JPH044438Y2

JPH044438Y2 -

Info

Publication number: JPH044438Y2
Application number: JP10863785U
Authority: JP
Priority date: 1985-07-16
Filing date: 1985-07-16
Publication date: 1992-02-10
Also published as: JPS6216627U

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】〔産業上の利用分野〕本考案は防水性、意匠性にすぐれた建築、構築
物の内、外装の横張り壁体、ひいては段葺状の屋
根を形成するのに有用な建築用パネル（以下、単
にパネルという）に関する。〔従来の技術〕従来から使用されているこの種パネルとしては
特公昭51−29339号、実公昭51−11882号、
実公昭54−26649号などがある。しかしながら、
上記パネルにおいては種々の問題があつた。すな
わち、のパネル（下見板）では雨水が風で吹き
つけられたりすると単なる平板同士の連結構造の
ため雨水が裏面に漏洩し、胴縁、柱を腐食させた
り、室内や押入れに湿気を与えたりする欠点があ
つた。またのパネルでは下縁の傾斜部の立上が
り部までの長さが長いため引張り力に弱く、目地
なしの外装しか形成できない不利があつた。しか
も、本来は目地なしの外装なのに施工者の技術に
よつて目地なし、目地ありのバラバラな幅の目地
からなる外装となると共に、施工の際に立上がり
部で負傷する危険があつた。また、のパネルは
側面の形状が複雑で成形が難しく、かつ、高価と
なり、その上、平坦部に補強用のリブもなく、反
り、捩じれなどが大幅に化粧面に現れて美観を損
なう欠点があつた。また、パネルはいずれも裏打
材がなく、かつ、壁下地と表面材が直接接触する
ため、化粧面の裏面に結露が生じ、錆たり、壁下
地の腐食をまねき、壁体自体の断熱性、防音性に
欠けると共に、化粧面の変形を阻止できず、しか
もパネル自体が変形しやすく、かつ、連結力に欠
ける欠点があつた。またこの種パネルにおいて
は、落し込み型の連結構造としたパネルも知られ
ているが、防水性、施工性に劣る不利があつた。〔考案の目的〕本考案は、上述した欠点を除去するため、化粧
面部を階段状としてパネルを広幅に形成し、しか
も化粧面部の段差部の段差片の下端に窪部を形成
して目地部の外観と酷似したものとすると共に、
化粧面部の一端に設けた雄型連結部の差込縁の上
面に溝部を形成して、連結部における雨返しを図
ると共に、毛細管現象を阻止し、かつ、溝部の一
部分、または差込縁の先端に設ける補強リブの上
面にパツキング材を植設して、より防水性を向上
し、その上、延長部の先端には下方に屈曲した補
強片を形成して芯材を充填する際のガイド、また
は原料漏れを防止し、しかも、施工が容易に１人
の作業員で、しかも熟練を要さずに行うことので
きるパネルを提案するものである。〔考案の構成〕以下に、図面を用いて本考案に係るパネルの構
成について説明する。すなわち、上記パネルＡは
第１図に示すように、例えば表面処理鋼板、亜
鉛・ニツケル合金をメツキした鋼板、アルミ・亜
鉛合金メツキ鋼板（商品名ガルフアン、ガルバリ
ウム鋼板、スーパージンク）、アルミニウム板、
アルミニウム合金板、銅板、クラツド鋼板、制振
鋼板等の１種からなる金属板（平板、エンボス加
工板も含む）、または合成樹脂板をロール、また
はプレスで成形したり、あるいは押出成形などの
１種により形成した表面材１と裏面材２０間に芯
材１８を一体に充填してサンドイツチ構造とした
ものである。さらに説明すると、表面材１は第２
図に示すように、長尺状の化粧面部２と雄型連結
部４と雌型連結部１２とから構成したものであ
る。すなわち、化粧面部２は長尺状の板材の表面
の任意位置（図ではほぼ中央）に表面の長手方向
と平行に図示するように、少なくとも１段形成し
た段差部３と段差部３によつて区分した複数個の
長尺状の傾斜化粧片（以下、単に化粧片という）
２ａ，２ｂとから構成したものである。さらに説
明すると、段差部３は水平線（パネルＡを施工し
た際の下地の線と平行な線）に対し角度θ₁をなす
段差片３ａと段差片３ａの下端を内方に屈曲し、
次に外方に折り返して、例えば深さを１〜10mm位
とした窪部３ｂとから形成したものである。な
お、窪部３ｂの大きさは表面材１の折り曲げ時に
生ずる間隙の大きさ、あるいは任意に形成したも
のであり、段差片３ａの下端と化粧片２ｂ間を明
確に区分すると共に、パネルＡを施工した際に目
地部と段差部３の外観を酷似させることにより、
あたかも化粧片２ａ，２ｂの個々のパネルから壁
体を形成しているような外観とし、美観性を向上
させるものである。また段差部３はパネルＡの意
匠性を向上すると共に、パネルＡの強度を向上
し、パネルＡを広幅に形成しても反り、ペコツ
キ、捩じれを防止するのに役立つものである。雄
型連結部４は化粧面部２の一端縁を外方に突出し
て設けた差込縁５と、差込縁５を上縁とする係合
溝８と、係合溝８の下縁９を外方へ突出した延長
部１０と、延長部１０の先端を下方に屈曲した補
強片１１とから形成したものである。また差込縁
５の上側の面の途中にはパネルＡの長手方向に沿
つて設けた溝部６とその先端に設けた補強リブ
（図ではパイプ状）７とを形成する。さらに説明
すると、差込縁５は後述する雌型連結部１２に嵌
合溝１６に嵌合するものであり、また係合溝８は
嵌合溝１６の下縁１５を挿入してパネルＡの連結
構造を２重とし、係合力、防水性、気密性を向上
するものである。また溝部６はパネルＡの連結部
において雨返しと毛細管現象を阻止し、連結部の
防水性を向上すると共に、後述するパツキング材
２１を植設するためのガイドとして機能するもの
である。さらに補強片１１は延長部１０の先端の
波打ちを防止すると共に、後述する芯材１８とし
て成形体を用いる場合のガイドとなり、また芯材
１８として原料を吐出し、反応、発泡、硬化する
素材を用いた場合は、雄型連結部４の端縁からの
液漏れを防止するのに役立つものである。さら
に、補強片１１は延長部１０の端部の強度を補強
するため、釘打ちの際に延長部１０の変形を防止
する効果もある。なお、図示しないが補強片１１
の先端にはぜ状の舌片を形成することも可能であ
る。雌型連結部１２は化粧面部２の他端を内方へ
屈曲した段差片１３とその下端を内方へ屈曲して
上縁１４とし、次に外方に屈曲して下縁１５と
し、上縁１４と下縁１５とから断面をほぼＵ字状
に形成した嵌合溝１６と、下縁１５の先端をはぜ
状に屈曲した舌片１７とから形成したものであ
り、下縁１５は差込縁５を嵌合溝１６に嵌合する
際に係合溝８に挿入され、より係合力を強化する
のに役立つものである。芯材１８は、便宜上、化
粧面部２、雄型連結部４、雌型連結部１２とから
囲まれた樋状部分に配設した上部１８ａと延長部
１０より下方に膨出した膨出部１８ｂとからな
り、かつ、雌型連結部１２の近傍には切り欠き部
１９を設けたものである。この芯材１８は、主に
パネルＡに断熱性を付与するものであり、副次的
に接着剤、不燃材、クツシヨン材、防音材などの
機能を有する素材の１種からなるものである。具
体的には合成樹脂発泡体、ロツクウール、グラス
ウール、シージングボード、石膏ボード、木毛セ
メント板等からなり、原料では吐出し、成形、硬
化、自己接着させるもの、あるいは成形体などの
１種からなるものである。なお、成形体を用いる
場合には芯材１８と表面材１、裏面材２０間に接
着剤（図示せず）が必要である。さらに説明を加
えると、芯材１８の膨出部１８ｂは第４図に示す
ように、パネルＡを連結した際に、表面材１が壁
下地αに接触するのを防止し、表面材１が熱橋と
なるのを防止し、断熱性を向上するのに役立つも
のである。さらに膨出部１８ｂは防火上の弱点部
である目地部の下部にも配設されるため、防火性
をより向上させ、防火構造試験、準不燃試験にも
合格することができるパネルＡとすると共に、芯
材１８としてクツシヨン性のある素材を用いた際
は壁下地の振動が連結部分に伝達するのを防止
し、連結部がはずれるのを防止する特徴がある。
なお、芯材１８としては主に合成樹脂発泡体を用
い、例えばポリウレタンフオーム用樹脂、フエノ
ールフオーム用樹脂、ポリイソシアヌレートフオ
ーム用樹脂、およびこれらに難燃剤、難燃助剤
（硼砂、メタ硼酸ソーダ、三酸化アンチモン、炭
酸カルシウム、水酸化アルミニウム）、ベントナ
イト、パーライト粒、シラスバルーンの１種以上
を添加したものなどからなるものを用いる。また
切り欠き部１９は雌型連結部１２近傍を、係合溝
８の最奥からパネルＡの雄型連結部４の端縁まで
の距離W₁以上の距離W₂に亘つてほぼ４角形状に
切り欠いたものである。特にW₁とW₂を同じにし
た際は、施工した場合パネルＡの裏面が平坦とな
ると共に、壁下地を一面に被覆するため、より断
熱性、防火性にすぐれたパネルＡとすることがで
きる。２０は裏面材で少なくとも芯材１８の裏面
を覆つてパネルＡをサンドイツチ構造体とし、パ
ネルＡ自体の機械強度を向上すると共に、不燃シ
ート、防水膜、遮熱シート、吸水シート、防音シ
ート、パツキング材などの機能として役立つもの
であり、例えばアスベスト紙、クラフト紙、アス
フアルトフエルト、金属箔（Al、Fe、Pb、Cu）、
合成樹脂シート、ゴムシート、布シート、石膏
紙、水酸化アルミ紙、ガラス繊維不織布等の１
種、または２種以上をラミネートしたもの、ある
いは防水処理、難燃処理されたシートなどからな
るものである。２１はパツキング材であり、差込
縁５の上側の面にゴム系、ホツトメルト系、合成
樹脂系の接着剤（図示せず）によつて、パネルＡ
の長手方向と平行に帯状、または紐状に植設する
ものであり、パネルＡの連結部の防水性、パツキ
ング材、密封性を向上するためのものである。こ
のパツキング材２１は第４図に示すようにパネル
Ａに連結部のおいて上段のパネルＡに嵌合溝１６
内にて上縁１４と密着し、連結部の密封性を大幅
に向上し、壁体の内外部の空気の流通を防止し、
防水性、パツキング性を大幅に向上するものであ
る。すなわち、第４図に示すようにパネルＡの連
結部のおいて、上段のパネルＡ、または図示しな
いが隣接するパネルＡの嵌合溝１６の上縁１４と
差込縁５との空隙を部分的に閉塞し、防水性、密
封性を大幅に向上するためのものである。また、
パツキング材２１の素材は、例えば軟質フオーム
系、ゴム系、EPDM、ラテツクス等、またはこ
れらに吸水時には膨張し、乾燥時には収縮するア
クリル系の高吸水性樹脂、高熱下で結晶水を放出
し、発泡硬化する硼砂、メタ硼酸ソーダ等を配合
したものの１種からなり、弾力性とある程度の引
つ張り強度をもち、かつ、粘着性のないものであ
り、断面形状は長方形、正方形、円形、楕円形、
半円形、あるいはその変形したものからなるもの
である。さらに、このパツキング材２１はパネル
Ａの表面側に植設しても、粘着性がないため、作
業の際に手についたり、他の部材と接着すること
なく、パネルＡの製造が容易であると共に、パネ
ルＡの取り扱いが容易となる。さらに、パツキン
グ材２１は差込縁の上側に配設するため、第４図
に示すように雨水が嵌合溝１８に侵入するのを防
止し、嵌合溝１６内に雨水が貯留するのを阻止す
るのに役立つものである。さらに、パツキング材
２１の具体的な植設位置は、例えば第３図ａ〜ｇ
に示すような位置に、溝部６のもつ機能を阻止し
ない位置とする。すなわちａ〜ｅ図は溝部６内の
一部分に植設したパツキング材２１であり、ａ図
は溝部６の補強リブ７側に植設したパツキング材
２１、ｂ図は溝部６の化粧片２ａ側に植設したパ
ツキング材２１、ｃ図は溝部６の中央に植設した
パツキング材２１、ｄ図はａ図において補強リブ
７の上側にも植設したパツキング材２１、ｅ図は
ｂ図において差込縁５の化粧片２ａとの境界部分
にも植設したパツキング材２１、ｆ図は補強リブ
７の上側に植設したパツキング材２１、ｇ図は差
込縁５の化粧片２ａとの境界に植設したパツキン
グ材２１である。ここでパネルＡの各部の寸法、角度について説
明すると次のような関係になる。すなわち第１
図、第２図に示すように段差片３ａ，１３の高さ
をh₁，h₂、段差片３ａ，１３の水平線に対する角
度をθ₁，θ₂、段差片３ａ，１３の頂点３ｃ，１３
ａから芯材１８の裏面までの高さをh₃，h₄、補強
片１１の高さをh₅、延長部１０から芯材１８の裏
面までの高さをh₆、切り欠き部１９の高さをh₇、
係合溝８の最奥から補強片１１までの距離をW₁、
下縁１５の先端から切り欠き部１９の側面１９ａ
までの距離をW₂とすると、h₁≒h₂、h₃≒h₄、h₅
≦h₆、h₆≒h₇、θ₁≒θ₂、W₁＝W₂、またはW₁＜
W₂の関係である。これはパネルＡを第４図に示
すように壁下地αに施工した際に化粧面部２の段
差と横目地部の段差をほぼ同じ外観に形成するた
めであり、パネルＡにより形成した壁体に統一し
た横のラインを生み出し、美観性を向上させるた
めである。〔施工例〕いま、第１図に示すようなパネルＡを第４図に
示すように横張りして壁体を形成すると仮定す
る。なお、パネルA₁，A₂は表面材１に0.27mm厚
のカラー鋼板を用い、裏面材２０にはアルミ・ク
ラフト紙を用い、芯材１８は表面材１と裏面材２
０の間にポリイソシアヌレートフオーム用原料を
吐出し、反応、発泡させ、次にキユアして一体化
したものであり、パツキング材２１にはEPDM
を用い、溝部６の補強リブ７側に植設した。そこ
で、主柱、間柱、防水シート等からなる壁下地
（図では防水シートを使用しない場合の壁下地を
示す）αに第ｎ段目のパネルA₁の延長部１０を
釘βを介して固定する。次に第ｎ＋１段目のパネ
ルA₂の雌型連結部１２の嵌合溝１６をパネルA₁
の雄型連結部４の差込縁５に嵌挿し、第４図のよ
うな横目地部を形成するものである。また、壁体
全体を形成するには上記したような工程を土台か
ら桁に向かつて行なえばよいものである。なお、
土台部分にはスタータ（図示せず）、出、入隅等
の部分（図示せず）にはコーキング材、役物を用
いる必要がある。また屋根を形成する際も同様の
工程によつて行う。〔その他の実施例〕以上説明したのは本考案に係るパネルＡの一実
施例にすぎず、第５図ａ〜ｉ〜第８図ａ〜ｉに示
すように形成することもできる。すなわち、第５
図ａ〜ｉは段差部３の実施例であり、ａ，ｂ図は
段差片３ａと窪部３ｂとの中間、または化粧片２
ａと段差片３ａとの中間に段差強化用の面取り面
３ｄを形成した段差部３、ｃ図はθ₁を鈍角、また
は図示しないが鋭角に形成した段差部３、ｄ〜ｈ
図は窪部３ｂを図示するように形成した段差部
３、ｉ図は窪部３ｂを除去した段差部３である。
また第６図ａ〜ｎは雄型連結部４のその他の実施
例であり、ａ図は延長部１０と補強片１１との中
間に突起１１ａを形成した雄型連結部４、ｂ，ｃ
図は延長部１０の途中に段差を設けた雄型連結部
４、ｄ図は延長部１０に対し係合溝８の上縁８ａ
を角度θ₃となるように形成した雄型連結部４、ｅ
図はｄ図において溝部６の底面６ａを上縁８ａと
平行に形成した雄型連結部４、ｆ図は延長部１０
の途中、または下縁９に突条１０ａを設けた雄型
連結部４、ｇ図は延長部１０の途中、または下縁
９に溝条１０ｂを設けた雄型連結部４、ｈ，ｉ図
は突条１０ａ，溝条１０ｂを設けた雄型連結部
４、ｊ図は溝部６を２本設け、１本をパツキング
材２１の植設用とし、もう１本を雨返し、および
毛細管現象の阻止を図るようにした雄型連結部
４、ｋ，ｌ図は上縁８ａの先端、または途中に突
条８ｂを設けた雄型連結部４、ｍ，ｎ図は補強片
１１をＬ字状に形成した雄型連結部４である。な
お、ｎ図において補強片１１の高さh₅は前述した
h₆と等しい高さである。また第７図ａ〜ｏは雌型
連結部１２の実施例であり、ａ図は上縁１４の途
中に長尺方向と平行に形成した溝１４ａ、あるい
は図示しないがリブを形成し、防水、係合力の強
化を図る雌型連結部１２、ｂ図は下縁１５にａ図
と同じような溝１５ａを形成した雌型連結部１
２、ｃ，ｄ図は嵌合溝１６の最奥部を図示するよ
うに形成した雌型連結部１２、ｅ，ｆ図は段差片
１３の下端と上縁１４によつて形成される角部を
図示するように形成し、防水性、段差の強化を図
る雌型連結部１２、ｇ図は嵌合溝１６をつぼ状に
形成した雌型連結部１２、ｈ図は上縁１４と段差
片１３とをθ₄に形成した雌型連結部１２、ｉ図は
舌片１７を下はぜ状に形成した雌型連結部１２、
ｊ，ｋ図はθ₂を鋭角、または鈍角に形成した雌型
連結部１２、ｌ図は下縁１５を段差片１３より外
方に突出し、施工の際の挿入ガイドとなるように
した雌型連結部１２、ｍ〜ｏ図は下縁１５の先端
を内方に折り返し、そのまま延長した芯材挟持片
１７ａを設け、表面材１と芯材１８との一体化を
強化した雌型連結部１２である。なお、第５図ａ
〜ｉ〜第７図ａ〜ｏにおいては表面材１のみを示
し、かつ、板厚を省略している。第８図ａ〜ｉは
パネルＡのその他の実施例であり、ａ図は裏面材
２０の一端を雄型連結部４の端縁よりΔlだけ突
出したパネルＡ、ｂ図は延長部１０の裏面に無機
質の不燃性基材１８ｃを配設したパネルＡ、ｃ図
は芯材１８を複数層（同質、異質）に形成したパ
ネルＡ、ｄ図は段差部３を２段以上設けたパネル
Ａ、ｅ図はパネルＡのほぼ中央から角度θ₅で屈曲
し、ゆるいＶ字状に形成したパネルＡ、ｆ，ｇ図
はパネルＡの背面に流通溝２２を１本以上形成し
たパネルＡ、ｈ図は裏面材２０の一端を舌片１７
で挟持しないパネルＡ、ｉ図は化粧片２ａ，２ｂ
の短尺方向の両端縁、または１端縁に端面壁２３
を形成したパネルＡである。なお、図示しない
が、必要に応じて芯材１８の裏面に裏面材２０を
貼着しないパネルＡも形成できるものである。勿
論、第３図ａ〜ｇ、および第５図ａ〜ｉ〜第８図
ａ〜ｉを各々組み合わせたパネルＡとすることも
できる。〔考案の効果〕上述したように本考案に係るパネルによれば、
化粧面部に少なくとも１段以上の段差を形成し
たため、強度が十分に補強されて反り、捩じれ、
ペコツキを防止でき、また化粧面部が山状になつ
たりすることがない。雄、雌型連結部を前記し
た落し込み構造にしたため、１人でも十分に施工
でき、かつ、目地幅（横）を一定にすることがで
き、しかも防水性にすぐれる。段差部に窪部を
形成したたため、目地部の形状と酷似したものに
したたため、壁体に統一した横のラインを生み、
壁体に立体感を付与すると共に、美観性を向上す
ることができる。パネルをサンドイツチ構造と
したため、防音性、断熱性、防振性、耐火性、耐
結露性、および機械強度が大幅に向上する。芯
材を延長部裏面にも配設したため表面材が熱橋と
なるのを防止し、断熱性が大幅に向上すると共
に、防火上の弱点でもある連結部の防火性が向上
する。差込縁の上側面に溝部と補強リブを形成
したため、パネルの連結部の防水性が向上する。
延長部の端縁に補強片を形成したため、芯材と
して成形体を使用する場合のガイドとなる。芯
材として液状で吐出し、反応、発泡、硬化させる
素材を使用した場合、補強片により雄型連結部側
の液漏れを防止することができる。補強片によ
り延長部の強度が補強され、釘打ちによる変形が
ない。パツキング材自体は粘着性がないため、
他部材と接着することなく、パネルの取り扱いが
容易である。パツキング材を差込縁の上側に配
設するため、雨水が嵌合溝内に侵入せず、嵌合溝
内に貯留することがない。パネルを広幅にでき
るため、施工性に富み、しかも素材幅を有効に利
用できるので経済性にすぐれる。等の効果があ
る。 [Detailed description of the invention] [Field of industrial application] The invention is useful for forming horizontal walls for the interior and exterior of buildings and structures with excellent waterproofness and design, as well as for forming terraced roofs. This invention relates to architectural panels (hereinafter simply referred to as panels). [Prior art] This type of panel that has been used in the past includes Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-29339, Utility Model Publication No. 51-11882,
There is Jikko No. 54-26649. however,
There were various problems with the above panel. In other words, when rainwater is blown by the wind on the panel (cladding board), the rainwater leaks to the back side because it is simply a connecting structure of flat plates, corroding the rim and pillars, and adding moisture to the room and closet. There was a drawback. In addition, since the length of the sloped part of the lower edge to the rising part of the panel is long, it is weak in tensile force and has the disadvantage that only an exterior without joints can be formed. Furthermore, although the exterior was originally without joints, due to the skill of the builder, the exterior was made up of joints of varying widths, some without joints, some with joints, and there was a risk of injury at the rising parts during construction. In addition, the panel has a complicated side surface shape, making it difficult and expensive to mold.Furthermore, there are no reinforcing ribs on the flat part, so warping, twisting, etc. appear on the decorative surface, which spoils the aesthetic appearance. It was hot. In addition, since none of the panels have a backing material and the wall base and surface material are in direct contact, condensation forms on the back of the decorative surface, leading to rust and corrosion of the wall base, and the insulation of the wall itself. It lacked soundproofing properties, failed to prevent deformation of the decorative surface, was prone to deformation of the panel itself, and lacked connection strength. Among this type of panels, panels having a drop-in type connection structure are also known, but these have the disadvantage of being inferior in waterproofness and workability. [Purpose of the invention] In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention forms a wide panel with the decorative surface part shaped like a step, and also forms a depression at the lower end of the stepped piece of the stepped part of the decorative surface part to form a joint part. The appearance is very similar to that of
A groove is formed on the upper surface of the insertion edge of the male connecting part provided at one end of the decorative surface part to prevent rain from returning to the connection part and to prevent capillary action. A packing material is planted on the top surface of the reinforcing rib provided at the tip to further improve waterproofness, and a reinforcing piece bent downward is formed at the tip of the extension to serve as a guide when filling the core material. The present invention proposes a panel that prevents leakage of raw materials and that can be easily constructed by one worker without requiring any skill. [Structure of the invention] The structure of the panel according to the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the above-mentioned panel A is made of, for example, a surface-treated steel sheet, a steel sheet plated with a zinc-nickel alloy, a steel sheet plated with an aluminum-zinc alloy (trade name: Gulfuan, Galvalume Steel Sheet, Super Zinc), an aluminum sheet,
Metal plates (including flat plates and embossed plates) made of one type of aluminum alloy plate, copper plate, clad steel plate, vibration damping steel plate, etc., or synthetic resin plates are formed by rolls or presses, or by extrusion molding. A core material 18 is integrally filled between a surface material 1 and a back material 20 formed of seeds to form a sandwich structure. To explain further, the surface material 1
As shown in the figure, it is composed of an elongated decorative surface part 2, a male type connecting part 4 , and a female type connecting part 12 . That is, the decorative surface portion 2 is formed by forming at least one step portion 3 at an arbitrary position (approximately the center in the figure) on the surface of the elongated plate in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the surface. A plurality of divided long oblique decorative pieces (hereinafter simply referred to as decorative pieces)
2a and 2b. To explain further, the step part 3 has the step pieces 3a and the lower ends of the step pieces 3a bent inward at an angle θ ₁ with respect to the horizontal line (a line parallel to the line of the base when panel A is constructed).
Next, it is folded back outward to form a recessed portion 3b having a depth of, for example, about 1 to 10 mm. The size of the recess 3b is the size of the gap that occurs when the surface material 1 is bent, or it is formed arbitrarily. By making the appearance of the joint part and the step part 3 closely similar during construction,
The appearance is made to look as if a wall is formed from the individual panels of the decorative pieces 2a and 2b, thereby improving the aesthetic appearance. In addition, the step portion 3 improves the design of the panel A, improves the strength of the panel A, and helps prevent warping, wobbling, and twisting even if the panel A is formed wide. The male connecting part 4 includes an insertion edge 5 provided by protruding outward from one end edge of the decorative surface part 2, an engagement groove 8 with the insertion edge 5 as the upper edge, and a lower edge 9 of the engagement groove 8. It is formed from an outwardly protruding extension part 10 and a reinforcing piece 11 which is bent downward at the tip of the extension part 10. Furthermore, a groove 6 provided along the longitudinal direction of the panel A and a reinforcing rib (pipe-shaped in the figure) 7 provided at the tip thereof are formed midway on the upper surface of the insertion edge 5. To explain further, the insertion edge 5 fits into a fitting groove 16 of a female connecting portion 12 which will be described later, and the engagement groove 8 is used to insert the lower edge 15 of the fitting groove 16 into the panel A. The connection structure is double-layered to improve engagement force, waterproofness, and airtightness. Further, the groove portion 6 prevents rain return and capillary phenomenon at the connecting portion of the panel A, improves the waterproofness of the connecting portion, and functions as a guide for installing packing material 21, which will be described later. Furthermore, the reinforcing piece 11 prevents the tip of the extension part 10 from waving, and also serves as a guide when a molded body is used as the core material 18, which will be described later. When used, it helps to prevent liquid leakage from the edge of the male connector 4 . Furthermore, since the reinforcing piece 11 reinforces the strength of the end of the extension part 10, it also has the effect of preventing deformation of the extension part 10 during nailing. Although not shown, the reinforcing piece 11
It is also possible to form a furrow-like tongue at the tip. The female connecting part 12 includes a step piece 13 which is bent inward at the other end of the decorative surface part 2, a step piece 13 whose lower end is bent inward to form an upper edge 14, and then bent outward to form a lower edge 15. The fitting groove 16 is formed from the edge 14 and the lower edge 15 into a substantially U-shaped cross section, and a tongue piece 17 is formed by bending the tip of the lower edge 15 into a seam shape. It is inserted into the engagement groove 8 when the insertion edge 5 is fitted into the engagement groove 16, and serves to further strengthen the engagement force. For convenience, the core material 18 includes an upper part 18a disposed in a gutter-like part surrounded by the decorative surface part 2, the male connecting part 4 , and the female connecting part 12 , and a bulging part 18b bulging downward from the extension part 10. and a notch 19 is provided near the female connecting portion 12 . This core material 18 mainly provides heat insulation properties to the panel A, and is made of one type of material that has secondary functions such as an adhesive, a noncombustible material, a cushion material, and a soundproof material. Specifically, it consists of synthetic resin foam, rock wool, glass wool, sheathing board, gypsum board, wood wool cement board, etc., and the raw material consists of one type of material such as discharged, molded, hardened, self-adhesive, or molded body. It is something. In addition, when using a molded body, an adhesive (not shown) is required between the core material 18, the surface material 1, and the back material 20. To explain further, as shown in FIG. 4, the bulging portion 18b of the core material 18 prevents the surface material 1 from coming into contact with the wall base α when the panels A are connected, and prevents the surface material 1 from contacting the wall base α. This helps prevent thermal bridges and improves insulation. Furthermore, since the bulging portion 18b is also disposed at the bottom of the joint, which is a weak point in terms of fire protection, panel A can further improve fire protection and pass the fire protection structure test and quasi-noncombustibility test. In addition, when a material with cushioning properties is used as the core material 18, it is possible to prevent the vibration of the wall base from being transmitted to the connecting portion, thereby preventing the connecting portion from coming off.
The core material 18 is mainly made of synthetic resin foam, such as resin for polyurethane foam, resin for phenol foam, resin for polyisocyanurate foam, and flame retardants and flame retardant aids (borax, sodium metaborate). , antimony trioxide, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide), bentonite, pearlite grains, and shirasu balloons. The notch 19 has a substantially square shape in the vicinity of the female connecting portion 12 over a distance W 2 from the innermost part of the engagement groove 8 to the edge of the male connecting portion 4 of panel A, which is a distance W ₁ or _more. This is a cutout. In particular, when W ₁ and W ₂ are made the same, the back side of Panel A will be flat when installed, and the wall base will be covered all over, so Panel A can have better heat insulation and fire prevention properties. can. Reference numeral 20 is a back material that covers at least the back surface of the core material 18 to make the panel A a sandwich structure, which improves the mechanical strength of the panel A itself, as well as a noncombustible sheet, a waterproof membrane, a heat shield sheet, a water absorbing sheet, a soundproof sheet, and packing. It is useful as a material such as asbestos paper, kraft paper, asphalt felt, metal foil (Al, Fe, Pb, Cu),
1. Synthetic resin sheets, rubber sheets, cloth sheets, gypsum paper, aluminum hydroxide paper, glass fiber non-woven fabrics, etc.
It is made of seeds, a laminate of two or more kinds, or a sheet that has been treated with waterproofing or flame retardant treatment. 21 is a packing material, and the panel A is attached to the upper surface of the insertion edge 5 with a rubber-based, hot-melt-based, or synthetic resin-based adhesive (not shown).
It is planted in the form of a band or string parallel to the longitudinal direction of the panel A, and is used to improve the waterproofness, packing material, and sealing performance of the connection part of the panel A. As shown in FIG.
It is in close contact with the upper edge 14 inside, greatly improving the sealing performance of the connection part, and preventing the circulation of air inside and outside the wall.
This greatly improves waterproofness and packability. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, at the connection part of the panel A, the gap between the upper edge 14 of the fitting groove 16 of the upper panel A or the adjacent panel A (not shown) and the insertion edge 5 is partially removed. This is to greatly improve waterproofness and sealing performance. Also,
The material of the packing material 21 is, for example, soft foam, rubber, EPDM, latex, etc., or an acrylic super absorbent resin that expands when water is absorbed and contracts when dry, or foams by releasing crystallized water under high heat. It is made of a type of compound containing hardening borax, sodium metaborate, etc., and has elasticity and a certain degree of tensile strength, and is non-adhesive.The cross-sectional shape is rectangular, square, circular, or oval. ,
It is made of a semicircle or a modified form. Furthermore, even if this packing material 21 is planted on the surface side of panel A, it does not have adhesive properties, so it does not get on hands or adhere to other members during work, making it easy to manufacture panel A. At the same time, handling of panel A becomes easier. Furthermore, since the packing material 21 is disposed above the insertion edge, it prevents rainwater from entering the fitting groove 18 and prevents rainwater from accumulating in the fitting groove 16, as shown in FIG. It helps prevent this. Furthermore, the specific planting position of the packing material 21 is shown in FIGS. 3a to 3g, for example.
The groove portion 6 is placed in a position as shown in , which does not interfere with its function. That is, figures a to e show the packing material 21 planted in a part of the groove 6, figure a shows the packing material 21 planted on the reinforcing rib 7 side of the groove 6, and figure b shows the packing material 21 planted on the side of the decorative piece 2a of the groove 6. Fig. c shows the packing material 21 planted in the center of the groove 6, Fig. d shows the packing material 21 also planted above the reinforcing rib 7 in Fig. a, Fig. e shows the inserted packing material 21 in Fig. b. Packing material 21 is also planted on the border of the edge 5 with the decorative piece 2a, figure f shows the packing material 21 planted on the upper side of the reinforcing rib 7, figure g shows the border of the insertion edge 5 with the decorative piece 2a. This is the packing material 21 that has been planted. Here, the dimensions and angles of each part of panel A will be explained as follows. That is, the first
As shown in FIG. 2, the heights of the step pieces 3a, 13 are h ₁ , h ₂ , the angles of the step pieces 3 a, 13 with respect to the horizontal line are θ ₁ , θ ₂ , the vertices 3 c, 13 of the step pieces 3 a, 13
The height from a to the back surface of the core material 18 is h ₃ , h ₄ , the height of the reinforcing piece 11 is h ₅ , the height from the extension part 10 to the back surface of the core material 18 is h ₆ , the height of the notch portion 19 is height _h7 ,
The distance from the deepest part of the engagement groove 8 to the reinforcing piece 11 is W ₁ ,
From the tip of the lower edge 15 to the side surface 19a of the notch 19
If the distance to W ₂ is h ₁ ≒ h ₂ , h ₃ ≒ h ₄ , h ₅
≦h ₆ , h ₆ ≒h ₇ , θ ₁ ≒θ ₂ , W ₁ =W ₂ , or W ₁ <
This is a W ₂ relationship. This is to form the step of the decorative surface part 2 and the step of the horizontal joint part to have almost the same appearance when panel A is installed on the wall base α as shown in Fig. 4. This is to create a unified horizontal line and improve aesthetics. [Construction Example] Now, it is assumed that the panel A shown in FIG. 1 is laid horizontally as shown in FIG. 4 to form a wall. In addition, for panels A ₁ and A ₂ , a 0.27 mm thick color steel plate is used as the surface material 1, aluminum kraft paper is used as the back material 20, and the core material 18 is made of the surface material 1 and the back material 2.
The raw material for polyisocyanurate foam is discharged between 0 and 0, reacted and foamed, and then cured and integrated.
It was planted on the reinforcing rib 7 side of the groove 6. Therefore, we fixed the extension part 10 of the n-th panel A ₁ to the wall base α consisting of main pillars, studs, waterproof sheets, etc. (the figure shows the wall base when no waterproof sheets are used) via nails β. do. Next, insert the fitting groove 16 of the female connecting portion 12 of the n+1st panel A ₂ into the panel A _1.
It is inserted into the insertion edge 5 of the male type connecting part 4 to form a horizontal joint part as shown in FIG. Further, in order to form the entire wall body, it is sufficient to carry out the above-described steps from the base to the girder. In addition,
It is necessary to use a starter (not shown) for the base, caulking material, and accessories for the exit and entry corners (not shown). The same process is also used to form the roof. [Other Embodiments] What has been described above is only one embodiment of the panel A according to the present invention, and it can also be formed as shown in FIGS. 5 a to 8 a to i. That is, the fifth
Figures a to i are examples of the step part 3, and figures a and b are the intermediate part between the step piece 3a and the recessed part 3b, or the decorative piece 2.
A step part 3 in which a chamfered surface 3d for reinforcing the step is formed between a and the step piece 3a, a step part 3 in which θ ₁ is formed at an obtuse angle or an acute angle (not shown) in the figure c, and d to h
The figure shows the stepped portion 3 formed to show the recessed portion 3b, and the figure i shows the stepped portion 3 from which the recessed portion 3b has been removed.
6A to 6N show other embodiments of the male connecting portion 4 ; FIG.
The figure shows a male connecting part 4 with a step in the middle of the extension part 10, and the figure d shows the upper edge 8a of the engagement groove 8 with respect to the extension part 10.
The male connecting portion 4 is formed to have an angle θ ₃ , e
The figure shows a male connecting part 4 in which the bottom surface 6a of the groove part 6 is formed parallel to the upper edge 8a in figure d, and an extension part 10 in figure f.
A male connecting part 4 with a protrusion 10a provided on the middle of the extension part 10 or on the lower edge 9, Figure G shows a male connecting part 4 with a groove 10b provided on the middle of the extension part 10 or on the lower edge 9, Figures h and i. Figure 1 shows a male connecting part 4 with protrusions 10a and grooves 10b, and Figure j shows two grooves 6, one for planting the packing material 21, and the other for rain return and capillary action. The male connecting portion 4 is designed to prevent the problem, and the male connecting portion 4 shown in FIGS. The male connecting portion 4 is formed in the following manner. In addition, in figure n, the height _h5 of the reinforcing piece 11 is as described above.
The height is equal to h ₆ . FIGS. 7a to 7o show examples of the female connecting portion 12 , and FIG. 7a shows a groove 14a formed in the middle of the upper edge 14 in parallel to the longitudinal direction, or a rib (not shown) is formed, making it waterproof. A female type connecting part 12 that aims to strengthen the engagement force, Figure b shows a female type connecting part 1 with a groove 15a similar to that in Figure A formed in the lower edge 15.
Figures 2, c and d show the female connecting part 12 formed to illustrate the innermost part of the fitting groove 16, and figures e and f show the corner formed by the lower end and upper edge 14 of the stepped piece 13. The female connecting part 12 is formed as shown in the figure to strengthen waterproofness and the step. Figure G shows the female connecting part 12 with the fitting groove 16 shaped like a pot. Figure H shows the upper edge 14 and the step piece. 13 is formed at θ ₄ , the female type connecting portion 12 is shown in Fig. i, and the tongue piece 17 is formed in the shape of a lower flap.
Figures j and k show a female type connecting part 12 in which θ ₂ is formed at an acute or obtuse angle, and figure l shows a female type in which the lower edge 15 protrudes outward from the step piece 13 to serve as an insertion guide during construction. Connecting part 12 , Figures m to o show a female connecting part 12 in which the tip of the lower edge 15 is folded inward and a core material holding piece 17a is provided which is extended as it is to strengthen the integration of the surface material 1 and the core material 18. It is. In addition, Figure 5a
~i~ In Figures 7a to 7o, only the surface material 1 is shown, and the plate thickness is omitted. 8A to 8I show other embodiments of the panel A, in which FIG . Panel A in which an inorganic nonflammable base material 18c is disposed, Figure c shows panel A in which the core material 18 is formed in multiple layers (same and different), Figure d shows panel A in which two or more steps 3 are provided, Figure e shows panel A bent at an angle θ ₅ from approximately the center of panel A to form a gentle V-shape. connects one end of the back material 20 to the tongue piece 17
Panels A and i that are not clamped are decorative pieces 2a and 2b.
An end wall 23 is provided on both ends or one end in the short direction of the
This is panel A, which formed the following. Although not shown, it is also possible to form a panel A in which the back material 20 is not attached to the back surface of the core material 18, if necessary. Of course, the panel A may be a combination of each of FIGS. 3 a to 3 g and FIGS. 5 a to 8 a to 8 a to i. [Effects of the invention] As mentioned above, according to the panel according to the invention,
Because at least one level difference is formed on the decorative surface, the strength is sufficiently reinforced to prevent warping, twisting, and
It is possible to prevent flattening and prevent the decorative surface from becoming mountain-like. Since the male and female joints have the above-mentioned drop-in structure, it can be easily constructed by one person, the joint width (horizontal) can be kept constant, and it is highly waterproof. Since we formed a depression in the step, we made it closely similar to the shape of the joint, creating a unified horizontal line on the wall.
It is possible to give the wall a three-dimensional effect and improve its aesthetic appearance. Since the panels have a sandwich structure, soundproofing, heat insulation, vibration proofing, fire resistance, condensation resistance, and mechanical strength are significantly improved. Since the core material is also placed on the back side of the extension, it prevents the surface material from forming a thermal bridge, greatly improving heat insulation, and improving the fire protection of the joint, which is a weak point in terms of fire protection. Since grooves and reinforcing ribs are formed on the upper side of the insertion edge, the waterproofness of the panel connection area is improved.
Since a reinforcing piece is formed on the edge of the extension, it serves as a guide when the molded body is used as a core material. If a material that is discharged in liquid form, reacts, foams, and hardens is used as the core material, the reinforcing piece can prevent liquid leakage from the male connector side. The strength of the extension is reinforced by the reinforcing piece, so there is no deformation due to nailing. Since the packing material itself is not sticky,
The panel is easy to handle without adhering to other members. Since the packing material is disposed above the insertion edge, rainwater does not enter the fitting groove and does not accumulate in the fitting groove. Since the panel can be made wide, it is easy to construct, and the width of the material can be used effectively, making it highly economical. There are other effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本考案に係る建築用パネルの一実施例
を示す斜視図、第２図は表面材を説明する説明
図、第３図ａ〜ｇはパツキング材の植設位置を説
明する説明図、第４図はパネルを用いて形成した
壁体の縦断面の一部を示す説明図、第５図ａ〜
ｉ、第６図ａ〜ｎ、第７図ａ〜ｏ、および第８図
ａ〜ｉはその他の実施例を示す説明図である。Ａ……建築用パネル、３……段差部、４……雄
型連結部、５……差込縁、６……溝部、１１……
補強片、１２……雌型連結部、１８……芯材、１
９……切り欠き部、２０……裏面材、２１……パ
ツキング材。 Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the construction panel according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory drawing explaining the surface material, and Fig. 3 a to g are explanatory drawings explaining the planting position of the packing material. , FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a part of the longitudinal section of a wall formed using panels, and FIG.
6, a to n, FIGS. 7 a to o, and FIGS. 8 a to i are explanatory diagrams showing other embodiments. A... Architectural panel, 3... Step part, 4 ... Male connection part, 5... Insert edge, 6... Groove part, 11...
Reinforcing piece, 12 ...Female connecting part, 18...Core material, 1
9... Notch portion, 20... Back material, 21... Packing material.

Claims

[Scope of utility model registration request]

A long plate material is used as the surface material, and at least one stepped portion is formed on the surface of the surface material in parallel with the longitudinal direction.
A decorative surface portion is arranged in steps to form a step-like surface, and one end of the decorative surface portion includes an insertion edge, an engagement groove with the insertion edge as an upper edge, and a lower edge of the engagement groove. A male connecting portion is provided at the other end of the decorative surface portion, and the lower end of the step piece is bent inward and then outward. A female connecting portion is formed with a fitting groove that bends toward the side and fits with the insertion edge, and the back surface of the surface material is filled with a core material, and the back surface of the core material is covered. In the construction panel formed by integrating the backing material, a recessed portion is provided at the lower end of the stepped portion, and the core material bulges downward from the facing material, and an extension of the male connecting portion is provided. A reinforcing piece bent downward is formed on the edge of the insertion edge, and a groove and reinforcing rib are formed on the upper surface of the insertion edge, and a part of the groove or in the vicinity thereof is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the panel. An architectural panel characterized in that a non-adhesive packing material is arranged in the form of a string or band through an adhesive.