5. The conventional hot water supply boiler is used as the hot water supply device 2, consisting of a combustor, a boiler body 17, a water supply pipe 18 and a heat-transfer pipe 19 for heating feed water, this heat-transfer pipe 19 is provided in the condenser 5 and the feed water 20 in the pipe 19 is preheated by the refrigerant vapor 12'.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is an absorption type cooling/heating system that is used in general households, factories, etc., and is equipped with an absorption cooling/heating water machine and a water heater to perform air conditioning/heating and hot water supply. Regarding water heaters.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as an absorption-type cooling/heating/water heater capable of performing cooling/heating and hot water supply, a structure shown in FIG. 5 or 6 is known.

That is, the former is the high temperature regenerator 37. low temperature regenerator 38, condenser 39, evaporator 40, absorber 41, high temperature heat exchanger 42,
A heat exchanger 48 equipped with a heat exchanger tube 47 for heating make-up water is installed in the steam section of the high-temperature regenerator 37 of the absorption chiller-heater 46, which consists of a low-temperature heat exchanger 43, a refrigerant liquid circulation pump 44, a solution circulation pump 45, etc. By attaching it, it is possible to perform air conditioning, heating, and hot water supply.

The latter is capable of air conditioning and heating by attaching a boiler 49 for hot water supply to an absorption chiller/heater 46 having the same structure as the former, and recovers heat from the cooling water 50 of the absorption chiller/heater 46. make-up water 51 for hot water supply of boiler 49
It is designed so that it can be preheated.

In addition, in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, 52 is a refrigerant liquid (water),
53 is a solution (LiBr aqueous solution), 54 is a cooling water pipe, 55
56 is a refrigerant liquid distribution device, 57 is a solution distribution device, 58 is an air conditioning load, 59 is a hot water supply load, and 60 is a fuel.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) In the former case, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor 52' generated in the high-temperature regenerator 37 is used to heat the make-up water heating heat exchanger tube 47.
Since hot water is obtained by heating the water, there is a problem in that when the heating and cooling system is not in use, the make-up water 51 for hot water supply cannot be heated and hot water cannot be supplied.

Furthermore, if the heating and cooling operation is performed with no hot water supply load, the make-up water 51 in the make-up water heating heat transfer tube 47 will boil and become high pressure, which is extremely dangerous.

Furthermore, if damage such as a pinhole occurs in the make-up water heating heat exchanger tube 47, there is a problem in that the airtightness of the absorption chiller/heater 46 is impaired, making it inoperable.

On the other hand, in the latter case, since heat is recovered from the cooling water 5o to preheat the makeup water 51 for hot water supply, the makeup water 61 cannot be preheated during heating operation when the cooling water 50 is stopped, and as a result, the makeup water 61 cannot be refilled. There was a problem in that the hot water supply capacity decreased significantly in the winter when the water temperature was low.

Also, during cooling operation in summer, the make-up water temperature is 20 to 30°C, whereas the cooling water temperature is 40°C or less.

If the temperature difference between the two is small and the make-up water heating heat exchanger tube 47 becomes large, there is also a problem.

The present invention was devised to solve each of the above-mentioned problems, and its objectives are: (1) to be able to supply hot water even when the heating and cooling system is not in use, (2) to prevent make-up water from boiling and becoming under high pressure; To provide an absorption chiller/heater that can maintain airtightness of the absorption chiller/heater, ■ Preheat makeup water even during heating operation, and ■ obtain a large amount of heat exchange even with a small heat exchanger tube for heating makeup water. be.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the absorption type cold/heating water heater of the present invention consists of a dual-effect absorption cold/heating water machine and a water heater, and includes a heat transfer system for heating make-up water of the water heater. In an absorption type water heater that heats make-up water in pipes with an absorption chiller/heater, the refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator of the absorption chiller/heater is supplied to the evaporator. They are connected by a supply pipe, and an on-off valve is arranged in this refrigerant vapor supply pipe, and a heat transfer tube for heating makeup water of the water heater is arranged in a condenser of the absorption chiller/heater to preheat the makeup water with refrigerant steam. This is how it was done.

It is preferable that a communication pipe capable of supplying a portion of the refrigerant vapor into the condenser is interposed between the refrigerant supply pipe on the outlet side of the on-off valve and the condenser.

Preferably, the heat exchanger tube for heating makeup water is a double tube that can detect water leakage.

In addition, it is preferable to install a water leakage detector that detects water leakage into the space formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the double pipe.6 Furthermore, the heat transfer pipe for heating makeup water may be used as a heat pipe. .

(Function) During cooling operation, the on-off valve is closed, cooling water is passed through the absorber and condenser, the pump is operated to circulate the refrigerant liquid and solution, and cold water is taken out from the evaporator for cooling.

At this time, in the condenser, heat is exchanged between the room-temperature make-up water in the hot water supply heat transfer tube and the relatively high-temperature refrigerant vapor flowing into the condenser from the low-temperature regenerator, allowing a large temperature difference between the two. Moreover, it is a condensation heat transfer of refrigerant vapor. As a result, a large amount of exchange heat can be obtained even with a small heat exchanger tube for heating makeup water, and makeup water can be sufficiently preheated.

Furthermore, since the temperature of the refrigerant vapor flowing into the condenser is less than 100° C., the make-up water will not boil and become under high pressure.

Furthermore, within the condenser, the cooling capacity is increased by the cooling effect of the cooling water and the cooling effect of the make-up water, resulting in a significant improvement in the refrigeration capacity.

On the other hand, during heating operation, the on-off valve is opened and the flow of cooling water into the absorber and condenser is stopped, the pump is operated to circulate only the solution, and hot water is taken out from the evaporator to perform heating.

At this time, a part of the refrigerant vapor flowing from the high temperature regenerator into the evaporator via the refrigerant vapor supply pipe is supplied into the condenser through the communication pipe to preheat the make-up water in the make-up water heating heat transfer tube. This allows the make-up water to be sufficiently preheated even in winter when the make-up water temperature is low.

Furthermore, since the connecting pipe is provided, the temperature inside the low temperature regenerator and condenser will not drop too much and the pressure will not become low. As a result, the flow of the solution from the low-temperature regenerator to the absorber will not deteriorate.

If a double pipe is used as the heat exchanger tube for heating the make-up water and a water leakage detector is installed to detect water leakage into the space formed between the inner and outer tubes of the double tube, replenishment due to damage to the heat exchanger tube may occur. Water leakage can be detected.

As a result, it is possible to take measures before makeup water flows into the condenser, and the airtightness of the absorption chiller/heater can be maintained.

In addition, if a heat pipe is used as the heat transfer tube for heating the make-up water and heat is exchanged indirectly between the make-up water and the refrigerant vapor, the airtightness of the water absorption chiller/heater can be maintained even if the make-up water leaks due to corrosion. .

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of an absorption type water heater/cooler/heater according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is composed of a dual-effect absorption chiller/heater 1 and a water heater 2, and is capable of heating/cooling as well as hot water supply. be.

The dual effect absorption chiller/heater 1 includes a high temperature regenerator 3, a low temperature regenerator 4, a condenser 5, an evaporator 6, an absorber 7, a high temperature heat exchanger 8. Low temperature heat exchanger9. It consists of a refrigerant liquid circulation pump 10, a solution circulation pump 11, etc., which are connected to each other by piping as in conventionally known pumps.

The high-temperature regenerator 3 and the evaporator 6 are connected by a refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13 so that the refrigerant vapor 12' generated in the high-temperature regenerator 3 can be supplied into the evaporator 6. An on-off valve 14 is disposed.

Furthermore, a communication pipe 15 is interposed between the refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13 on the outlet side of the on-off valve 14 and the condenser 5 so that a part of the refrigerant vapor 12' can be supplied into the condenser 5.

On the other hand, the water heater 2 is attached to the absorption chiller/heater 1.
In this embodiment, the water heater 2 uses a normal hot water boiler.

That is, the hot water boiler includes a combustor (not shown) and a heat exchanger tube 1.
6, etc., a water supply pipe 18 connected to the heat exchanger tube 16, a heat exchanger tube 19 for heating makeup water connected to the water supply pipe 18, etc., and the heat exchanger tube 19 for heating makeup water. is arranged in the condenser 5 so that the make-up water 20 in the heat exchanger tube 19 is preheated by refrigerant vapor 12'.

In FIG. 1, 12 is a refrigerant liquid (water), 21 is a solution (LiBr aqueous solution), 22 is a cooling water pipe, 23 is a cooling water,
24 is a heat exchanger tube for the evaporator, 25 is a refrigerant liquid distribution device, 26 is a solution distribution device, 27 is an air conditioning load, 28 is a hot water supply load, and 29 is a fuel.

Next, the operation of the absorption type heating/cooling water heater will be explained.

During cooling operation, the on-off valve 14 is closed and the cooling water pipe 2 is closed.
Cooling water 23 is passed through the pumps 2 and the pumps 10 and 11 are operated.

Then, in the evaporator 6, the refrigerant liquid circulation pump 1
0, the refrigerant liquid 12 is distributed from the refrigerant liquid dispersion device 25 to the evaporator heat exchanger tube 24 and evaporated, thereby cooling the fluid 30 in the evaporator heat exchanger tube 24 . This provides cold water and provides cooling.

In the absorber 7, the concentrated solution 21 is sprayed onto the cooling water pipe 22 from the solution sprayer 26, and the liquid film formed on the outer surface of the cooling water pipe 22 is cooled by the cooling water 23 and converted into a liquid film by the evaporator 6. The refrigerant vapor 12h' (temperature around 5°C) flowing in from the tank is absorbed.

In addition, the dilute solution 21 stored at the bottom of the absorber 7 is sent to the high temperature regenerator 3 via the low temperature heat exchanger 9 and the high temperature heat exchanger 8 by the solution circulation pump 11, and is heated by an external heat source in the high temperature regenerator 3. It is heated to generate refrigerant vapor 12', which is concentrated to an intermediate concentration and then sent to the low temperature regenerator 4 via the high temperature heat exchanger 8.

The refrigerant vapor 12' (temperature of about 150 to 160°C) generated in the high-temperature regenerator 3 is sent to the low-temperature regenerator 4, and after further heating and concentrating the solution 21 in the low-temperature regenerator 4, the saturated water (
The refrigerant vapor 12'' enters the condenser 5 and is cooled by the cooling action of the cooling water 23 and makeup water 20 together with the refrigerant vapor 12'' flowing into the condenser 5 from the low temperature regenerator 4.

The refrigerant liquid 12 in the condenser 5 returns to the evaporator 6, and the solution 21 in the low-temperature regenerator 4 returns to the absorber 7.

In the condenser 5, the make-up water 20 at room temperature flows into the condenser 5 from the low temperature regenerator 4 at a relatively high temperature 21 (
Since it is preheated by the refrigerant vapor 12'' at a temperature of ~95°C) and condensed heat is transferred to the refrigerant vapor 12'', a large amount of exchanged heat can be obtained even with the small make-up water heating heat transfer tube 19, and the make-up water 20 can be preheated. is carried out sufficiently and reliably.

Furthermore, since the temperature of the refrigerant vapor 12'' is less than 100° C., the make-up water 20 will not boil to a high pressure even if the cooling operation is performed without hot water supply load.

Furthermore, in the condenser 5, in addition to the cooling effect of the cooling water 23, the makeup water 20 has a cooling effect, and the temperature of the makeup water is generally lower than the temperature of the cooling water.

The cooling capacity will be increased and the refrigeration capacity will be significantly improved.

On the other hand, during heating operation, the on-off valve 14 is opened, the overflow of the cooling water 23 to the cooling water pipe 22 is stopped, and the solution circulation pump 11 is operated.

Then, the refrigerant vapor 12' generated in the high-temperature regenerator 3 is supplied into the evaporator 6 through the refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13, and heats the fluid 30 in the evaporator heat transfer pipe 24. This provides hot water and heating.

The refrigerant vapor 12' that has heated the evaporator heat transfer tube 24 reaches a temperature of around 60°C, is absorbed into the solution 21 in the absorber 7, is sent to the high-temperature regenerator 3 and separated from the solution 21, and then becomes refrigerant vapor. It is supplied to the evaporator 6 via the supply pipe 13.

At this time, a part of the refrigerant vapor 12' in the refrigerant vapor supply pipe 13 enters the condenser 5 through the communication pipe 15, and preheats the make-up water 20 in the make-up water heating heat transfer tube 19. As a result, the make-up water 20 can be sufficiently preheated even in winter when the make-up water temperature is low. In addition, in the conventional absorption chiller/heater, when the temperature in the low-temperature regenerator 4 and the condenser 5 drops too much and the pressure becomes low, the flow of the solution 21 from the low-temperature regenerator 4 to the absorber 7 or from the condenser 5 In some cases, the flow of the refrigerant liquid 12 to the evaporator 6 becomes poor, but in the present invention, a part of the refrigerant vapor 12' is supplied into the condenser 5, so these inconveniences can be avoided. can do.

In the above embodiment, a normal pipe was used as the heat exchanger tube 19 for heating makeup water, but in other embodiments, a double pipe 31 was used as the heat exchanger tube 19 for heating makeup water, A water leakage detector 32 may be provided to detect water leakage.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a U-shaped double pipe 31 having a slit-shaped space 33 in the longitudinal direction is inserted into the condenser 5 so that both ends thereof are located outside the condenser 5. A plurality of double pipes 31 are arranged in parallel, and the inlet and outlet sides of the inner pipe 31a of each double pipe 31 are connected to the water supply pipe 18 having the partition wall 34,
Both ends of the outer tube 31b are connected to a sealed water leakage detection space 35 formed on the outer wall surface of the condenser 5, and a water leakage detector 32 such as a float switch is connected to the water leakage detection space 35 to an alarm (not shown). has been set up.

Therefore, when the make-up water 20 flowing inside the inner pipe 31a leaks due to cracks or holes caused by corrosion, the make-up water 20 flows into the water leak detection space 35 through the slit-shaped space 33, and the water leak detector 32 detected by. As a result, it becomes possible to take measures before the makeup water 2o flows into the condenser 5.

Various adverse effects caused by leakage of makeup water 20 can be prevented,
This will improve the safety and reliability of heating and cooling water heaters.

In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the heat exchanger tube 1 for heating make-up water is
Although the pipe or double pipe 31 is used for the make-up water heating heat pipe 19 in other embodiments, a heat pipe 36 may be used for the make-up water heating heat transfer tube 19.

That is, the heat pipe 36 is a pipe in which an appropriate amount of a working fluid such as water or alcohol is sealed in a sealed pipe under reduced pressure, and heat is transferred by evaporation and condensation of the working fluid and reflux of the working fluid due to capillary action. As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of heat pipes 36 are arranged in parallel in the condenser 5 so that the condensing part side is located outside the condenser 5 and the evaporating part side is located inside the condenser 5. The condensing part side of the water pipe is disposed within the water supply pipe 18.

In this way, when the heat pipe 36 is used to indirectly exchange heat between the makeup water 20 and the refrigerant vapor 12', the water supply pipe 18 is corroded by the makeup water 20.

Even if makeup water 20 leaks, the airtightness of the absorption chiller/heater 1 will not be impaired.

(Effects of the Invention) As mentioned above, the absorption type water heater/cooler/heater of the present invention consists of a dual-effect absorption chiller/heater and a water heater, and an on/off valve is provided between the high temperature regenerator and the condenser of the absorption chiller/heater. A refrigerant vapor supply pipe is installed to supply refrigerant vapor to the evaporator, and a heat transfer tube for heating the make-up water of the water heater is installed in the condenser of the absorption water heater to supply the make-up water to the refrigerant. Since preheating is performed using steam, hot water can be supplied even when air conditioning is not in use.Also, during air conditioning operation, make-up water can be preheated using refrigerant vapor, and since there is a large temperature difference between refrigerant vapor and make-up water, small-sized make-up water can be used. A large amount of heat can be exchanged with the heating heat transfer tube, and since the refrigerant vapor heats the make-up water after passing through the low-temperature regenerator, the make-up water does not boil and become under high pressure.

Furthermore, in the condenser, in addition to the cooling effect of cooling water, the cooling effect of make-up water is added, and since the make-up water temperature is generally lower than the coolant temperature, the cooling capacity increases and the refrigeration capacity improves. become.

In addition to the above-mentioned effects, the devices according to claims 2 to 5 can provide the following effects.

In the device according to claim 2, a communication pipe is interposed between the refrigerant vapor supply pipe on the outlet side of the on-off valve and the condenser, so that a part of the refrigerant vapor is supplied into the condenser. Therefore, during heating operation, the make-up water can be preheated more reliably and sufficiently even in winter when the make-up water temperature is low.

Furthermore, the temperature inside the low-temperature regenerator and the condenser will not drop too much and the pressure will become low, and the flow of the solution and refrigerant will not be adversely affected.

In the apparatus of claim 3, since a double pipe is used for the heat exchanger tube for heating the make-up water, the make-up water is less likely to leak into the condenser, and the airtightness of the absorption water chiller/heater can be maintained. , leakage of make-up water can be detected.

In the device of claim 4, since a water leakage detector is provided to detect water leakage into the space formed between the inner and outer pipes of the double pipe, leakage of make-up water due to corrosion of the double pipe is detected. Therefore, countermeasures can be taken before makeup water enters the condenser.

In the apparatus of claim 5, since the P1 pipe is used as the heat exchanger tube for heating the make-up water and heat is exchanged indirectly between the make-up water and the refrigerant vapor, leakage of the make-up water occurs due to corrosion. The airtightness of the absorption chiller/heater can be maintained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic system diagram of an absorption type cooling/heating water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the main part using double pipes as the heat exchanger tube for heating makeup water, and Fig. 3 is a Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a heavy pipe, Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main part using a heat pipe as a heat exchanger tube for heating makeup water, Figures 5 and 6 are a schematic system diagram of a conventional absorption type water heater. . 1 is an absorption chiller/heater, 2 is a water heater, 3 is a high temperature regenerator, 5 is a condenser, 6 is an evaporator, 12' is a refrigerant vapor, 13 is a refrigerant vapor supply pipe, 14 is an on-off valve, and 15 is a communication pipe. , 19 is a heat transfer tube for heating makeup water, 20 is makeup water, 31 is a double tube, 31a is an inner tube, 31b is an outer tube, 32 is a water leakage detector, 33 is a space between the inner and outer tubes, 36 is a heat pipe . Patent applicant: Co., Ltd. 1 Bear Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Consisting of a dual-effect absorption chiller/heater (1) and a water heater (2), make-up water (20) in a heat exchanger tube (19) for heating make-up water of the water heater (2) In an absorption type cooling/heating water heater in which water is heated by an absorption chiller/heater (1), the absorption chiller/heater (1)
) to supply the refrigerant vapor (12') generated in the high temperature regenerator (3) into the evaporator (6).
3), and an on-off valve (14) is arranged in this refrigerant vapor supply pipe (13), and the heat exchanger pipe (19) for heating make-up water of the water heater (2) is connected to the condensing water of the absorption chiller/heater (1). Vessel (5)
1. An absorption-type cooling/heating water heater, characterized in that the water heater is disposed inside the tank and preheats make-up water (20) with refrigerant vapor (12'). 2. Refrigerant vapor supply pipe (13) on the outlet side of the on-off valve (14)
The absorption cooling/heating system according to claim 1, further comprising a communication pipe (15) interposed between the refrigerant vapor (12') and the condenser (5) to supply a part of the refrigerant vapor (12') into the condenser (5). Water heater. 3. The absorption type cooling/heating water heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat exchanger tube (19) for heating makeup water is a double tube (31) capable of detecting water leakage. 4. Inner tube (31a) and outer tube (31b) of double tube (31)
4. The absorption type heating and cooling water heater according to claim 3, further comprising a water leakage detector (32) for detecting water leakage into the space (33) formed between the water heater and the water heater. 5. The make-up water heating heat transfer tube (19) is a heat pipe (36
) The absorption type cooling/heating water heater according to claim 1 or 2.