JPH0350409A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To achieve complete combustion of unburnt gases and malodor- emitting matter such as organic matter and bacteria by providing a recombustion chamber which is defined by a porous ceramic board serving as a radiation converter and is provided therein with a burner as a heat source, on the downstream of a combustion chamber. CONSTITUTION:On the downstream of a combustion chamber 3 is disposed a recombustion chamber 10, which is formed by two pairs of sponge form porous ceramic boards 9A, 9A' and 9B, 9B' serving as radiation converters, and is provided therein with a burner 11. The pairs of ceramic boards 9A, 9A' and 9B, 9B' are attached alternately to a bottom surface and a ceiling surface, at intervals, so that tip parts thereof are overlapped with each other on a projectional basis, to form a zigzagged passage. An induced draft fan 17 is provided on the downstream of the recombustion chamber 10, and the space therebetween communicates with the atmosphere through a valve 21 and with air supply pipes 16 through an air duct 18 and valves 15. A dry air supply pipe 24 is branched from the air duct 18 through a valve 25, a communicates with the combustion chamber 3 through a jet hole 23.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention is applicable to kitchen waste, leftover food, fruit scraps, fish dregs,
Related to garbage incineration equipment for garbage, combustible waste, etc.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a typical conventional garbage incinerator. Garbage 01 is introduced into the combustion chamber 03 from the input port 02 and accumulates on the lattice-shaped stoker 04. When a fire is lit from the bonfire 05, 1A of air 07 flows out from the ash outlet/ventilation opening 06 below, and the garbage 01 on the stoker 04 is burned. The combustible gas o8 enters the re-combustion chamber 010 through the passage o9, where unburned gas and unburnt garbage are combusted once again, and then discharged to the outside from the chimney 011.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The conventional garbage incinerator has the following problems.

(1) Since combustion in the reburning chamber cannot be controlled, it is difficult to completely burn unburned gas and garbage.

(2) Since combustion air is supplied into the combustion chamber at ambient temperature, the temperature inside the combustion chamber and reburning chamber becomes uneven, and the bad odor remains as it mixes with low-temperature unburned gas and water vapor. tJF is released from the chimney.

The present invention solves the problems of conventional garbage incinerators as described above, and completely burns unburned gas, organic matter that causes bad odors, germs, etc., and releases only sterile, odorless, harmless, and smokeless exhaust gas. The aim is to provide equipment.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention provides an arrangement between an upper incineration chamber into which materials to be incinerated are introduced and a combustion In the incinerator, the incinerator is divided into a lower air chamber to which air is supplied; A re-combustion chamber partitioned by a plurality of porous ceramic plates downstream of the combustion chamber and having a burner inside; an induction fan installed downstream of the re-combustion chamber; An incinerator characterized by comprising: an air duct that mixes air with exhaust gas and supplies the mixture to the air chamber; and an upper part into which the materials to be incinerated are thrown by a plate-shaped inclined stoker having a large number of ventilation holes. In the incinerator, the incinerator is divided into a combustion chamber and a lower air chamber to which combustion air is supplied. a re-combustion chamber partitioned by a high quality ceramic plate and having a burner therein; an induction fan installed downstream of the re-combustion chamber; and an air duct communicating with the air chamber from an air suction port via a damper; an air preheater provided in the air duct between the damper and the air chamber and heated by the exhaust gas exiting the re-combustion chamber; and an air preheater provided in the air duct between the damper and the air chamber; The present invention proposes an incinerator characterized by having a recirculation pipe connected to the air duct, and a damper different from the above-mentioned damper provided in the recirculation pipe.

[For production]

In the first aspect of the invention, the afterburning chamber is provided downstream of the combustion chamber and is partitioned by a porous ceramic wall as a radiation converter and equipped with a burner as a heat source inside. Unburned gas and organic matter in the exhaust gas,
Bacteria and other germs are completely burned in the high-temperature re-combustion chamber where heat is trapped by a radiant converter, rendering them harmless, odorless, and smokeless. Furthermore, part of the exhaust gas downstream of the afterburning chamber is mixed with fresh air and sent to the combustion chamber via the air chamber as high-temperature drying and combustion air, which speeds up the drying of the incinerated materials in the combustion chamber and combusts them. make it good. At the same time, since the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the re-combustion chamber rises quickly (particularly advantageous in the case of a warming amplifier), the burner capacity within the re-combustion chamber can be reduced. Furthermore, when combustion begins in the stoker 2, the incinerated material can be slowly sent downward by a stirring device installed close to the top of the stoker.

Also in the second aspect of the invention, since a re-combustion chamber similar to the above is provided downstream of the combustion chamber, unburned gas, organic matter, germs, etc. are completely combusted and rendered harmless.

It becomes odorless and smokeless. In the second invention, the combustion air exchanges heat with the exhaust gas in the air preheater downstream of the re-combustion chamber, so the exhaust gas is reduced to 11! ! temperature decreases, while the combustion air supplied to the combustion chamber becomes hotter. Therefore, combustion is improved, and the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the re-combustion chamber is increased, making it possible to reduce the burner capacity within the re-combustion chamber.

In the second invention, the 11f1 that burns garbage also includes:
When warming up the inside of the furnace from an atmospheric temperature state, a part of the hot air discharged from tJF is recirculated by the induction fan, so that the temperature of the air flowing inside the furnace can be quickly raised. This recirculation line cants and switches to fresh air when the waste begins to be incinerated. However, once the actual combustion begins, a switch can be made to supply sufficient 0°.

〔Example〕

No. 111J is the first fruit of the present invention! ! FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the coffin showing an example, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the afterburning chamber in the same example.

A combustion chamber 3 for burning garbage 1 is formed above a stoker 5 having a large number of air holes 4, and a garbage inlet 2 is provided on the side of the combustion chamber 3. An air chamber 7 is formed below the stoker 5, and three air supply pipes 16 are opened therein.

A combustion air suction port 12 is also provided on the rear wall of the combustion chamber 3. And above the stoker 5 is the stirring device 2 in the center.
0 is set. On the downstream side of the combustion chamber 3, there is a re-combustion chamber 10 formed by two pairs of sponge-like porous ceramics (98198', 9B, 9B') having a large number of small holes, which are radiation converters. was installed, and the same re-combustion chamber 10
A burner 11 is provided inside. The paired porous ceramic plates 9A, 9A' and 9B, 9B' are
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, they are attached alternately to the bottom and ceiling at intervals, and their tips are arranged to overlap each other in projection, creating a zigzag-shaped passage. is forming. An induction fan 17 is provided downstream of the reburning chamber lo. The re-combustion chamber 10 and the induction fan 17 communicate with the atmosphere via a valve 21, and also communicate with the air supply pipe 16 via an air duct 8 and a valve 15. Also, from this air duct 18, a valve 25
A dry air supply pipe 24 branches off through the injection hole 23 and communicates with the combustion chamber 3 through an injection hole 23 .

The garbage 1 thrown into the garbage combustion chamber 3 from the input port 2 accumulates on the upper surface of a stoker 5 having a large number of air holes 4 and burns while gradually moving downward by gravity.

When combustion starts on the stoker 5, the incinerated material is slowly sent downward and ashed by the stirring device 20 installed near the upper center of the stoker 5.

The combustion exhaust gas 8 generated in the combustion chamber 3 flows into the reburning VL chamber 1o through a zigzag passage formed by the porous ceramics t, '29A, 98'. Combustion chamber 1
The unburned gas in the exhaust gas 8 that has flowed into the exhaust gas 8 is uniformly heated by the burner 11 and completely heated. At this time, the large number of holes on the surface of the porous ceramic plate traps unburned soot in the combustion gas, so that the exhaust gas is completely combusted in the re-combustion chamber IO. The reburning bIt chamber 10 includes two pairs of porous ceramic plates 9A facing each other on both sides with the burner 11 in between,
9A', 9B, and 9B' are arranged, and the tips of these ceramic plates overlap projectively to form a bent zigzag gas passage, so that the afterburning chamber loO
The heat of the gas heated by the burner 11 inside is re-burned by thermal radiation between two pairs of porous ceramic plates Vt=chamber 1.
Since the exhaust gas is confined within the temperature range 0, a uniform high temperature is maintained inside the repurposing and burning chamber 10, and the exhaust gas is effectively combusted.

The temperature of the high-temperature gas 22 leaving the re-combustion chamber 10 is approximately 700'C.
Therefore, it is necessary to lower the temperature to the allowable temperature limit of the induction fan 17. Therefore, the atmospheric air 14 is mixed while being adjusted by the valve 21, and the temperature is set to the allowable suction temperature of the induction fan 17 (approximately 3
50°C to 500'C) or below. Then, a part of the mixed gas 19 is introduced into the air supply pipe 16 through the air duct 18 as drying and combustion air.

The amount is regulated by valve 15.

Then, the air chamber 7 below the stoker 5 flows into the combustion chamber 3 through the air hole 4 of the stoker 5, and is used for drying and burning the garbage.

Note that oxygen necessary for combustion is supplied as combustion air 13 from the combustion air suction port 12 . This combustion air I3 requires an air amount of approximately 25% OFA (overfire air).

A part of the high temperature (approximately 350°C) mixed gas 19 is further branched from the air duct 1-18 to the dry air supply pipe 24, and is used for drying or as OFA through the injection holes 23 and the dust 1.
is sprayed on top of the The amount is regulated by a valve 25 and contributes to speeding up drying when there is a lot of moisture in the waste.

According to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The exhaust gas heated by the burner 11 in the re-combustion chamber lO becomes uniform and high temperature, so that unburned gas and
Organic substances and germs that cause bad odors are completely combusted, so the exhaust gas is completely sterile.

Becomes harmless and odorless.

(2) Since the reburning chamber 10 is formed of porous ceramic plates combined in a stepped manner, a gas passage is always secured and will not be clogged with ash.

(3) Complete combustion can be achieved because unburned soot is captured and burned on the surface of the porous ceramic.

Therefore, no smoke is generated.

(4) After adjusting a portion of the high-temperature gas downstream of the re-combustion chamber IO to an appropriate temperature, it is introduced into the combustion chamber 3 as drying and combustion air, so that the incinerated materials (garbage) can be dried. Effective and burns quickly.

Furthermore, the stirring device 20 on the stoker 5 makes the temperature of the material to be incinerated uniform, resulting in good combustion.
The temperature of the exhaust gas entering the interior also increases, and the capacity of the burner 11 can be lowered. Even if a part of the gas downstream of the re-combustion chamber 10 is recirculated, since it has been completely combusted as described above, no corrosive components remain and corrosion of the air duct 8 etc. does not occur.

Next, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the same parts as in FIGS. 1 and 2 are given the same reference numerals, and detailed explanations will be omitted.
.

In this second embodiment, an air preheater 31 is provided on the downstream side of the combustion chamber 10, and a damper 33 is provided from an air intake port 32.
Heat exchange takes place between the air 34 supplied via the combustion chamber 10 and the exhaust gas leaving the reburning chamber 10. An induction fan 17 for discharging exhaust gas is provided on the downstream side of the air preheater 31. After the air 34 supplied from the air suction port 32 is heated by the air preheater 31,
The suction force of the induction fan I7 guides the air through the air duct 18 and the air supply pipe 16 to the air chamber 7 below the stoker 5. In addition, the outlet of the induction fan 17 is
A recirculation line 35 connects the damper 33 and the air preheater 3.
There is communication between 1 and 1. A damper 36 is provided in the middle of this recirculation line 35.

The high-temperature exhaust gas leaving the re-combustion chamber 10 flows into the air preheater 31 on the downstream side, heats the air 34, becomes low temperature, and is discharged to the atmosphere via the induction fan 17. On the other hand, the air 34 heated in the air preheater 31 is introduced into the air supply pipe 16 via the air duct 1B, and after being adjusted by the valve 15, it flows into the air chamber 7 below the stoker 5. Then, the dust reaches the combustion chamber through the air hole 4 of the stoker 5, and the dust is dried and burned.

In addition, during warm-up operation before inputting the garbage 1, by partially opening the damper 36 and appropriately closing the damper 33, a part of the exhaust gas 22 that exits the re-combustion chamber 10 and is discharged after heat exchange is recirculated. Recirculate through line 35. Note that when garbage is thrown in and the incineration operation is started, the damper 36 is fully closed and the damper 33 is fully opened.

According to the second embodiment, effects (1) of the first embodiment,
In addition to (2) and (3), the following effects can be obtained.

(5) Combustion air 34, which has become hot after exchanging heat with exhaust gas in the air preheater 31 downstream of the re-combustion chamber 10, is injected into the combustion chamber 3, so the temperature inside the combustion chamber 3 becomes high. Furthermore, the temperature distribution is made uniform by the stirring device 20 above the stoker 5, which not only improves combustion but also increases the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the afterburning chamber 10. The ability of 11 is also low. Furthermore, the temperature of the exhaust gas released into the atmosphere is also lowered, which is favorable for the environment.

(6) The temperature of the exhaust gas after heat exchange with the exhaust gas of the re-combustion chamber 10 is also higher than that of the air 34 taken in from the air suction port 32, so a part of the exhaust gas is recirculated during warm-up operation before garbage is input. As a result, warming-up time can be shortened. In other words, during warm-up operation, the 0□ necessary for combustion is not required, so by recirculating the exhaust gas, the furnace warms up quickly. Even if the furnace is circulated, it will not cause any problems such as corrosion to the furnace itself.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.

(1) In a high-temperature re-combustion chamber partitioned by porous ceramic plates and equipped with a heat source, unburned gas, organic matter, germs, etc. in the exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber are completely combusted, making them odorless, sterile, and harmless. be able to.

(2) The combustion air supplied to the combustion chamber has a high temperature by recovering heat from the exhaust gas leaving the afterburning chamber, so that combustion in the combustion chamber improves and the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the afterburning chamber increases. It is also possible to reduce the capacity of the heat source in the reburning chamber.

(3) The exhaust gas from the afterburning chamber is cooled in front of the induction fan and then released into the atmosphere, which is environmentally friendly. Furthermore, if this exhaust gas is reused and used for warming up, the time required for warming up can be shortened.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a reburning chamber in the same embodiment. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional garbage incinerator. Ol...garbage, 02...inlet. 03... Combustion chamber, 04... Stoker. 05... Fire pit, 06... Ash removal and ventilation port. 07...Air, 08...Combustion gas. 09... Passage, OlO... Reburning chamber. 011...Chimney l...Garbage. 2... Garbage inlet, 3... Combustion chamber. 4...Air hole, 5...Stoker. 6... Air for combustion and drying. 7...Air chamber, 8...Combustion exhaust gas. 98, 9A', 9B, 9B'...Porous ceramic plate. 10... Re-combustion chamber, 11... Burner. 12...Combustion air suction port, 13...Combustion air. 14...Atmosphere, 15...Valve. 16... Air supply pipe, 17... Induction fan. 18...Air duct, 19...Mixed gas. 20... Stirring device 22... High temperature gas 24... Dry air supply pipe. 31...Air preheater. 33...Damper. 35...Recirculation line 21...Valve. 23... Injection hole. 25... Valve. 32...Air suction port. 34...Combustion air. 36...Damper.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In an incinerator that is divided by a plate-shaped inclined stoker having a large number of ventilation holes into an upper incineration chamber into which materials to be incinerated are introduced and a lower air chamber into which combustion air is supplied, a combustion air inlet that supplies air to the combustion chamber;
a stirring device provided close to above the stoker;
A re-combustion chamber partitioned by a plurality of porous ceramic plates downstream of the combustion chamber and having a burner inside; an induction fan installed downstream of the re-combustion chamber; An incinerator characterized by comprising: an air duct that mixes air with exhaust gas and supplies the mixture to the air chamber. (2) In an incinerator that is divided into an upper combustion chamber into which the material to be incinerated is inputted and a lower air chamber to which combustion air is supplied by a plate-shaped inclined stoker having a large number of ventilation holes, the above-mentioned a stirring device installed close to the upper part of the stoker; a reburning material partitioned by a plurality of porous ceramic plates downstream of the combustion chamber and having a burner inside; An induced fan installed, an air duct communicating from the air inlet to the air chamber via a damper, and an air duct provided in the air duct between the damper and the air chamber, and exhaust gas exiting the re-combustion chamber. an air preheater heated by the air preheater; a recirculation line connecting the outlet of the induction fan to the air duct between the damper and the air preheater; and a recirculation line provided in the recirculation line. An incinerator characterized by comprising a separate damper.