JPH0411195A - Structure of cutter plate in a shielded excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the replacement of cutter blades by arranging a cutter blade mounting arm member so that it can extend and retract back and forth from and into a sediment intake slit in a cutter plate, and by arranging a shutter plate which closes the slit when the butter blade mounting arm member retracts. CONSTITUTION:A cutter blade mounting arm member 10 projected from a shaft cylinder 9 is rotated integrally with a cutter plate 3 by a motor 19 through the intermediary of a transmission shaft 8 for excavation. When a cutter blade 11 is worn, the arm member 10 is retracted to the rear side of the cutter plate 3 through a sediment intake slit 7, and simultaneously, the slit 7 is closed by a shutter plate 3 in order to receive the ground at the face of the excavator by the entire surface of the cutter blade 3. Further, the worn cutter blade 11 mounted on the arm member 10 is replaced with a new one, and then the shutter plate 16 is opened so that the arm member 10 is extended through the opened slit 7 in order to excavate the ground again. With this arrangement, it is possible to enhance the excavating efficiency.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a structure of a cutter plate for a shield excavator, in which a cutter blade that wears out as a tunnel is excavated can be replaced during tunnel construction.

(Prior Art) As shown in Fig. 9.10, the cutter plate of a shield excavator has a face plate (a) with radially bored earth and sand intake openings (b). A holding member (d) with a plurality of canter blades (C) attached along the insertion opening (b).
) is integrally provided, and the face ground is excavated by the rotation of the cutter plate as the shield excavator is propelled, and the excavated earth and sand is taken into the machine from the earth and sand intake opening (b).

Conventionally, the above-mentioned force/cutter blade (C) for excavating the face ground is determined by setting the protruding length of the cutter plate from the face plate (a) to a certain amount depending on the geology of the ground to be excavated. A structure is adopted in which the cutter blade (C) of a certain length is integrally fixed to the holding member (d).

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, if the cutter blade (C), which is set to have a predetermined protrusion amount with respect to the face plate (a) of the cutter plate, is integrally fixed to the holding member (d), In the early days,
The excavation ability of the cutter blade (C) can be effectively demonstrated, but as the excavation progresses, the cutter blade (C)
C) is worn out, and its excavation capacity decreases significantly, eventually making it impossible to excavate.Therefore, not only can only relatively short tunnels be excavated, but the excavation efficiency gradually decreases as the excavation progresses. There is a point.

It is thought that such a problem can be solved by attaching the cutter blade (C) with the length of the cutter plate protruding from the face plate (a) increased, but if the protrusion length is increased more than necessary. If it is made too large, not only will the face become unstable, but the cutter blade (C) will break. Therefore, as mentioned above, the cutter blade (C) should be held in place by a holding member with an optimal protrusion for excavation. (d) is fixed.

In addition, if the cutter blade in a certain part becomes severely worn out due to gravel present in the excavated ground or due to changes in soil quality, the cutter blade cannot be used for subsequent excavation, resulting in a decrease in excavation efficiency. There is a problem in that it leads to

An object of the present invention is to provide a cutter plate for a shield excavator that can solve these problems.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the cutter plate of the shield excavator of the present invention is such that the cutter blade mounting arm member can freely appear and retract from the slit for taking in earth and sand provided in the cutter face plate in the front and rear directions. It has a structure in which a shutter plate is disposed on the back surface of the cutter face plate and closes the earth and sand intake slit when the cutter blade mounting arm member is recessed backward from the cutter face plate.

(Function) When a tunnel is excavated while rotating the cutter plate as the shield excavator is propelled, the cutter blade protruding from the cutter plate gradually wears out as the tunnel is excavated.

When the wear of the cutter blade progresses and the excavation capacity decreases, the arm member to which the cutter blade is attached is recessed into the back side of the cutter plate through the slit for taking in soil, and at the same time, the shutter plate takes in the earth and sand. Close the cutting slit and suppress the face ground with the entire surface of the cutter plate.

On the other hand, the worn cutter blade attached to the arm member recessed into the back side of the cutter plate from the earth and sand intake slit is removed from the arm member and replaced with a new cutter blade.

Thereafter, the shutter plate is opened and the cutter blade attachment arm member is made to protrude from the opened earth and sand intake slit, and the tunnel is excavated again.

(Embodiment) To explain an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings, (1) is a shield excavator, in which a cutter plate (3) is disposed at the front end of the opening of the skin plate (2). ) extending within the front part of the skin plate (2) (4)
It is rotatably supported via a cylindrical portion (5a) which is integrally fixed to support beams (5) protruding from all sides of the rear surface.

This cutter plate (3) has a hood part (3b) integrally provided on the periphery of a disc-shaped face plate (3a), and has a center bit (6) protruding from the center. (6) from around the hood of the cutter plate (3) (
3b) towards the rectangular soil intake slit (7).
) (7) are drilled in a radial manner (in all directions in the figure).

Further, at the center of the back surface of the cutter plate (3) on the same axis as the center bit (6), a rotation transmission shaft (8) having a spline groove (8a) formed in the axial direction on the outer circumferential surface is installed toward the rear. It is integrally protruded.

(9) is a shaft cylinder that is spline-fitted to the rotation transmission shaft (8) so as to be movable only in the front and back direction, and a cutter blade is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the shaft cylinder facing the center of each of the soil intake slits (7). A cutter having arm members (00)0ω integrally protruding radially, and protruding at small intervals in the length direction (radial direction of the cutter plate) on both sides of these arm members (10) GO). The blade (11) C11)...(11) is made to protrude forward from the face plate (3a) of the cutter plate (3) through the inside of both sides of the slit (7) for taking in soil and sand.

Furthermore, the outer ends of the arm members 00)qO) projecting radially from the shaft cylinder (8) are slightly larger than the hood part (3b) of the cutter plate (3), as shown in FIG. 6.7. ＼It is integrally fixed to the inner surface of the small diameter ring (10a),
The outer peripheral surface of this ring (10a) is the hood part (3b).
The backings (26) and (27) attached to the inner circumferential surface of the front end of the skin plate (2) are slidably connected to the backings (26, 27).

Each of the cutter blades (11) is detachably attached to the arm member 00), and the attachment/detachment means include, for example,
As shown in Fig. 8, a pair of supporting brackets (12) Q2) are provided protruding from the side surface of the front end of the arm member 00), and a cutter blade (ll) is inserted between these brackets Q2) (02).
) and insert the base end of bracket 02) and cutter blade (
The pin 03) is removably inserted into an insertion hole (not shown) formed in the base end of the pin 03).

04) is a cylinder that is fixed and supported through the center of the bulkhead (4) of the shield excavator (1), and has an appropriate length that is integrally protruded from the rear end of the shaft cylinder (9). A loft body (9a) is slidably inserted into the loft body (9a).
Pressure oil is supplied from the outside through pressure oil hoses (15a) (15b) into the front and rear parts of the cylinder part (14a) in which the piston part (9b) protruding from the rear outer peripheral surface of a) is disposed so as to be slidable back and forth. By supplying and discharging the cutter blade, the shaft cylinder (9) provided with the cutter blade mounting arm member 00) is configured to be moved forward and backward with respect to the central rotation transmission shaft (8) of the cutter plate (3). It is.

06) is a pair of shutter plates that open and close each soil intake slit (7) from the back side of the cutter plate (3), and move in the left-right direction (circumferential direction of the cutter plate) along the back side of the cutter plate (3). They are arranged freely, and each shutter plate (
+6) Connect the base ends of the hydraulic jacks θ7)07) to the back surface of the cutter plate (3) on the outside of (16), and connect the lofted tips of these hydraulic jacks (17107) to the inner end of the shutter plate 06). , and each shutter plate 06) is operated by the jack Q7) (+7).
The cutter plate (3) is configured to open and close through the gap between the jack Q7) and the cutter plate (3).

In addition, in order to enable smooth opening and closing of each shutter plate 06) without moving in a direction away from the cutter plate (3), at least two Parallel grooves in the shape of dovetail grooves are carved in the circumferential direction of the cutter plate (3), while protrusions are provided on the front surface of the shirt cutter plate (3) to slidably fit and lock into these parallel grooves. It is preferable to form the cutter plate (3) integrally or to provide an appropriate shutter plate guide on the back surface of the cutter plate (3).

Moreover, the pipe line that supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic jack 07) is
The face plate (3a) is attached to the back of the face plate (3a) of the cutter plate (3).
Pipes (not shown) leading from the center of the shaft to each hydraulic jack 07) are provided in a radial manner, and these pipings are connected to hydraulic power lines that penetrate the rotation transmission shaft (8) and the center of the loft body (9a). The supply pipe line 08) is communicated, and the hydraulic pressure supply line 08) is further communicated with a swivel joint 09) attached to the center of the rear end of the cylinder circle, and hydraulic pressure is supplied via the swivel joint 09). A plurality of hydraulic hoses Q■ are connected to each pressure oil jack 07) from the piping line 08) through the inside of the piping.
It is constructed by connecting and communicating with.

As is well known, the shield excavator (1) is equipped with a motor (21) for rotating the cutter plate (3) on the back side of the bulkhead (4), and a pinion fixed to the rotating shaft of the motor (21) for rotating the cutter plate (3). (22) is meshed with a gear (23) formed on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion (5a) of the cutter plate (3), and the front end opening is passed through the partition wall (4) so that the cutter plate (3) ) and the partition wall (4) is provided with an earth removal device (25) such as a screw conveyor.

The shield excavator (1) configured as described above has a propulsion jack (not shown) that supports reaction force on segments (not shown) assembled within the tail portion of the skin plate (2).
It is moved forward by operating the motor Q9)
A tunnel is formed while excavating the face ground by rotating the cutter plate (3) by the operation of the excavated earth and sand, and the excavated earth and sand are taken into the earth and sand intake chamber (24) through the earth and sand intake slit (7). , soil removal device (25)
Transported into the tunnel through. At this time, cutter plate (
The rotation of 3) is achieved by a rotation transmission shaft (8) protruding from the center.
A shaft cylinder (9) that is spline-fitted to the transmission shaft (8) through the shaft cylinder (9) rotates together with the cutter blade mounting arm member 00 that projects in the radial direction from the shaft cylinder (9). is the cutter plate (
3) and performs integral rotation.

Excavation of the face ground is carried out using a large number of cutter blades (3) protruding from the back side of the face plate (3a) of the cutter plate (3) to the arm member 0ω disposed in the center of the earth and sand intake slit (7).
11), and the cutter blade (10) wears out from its tip as the shield excavation @ (1) progresses.

When a tunnel of an appropriate length is excavated by the shield excavator (1) and the cutter blade (11) is worn out and the excavation capacity is almost lost, first, the hydraulic hose (15a
) By supplying and discharging pressure oil into the cylinder part (14a) of the cylinder 04) by (15b), the rotation transmission shaft (8) protruding from the rear surface of the center of the cutter plate (3) is The shaft cylinder (9) is moved back together with the mouth/throat body (9a) integrated with the shaft cylinder (9), and the cutter blade attachment arm member 00) arranged radially from the shaft cylinder (9) is removed from the earth and sand. It is inserted into the back of the cutter plate (3) through the intake slit (7).

Next, at the same time as the arm member 00) is retracted, pressure oil is supplied to each jack 07) through the hydraulic hose CO to extend the loft of the jack 071 and move the shaft plate 06) 0ω to the cutter plate (3). Move the sediment intake slit (7) along the back side in the direction of closing it,
The earth and sand intake slit (7) is closed by colliding the opposing end surfaces of the pair of cutter plates θω06), and the face ground is suppressed by the entire surface of the cutter plate (3) to prevent collapse (Figs. 3 to 5). (see figure).

On the other hand, from the slit for taking in soil (7) to the cutter plate (3),
) In the arm member θ0) recessed into the back side of
The worn cutter blade (l l) attached to the arm member θ0) is removed from the arm member 00) and replaced with a new cutter blade (11).

In this way, once the cutter blade (10) has been replaced, pressurized oil is supplied to each jack 07 through the hydraulic hose QO in the opposite direction to the supply direction, thereby contracting the loft of the jack 07) and shrinking the shaft plate (16). ) 06), then open the hydraulic hoses (15a) (15b)
By supplying and discharging pressure oil into the cylinder part (14a) of the cylinder 04) in the opposite direction to the supply direction, the rod body (9a) integrated with the shaft cylinder (9) is advanced;
The cutter blade mounting arm member 00) is positioned in the center of the earth and sand intake slit (7) so that the cutter blade (11) protrudes forward from the face plate (3a), and in this state, the tunnel can be excavated again. It will continue.

If large boulders or the like are present in the ground during tunnel excavation, the slit (7) for taking in dirt can be opened wide by retracting the cutter blade mounting arm member 0ω, and therefore the dirt can be taken in through the opening. Intake room (24)
can be taken inside.

Further, in the above embodiment, the cutter blade mounting arm member 0ω is provided radially protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft tube (9), and by moving this shaft tube (9) back and forth, the respective earth and sand intake slits (7 ), but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the arm member 00) and the cutter disposed in each earth and sand intake slit (7). It is also possible to connect the cylindrical portion (5a) of the plate (3) integrally with a hydraulic cylinder, and to make it independently emerge and retract from the earth and sand intake slit (7) by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder. Furthermore, it has a double-opening structure with two shutter plates,
The earth and sand intake slit (7) may be configured to be openable and closable on one side using a single shutter plate.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the cutter plate of the shield excavator of the present invention, the cutter blade mounting arm member is disposed in the slit for taking in earth and sand provided in the cutter face plate so as to be freely retractable in the front and rear directions, and the cutter face plate has a structure in which a shutter plate is disposed on the back surface of the cutter blade mounting arm member to close the earth and sand intake slint when the cutter blade mounting arm member retracts backward from the cutter face plate, so that the arm member can be removed by excavating a tunnel of a certain length. When the cutter blade installed in the machine becomes worn and the excavation capacity decreases, the arm member can be inserted into the machine through the soil intake slit to easily replace the cutter blade. Excavation can be done efficiently by replacing the cutter blade at regular intervals, and when replacing the cutter blade,
The arm member on which the cutter blade is attached is recessed into the back side of the cutter plate through the slit for taking in sand, and at the same time as the arm member is recessed, the slit for taking in earth and sand is closed by the shutter plate. By suppressing the entire surface of the plate, collapse of the ground and inflow from the slits for taking in soil can be reliably prevented, making it possible to excavate a tunnel stably.

Furthermore, even if the cutter blade is unexpectedly damaged due to the presence of gravel or the like during excavation, the cutter blade can be easily replaced by recessing the arm member backward through the earth and sand intake slit as described above. , tunnels can be constructed while always being in a state where efficient excavation can be performed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 8 show embodiments of the present invention.
The figure is a vertical side view showing the state in which the cutter blade is protruded forward from the slint for taking in soil and is ready for excavation, Figure 2 is its front view, and Figure 3 is the state in which the canter blade mounting arm member is retreated. Figure 4 is a simplified vertical side view with the shutter plate closed, Figure 5 is the back view, and Figure 6 is a cutter blade mounting arm radially arranged on the shaft cylinder. , FIG. 7 is a rear view, FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing how the cutter blade is installed, FIG. 9 is a simplified vertical sectional side view of the cutter plate of a conventional shield excavator, and FIG. 10 is its side view. It is a front view. (1)...Shield excavator, (3)...Cutter plate, (7)...Slit for taking in earth and sand, (8)...Rotation transmission shaft, (9)...Shaft cylinder, ( 9a)...Rod body, 00)...Cutter blade mounting arm member, (10...
・Cutter blade, G4)--Cylinder, (160...
・Shunter Hiraban, 071... Jyatsuki. Patent applicant Okumura Kikai Seizo Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Takashi Yamamoto

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A cutter blade mounting arm member is disposed in a slit for taking in soil and sand provided in the cutter face plate so as to be freely retractable in the front and back direction, and when the cutter blade mounting arm member is recessed backward from the cutter face plate on the back surface of the cutter face plate. A structure of a cutter plate for a shield excavator, characterized in that a shutter plate for closing the earth and sand intake slit is provided. (2) The cutter blade mounting arm member is arranged radially on the outer circumferential surface of the shaft cylinder, which is fitted so as to be movable only in the front and back direction with respect to the rotation transmission shaft protruding from the center of the back surface of the cutter face plate. A rod body is integrally fixed to the rear end of the shaft cylinder, and the rod body is inserted and slidably back and forth into a cylinder supported at the center of the bulkhead of the shield excavator. The structure of a cutter plate for a shield excavator according to claim (1). (3) The shield excavator according to claim (1), wherein the shutter plate is slidably disposed along the back surface of the cutter face plate and is configured to be opened and closed by a jack. Structure of cutter plate.